US716299A - Superheater. - Google Patents

Description

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JAMES P. SNEDDON, OF BARBER'ION, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE STIRLING COMPANY, OF JERSEY CITY, NEWJERSE-Y, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY. i

SPECIFICATION forming' partof Letters TIllateni'. No. 716,299, dated December 16, 1902.

n Application led March l1, 1902. Serial No. 97,732. (No model.)

To all'wwm tmc/y concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES P. SNEDDON, a resident of Barberton, in the county of Summit and State ofOhio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Superheaters; and I do hereby decl'are the `follo `vvin'gI to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionthereof.

My invention relates to'superheaters, and more especially to superheaters located or projecting into a boiler-furnace; and its object is to provide such a superheater whereby a maximum but controllable degree of superheating can be obtained.

To these ends my invention consists, generally stated, in providing aheating-chamber, preferably a boiler-furnace, having a bade Wall or plate projecting into the same and loeatin g one set orcluster of superheater-tubes behind said bathe-Wall and another set or cluster in front of the sameand so connecting the two clusters that the saturated steam is first passedj through thecluster of tubes behind the baffle-wall and then through the cluster of tubes in front of the same, which latter being in the highest zone of heat will give avery high degree of superheating to the steam.

The invention also comprises a controllable by-pass through the baffle-wall, whereby the heated gases can be directed when desired through the cluster of superheated tubes behind the baffle-wall.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown my invention applied to a boiler of the Wellknown Stirling type.

In said drawings, Figure l is a transverse section through the boiler, showing my superheater applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a plan View of' the same; and Fig. 3 is aview, partly in section, showing the construction of header and superheater-tubes. j

The boiler illustrated is of the well-known Stirling type,'the particular boiler shown being the Stirlingfour-drum boiler and comprising theupper steam and water drums l, 2, and 3, the lower mud-drum 4, and the three banks of water-tubes 5,A 6, and 7, connecting the muddrum with the steam and Water drums l, 2, and 3,respectively. The feed- Water inlet is connected to the drum l, and

` is the baffle plate or wall 16. the chimney is at 17.

the steam-outlet is shown connected to the middle drum 2, although it may be connected to either of the other steamand water drums. The steam and water drums are connected by the steam-collecting pipes 9 and the drums 2 ,and 3 by the circulating-pipes l0. The several drums, tubes, and pipes are inclosed by the usual masonry walls 11, yforming a heating-chamber l2. At the front and near the bottom of this chamber is the grate 13, and

above the same is the ignition-arch M. Just back of the bank of tubes 7 is the baffle wall or plate 15, and back of the bank of tubes 6 The outlet to The construction so far described is the well-known four-drum Stirling boiler, and as `it forms no part of my invention a further detailed description thereof is unnecessary. Suffice it to say that the feed-water entering the drum l passes down through the bank of tubes 5 into the mud-drum 4, and from this,

.inasmuch as the greatest heat is at the front of the furnace-chamber, it passes up through the bank of tubes 7 to the drum 3, the steam passing over to the drum 2 by the pipes 9 and the water passing to the same drum through the pipes 10 and thence descending through the bank of tubes 6 to the mud-drum, in this way maintaining the Well-known circulation of the Stirling boiler. In lieu of the four-drum Stirling boiler the invention can `be equally as well applied to a three or live drum Stirling boiler, or, in fact, in any heating-chamber having a bale wall or plate projecting into the same. x

The superheater comprises a set of superheater-tubes 18, located behind the baiement the saturated steam is rst heated in the rear superheater-tubes and when at a high degree of heat passes through the front By this. arrange- IOO superheater-tubes, which are located in a zone of very great heat, approximately the hottest point in the boiler-furnace, so that a very high degree of superheating is obtained. Each of these superheaters comprises a header orchamber23, which is provided with a longitudinal diaphragm 24, dividing said header into two compartments or passages 25 and 26. One of these compartments-as, for instance, the compartment 23- has the steam-inlet pipe connected thereto, while the other compartment-as, for instance, the compartment 25-has the steam-outlet pipe connected thereto. In the particular super- -heaters illustrated the steam -inlet to the headers is shown at one end thereof and the steam-outlet at the other end thereof. This arrangement, however, is not essential,as the inlet and outlet may both be at the same end of the header. All of the connecting-pipes will be provided with suitable cut-off valves, and a by-pass pipe having a suitable valve will be provided around the superheater, so that in case the latter becomes disabled the saturated steam can be taken directly from the boiler to the engine. The specific construction of each of these superheaters is substantially that of the well-known Niclausse boiler and is shown in detail in Fig. 3. The top and bottom walls of the header and the diaphragm or partition therethrough are provided with alining openings in which are connected the skeleton frames1 or lanterns,7 as they are called, 34. To the lower ends of these skeleton frames are attached the upper ends of the outer tubes 36, said tubes having closed bottom ends. Within the skeleton frames 34 are other skeleton frames 37, which extend from the top wall of the header to the diaphragm 24 and which have connected to their lower ends the inner circulating-tubes 38. These tubes extend down into the tubes 36 and have their bottom ends open and in proximity to the closed ends of the outer tubes. The skeleton frames 34 and 37 are cut away, so that free circulation is had between the compartment 23 and the inner tubes 38 and the compartment 24 and the outer tubes 36. In use the steam entering the header passes through the compartment 23, through the skeleton frames 34 and 37 into the circulating-tubes 38, and through the latter to the lower ends of the tubes, and thence passes upward through the annular space between the inner and outertubes and through the opening in the skeleton frames 34 to the compartment 24, in this way providing a maximum heating-surface and securing a high velocity of the steam through the tubes, thus insuring the maximum heat-transfer to the steam.

The superheaters are shown with theirheaders in a horizontal position and embedded in the top wall of the furnace-chamber, with the superheating-tubes projecting down into the furnace-chamber in the spaces between the banks of water-tubes. This arrangement, however, is not essential, but it is preferred, as it simplifies the connection between the headers and between the first header and the steam-outlet pipe from the boiler. The rear su perheater is shown with two headers placed side by side with tubes of different lengths connected thereto, while the front superheater'comprises only a single header with very long tubes connected thereto; but these arrangements are not essential, and it will be understood that the superheaters may be located at any other point in the particular boiler-furnace shown or in any other suitable heating-chamber, provided only that one of said superheaters is located behind a baffle wall or plate, so that it can be protected from the hot gases and flames when necessary, and the others are located in front of the same. The position and particular arrangement of superheaters will of course be varied according to the type or design of boiler to which they are adapted.

The bafiie-wall 16 is provided at its upper end with an opening 40, which is opposite the upper ends of the tubes 36 and which is adapted to be closed by any suitable valve-such, for instance, as the butterliy-valve 4l shown or by means of any other well-known type of valve. This opening 40, with the valve, forms a controllable by-pass whereby the heated gases coming up from thefurnace can be either directed through the rear superheatertubes or else cutoff therefrom to any desired extent. In this way a variable degree of superheatin g can be secured in this rear superheater up to the maximum capacity thereof. To the rear of these superheater-tubes is a depending baffle-wall 43, which directs the heated gases so that they must pass down in between said superheater-tubes for their entire length. The opening 40 is so located that the heated gases strike the tubes near their connection with the header and` where the steam in said tubes is at its highest temperature, thus giving the maximum superheating in these rear tubes. From these tubes the steam passes through the front superheater, which is located in a zone of very high heat, and as the steam is alreadyraised toa comparatively high temperature it is possible by this arrangement to secure a very high degree of superheating.

My superheater, as heretofore stated, can be applied to any water-tube boiler having a baffle-wall projecting into the same, and the superheaters will be located one behind the bafiie-wall and the other in front of the latter, and said wall will be provided with the controllable by-pass described.

By the terms in front and behind as used in the specification and claims it is intended to express relative locations only, the word front meaning toward the source of heat and the word behind meaning away from the source of heat.

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What I claim as my invention, and desire to` secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a superheater, the combination with a heating-chamber, a battle-wall projecting into said chamber, a controllable by-pass through saidbaftle-wall, a set of superheater-tubes behind the baiiie-wall, a second set of superheater-tubes in frontjof the baiiie-wall, and connections whereby the steam first passes through the first set of superheater-tubes and then through the second set of superheatertubes.

2. In a superheater, the combination with a heating-chamber, of a baffle-wall projecting into said chamber, a set of superheater-tubes behind the bafe-wall, a second set of superheater tubes in front of the baffle-wall, said superheaters comprising a header having two compartments, tubes connected to said header and proj ectinginto the heating-chamber, said tubes comprising outer tubes communicating with one ofthe header-compartments and inner tubes com municating with the other header-compartment,steam-inlet connections and steam-outlet connections from the other of said compartments, and connections whereby the steam is caused to first pass through the first set ofsuperheater-tu bes and then through the second set of superheater-tubes.

I 3. In a superheater for steam-boilers, the

i combination with a boiler-furnace, of watertubes therein,a baffle-wall projecting into said chamber, a set of superheater-tubes behind the bafle-Wall, a second set et` superheatertubes in front of the beide-wall, and steam connections whereby the steam is caused to pass first through the rst set of superheatertubes and then through the second set of superheater-tubes.

4. In a superheater for steam-boilers, the combination with a boiler-furnace, of watertubes therein,a baile-wall projecting into said furnace, a controllable by-pass through said baffle-Wall, a set of superheater-tubes behind fle-wall projecting into the furnace-chamber 6o behind the first set of superheatertubes,

steam-inlet connections to the first set of superheater tubes, steam outlet connections from the second set of superheater-tubes, and connections between the twosets of superheater-tubes.

6. In a superheater for steam-boilers, the combination with a heating-chamber,I a plurality of elevated steam and water drums and a lower mud-drum therein, banks of watertubes connecting the steam and water' drums with the mud-drum, a baffle-wall projecting into the chamber between the banks of watertubes, a controllable by-pass through said baffle-wall, a set of superheater-tubes behind said baffle-wall, a second set of superheatertubes iu front of said baffle-wall, steam-inlet connections to the first set of superheatertubes, steam-outlet connections from the second set of superheater-tubes, and steam connections between said sets of superheatertubes.

7. In a superheater for steam-boilers, the combination with a boiler-furnace, of Watertubes therein,a bathe-wall projecting into said chamber, a controllable by-pass through said baffle-wall, a superheater behind said bafiewall, another su perheater in front of said bafe-wall, each of said superheaters comprising a header having two compartments, outer tubes communicating with one of said headercompartments, inner tubes communicating with the other header-compartment, steaminlet connections to one of said compartments,

steam-outlet connections from the other of said compartments, and connections whereby the steam is caused to first pass through the rear superheater and then through the front superheater.

8. In a superheater for steam-boilers, the combination with a heating-chamber, of water-tubes therein, a bafIie-wall projecting into said chamber, a superheater behind said baffle-wall, a second superheater in front of said battle-wall, each of said superheaters comprising inner and outer tubes and headers provided with two compartments communicating respectively with said inner and outer tubes, steam-inlet connections to one of the headercompartments of the rear superheater, steamout-let connections from one of the headercompartments of the front superheater, and steam connections between the remaining compartments of said superheater-headers.

In testimony whereof I, the said JAMES P. SNEDDON, have hereunto set my hand.

JAS. P. SNEDDON.

Witnesses:

E. E. BAKER, J. CLARENCE FRANK.

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