US5668933A - Image transformation apparatus for producing an image collapsing effect - Google Patents

Image transformation apparatus for producing an image collapsing effect Download PDF

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Publication number
US5668933A
US5668933A US08/224,680 US22468094A US5668933A US 5668933 A US5668933 A US 5668933A US 22468094 A US22468094 A US 22468094A US 5668933 A US5668933 A US 5668933A
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United States
Prior art keywords
read address
image
function
video signal
image transformation
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Expired - Lifetime
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US08/224,680
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English (en)
Inventor
Katsuakira Moriwake
Toshihiro Shiraishi
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Sony Corp
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Sony Corp
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Assigned to SONY CORPORATION reassignment SONY CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MORIWAKE, KATSURAKIRA, SHIRAISHI, TOSHIHIRO
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T3/00—Geometric image transformations in the plane of the image
    • G06T3/18—Image warping, e.g. rearranging pixels individually
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/222—Studio circuitry; Studio devices; Studio equipment
    • H04N5/262—Studio circuits, e.g. for mixing, switching-over, change of character of image, other special effects ; Cameras specially adapted for the electronic generation of special effects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/222—Studio circuitry; Studio devices; Studio equipment
    • H04N5/262—Studio circuits, e.g. for mixing, switching-over, change of character of image, other special effects ; Cameras specially adapted for the electronic generation of special effects
    • H04N5/2628—Alteration of picture size, shape, position or orientation, e.g. zooming, rotation, rolling, perspective, translation

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an image transformation apparatus, and more particularly, to a video special effect generating process for rendering a special effect for example to a video signal.
  • an image transformation apparatus is disclosed, for example, in the U.S. Pat. No. 5,070,465.
  • an input video signal is sequentially written to a predetermined region of a frame memory on the basis of write address output from a write address generation circuit and data in the frame memory is read out by a read address which is input from a read address generation circuit, thereby various special effects are rendered to the video signal so as to display an image in a transformed manner.
  • an object of this invention is to provide an image transformation apparatus in which it is possible to provide a special effect to an input video signal, a special effect whereby a portion of the image collapses as if a pile of sand trickles.
  • an image transformation apparatus for performing image transformation process to a video signal, comprising: a storing means for storing an input video signal; a read address generating means for generating a sequential read address; and a transformation means for transforming the read address by a function of which the first differential coefficient reduces monotonously in a manner approaching "0" from "1", thereby supplying the transformed read address means to the storing means as the read address signal of the storing means, and then rendering an image collapsing effect to the video signal.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the image transformation apparatus according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart for the explanation of the operation of the image transformation apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B to 7 are schematic diagrams for the explanation of the relation between the function used in the image transformation apparatus shown in FIG. 1 and the output picture;
  • FIGS. 8A to 8C are schematic diagrams for the explanation of the operation of the random number generator in the image transformation apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram for the explanation of the relation between the random number used in the image transformation apparatus shown in FIG. 1 and the output picture.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of the main part of the image transformation apparatus shown in FIG. 1.
  • numeral 10 generally denotes an image transformation apparatus, where a digitized input video signal S1 is written to a frame memory 11 without transforming the image, on the basis of a write address signal S2 delivered from a sequential write address counter 12.
  • a read address generator 13 for generating a read address for reading image data from the frame memory 11 receives a sequential read address signal S3 and processes the sequential read address; and the processed read address is delivered to the frame memory 11 as a read address signal S4, so that an output video signal S5 read from the frame memory 11 forms an image which is obtained as if by adding a predetermined transformation to the input video signal S1.
  • FIG. 2 shows a procedure for the generation of the read address for the sand collapsing effect in the read address generator 13.
  • the read address generator 13 Upon entering the procedure from step SP1, the read address generator 13 receives at the next step SP2 a sequential read address which is designated by an orthogonal coordinate system (x, y) based on the read address signal S3 and proceeds to the next step SP3.
  • This function is a pattern function as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, such as a sine function or a composite function of a sine function and a cosine function.
  • ⁇ is the wavelength of G(x) and p(t) is a function of time.
  • an angle ⁇ can be provided for the shape of the collapse start position, such case being represented by the equation of:
  • a collapse start curve y' having an angle ⁇ is obtained by adding an angle component tan( ⁇ ) ⁇ x to the function G(x). Accordingly, by converting the read address by the collapse start curve y', a collapsing curve inclined by the angle ⁇ can be represented on the output picture.
  • an area is expanded of the output picture corresponding to the area for which the decrease in the inclination occurs beginning at a value of "y", (T S ), at which the inclination starts to change from "1".
  • This changing point T S becomes the position at which the collapse starts. Accordingly, by varying the position of the changing point T S , the collapse start position of the output picture may be varied as shown in FIG. 6. By varying the degree of decrement C V of the first differential coefficient as shown in FIG. 7, the degree of the collapsing may be controlled.
  • the read address generator 13 proceeds to the next step SP5 where, in order to obtain an effect of simulating a collapse of sand, it computes output random numbers R(y) corresponding to the input gain function L(y) at a random number generator 29 provided within the read address generator 13 as shown in FIG. 8A.
  • the size (absolute value) of the output random numbers of the random number generator is controlled by the gain function to the random number generator.
  • This gain function is linked to the above described function F(y) and is controlled by means of such parameters as the changing point T S , the degree C V of decrement of the first differential coefficient and an amplification factor R P of the gain function.
  • the read address generator 13 at step SP5, obtains Y 3 and at the next step SP6, in order to keep the collapsing image within the screen, obtains:
  • FIG. 10 shows the construction of the read address generator 13 where sequential read address "x" is input to RAMs 21 and 22.
  • the output data of the RAM 22 is added to read address "y" at an adder 23 and such added output is respectively input to RAMs 25 and 26.
  • the output data of the RAM 26 is input to the random number generator 29; the data output from the random number generator 29 based on the output data of the RAM 26 is added to the output data of the RAM 25 at an adder 27; and then the output data of the RAM 21 is added to it at a subsequent adder 28 to obtain a read address "Y" as described above with respect to the equation (3).
  • the read address "x" input to the read address generator 13 is output as read address "X" as it is.
  • the sequential read address (x, y) to be input to the read address generator 13 may be one which has been processed through a three dimensional matrix.
  • the read address (x 3D , y 3D ) represented by: ##EQU1## may be input to the read address generator 13.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Image Processing (AREA)
  • Studio Circuits (AREA)
US08/224,680 1993-04-17 1994-04-07 Image transformation apparatus for producing an image collapsing effect Expired - Lifetime US5668933A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP11377993A JP3341926B2 (ja) 1993-04-17 1993-04-17 画像変換装置
JP5-113779 1993-04-17

Publications (1)

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US5668933A true US5668933A (en) 1997-09-16

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US (1) US5668933A (fr)
EP (1) EP0621727B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3341926B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100338447B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1044062C (fr)
DE (1) DE69419652T2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3357911B1 (fr) 2006-06-26 2022-05-11 Akebia Therapeutics Inc. Inhibiteurs de prolyl hydroxylase et procédés d'utilisation

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR0183155B1 (ko) * 1995-06-19 1999-05-01 김광호 동영상 압축부호화시 움직임 보상을 위한 시작 및 끝주소 발생회로

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2157126A (en) * 1981-04-10 1985-10-16 Ampex Controller for system for spatially transforming images
GB2200266A (en) * 1986-12-11 1988-07-27 Nec Corp Video special effect generator
US4916540A (en) * 1987-01-14 1990-04-10 Nec Corporation Special effect apparatus for video signal
US4965844A (en) * 1985-04-03 1990-10-23 Sony Corporation Method and system for image transformation
US4985756A (en) * 1987-11-06 1991-01-15 Nec Corporation Special effect system for video signal
US5051734A (en) * 1990-01-11 1991-09-24 The Grass Valley Group, Inc. Special effects using polar image coordinates
EP0482849A2 (fr) * 1990-10-25 1992-04-29 Sony Corporation Appareil pour effets vidéo spéciaux
US5121210A (en) * 1989-10-27 1992-06-09 Nec Corporation Video composing system using special effect apparatus
US5361100A (en) * 1992-04-24 1994-11-01 Sony United Kingdom Limited Apparatus and method for transforming a video image into a three dimensional video image with shadows
US5408274A (en) * 1993-03-11 1995-04-18 The Regents Of The University Of California Method and apparatus for compositing compressed video data

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2157126A (en) * 1981-04-10 1985-10-16 Ampex Controller for system for spatially transforming images
US4965844A (en) * 1985-04-03 1990-10-23 Sony Corporation Method and system for image transformation
GB2200266A (en) * 1986-12-11 1988-07-27 Nec Corp Video special effect generator
US4916540A (en) * 1987-01-14 1990-04-10 Nec Corporation Special effect apparatus for video signal
US4985756A (en) * 1987-11-06 1991-01-15 Nec Corporation Special effect system for video signal
US5121210A (en) * 1989-10-27 1992-06-09 Nec Corporation Video composing system using special effect apparatus
US5051734A (en) * 1990-01-11 1991-09-24 The Grass Valley Group, Inc. Special effects using polar image coordinates
EP0482849A2 (fr) * 1990-10-25 1992-04-29 Sony Corporation Appareil pour effets vidéo spéciaux
US5361100A (en) * 1992-04-24 1994-11-01 Sony United Kingdom Limited Apparatus and method for transforming a video image into a three dimensional video image with shadows
US5408274A (en) * 1993-03-11 1995-04-18 The Regents Of The University Of California Method and apparatus for compositing compressed video data

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3357911B1 (fr) 2006-06-26 2022-05-11 Akebia Therapeutics Inc. Inhibiteurs de prolyl hydroxylase et procédés d'utilisation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH06303514A (ja) 1994-10-28
JP3341926B2 (ja) 2002-11-05
CN1044062C (zh) 1999-07-07
KR100338447B1 (ko) 2002-11-29
EP0621727B1 (fr) 1999-07-28
DE69419652D1 (de) 1999-09-02
EP0621727A1 (fr) 1994-10-26
CN1099212A (zh) 1995-02-22
DE69419652T2 (de) 2000-03-02
KR940024618A (ko) 1994-11-18

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