US529507A

US529507A - Steam-engine governor

Info

Publication number: US529507A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1894-11-20
Anticipated expiration: 1911-11-20

Description

W. G. SHEPHERD.-

STEAM ENGINE GOVERNOR.

(No Model.)

No: 529,507. Patented Nov. 20, 1894.

INVENTDR WITNESSEE:

Unrrno warns n'rniv'r which.

\VILLIAM G. SHEPHERD, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-=ENGINE GOVERNOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 529,507, dated November 20, 1894. Application filed May 21, 1894:. Serial No. 511,934. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM G. SHEPHERD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Erie, in the county of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Engine Governors; and I do hereby declare the following to bea full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to steam engine governors, and consists in certain improvements in the construction thereof as will be hereinafter fully described and pointed outin the claims.

More particularly my invention relates to that class of governors placed on the crank shaft or an analogous shaft and connected directly with the valve moving mechanism. Such governors are common and the principles governing their operation are well understood, and my invention does not involve any new principle or mode of operation, but is a new and improved construction for effecting the desired regulation of the valve moving mechanism.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings as follows:

Figure 1 shows a side elevation of a governor wheel with the governor mechanism in place therein. Fig. 2 shows a section of said wheel and parts 011 the line 22 in Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrow at the left of Fig. 1.

A marks the governor wheel, usually a fly wheel of the engine; and B, the wrist pin (or if desired a slotted eccentric) to which the valve rod (not shown) is attached. The wrist pin is carried by an arm, I), which is attached to or made integral with the weight arm, 0, and is pivoted in common with the weight arm on the pivot, O, which is attached to the body of the governor wheel away from its center, so that the wrist pin, B, has a pivotal movement which not only affects the throw of the pin and consequently the travel of the valve but also by reason of its pivotal action, makes a change in the lead of the valve at different points of cut ofif. Regulating the engine bya relative change of the position of a pin, B, automatically accomplished is not new with me, and moving the pin from apivot away from the center is also not new with me, and this movement and the effect of such movement are well understood, and will need no further description by me.

Pivoted on the weight arm, 0', is the weight arm, 0, which for convenience in description may be said to consist of a main weight arm, 0, and an auxiliary weight arm, 0. Cast integrally with or rigidly attached to the main weight arm, is the main weight, D. The auxiliary weight arm, 0, has a split end, 0 in which is inserted a bearing, 0 which is clamped in place by means of a bolt, 0 passed through the end, 0 A knife edged pin, d is set into a crotch, d 01 on a link, d. The knife edged pin rests in the bearing, 0 and forms a pivot for the link, 01'. The auxiliary governor weight D is attached to the end of the link, 61.

The auxiliary governor weight is attached to the governor spring, E, by means of a hooked end on the spring and pin, d in the weight. This spring is attached to a boss, E, on the governor wheel by means of a bolt, e, passed through it into the seat of the boss. A washer, e, large enough to engage a shoulder, e on the boss is placed on the bolt so as to give the bolt support at both ends. A nut, 6 secures the washer and theleaves of the spring securely in place. The under side of the spring does not contact the bottom of the boss, E, so that by tightening or loosening the nut, 6 the tension of the spring is increased or diminished so as to adjust it to balance the weights for the speed desired. The direction of the spring should be such as to form in itself a swinging link so as to properly direct the governing movement of the auxiliary weight. In the governor shown the proper movement of the auxiliary governor weight is a movement similar to that of the main weight, and to effect this movement, the spring should be in a direction substantially parallel to the weight arm, C, and so fulcrumed that the lateral movement of the free end of the spring will describe substantially the same are as the main weight moving from the pivot center, 0'. The spring has a lateral spring movement, and is fulcrumed on a fulcrum, E which is seated in the boss, E, and is made adjustable longitudinally of the spring by means of an adjusting screw, E so that the strength of the spring may be varied to adjust it so as to effect a proper operation of the governor. From this it will be seen that the tension of the spring, that is the force with which it resists movement, is regulated by the nut 6 acting upon the end of the spring, and by means of which the spring may be adjusted so as to effect the different speeds desired; while the strength of the spring, that is its ratio of increase in resistance or tension, as it is moved in a direction against which it is tensioned, is regulated by the movable fulcrum, so that the spring may, as nearly as practical, be made to balance the weights, at all points of their movement.

The movement of the governor parts can be readily followed, the dotted lines indicating the positions assumed by said parts when the increased centrifugal force,incidenttogreater speed, exerted by the weights is sufficient to overcome the centrifugal force exerted by the spring. 7

The auxiliary weight, D, is pivoted to the end of the auxiliary arm, c',rather than made rigid therewith in order that the centrifugal force acting upon it may be cumulative of the force acting upon the weight, D, rather than of a neutralizing nature, as would be the case if it were made rigid and received its pivotal movement from the pivot center 0. The length of the link, (1', is preferably such as to bring the weights diametrically opposite each other in order that they may be balanced as to the governor wheel, and the lengths of the arms, a and c, are preferably such that the weights attached to their respective ends are balanced as to gravity, and in order that the gravity balance of the governor mechanism may be more perfectly adjusted, I provide the arm, I), and weight, B, extending from the arm, 0, and being of such weight and so located as to the pivot, O, as to counter-balance the weight of the pin, B, and parts connected therewith. It will readily be seen that by this construction, the parts composing the governor are as few as possible, and there being so few joints, the friction incident to a movement of the parts is reduced to minimum, and in consequence the gov.- ernor is very sensitive and effective.

The arrangement of the parts as shown will under ordinary circumstances prevent what is known as racing, butif by reason of the valve sticking or other causes, it is desirable to use a dash pot, I prefer attachingit in the manner shown, which consists of a dash pot, F, attached to the governor mechanism at f, and attached to the governor wheel by means of a spring rod, F, which has a threaded end, f which is screwed into a properly threaded socket in the governorvwheel. In order that the spring rod, F, may readily springenough to allow the movement of the dash pot incident to its attachment to a pivoted part of the governor mechanism, I flatten the rod, F,

atf which is preferably at a point near the governor wheel in order that the movement may be as small as possible. 1

What I claim as new is 1. In a steam engine governor, the combination with the governor wheel; of a pin to which is attached the valve gear; an arm carrying said pin; a pivot on the governor wheel and away from its center, on which said pin carrying arm is pivoted; a weight arm rigidly attached to said pin carrying arm and extending at an angle thereto; acent-rifugal weight attached to said weight arm; and a spring arranged to operate centripetally and attached to a moving part of said mechanism to counterbalance the centrifugal force exerted by the weight.

2. In a steam engine governor, the combination with the governor wheel; of a pin to which is attached the valve gear; an arm carrying said pin; a pivot on the governor wheel and away from its center, on which said pin carrying arm is pivoted; a Weight arm rigidly attached to said pin carry ing arm and extending at an angle thereto; a centrifugal weight rigidly attached to said Weight arm; and a spring arranged to operate centripetally and attached to a moving part of said mechanism, to counterbalance the centrifugal force exerted by the weight.

3. In a steam engine governor, the combination with the governor wheel; of a pin to which is attached the valve gear; an arm carrying said pin; a pivot on the governor wheel and away from its center on which said pin carrying arm is pivoted; a weight arm rigidly attachedto saidpin carrying arm and extending both sides thereof at an angle thereto; a weight rigidly attached to one end of said weight arm; an auxiliary weight attached to the opposite end of said weight arm; and a spring arranged to operate centripetally and attached to a moving part of said mechanism to counterbalance the force of the weights.

4. In a steam engine governor, the combination with the governor wheel; of the pin to which is attached the valve gear; an arm carrying said pin; a pivot on the governor wheel on which said pin carrying arm is pivoted; a weight arm rigidly attached to saidpin carrying arm and extending both sides thereof; a weight rigidly attached to one end of said weight arm; an auxiliary weight hung by a pivoted link to the other end of said weight arm; and a spring arranged to operate con;- tripetally and attached to a moving part of said mechanism to counterbalance the centrifugal force exerted by the weights.

5. In a steam engine governor, the combination with the governor wheel; of a pinto which is attached the valve gear; an arm carrying said pin; a pivot on the governor wheel on which said pin carrying arm is pivoted; a

counter weight, B, for a gravity balance for said pin and attached parts; a weight arm rigidly attached to said pin carrying armand extending both sides thereof; a weight rigidly attached to one end of said weight arm; an auxiliary weight hung by a-:piv0ted link to the other end of said weight arm; and a spring arranged to operate centripetally and attached to a moving part of said mechanism to counterbalance the centrifugal force exerted by the weights.

6. In a steam engine governor, the combination with a centrifugally acting governor weight therein; of a spring connected therewith and arranged to operate laterally; and means of varying the strength of said spring.

7. In a steam engine governor, the combination with a centrifugall r acting governor weight therein; of a spring connected therewith and arranged to operate laterally; means for varying the tension of said spring; and means of varying the strength of said spring.

8. In a steam engine governor, the combination with a swinging centrifugally acting governor weight therein; ofa spring link connected with said weight which controls the direction of the movement of said Weight and is arranged centripetally against the movement of said weight; and means of varying the strength of said spring.

9. In a steam engine governor, the combination with the governor wheel and a swinging centrifugally acting governor weight; of a laterally tensioned longitudinally inextensible spring attached to the governor wheel and connected with the governor weight, the direction of said spring being such as to properly control the direction of the movement of the governor weight and so arranged as to centripetally restrain the movement of said weight; and an adjustable fulcrum for said spring.

10. In a steam engine governor, the combination with the governor wheel; of the pin to which is attached the valve gear; an arm carrying said pin; a pivot on the governor wheel on which said pin carrying arm is pivoted; a weight arm rigidly attached to said pin carrying arm and extending both sides thereof; a

weight rigidly attached to one end of said an auxiliary weight hung by a weight arm;

pivoted link to the other end of said Weight arm; and a laterally tensioned longitudinally inextensible spring attached to the governor wheel and connected with said auxiliary weight and so directioned as to give to said weight the desired direction of movement and tensioned to restrain it centripetally.

11. In a steam engine governor, the combination with the governor wheel; of the pin to which is attached the valve gear; an arm oarrying said pin; a pivot on the governor wheel on which said pin carrying arm is pivoted; a weight arm rigidly attached'to said pin carrying arm and extending both sides thereof; a weight rigidly attached to one end of said weight arm; an auxiliary weight hung by a pivoted link to the other end of said weight arm; and aspring link attached to said governor wheel and connected with said weight which controls the direction of movement of said auxiliary weight and is tensioned centripetally against the movement of said weight.

12. In a steam engine governor, the combination with the governor wheel; of a pin to which is attached the valve gear; an arm carrying said pin; a pivot on the governor wheel on which said pin carrying arm is pivoted; a weight arm rigidly attached to said pin carrying arm; a weight hung by a pivoted link to the end of said Weight arm; and a spring link attached to said governor wheel and connected with said weight which controls the direction of the movement of said weight and is tensioned centripetally against the movement of said weight.

13. In a steam engine governor, the combination with the governor Wheel and the relatively moving parts of said governor; of a dash pot connected with said moving parts; and a spring rod rigidly attached to said dash pot and the governor wheel.

In testimony whereof I afllx my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM G. SHEPHERD.

Witnesses:

HENRY E. FISH, H. C. LORD.