US480580A

US480580A - Engine-governor

Info

Publication number: US480580A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1892-08-09
Anticipated expiration: 1909-08-09

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

M. A. GREEN.

ENGINE GOVERNOR.

No. 480,580. Patented Aug. 9, 1892.

WITNESSE S ATTORNEYS (No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 2.

M. A. GREEN.

ENGINE GOVERNOR.

No. 480,580. Patented Aug. 9, 1892.

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/ N VE N TOR Warllrtfl freer By M ATTORNEYS N d/iad/ n4: Nnnms v c0., morommo wAsm UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARTIN A. GREEN, OF ALTOONA, PENNSYLVANIA.

ENGINE-GOVERNOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 480,580, dated August 9, 1892.

Serial No. 423,362- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, MARTIN A. GREEN, residing at ,Altoona, in the county of Blair and State of Pennsylvania, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Engine- Governors, of which the following is a specification.

My invention has for its object to provide certain improvements in that class of centripetal governors in which the desired degree of speed is aifected by variations of the operative position of the adjustable valve-acting eccentric; and it consists in the novel arrangement and peculiar combination of parts, all of which will hereinafterbe fully described in the specification, and particularly pointed out in the claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a face View of a band-wheel having my improved governor devices applied. Fig.2 is avertical sectional elevation of the same on the line 2 2, Fig. 1. Figs. 3 and 4 are detail views illustrating the main or fixed base-plate. Fig. 5 is a face view of the rocker. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section of the same on the line 6 6, Fig. 1. Figs. 7 and 8 are detail views of the eccentric-pin, and Figs. 9 and 10 are similar views of the capplate.

It has been found that to construct a centripetal governor to maintain perfect regulation it has to be in equilibrium-that is to say, the centripetal force must be in exact harmony with the centrifugal force at all points of cut-off. Unfortunately there arises a difficulty here, that if the governor is so arranged that the two forces are in exact harmony with one another at all points of the cut-ofi the governor becomes unstable and will go from one extreme to the other, what is known as racing or hunting. Now to overcome this I find that the centripetal force must increase more rapidly than the centrifugal force, as the balls move outward. This causes stability to the running of the governor at the sacrifice of regulation. To overcome this sacrifice of regulation, I have designed my iinproved governor so that the operative mechanism will automatically balance up the necessary overbalance of the centripetal force to make the governor stable.

Referring to the accompanying drawings,

A indicates a base-plate, which is bolted to the outer end of the band-wheel, and which is formed with an integral outwardly-projecting pin or stud B, as most clearly shown in Fi s. 3 and 4., by reference to which it will be seen that such pin B has its center near the center of the main shaft, the purpose of which will hereinafter appear.

0 indicates the rocker or carrier plate, which is journaled and swings on the studpin B, as shown.

D indicates theeccentric-pin, the construction of which is most clearly shown in Figs. 8 and 9, and consists of the annular base d, formed near its peripheral edge with a pivotlug d and with a central hub portion (1*. This pin has its pivot d seated in a socket a in the rocker or carrier plate 0, such pivotal connection, when the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 1, being over the center of the main shaft, the said pin being held to the rocker-plate C by a bolt 01 which passes through a slot 0 in the plate and which is tapped to the pin D, as shown.

By reference to Fig. 1 it will be seen that the pin D, to which the eccentric-rod is connected, is eccentric to the main shaft, which thereby gives a crank motion and moves the valve backward and forward.

By swinging the rocker-plate across the base-plate A in the direction indicated by the arrow reduces the travel of the valve, and thereby reduces the quantity of steam that the engine receives.

The rocker-plate C has a lubricating-reser-v voir 10 formed in its hub portion, which receives oil through the channel 11, with which communicates a channel 12 in the pin D, which is supplied by a standing lubricator (not shown) outside of the band-wheel.

E indicates the cap-plate which forms the washer to hold the strap of eccentric-rod on the pin D, it being screwed to such pin, as clearly shown in Fig. 2. The rocker-plate is provided with a counterpoise C the purpose of which is to balance up the end of the rocker C, so that there is no interference with the proper movement of the governor.

G G indicate the ball-weights, which are secured to the swinging arms H H, pivoted to the spokes 0f the band-wheel, as clearly shown in Fig. 1, and to provide a simple and efiective means for attaching such balls to the arms. The said balls have each a central aperture g, the lower part of which is reduced and threaded, as at g, into which the reduced threaded ends 71 of the arms are screwed, and such arms having a portion extended into the aperture g, as shown, there is no danger of the arm breaking ofi at the screw-shank, as is customary when the arms are attached to the outer edge of the balls.

I I indicate clamps movable on the arms H,

to which are connected the inner ends of the double-wound springs J, the outer ends of which are connected to screw-nuts K, in which are fitted the adjusting screw-rods L, the ends of which are connected with the clevises M, which in turn are connected to rack-bars N, fitted to the rim of the band-wheel, as most clearly shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings.

By connecting the springs to the arms in the manner stated means are provided for changing the angularity of the springs J This is a much desired improvement, for the reason that no two springs can be tempered exactly alike to increase in force as they are drawn out, and for that reason the centripetal force cannot be nearly enough balanced without an adjustment to change the angu- By means of the racks larity of the spring. N, I am enabled to change the angularity of the spring to just suit the temper of eachspring, so that the governor can be perfectly adjusted.

jectin g ear G, to which are pivotally connected arms 0, the inner ends of which are connected to oppositelyextending wing members 0 a", formed on the rocker-plate C. It will be noticed by reference to Fig. 1 that when the governor-balls are in their inner position the arms 0 almost come to-a straight line, which swings the rocker-plate in the direction indicated by arrow X and brings it and its eccentric-pin to the posit-ion shown, such movement being limited by a stop P, with whicha lug c on the plate 0 engages, a similar stop P beingprovided, with which the lug 0 engages when the rocker-plate C is swung to its limit in the opposite direction. The stops P P can be chipped, so as to give the desired travel of cut-off valve.

By connecting the governor-balls to the rocker-plate, as stated, I am enabled to maintain perfect regulation and at the same time have a stable working governor, such result being. accounted for as follows: When the governor is in its inner position and when the engineis heavily loaded, the arms 0 become almost parallel. Now when the balls move out at the beginning of such movement the rocker-plate C will be moved slightly; but as the balls reach their outer position and the angle of the arms H and 0 become sharper travel of the rocker-plate is increased with relation to the movement of the balls. By this method it requires more movement of the balls when they are in their inner position to change the travel of the valve than it does when they are in their outer position, which balances up the undue increase of centripetal force rendered by the springs. It will also be noticed that as the fulcrum for the rocker-plate is near the center of the main shaft makes the arc of the rocker very sharp,

which adds to the cutting down of the valve ;motion", and as the eccentric-pin D is pivoted on such rocker at a point over the center of the main shaft it can be readily adjusted to increase or diminish the lead of the valve,,the same as moving an ordinary eccentric aroundthe shaft, which is a new and valuable feature in relation to governors of I this kind. The wing member c of the rockerplate 0 is extended, as at 0 and to thisextension is connected the inner endof a rod Q, I the outer end of which has a leather piston R, which works in a cylinder S, which serves to cushion the inward and outward movement of the rocker C. No fluid is used. .air being of an elastic nature has the same qualities as a dash-pot filled with liquid, hav- The ing a spring attachment, which makes amuch simpler attachment to cushion the inward and outward movement of the governor.

By using a double-wound spring-that is I to say, the steel being double at theend that is connected to the clamp, and wound both ways-t0 a nut on end Whererod isattached :I get the benefit of two springs combined in 1 one on each arm.

Each of the balls G is formed with a pro- This governor is not confined in its use only to the outside of the wheel, as it can be readily adapted for use on the inside of. the wheel by increasing the pin B to a sufficient size to go over the main engine-shaft on the inside of the wheel and placing an eccentric of sufiicientsize to go round the engine-shaft 1or rocker 0.

Having thus described my invention, what Iclaim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a centrifugal governor mechanism, the combination, with the shaft andtthe governorwheel, a'pivot-pin projected from the hub of the wheel eccentric to its axis, arocker-plate j ournaled on such pinand connected withthe pivotal governor-arms, the valve-pin D, cocentrical'ly j ournaled on therocker-plate, such journal being normally over the axis of the wheel when the governor-balls are at their normal innermost position,a1l arranged substantially as shown, and for the purposes described.

2. The combination, with the supportingwheel, the rocker-plate O, journaled thereon near the center of the main shaft, said plate having a counterpoise at one end and carrying the eccentric-pin D at its other end and formed with opposite lateral extensions 0 c and a cushion device, substantially asshown, mounted on the wheel and having its nlunger-rod connected with the rocker-plate, of

springs J, and the arms 0, pivotally connected at their opposite ends to the balls G and the extensions 0 0 all arranged as shown, and for the purpose described.

3. The combination, with the wheel, the governor-arms Hand halls G, and means for imparting a centripetal action thereto, of the plate A, having stops P P, the rocker-plate journaled thereon near the center of the main shaft, having a stop-lug, the eccentric -pin mounted on said rocker-plate, and the oppositely-disposed connecting-arms O, pivotally connected to the rocker-plate and the balls G, substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. In a governor mechanism, substantially as described, the combination, with the wheelhub, the eccentric rocker-plate O, pivoted thereon, of the pivoted arms H, having their outer ends reduced and threaded, as at h, the balls G, having an enlarged bore adapted to receive the lower portion of the arms H, and a reduced threaded portion adapted to receive the threaded ends of said arms, and the arms 0, pivotally connected at their ends with the balls and with the rocker-plate, all substantially as and for the purpose described.

5. In a governor mechanism, substantially as described,the combination,with the wheel and the centrifugal governing mechanism, including the hinged arms H, of the adjustable clamps I, the double-wound springs J, connected at their free ends to the clamps I and at their looped ends to screw-nuts K, and the adj usting-rods L, connected with the nuts K and the wheel-rim, substantially as and for the purpose described.

6. In a governor mechanism, essentially as described, the combination, with the wheel and the combined centripetal and centrifugal acting weighted arms H, pivoted thereto, of the plate A, having journal B, the rocking plate 0, mounted thereon, having a lubricating-reservoir 10, and a channel 11, communicating therewith, the eccentric-pin D, journaled on such plate, formed with a lubricantreceiving channel 12, communicating with the channel 11, the cap-plate E, held on the pin D, and the arms 0, connecting the rocker-plate and the balls G on the arms H, all arranged substantially as and for the purpose described.

7. In a centrifugal governor, the combination, with the wheel rocker-plate C, eccentrically journalled on the hub thereof, the swinging balls G, the arms 0, connecting the balls and the rocker-plate, said rocker-plate having an extension 0 of the cylinder S, secured to the wheel, the piston R, working therein, and the rod Q, connecting the piston and the rocker-arm extension 0 substantially as and for the purpose described.

MARTIN A. GREEN.

Witnesses:

M. D. OoUoH, JOHN L. RIPPoRD.