US508714A - Method of and apparatus for handling or controlling quicksand - Google Patents
Method of and apparatus for handling or controlling quicksand Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US508714A US508714A US508714DA US508714A US 508714 A US508714 A US 508714A US 508714D A US508714D A US 508714DA US 508714 A US508714 A US 508714A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- quicksand
- wells
- controlling
- handling
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- KHOITXIGCFIULA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alophen Chemical compound C1=CC(OC(=O)C)=CC=C1C(C=1N=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=C(OC(C)=O)C=C1 KHOITXIGCFIULA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000035744 Hura crepitans Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/18—Making embankments, e.g. dikes, dams
Definitions
- This invention relates to the construction of sewers and other excavations where layers of quicksand or equivalent material are liable to be encountered.
- Figure 1 represents a transverse section of a sewer-excavation, showing quicksand-quieting apparatus embodying my invention.
- Fig. 2 represents a top View of a portion of the excavation.
- a represents a trench or excavation, which has been dug through a stratum b of clay, overlying a stratum c of fine sand or Silt, known as quicksand, the latter overlying a stratum d of coarse gravel, which may be supposed to be supplied with water under suificient pressure to cause the water to rise through the quicksand to a considerable height in the trench a. Under these circumstances, it is found that the quicksand is raised by the water pressure and boils upwardly intothe trench, creating very serious obstruction to the Work. I have over- Serial N0.480,566.
- NomodeL nomodeL
- a series of wells e each of which is or may be an ordinary driven well having a suitable perforating point and strainer at its lower end.
- Said wells are connected. at their upper ends by means of pipes fand couplings f with a suitable pump g,which, as hereshown, is a duplex steam pump, receiving the water through a sand-box g.
- a suitable pump g which, as hereshown, is a duplex steam pump, receiving the water through a sand-box g.
- I have driven the wells about eight feet (8) apart, and have connected about eight (8) or ten (10) wells to one pump.
- I have found that, after pumping a few hours, the boiling springs of quicksand entirely ceased, and the quicksand remaining in the trench was solidified to such an extent that it could be readily shoveled out.
- the wells may be driven so that their lower ends will be within the stratum c of quicksand, instead of in the lower stratum d, in which case the wells should be provided with jacket-strainers, adapted to prevent the admission of sand to the wells to such an extent as to obstruct the same.
- I claim 1 Theimproved method of making trenches in or over quicksand or silt, the same consisting in removing water from the quicksand simultaneously from a number of points or localities in the quicksand,.thereby solidifying the latter, and then removing the solidified quicksand, as set forth.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Description
(No Model.)
- O. HORTON.
METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR HANDLING OR GONTROLLING QUIGKSAND.
No. 508,714. Patented Nov. 14, 1893.
INVENTUR m2 NATIONAL umueRAPnms COMPANY. WASHINGTON. o, r:v
UNITED STAT -s PATENT OFFICE.
CALVIN HOR TON',OF SOMERVILLE, MASSACHUSETTS.
METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR HA ND LING OR CONTROLLING QUICKSAND.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters latent No. 508,714, dated November 14, 1893.
Application filed July 1893.
' To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, CALVIN HORTON, of
Somerville, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of and Apparatus for Handling or Controlling Qulcksand, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to the construction of sewers and other excavations where layers of quicksand or equivalent material are liable to be encountered.
In the construction of the metropolitan system of sewerage now in progress in Boston and vicinity, much difficulty has been experienced in certain locations from quicksand below the excavation, said quicksand. being raised by water from a water-bearing stratum of gravel below it, the water being under pressure, so that it carries the quicksand upwardly through the intermediate earth or clay into the trench or excavation, causing what are known as boiling springs of quicksand, the result being a very serious accumulation of quicksand in the trench and the demoralization of the walls or supports of the trench. In proceeding to remedy this difficulty, I have made the invention which I will now proceed to describe and claim,
0f the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification: Figure 1 represents a transverse section of a sewer-excavation, showing quicksand-quieting apparatus embodying my invention. Fig. 2 represents a top View of a portion of the excavation.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in both the figures.
Referring to Fig. 1, a represents a trench or excavation, which has been dug through a stratum b of clay, overlying a stratum c of fine sand or Silt, known as quicksand, the latter overlying a stratum d of coarse gravel, which may be supposed to be supplied with water under suificient pressure to cause the water to rise through the quicksand to a considerable height in the trench a. Under these circumstances, it is found that the quicksand is raised by the water pressure and boils upwardly intothe trench, creating very serious obstruction to the Work. I have over- Serial N0.480,566. (NomodeL) come this difficulty by driving a series of wells e, each of which is or may be an ordinary driven well having a suitable perforating point and strainer at its lower end. Said wells are connected. at their upper ends by means of pipes fand couplings f with a suitable pump g,which, as hereshown, is a duplex steam pump, receiving the water through a sand-box g. In practice, I have driven the wells about eight feet (8) apart, and have connected about eight (8) or ten (10) wells to one pump. I have found that, after pumping a few hours, the boiling springs of quicksand entirely ceased, and the quicksand remaining in the trench was solidified to such an extent that it could be readily shoveled out. I also found that, when it was necessary to excavate directly from the layer 0 of quicksand, the removal of water, as above described, so quieted and solidified the quicksand that it could be freely handled with a shovel.
The wells may be driven so that their lower ends will be within the stratum c of quicksand, instead of in the lower stratum d, in which case the wells should be provided with jacket-strainers, adapted to prevent the admission of sand to the wells to such an extent as to obstruct the same.
I claim 1. Theimproved method of making trenches in or over quicksand or silt, the same consisting in removing water from the quicksand simultaneously from a number of points or localities in the quicksand,.thereby solidifying the latter, and then removing the solidified quicksand, as set forth.
2. The improved. method of making excavations in or over quicksand or silt, the same consisting in driving a series of tubular wells below the material to be excavated, connecting said wells with a pump, simultaneously drawing water through said wells and thereby quieting or solidifying the quicksand, and then removing the solidified quicksand.
3. As a means for controlling quicksand or silt in trenches, the combination of a series of driven wells, couplings f connected with the upper ends of said wells, pipes fconnecting said couplings, said pipes and couplings constituting a conduit with which all the two subscribing witnesses, tl1is 7th day of driven wells communicate, and a pump con- July, A. D. 1893.
nected with said conduit and adapted to draw CALVIN HORTON. slmultaneously from all the wells of the se- 5 ries, as set forth. Witnesses:
In testimony whereof I have signed my C. F. BROWN,
name to this specification, in the presence of A. D. HARRISON.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US508714A true US508714A (en) | 1893-11-14 |
Family
ID=2577543
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US508714D Expired - Lifetime US508714A (en) | Method of and apparatus for handling or controlling quicksand |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US508714A (en) |
-
0
- US US508714D patent/US508714A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| KR101664368B1 (en) | A cast-in place pile arrangement method for head of concrete pile exposed to outside using geo tube | |
| JP7018799B2 (en) | Water collection method using steel earth retaining material and steel earth retaining material | |
| KR102055124B1 (en) | Leading pipe propulsion system with improved directionality and propulsion method using thereof | |
| US3326003A (en) | Method of forming ground cut-off wall | |
| US508714A (en) | Method of and apparatus for handling or controlling quicksand | |
| Angel et al. | Groundwater Control Issues in Transportation Engineering: A Short Review of Dewatering Methods and Lessons Learned. | |
| US1089380A (en) | Sidewalk. | |
| JP5880060B2 (en) | Structure and method for suppressing level difference between building and surrounding ground caused by ground subsidence | |
| US2580017A (en) | Caisson | |
| AU716745B2 (en) | Novel draining wall, method for producing same and element implementated thereby | |
| US464771A (en) | harris | |
| CN111042144B (en) | Excavation method for foundation pit of underground beam under condition of continuous flow of riverway in cold region | |
| KR200336460Y1 (en) | foundation bottom permanent drainage structure using trench and drainage member | |
| KR100538398B1 (en) | The method of construction (KY-5 Pipejacking and propulsion method) and apparatus for propulsion based on soft and weak layer soil | |
| JP7671124B2 (en) | How to build a tunnel | |
| US563106A (en) | Method of and apparatus foe sinkinc caissons fob | |
| Cashman et al. | Groundwater control for tunnelling projects | |
| US922106A (en) | System of foundations for compressible, submerged, or moist ground. | |
| KR20150108342A (en) | Underground water drainage system of excavated ground and pipeline construction method using the same | |
| Dam et al. | Dewatering experiences in deep excavation–Case studies in Vietnam | |
| JP2953843B2 (en) | Pipe line laying method by non-cutting propulsion method | |
| Ahmed et al. | Shoring for Deep Excavation in Urban Khartoum, Sudan | |
| KR20050029332A (en) | Basic bottom permanent drainage structure using trench and drainage member and it's construction method | |
| US1088152A (en) | Tunnel and method of constructing same. | |
| US1125848A (en) | Method of harnessing the underflow adjacent to streams in sandy strata. |