US4964437A - Apparatus and method for control of oil leakage from damaged tanker - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for control of oil leakage from damaged tanker Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US4964437A
US4964437A US07/451,103 US45110389A US4964437A US 4964437 A US4964437 A US 4964437A US 45110389 A US45110389 A US 45110389A US 4964437 A US4964437 A US 4964437A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
tanker
oil
cargo
tank
ballast
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US07/451,103
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Edmund G. Tornay
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Energy Transportation Group Inc
Original Assignee
Energy Transportation Group Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Energy Transportation Group Inc filed Critical Energy Transportation Group Inc
Assigned to ENERGY TRANSPORTATION GROUP, INC., A CORP. OF DE reassignment ENERGY TRANSPORTATION GROUP, INC., A CORP. OF DE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: TORNAY, EDMUND G.
Priority to US07/451,103 priority Critical patent/US4964437A/en
Priority to NO90904549A priority patent/NO904549L/no
Publication of US4964437A publication Critical patent/US4964437A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Priority to ES90203040T priority patent/ES2045771T3/es
Priority to DK90203040T priority patent/DK0432819T3/da
Priority to EP19900203040 priority patent/EP0432819B1/de
Priority to JP2328737A priority patent/JPH03208792A/ja
Priority to BR9006314A priority patent/BR9006314A/pt
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/082—Arrangements for minimizing pollution by accidents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/0318—Processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/4673—Plural tanks or compartments with parallel flow
    • Y10T137/4807—Tank type manifold [i.e., one tank supplies or receives from at least two others]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/6851—With casing, support, protector or static constructional installations
    • Y10T137/6855—Vehicle
    • Y10T137/6906—Aerial or water-supported [e.g., airplane or ship, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7287—Liquid level responsive or maintaining systems
    • Y10T137/7313—Control of outflow from tank

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to tankers for carriage of liquids such as oil and, more particularly, to apparatus for control of cargo leakage from a damaged tanker.
  • the outflow of cargo from a damaged tanker is minimized, according to the invention, by transferring liquid cargo out of the upper part of any damaged cargo tank and, at the same time, keeping the reduction of draft at the damaged area to a minimum.
  • This is accomplished by installing valves and piping though selected bulkheads to connect each cargo tank to one or more ballast tanks and providing instrumentation and controls responsive to the occurrence of damage sufficient to cause cargo tank leakage for opening one or more valves to allow oil to flow, by gravity, from the upper part of the damaged cargo tank or tanks to one or more ballast tanks which, if the tanker were fully loaded, would be empty.
  • the amount will be reduced by the predictable and substantial flow to the ballast tank, the relative amounts lost overboard and transferred to the ballast tank or tanks depending on the relative sizes of the interconnecting piping and the opening in the hull.
  • the flow through the interconnecting piping to the ballast tanks will be at a much higher velocity than the flow overboard because the driving head of pressure is the full height of the cargo above the connection through the bulkhead, whereas the driving head of the overboard leakage is the height of the oil in the cargo tank above the water line, the former being at least twice the latter.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic elevation cross-sectional view of an oil tanker of the segregated ballast type
  • FIG. 2 is a midship section of the tanker, taken along line 2--2 in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic plan view of the tanker
  • FIGS. 4A, 4B and 4C are symbolic diagrams of three different pipe fittings.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram showing an instrumentation and control system for the system according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 114 3 diagrammatically illustrate an oil tanker 10 of the "segregated ballast" type which, as required by internationally standardized regulations, is sub-divided by longitudinal bulkheads 12, 14 and transverse bulkheads 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26 to form a plurality of tanks, numbered (1) to (5) from bow to stern in FIG. 3, some of which are dedicated for carriage of cargo oil and others of which are dedicated for carriage of sea water ballast, designated "C" and "B", respectively.
  • the longitudinal bulkheads 12 and 14 together with portions of the transverse bulkheads define five center cargo oil tanks, and bulkheads 12 and 14 together with the hull and other portions of the transverse bulkheads define two sets of wing tanks alternately dedicated for cargo oil and ballast.
  • ballast tanks be used only for sea water ballast, in the practice of the present invention they are used as a receptacle for cargo oil in the event one or more cargo tanks are damaged, such use being justified on the grounds that containment is preferable to outflow of oil, and that the ballast tanks can, in any case, be cleaned.
  • ballast tanks When the tanker is fully loaded all of the cargo tanks "CO" are filled almost to the top and the ballast tanks are all empty or nearly empty.
  • valves and associated piping are installed on the bulkheads to connect each cargo tank to one or more ballast tanks.
  • paired sluice valves 30 with a connecting pipe or fitting are installed in selected bulkheads shared by a cargo tank and a ballast tank. The selection of ballast tanks to be connected to each cargo tank would depend on the number and arrangement of the tanks on the ship.
  • a pipe fitting 32 known as a "cross" and symbolically illustrated in FIG.
  • Each arm of the fitting includes a respective valve 30 and actuator 40, the opening of any two of which with allow flow of liquid therethrough.
  • one arm of the "cross" is disposed in a ballast tank and each of the other three arms is disposed in a cargo tank.
  • the center cargo tank and one of the wing cargo tanks of numbered tank (3) are connected to a wing ballast tank of numbered tank (2) with a "T" pipe fitting 34, of the type illustrated in FIG. 4B, installed in an opening located at the intersection of longitudinal bulkhead 12 with transverse bulkhead 22.
  • the other wing cargo tank of numbered tank (3) is connected to the other wing ballast tank of numbered tank (2) with a fitting 36 of the kind illustrated in FIG. 4C installed in the transverse bulkhead 22 which separates them.
  • each connection between a cargo tank and a ballast tank has two valves in series, as required by regulations, to prevent contamination of ballast due to minor valve leakage in normal operation.
  • valves are preferably of the butterfly type, mainly because of their relatively lower cost in large sizes and, typically, may have a diameter in the range between one foot and four feet; the choice of valve and piping size is a tradeoff between the cost of the valves and associated piping and the time it will take to transfer sufficient oil out of the upper part of any damaged tank into one or more ballast tanks to stop the flow of oil out of the hull.
  • Each of the valves of which there are twenty-one in the arrangement illustrated in FIG. 3, are installed on a bulkhead at a vertical height above the tanker's bottom corresponding approximately to the tanker's beam divided by 15 so as to have the benefit of the maximum head while minimizing the possibility of damage to the sluice valves due to the grounding.
  • each valve is equipped with a valve actuator 40 which is operative responsively to an applied control signal to quickly open (or close) its associated valve.
  • the computer Upon receipt of a signal from one or more sensor, the computer sounds an alarm 46 and applies a control signal to each of the valve actuators 40 appropriate to open the sluice valves that will minimize oil outflow.
  • the computer 44 is preprogrammed to open the appropriate sluice valves so as to redistribute the cargo to minimize overboard leakage and at the same time control trim, heel, sinkage and stability of the vessel within safe limits.
  • the instrumentation preferably includes an override control 48 and display panel (not shown) mounted on the bridge of the tanker for enabling manual operation of the valves 30 should conditions require.
  • the senor 42 in the affected cargo tank or tanks transmits an output signal to the computer 44 which, in turn, causes appropriate valves to automatically open to allow oil to flow from the upper part of the damaged cargo tank or tanks to a selected ballast tank or tanks, which would be empty. Although some oil will continue to go overboard, the amount will be reduced by the substantial flow of oil to the ballast tank or tanks, the volume of which and, accordingly, the time required to drop the oil level in the damaged tank to just above the water level, are predictable.
  • the relative amounts lost overboard and sluiced to the ballast tank or tanks depends on the relative sizes of the sluice line and the rupture in the cargo tank or tanks.
  • the flow of oil through the sluice line to the ballast tanks will be at a much higher velocity than the flow overboard because the pressure head is the height of the cargo above the sluice valve, whereas the driving head of the overboard leakage is the height of the cargo above the water line.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Pipeline Systems (AREA)
  • Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
US07/451,103 1989-12-15 1989-12-15 Apparatus and method for control of oil leakage from damaged tanker Expired - Fee Related US4964437A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/451,103 US4964437A (en) 1989-12-15 1989-12-15 Apparatus and method for control of oil leakage from damaged tanker
NO90904549A NO904549L (no) 1989-12-15 1990-10-22 Anordning og fremgangsmaate for styring av oljelekkasje fra en oedelagt tank.
EP19900203040 EP0432819B1 (de) 1989-12-15 1990-11-15 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Überwachen von Ölleckagen aus einem beschädigten Tankschiff
ES90203040T ES2045771T3 (es) 1989-12-15 1990-11-15 Aparato y metodo para el control de fuga de petroleo de un petrolero averiado.
DK90203040T DK0432819T3 (da) 1989-12-15 1990-11-15 Apparat og fremgangsmåde til overvågning af olielækage fra et beskadiget tankskib
JP2328737A JPH03208792A (ja) 1989-12-15 1990-11-28 損傷したタンカからの石油漏れを制御する装置及び方法
BR9006314A BR9006314A (pt) 1989-12-15 1990-12-12 Aparelho para minimizar o fluxo para fora de liquido a partir de uma ruptura em um ou mais tanques de carga de um petroleiro,aparelho para controlar o vazamento de petroleo de um petroleiro e metodo para controlar o vazamento de petroleo de um tanque danificado

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/451,103 US4964437A (en) 1989-12-15 1989-12-15 Apparatus and method for control of oil leakage from damaged tanker

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4964437A true US4964437A (en) 1990-10-23

Family

ID=23790814

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US07/451,103 Expired - Fee Related US4964437A (en) 1989-12-15 1989-12-15 Apparatus and method for control of oil leakage from damaged tanker

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4964437A (de)
EP (1) EP0432819B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH03208792A (de)
BR (1) BR9006314A (de)
DK (1) DK0432819T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2045771T3 (de)
NO (1) NO904549L (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0455289A1 (de) * 1990-04-19 1991-11-06 Energy Transportation Group, Inc. Ventilanordnung
WO1992008640A1 (en) * 1990-11-13 1992-05-29 John Brian Lund Tankers
EP0522208A1 (de) * 1991-07-10 1993-01-13 Energy Transportation Group, Inc. System zum Überwachen von Ölleckagen aus einem beschädigten Tankschiff
US5181547A (en) * 1991-09-27 1993-01-26 Midland Enterprises Inc. Liquid spill device arrangement for liquid transfer in a closed system
EP0553922A1 (de) * 1992-01-27 1993-08-04 Energy Transportation Group, Inc. System zum Überwachen von Ölleckagen aus einem beschädigten Tankschiff
US20160342161A1 (en) * 2015-05-22 2016-11-24 Crescent Services, L.L.C. Tank Filling, Monitoring and Control System
US10173752B2 (en) * 2015-10-13 2019-01-08 Mitsubishi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. Ship
CN109322752A (zh) * 2018-09-29 2019-02-12 南通航海机械集团有限公司 一种船舶燃油智能控制系统及控制方法
CN111897279A (zh) * 2020-07-06 2020-11-06 南通航海机械集团有限公司 一种船舶燃油自动调驳控制系统

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4030018A1 (de) * 1990-09-21 1992-03-26 Paraskevopoulos George Tankschiff
DE4121175C1 (de) * 1991-06-22 1992-11-05 Howaldtswerke - Deutsche Werft Ag, 2300 Kiel, De
US5353728A (en) * 1993-12-17 1994-10-11 Marine Safety Systems Inc. Centrally-located-ballast-tank vessel
KR100939282B1 (ko) * 2008-03-03 2010-01-28 이문영 유류 유출 방지 기능의 유조

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1263679A (en) * 1915-06-26 1918-04-23 Otto B Kibele Pumping system.
US1888667A (en) * 1930-10-28 1932-11-22 Siemens Ag Stabilizing device for ships
US3334608A (en) * 1963-03-16 1967-08-08 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Method and apparatus for establishing draft and trim of a vessel
US3745960A (en) * 1971-05-06 1973-07-17 Exxon Research Engineering Co Tanker vessel
US3812807A (en) * 1971-04-14 1974-05-28 Mitsui Shipbuilding Eng Cargo vessel for carrying liquid cargo
US3832966A (en) * 1973-07-26 1974-09-03 E Garcia Method of building tankers for preventing oil spills in case of wreck
US3906880A (en) * 1974-12-19 1975-09-23 Floyd E Hebert Oil recovery apparatus for a tanker
US3916811A (en) * 1974-08-29 1975-11-04 Sun Oil Co Pennsylvania Tide compensation system
US4313390A (en) * 1979-03-14 1982-02-02 Yamashita-Shinnihon Steamship Co., Ltd. Tanker construction
US4549267A (en) * 1983-06-10 1985-10-22 Drabouski Jr Stephen J Moment stability system for large vessels

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3859944A (en) * 1972-10-24 1975-01-14 Gifford D Warner Tanker integrity system
US4389959A (en) * 1978-06-09 1983-06-28 Conway Charles S Cargo handling system for tanker vessels

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1263679A (en) * 1915-06-26 1918-04-23 Otto B Kibele Pumping system.
US1888667A (en) * 1930-10-28 1932-11-22 Siemens Ag Stabilizing device for ships
US3334608A (en) * 1963-03-16 1967-08-08 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Method and apparatus for establishing draft and trim of a vessel
US3812807A (en) * 1971-04-14 1974-05-28 Mitsui Shipbuilding Eng Cargo vessel for carrying liquid cargo
US3745960A (en) * 1971-05-06 1973-07-17 Exxon Research Engineering Co Tanker vessel
US3832966A (en) * 1973-07-26 1974-09-03 E Garcia Method of building tankers for preventing oil spills in case of wreck
US3916811A (en) * 1974-08-29 1975-11-04 Sun Oil Co Pennsylvania Tide compensation system
US3906880A (en) * 1974-12-19 1975-09-23 Floyd E Hebert Oil recovery apparatus for a tanker
US4313390A (en) * 1979-03-14 1982-02-02 Yamashita-Shinnihon Steamship Co., Ltd. Tanker construction
US4549267A (en) * 1983-06-10 1985-10-22 Drabouski Jr Stephen J Moment stability system for large vessels

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0455289A1 (de) * 1990-04-19 1991-11-06 Energy Transportation Group, Inc. Ventilanordnung
WO1992008640A1 (en) * 1990-11-13 1992-05-29 John Brian Lund Tankers
EP0522208A1 (de) * 1991-07-10 1993-01-13 Energy Transportation Group, Inc. System zum Überwachen von Ölleckagen aus einem beschädigten Tankschiff
US5181547A (en) * 1991-09-27 1993-01-26 Midland Enterprises Inc. Liquid spill device arrangement for liquid transfer in a closed system
EP0553922A1 (de) * 1992-01-27 1993-08-04 Energy Transportation Group, Inc. System zum Überwachen von Ölleckagen aus einem beschädigten Tankschiff
US5240026A (en) * 1992-01-27 1993-08-31 Energy Transportation Group, Inc. System for control of oil leakage from damaged tanker
US20160342161A1 (en) * 2015-05-22 2016-11-24 Crescent Services, L.L.C. Tank Filling, Monitoring and Control System
US10173752B2 (en) * 2015-10-13 2019-01-08 Mitsubishi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. Ship
CN109322752A (zh) * 2018-09-29 2019-02-12 南通航海机械集团有限公司 一种船舶燃油智能控制系统及控制方法
CN111897279A (zh) * 2020-07-06 2020-11-06 南通航海机械集团有限公司 一种船舶燃油自动调驳控制系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR9006314A (pt) 1991-09-24
DK0432819T3 (da) 1993-12-27
EP0432819A1 (de) 1991-06-19
NO904549D0 (no) 1990-10-22
EP0432819B1 (de) 1993-10-13
NO904549L (no) 1991-06-17
JPH03208792A (ja) 1991-09-11
ES2045771T3 (es) 1994-01-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4964437A (en) Apparatus and method for control of oil leakage from damaged tanker
JP4611744B2 (ja) 船のバラストタンクのバラスト水の交換方法及び装置
US4321016A (en) Apparatus for continuous slurry displacement transfer
US5285745A (en) System to reduce spillage of oil due to rupture of the tanks of unmanned barges
US4715309A (en) Device for the handling of liquids
US2048312A (en) Ship for carrying fluids in bulk
EP0522208A1 (de) System zum Überwachen von Ölleckagen aus einem beschädigten Tankschiff
US20090242566A1 (en) Multi-Product Tank
CA1157709A (en) Tanker vessel construction
KR100310898B1 (ko) 제수형격벽을구비한유조선
CN105026257A (zh) 封闭的倾斜度改变系统
US5353728A (en) Centrally-located-ballast-tank vessel
RU2130799C1 (ru) Устройство для дренажа жидкостей
US20090120861A1 (en) Plant for Recovering a Polluting Fluid Contained in the Tanks of a Sunken Vessel
US3812807A (en) Cargo vessel for carrying liquid cargo
US5156109A (en) System to reduce spillage of oil due to rupture of ship's tank
US5240026A (en) System for control of oil leakage from damaged tanker
US5388541A (en) Tanker ship design for reducing cargo spillage
US5074715A (en) Oil storage system
US3195497A (en) Tank stabilizing system for a ship and the like
AU2003300624A1 (en) Installation for the recovery of a polluting fluid contained in at least one transverse section of the tanks of a sunken vessel
JPS60236893A (ja) 浮体の姿勢制御装置
US3353549A (en) Liquid flow control systems
EP0611692A1 (de) Verfahren zum Schiffstransport von Öl und Behälter zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens
SU887354A1 (ru) Система компенсации крена плавучего средства

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: ENERGY TRANSPORTATION GROUP, INC., A CORP. OF DE,

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:TORNAY, EDMUND G.;REEL/FRAME:005202/0140

Effective date: 19891214

FPAY Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 4

REMI Maintenance fee reminder mailed
LAPS Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
FP Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee

Effective date: 19981023

STCH Information on status: patent discontinuation

Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362