US4961341A - Testing device for an oxygen sensor - Google Patents

Testing device for an oxygen sensor Download PDF

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Publication number
US4961341A
US4961341A US07/356,440 US35644089A US4961341A US 4961341 A US4961341 A US 4961341A US 35644089 A US35644089 A US 35644089A US 4961341 A US4961341 A US 4961341A
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United States
Prior art keywords
synthetic gas
oxygen
gas
oxygen sensor
gas passage
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Expired - Lifetime
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US07/356,440
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English (en)
Inventor
Masashi Tanaka
Shigekazu Yamauchi
Masaru Mikita
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Mitsubishi Motors Corp
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Mitsubishi Motors Corp
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Assigned to MITSUBISHI JIDOSHA KOGYO KABUSHIKI KAISHA reassignment MITSUBISHI JIDOSHA KOGYO KABUSHIKI KAISHA ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: MIKITA, MASARU, TANAKA, MASASHI, YAMAUCHI, SHIGEKAZU
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Assigned to MITSUBISHI JIDOSHA KOGYO K.K. (A.K.A. MITSUBISHI MOTORS CORPORATION) reassignment MITSUBISHI JIDOSHA KOGYO K.K. (A.K.A. MITSUBISHI MOTORS CORPORATION) CHANGE OF ADDRESS Assignors: MITSUBISHI JIDOSHA KOGYO K.K.
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D45/00—Electrical control not provided for in groups F02D41/00 - F02D43/00
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/416—Systems
    • G01N27/417—Systems using cells, i.e. more than one cell and probes with solid electrolytes
    • G01N27/4175—Calibrating or checking the analyser
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
    • G01N33/007—Arrangements to check the analyser
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a testing device to test and evaluate the performance of an oxygen sensor used in an air/fuel ratio control or the like of an internal combustion engine for a vehicle.
  • Ratio of air and fuel, or air/fuel ratio, of the air/fuel mixture supplied to an internal combustion engine is controlled in accordance with the operating conditions of the vehicle to suppress noxious substances in the exhaust gas and/or to enhance the thermal efficiency of the engine.
  • This control is performed using an oxygen sensor (O 2 sensor) for detecting oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas and an air/fuel ratio control device for controlling the air/fuel ratio fo the air/fuel mixture.
  • the oxygen sensor is employed to feedback control the air/fuel control device in dependence on the output of the O 2 sensor, so that the air/fuel ratio of the air/fuel mixture is near the stoichiometric mixture ratio.
  • the O 2 sensor used in air/fuel ratio control is tested and evaluated for its output and response characteristics using a testing device.
  • Conventional testing devices include those which use combustion gas of a propane burner to test O 2 sensors, and those which use exhaust gas of an actual engine to test O 2 sensors.
  • output and response characteristics of O 2 sensors are evaluated using the combustion gas.
  • the device using an actual engine uses a computer to control the composition of air/fuel mixture to higher fuel concentrations than the stoichiometric mixture ratio (rich condition) or lower fuel concentrations than the stoichiometric mixture ratio (lean condition), and output and response characteristics of O 2 sensors are evaluated using exhaust gas close to that of actual vehicles under rich, lean, and transient conditions.
  • the O 2 sensor using a propane burner since it is not able to evaluate exact characteristics because the composition of the combustion gas differs from that of actual exhaust gas, is used only for confirmation of quality control of O 2 sensors.
  • Evaluation of O 2 sensors using exhaust gas of an actual engine is expected to provide the same results as evaluation of exhaust gas of actual vehicles.
  • the engine varies in characteristics as it is operated for an extended period of time, and, if the engine is replaced with another one, evaluation results may differ even for the same O 2 sensor, with poor test reliability.
  • the air/fuel ratio of mixture varies from rich to lean condition, or lean to rich condition, or when such variation occurs abruptly, conditions which are most important to evaluate the characteristics of O 2 sensors, the engine must be operated at a high speed and under a heavy load. This adversely affects the engine and impairs the reproducibility of the test. Therefore, evaluation of O 2 sensors has been reliable only when the engine is operated at a low speed and with a light load. Evaluation of characteristics of O 2 sensors has been inaccurate when the air/fuel ratio of mixture varies largely or abruptly.
  • an oxygen sensor is disposed in a rear stage of a synthetic gas passage to evaluate the oxygen sensor using a synthetic gas supplied to the synthetic gas passage.
  • a sulfur dioxide gas passage supplied with sulfur dioxide gas communicates with a front stage of the synthetic gas passage, thereby evaluation of the oxygen sensor using the synthetic gas admixed with sulfur dioxide.
  • variation rate and variation condition of the gas composition can be flexibly selected to simulate changes in air/fuel ratio of rich or lean conditions with good reproducibility.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of the testing device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross sectional view of a sensor holder.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing relation between synthetic gas composition and response of an O 2 sensor.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing relation between electromotive force of an O 2 sensor and O 2 excess rate when using a synthetic gas containing SO 2 .
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing relation between electromotive force of an O 2 sensor and O 2 excess rate when using a synthetic gas not containing SO 2 .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing structure of an embodiment of the testing device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross sectional view of a sensor holder.
  • a sensor holder 2 is disposed in a rear stage of a synthetic gas passage 1.
  • the sensor holder 2 holds an O 2 sensor 3 which is tested using a synthetic gas supplied into the synthetic gas passage 1.
  • the sensor holder 2 is provided with a gas passage 5 in a high-temperature insulation layer 4, and the O 2 sensor 3 is held in a gas chamber 6 of the gas passage 5.
  • the gas chamber 6 is provided with a thermocouple 7 to measure the gas temperature in the gas chamber 6.
  • a front stage of the synthetic gas passage 1 communicates with gas cylinders and tanks for gases comprising the synthetic gas.
  • a first cylinder 8 is filled with sulfur dioxide gas (SO 2 ) and nitrogen gas (N 2 ); a second cylinder 9 with oxygen gas (O 2 ); a third cylinder 10 with nitrogen gas (N 2 ); a fourth cylinder 11 with carbon dioxide gas (CO 2 ); a fifth cylinder 12 with carbon monoxide gas (CO), hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and nitrogen gas (N 2 ); a sixth cylinder 13 with a hydrocarbon gas (HC) and nitrogen gas (N 2 ); a seventh cylinder 14 with nitrous oxide gas (NO) and nitrogen gas (N 2 ); and, a tank 15 with water (H 2 O).
  • the first cylinder 8 communicates with the synthetic gas passage 1 through a flow metering device 28 and a sulfur dioxide passage 29.
  • the second to seventh cylinders 9 to 14 communicate with the synthetic gas passage 1 through flow metering devices 16.
  • the tank 15 communicates with the synthetic gas passage 1 through a pressure controller 17.
  • the target value of sulfur dioxide is set to a value set on the basis of the sulfur content of a fuel for the internal combustion engine (e.g. 16 ppm for gasoline as a fuel, as described later in detail).
  • a middle stage of the synthetic gas passage 1 is provided by an electric furnace 18 as a heating device, which is ON/OFF controlled in response to a signal from a temperature controller 19.
  • the synthetic gas passage 1 is provided in front of the sensor holder 2 with a thermocouple 20 as a temperature sensor, which is connected to the temperature controller 19.
  • the temperature of the synthetic gas in front of the sensor holder 2 is measured by the thermocouple 20 and, according to the temperature measured, the electric furnace 18 is ON/OFF controlled through the temperature controller 19 to adjust the temperature of the synthetic gas with which the O 2 sensor 3 is tested.
  • an eighth cylinder 21 is filled with CO, H 2 , and N 2
  • a ninth cylinder 22 is filled with O 2 and N 2
  • the eighth cylinder 21 and the ninth cylinder 22 are respectively connected to a synchronous electromagnetic valve 25 through a pressure controller 23 and a flow meter 24.
  • One outlet of the synchronous electromagnetic valve 25 communicates with the synthetic gas passage 1 at a position between the electric furance 18 and the sensor holder 2, specifically between the electric furnace 18 and the thermocouple 20, and the other outlet communicates with an open passage 30.
  • the gas in the eighth cylinder 21 and the gas in the ninth cylinder 22 are selectively fed into the synthetic gas passage 1 to selectively simulate exhaust gases of rich condition and lean condition.
  • the ratio of the rich and lean conditions is controlled by the pressure controller 23 and the rate of change in rich and lean conditions is controlled by switching timing of the synchronous electromagnetic valve 25. Since the synchronous electromagnetic valve 25 is arranged to instantly switch the connection of the eighth cylinder 21 and the ninth cylinder 22 with the synthetic gas passage 1 and the open passage 30, the eighth cylinder 21 and the ninth cylinder 22 are always connected either to the synthetic gas passage 1 or the open passage 30. The flow rates of gases supplied from the cylinders 21 and 22 are almost constant, and a gas of the desired flow rate is introduced into the synthetic gas passage 1 even immediately after switching the synchronous electromagnetic valve 25.
  • numeral 26 indicates a pen recorder
  • numeral 27 indicates an analyzer for analyzing the measurement results of the O 2 sensor 3.
  • the pen recorder 26 and the analyzer 27 function as monitor devices for monitoring the output of the O 2 sensor 3.
  • SO 2 in the first cylinder 8 is fed to the synthetic gas passage 1 through the sulfur dioxide gas passage 29, to add SO 2 to a gas from the second cylinder 9 to the ninth cylinder 14, and the synthetic gas containing SO 2 .
  • the temperature of the synthetic gas containing SO 2 is measured by the thermocouple 20, and operation of the electric funace 18 is controlled through the temperature controller 19 to adjust the temperature of the SO 2 -containing synthetic gas at a specified value.
  • the temperature-controlled SO 2 -containing synthetic gas is introduced from the gas passage 5 to the gas chamber 6, where it diffuses and is detected by the O 2 sensor 3.
  • the detection results are recorded by the pen recorder 26, the data is analyzed by the analyzer 27, and characteristics and response of the O 2 sensor 3 are evaluated.
  • the synchronous electromagnetic valve 25 is switched to vary the composition of the SO 2 -containing synthetic gas.
  • the rate of change between the rich and lean conditions is controlled by varying the switching timing of the synchronous electromagnetic valve 25.
  • the above-described testing device for the O 2 sensor 3 uses the synthetic gas containing SO 2 which occurs in actual exhaust gases and affects evaluation of the O 2 sensor 3, conditions of exhaust gases close to those of actual vehicles can be simulated. Furthermore, by switching the synchronous electromagnetic valve 25, exhaust gases of air/fuel ratios of rich and lean conditions can be simulated, and the rate of change in rich and lean conditions can also be simulated easily and with good reproducibility.
  • Use of such a gas introduction system including the synchronous electromagnetic valve 25 is particularly effective in the simulation of transient conditions such as speed up and down of the vehicle. This is because, with only a gas introduction system such as the flow controller 16 which makes feedback control to achieve exact flow control, sufficient transient response characteristic cannot be obtained, which may constitute a problem in reproducibility of conditions of actual vehicles. (Since the SO 2 content is not varied even in transient operation conditions, this embodiment does not use a special gas (SO 2 ) introduction system for transient response.)
  • SO 2 concentration of exhaust gas is about 24 ppm.
  • the SO 2 concentration of the W synthetic gas is set to 16 ppm. It is desirable that the testing device can supply up to about 3-times the maximal SO 2 concentration (24 ppm in this embodiment), in order to accommodate various operation conditions and for effective testing procedures.
  • Tests were carried out using the W synthetic gas and the synthetic gas to check the response time of the O 2 sensor 3 to repetitions of change in rich and lean conditions, with different repetition periods. The results are shown in FIG. 3.
  • the response time of the O 2 sensor 3 increases with increasing repetition period of change in rich and lean conditions.
  • the response time of the O 2 sensor 3 increases with increasing repetition period of change in rich and lean conditions up to 2 sec but, for longer repetition periods than 2 sec, the response time of the O 2 sensor 3 is constant.
  • the synthetic gas no changes in the response time of the O 2 sensor 3 occur when the repetition period of change in rich and lean conditions exceeds 2 sec.
  • the response time of the O 2 sensor 3 tends to increase as the repetition period of change in rich and lean conditions increases. Therefore, different results are obtained between the cases when SO 2 is contained in the synthetic gas and is not.
  • the testing device shown in FIg. 1 by performing the test of the O 2 sensor 3 using the synthetic gas containing SO 2 which is contained in actual exhaust gases (W synthetic gas), the sensor can be tested under conditions close to actual exhaust gases, thereby obtaining reliable evaluation results.
  • the device is capable of varying ⁇ in a wide range ( ⁇ 0.1) to simulate rich and lean conditions and transient conditions of exhaust gas, with stable composition of the synthetic gas and with good accuracy and reproducibility, and is thus useful in the elucidation of deterioration mechanism.
  • gases from the cylinders 21 and 22 which are not passed through the electric furnace 18 are introduced to the synthetic gas passage 1 at the upstream of the thermocouple 20, temperature of the synthetic gas introduced into the O 2 sensor 3 is controlled very exactly.
  • the synthetic gas since the sulfur dioxide gas passage to supply SO 2 communicates with the synthetic gas passage, the synthetic gas is obtained which has close composition to actual exhaust gas containing sulfur dioxide, which affects evaluation oxygen sensors, and the synthetic gas containing SO 2 can be simulated to conditions of exhaust gas under various running conditions with good reproducibility.
  • evaluation of oxygen sensors is possible using the synthetic gas having a composition close to actual exhaust gas containing SO 2 under rich and lean air/fuel ratios and transient conditions, thereby enabling exact and reliable evaluation of the oxygen sensor.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Measuring Oxygen Concentration In Cells (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Fluid Adsorption Or Reactions (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
US07/356,440 1988-05-31 1989-05-23 Testing device for an oxygen sensor Expired - Lifetime US4961341A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63-131754 1988-05-31
JP63131754A JP2668029B2 (ja) 1988-05-31 1988-05-31 酸素センサ試験装置

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JP (1) JP2668029B2 (es)
KR (1) KR920005962B1 (es)
DE (1) DE3917746A1 (es)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5476001A (en) * 1992-12-23 1995-12-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sensor for determining gas components and/or gas concentrations of gas mixtures
US5528932A (en) * 1994-07-04 1996-06-25 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Method for recognizing lambda probes connected in a side-inverted manner
US5585552A (en) * 1992-11-09 1996-12-17 The Technician's Company Method and apparatus for diagnosing automotive engine problems using oxygen
US20110174049A1 (en) * 2010-01-18 2011-07-21 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Inspection apparatus for sensor element, and method for inspecting electrical characteristics of sensor element
CN102331481A (zh) * 2010-07-12 2012-01-25 上海航天汽车机电股份有限公司 多路配气模拟汽车尾气环境的氧传感器性能测试系统
CN104847511A (zh) * 2014-02-14 2015-08-19 福特环球技术公司 诊断排气传感器的方法
CN105067551A (zh) * 2015-07-09 2015-11-18 无锡威孚环保催化剂有限公司 傅里叶红外汽车尾气评价系统

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3262682B2 (ja) * 1994-11-14 2002-03-04 株式会社豊田中央研究所 空燃比センサ特性解析装置
JP4555676B2 (ja) * 2004-12-28 2010-10-06 日本特殊陶業株式会社 ガスセンサ評価装置
CN102213705B (zh) * 2010-04-01 2016-05-04 上海航天汽车机电股份有限公司 一种模拟汽车工况的氧传感器性能测试装置
DE102012008274A1 (de) * 2011-11-28 2013-05-29 Dräger Safety AG & Co. KGaA Gasbeaufschlagungs-Vorrichtung für Gasmessgeräte, Verfahren zum Prüfen von Gas-Messgeräten sowie Kalibrierungsmessgerät zum Prüfen und Kalibrieren von Gasmessgeräten

Citations (2)

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US3776023A (en) * 1971-12-22 1973-12-04 Monitor Labs Inc Calibration system for gas analyzers
US4825683A (en) * 1986-12-29 1989-05-02 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Apparatus for evaluating an oxygen sensor

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5378886A (en) * 1976-12-22 1978-07-12 Nippon Soken Characteristics evaluating device for gas sensor
JPS55106353A (en) * 1979-02-09 1980-08-15 Toyota Motor Corp Method and device for valuation of catalyzation oxygen sensor
JPS5779442A (en) * 1980-11-05 1982-05-18 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Measuring method of oxygen concentration in gas
JPS57165757A (en) * 1981-04-03 1982-10-12 Fuji Electric Corp Res & Dev Ltd Measuring method for density of oxygen in gas
JPH0810204B2 (ja) * 1987-04-10 1996-01-31 日本特殊陶業株式会社 酸素センサ耐久試験装置

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3776023A (en) * 1971-12-22 1973-12-04 Monitor Labs Inc Calibration system for gas analyzers
US4825683A (en) * 1986-12-29 1989-05-02 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Apparatus for evaluating an oxygen sensor

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5585552A (en) * 1992-11-09 1996-12-17 The Technician's Company Method and apparatus for diagnosing automotive engine problems using oxygen
US5476001A (en) * 1992-12-23 1995-12-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sensor for determining gas components and/or gas concentrations of gas mixtures
US5528932A (en) * 1994-07-04 1996-06-25 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Method for recognizing lambda probes connected in a side-inverted manner
US20110174049A1 (en) * 2010-01-18 2011-07-21 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Inspection apparatus for sensor element, and method for inspecting electrical characteristics of sensor element
EP2354785A1 (en) * 2010-01-18 2011-08-10 NGK Insulators, Ltd. Inspection apparatus for sensor element and method for inspecting electrical characteristics of sensor element
US8342002B2 (en) 2010-01-18 2013-01-01 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Inspection apparatus for sensor element, and method for inspecting electrical characteristics of sensor element
CN102331481A (zh) * 2010-07-12 2012-01-25 上海航天汽车机电股份有限公司 多路配气模拟汽车尾气环境的氧传感器性能测试系统
CN102331481B (zh) * 2010-07-12 2015-11-25 上海航天汽车机电股份有限公司 多路配气模拟汽车尾气环境的氧传感器性能测试系统
CN104847511A (zh) * 2014-02-14 2015-08-19 福特环球技术公司 诊断排气传感器的方法
CN105067551A (zh) * 2015-07-09 2015-11-18 无锡威孚环保催化剂有限公司 傅里叶红外汽车尾气评价系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR920005962B1 (ko) 1992-07-25
DE3917746A1 (de) 1989-12-07
KR890017449A (ko) 1989-12-16
JPH01302155A (ja) 1989-12-06
JP2668029B2 (ja) 1997-10-27
DE3917746C2 (es) 1992-08-20

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