US4796548A - Method of conditioning fireside fouling deposits using super large particle size magnesium oxide - Google Patents

Method of conditioning fireside fouling deposits using super large particle size magnesium oxide Download PDF

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Publication number
US4796548A
US4796548A US06/608,053 US60805384A US4796548A US 4796548 A US4796548 A US 4796548A US 60805384 A US60805384 A US 60805384A US 4796548 A US4796548 A US 4796548A
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coal
additive
combustion
mixing
weight
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Expired - Fee Related
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US06/608,053
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English (en)
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Gene A. Merrell
Richard J. Sujdak
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Suez WTS USA Inc
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Betz Laboratories Inc
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Assigned to BETZ LABORATORIES, INC. reassignment BETZ LABORATORIES, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: MERRELL, GENE A., SUJDAK, RICHARD J.
Priority to CA000477397A priority patent/CA1257092A/fr
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Assigned to BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS COLLATERAL AGENT reassignment BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS COLLATERAL AGENT SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: AQUALON COMPANY, A DELAWARE PARTNERSHIP, ATHENS HOLDINGS, INC., A DELAWARE CORPORATION, BETZDEARBORN CHINA, LTD., A DELAWARE CORPORATION, BETZDEARBORN EUROPE, INC., A PENNSYLVANIA CORP., BETZDEARBORN INC., A PENNSYLVANIA CORPORATION, BETZDEARBORN INTERNATIONAL, INC., A PENNSYLVANIA CORP., BL CHEMICALS, INC., A DELAWARE CORPORATION, BL TECHNOLOGIES, INC., A DELAWARE CORPORATION, BLI HOLDINGS CORP., A DELAWARE CORPORATION, CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGIES INDIA,LTD.A DELAWARE CORP., COVINGTON HOLDINGS,INC.,A DELAWARE CORP., D R C LTD., A DELAWARE CORPORATION, EAST BAY REALTY SERVICES,INC.,A DELAWARE CORP, FIBERVISIONS INCORPORATED, A DELAWARE CORPORATION, FIBERVISIONS PRODUCTS, INC., A GEORGIA CORPORATION, FIBERVISIONS, L.L.C., A DELAWARE LLC, FIBERVISIONS, L.P., A DELAWARE LP, HERCULES CHEMICAL CORPORATION, A DELAWARE CORP., HERCULES COUNTRY CLUB, INC., A DELAWARE CORPORATION, HERCULES CREDIT,INC.A DELAWARE CORP., HERCULES EURO HOLDINGS, LLC, A DELAWARE LLC, HERCULES FINANCE COMPANY, A DELAWARE PARTNERSHIP, HERCULES FLAVOR, INC., A DELAWARE CORPORATION, HERCULES INCORPORATED,A DELAWARE CORP., HERCULES INTERNATIONAL LIMITED, A DELAWARE CORP., HERCULES INTERNATIONAL LIMITED, L.L.C., A DELAWARE LLC, HERCULES INVESTMENTS, LLC, A DELAWARE LLC, HERCULES SHARED SERVICES CORPORATION, A DELAWARE CORP., HISPAN CORPORATION, A DELAWARE CORPORATION, WSP, INC., A DELAWARE CORPORATION
Assigned to FIBERVISIONS PRODUCTS, INC., EAST BAY REALTY SERVICES, INC., CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGIES INDIA, LTD., HISPAN CORPORATION, AQUALON COMPANY, D R C LTD., BL TECHNOLOGIES, INC., BETZDEARBORN EUROPE, INC., HERCULES INTERNATIONAL LIMITED, L.L.C., HERCULES INCORPORATED, HERCULES FLAVOR, INC., BETZDEARBORN CHINA, LTD., BETZDEARBORN INTERNATIONAL, INC., ATHENS HOLDINGS, INC., HERCULES CHEMICAL CORPORATION, BETZDEARBORN, INC., FIBERVISIONS, L.L.C., BL CHEMICALS INC., WSP, INC., BLI HOLDING CORPORATION, HERCULES INVESTMENTS, LLC, FIBERVISIONS, L.P., HERCULES EURO HOLDINGS, LLC, HERCULES INTERNATIONAL LIMITED, HERCULES COUNTRY CLUB, INC., HERCULES CREDIT, INC., FIBERVISIONS INCORPORATED, COVINGTON HOLDINGS, INC., HERCULES FINANCE COMPANY, HERCULES SHARED SERVICES CORPORATION reassignment FIBERVISIONS PRODUCTS, INC. RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST Assignors: BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS COLLATERAL AGENT
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/06—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for facilitating soot removal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation

Definitions

  • the present invention pertains to a method of reducing the adverse effects of solid fuel combustion residues on those structures normally contacted thereby.
  • the invention is particularly, although not exclusively, advantageous in connection with use in coal-fired boiler units so as to increase the friability of combustion residues which may normally adhere to boiler surfaces.
  • the invention also serves to minimize fouling problems normally attendant upon combustion of the fuel.
  • Ash deposits are periodically cleaned via soot blower devices or the like.
  • soot blower devices or the like.
  • severe problems are encountered. This problem has become magnified in recent years as the ash level of utilized fuels has increased due to such factors as the low availability and excessive cost of high quality fuels. These factors result in ever increasing economic pressures to burn lower cost, lower quality fuels.
  • the present invention provides a method for decreasing the tendency of solid fuel combustion residues to adhere to internal furnace surfaces by utilization of a super large particle size magnesium oxide fuel additive.
  • a majority of the magnesium oxide particles (based upon mass) have a particle size diameter of at least 150 microns, sintered pelletized ashes treated therewith exhibit significant reduction in the strength needed to burst such pellets when compared to pellets treated with conventional, small size magnesium oxide particles.
  • German Offenlegungsschrift No. 1,551,700 deals with oil-fired boilers and calls for utilization of magnesium particles that pass through a 1.6 mm sieve and which are retained by a 150 micron sieve.
  • the disclosed purpose for this MgO addition is so that a heat-reflecting layer of magnesium oxide is formed along the radiant wall tubes to result in higher furnace operating temperatures in the boiler convection zone--in contrast to the purpose of the present invention which is to provide a frangible ash.
  • fireside refers to heat transfer surfaces in those boiler sections that are in contact with the hot combustion gases. These "fireside” sections conventionally include the economizer, convection zone, superheater, and furnace sections of the boiler.
  • the present application is therefore directed toward a boiler fuel additive which is adapted to provide a more "friable" ash deposit in the fireside sections of the boiler.
  • the fuel additive of the present invention comprises super large particle size MgO particles wherein a majority (i.e. >50%) of the MgO, by mass, has particle sizes of 150 microns in diameter and greater.
  • super large MgO particles significantly reduce the strength needed to burst pellets of coal combustion ash residue.
  • Use of such super large size MgO particles will, it is thought, render any resulting combustion ash deposits frangible so that the ashes may be readily removed from the internal boiler structure by soot blowers and the like.
  • MagChem 10 Prilled 30 Another product, known to be efficacious in the laboratory at present, is available from Martin Marietta Chemicals under the trademark MagChem 10 Prilled 30. It has the following particle size distribution:
  • the super large size MgO particles of the invention may be admitted into any type of furnace firing solid fuels, such as coal, wood, peat, sewage and municipal waste burning furnaces. Ideally, these additives are used in conjunction with coal-fired boilers. All types of boilers including cyclone, pulverized coal, and stoker fed boilers may be beneficially treated with the MgO additive of the present invention.
  • coal fired boilers of the type having a combustion zone in which the coal is fired, and a convection zone disposed downstream from the combustion zone in which convection zone heater tubes are positioned to heat water to form steam or to heat steam to form superheated steam
  • the tendency is for sticky, tenacious ash deposits to form on or around these heater tubes.
  • the coal is fired in the presence of the fuel additive either by adding the additive directly to the coal or by injecting the additive upstream from the convection zone so that the turbulent gas forces will carry the additive to the desired working area.
  • the additives may either be shot fed or continuously fed. In cyclone boilers it is advantageous to admit the super large sized MgO particles into the upper furnace area, just upstream from the convection tubes.
  • the additive will be distributed through the boiler by the turbulent flow of the combustion gases.
  • the additive may be fed directly with the coal in lieu of or in addition to possible feeding upstream from the boiler convection section.
  • the amount of additive to be used will depend upon many factors, such as the flue gas temperature at the collecting surface, the design of the boiler, the burner configuration, and, of course, the impurity content of the fuel.
  • the higher the flue gas temperature the greater is the tendency toward the formation of deposits. With narrowly spaced superheater tubes, the tendency to clog the passage between the tubes is greater.
  • the greater the impurity content of the fuel the greater is the tendency toward the production of deleterious combustion residues.
  • the amount of additive to be combined with the solid fuel will, of course, be greater as any of these disadvantageous situations increases in intensity.
  • Operable additive dosage rates encompass use of between trace amounts-2.00% (wt %; weight additive: weight ash).
  • the lower levels will be operable in shot-feeding applications.
  • the super large MgO particles of the present invention are added within a range of about 0.2%-1.0%.
  • MgO treatment is effective when the major mass fraction of the MgO is on the order of 150 microns in diameter and greater.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
US06/608,053 1984-05-08 1984-05-08 Method of conditioning fireside fouling deposits using super large particle size magnesium oxide Expired - Fee Related US4796548A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/608,053 US4796548A (en) 1984-05-08 1984-05-08 Method of conditioning fireside fouling deposits using super large particle size magnesium oxide
CA000477397A CA1257092A (fr) 1984-05-08 1985-03-25 Procede de conditionnement des depots d'encrassement du foyer, utilisant des particules extra-grosses d'oxyde de magnesium

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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US06/608,053 US4796548A (en) 1984-05-08 1984-05-08 Method of conditioning fireside fouling deposits using super large particle size magnesium oxide

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CA (1) CA1257092A (fr)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4953481A (en) * 1989-09-01 1990-09-04 Utility Chemicals, Inc. Method for control of slag build-up in solid waste incinerators
US5282430A (en) * 1991-07-08 1994-02-01 Nehls Jr George R Flyash injection system and method
US5320051A (en) * 1991-07-08 1994-06-14 Nehls Jr George R Flyash injection system and method
US6065409A (en) * 1995-06-30 2000-05-23 Gec Alsthom Stein Industrie Method of hot scrubbing flue gases, in particular for an incineration plant for household refuse
US6289827B1 (en) * 1999-06-24 2001-09-18 Martin Marietta Magnesia Specialties Inc. Process for the control of ash accumulation and corrosivity associated with selective catalytic reduction technology
US6484651B1 (en) * 2000-10-06 2002-11-26 Crown Coal & Coke Co. Method for operating a slag tap combustion apparatus
US20040016377A1 (en) * 2000-06-26 2004-01-29 Oil Sands Underground Mining, Inc. Low sulfur coal additive for improved furnace operation
US20040045489A1 (en) * 2002-09-09 2004-03-11 Aptech Engineering Services, Inc. Method for reduction of slagging and fouling of the waterwalls and of the firebox and superheater and reheater of steam boilers with coal combustion
US20060034743A1 (en) * 2004-08-16 2006-02-16 Premier Chemicals, Llc Reduction of coal-fired combustion emissions
US7261046B1 (en) 2003-06-10 2007-08-28 Aptech Engineering Services, Inc. System and method of reducing pulverizer flammability hazard and boiler nitrous oxide output
US20080202397A1 (en) * 2007-02-23 2008-08-28 Torbov T Steve Process for reduction of sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds in the exhaust gases of combustion devices
US20110030592A1 (en) * 2000-06-26 2011-02-10 Ada Environmental Solutions, Llc Additives for mercury oxidation in coal-fired power plants
US8124036B1 (en) 2005-10-27 2012-02-28 ADA-ES, Inc. Additives for mercury oxidation in coal-fired power plants
US8383071B2 (en) 2010-03-10 2013-02-26 Ada Environmental Solutions, Llc Process for dilute phase injection of dry alkaline materials
US8784757B2 (en) 2010-03-10 2014-07-22 ADA-ES, Inc. Air treatment process for dilute phase injection of dry alkaline materials
US8974756B2 (en) 2012-07-25 2015-03-10 ADA-ES, Inc. Process to enhance mixing of dry sorbents and flue gas for air pollution control
US9017452B2 (en) 2011-11-14 2015-04-28 ADA-ES, Inc. System and method for dense phase sorbent injection
US10350545B2 (en) 2014-11-25 2019-07-16 ADA-ES, Inc. Low pressure drop static mixing system

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3249075A (en) * 1963-03-08 1966-05-03 Combustion Eng Additive mixtures to combat high temperature corrosion and ash bonding during the operation of furnaces
DE1551700A1 (de) * 1966-06-03 1970-04-30 Magnesium Elektron Ltd Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Dampferzeugungsboilers
US3837820A (en) * 1971-09-01 1974-09-24 Apollo Chem Combustion control by additives introduced in both hot and cold zones
US4245573A (en) * 1978-12-22 1981-01-20 Chemed Corporation Air heater corrosion prevention
US4253408A (en) * 1979-08-24 1981-03-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Method of protecting incinerator surfaces
US4329324A (en) * 1979-10-29 1982-05-11 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Method of burning sulfur-containing fuels in a fluidized bed boiler
US4369719A (en) * 1980-11-14 1983-01-25 Dearborn Chemical Company Vermiculite as a deposit modifier in coal fired boilers
US4372227A (en) * 1981-02-10 1983-02-08 Economics Laboratory Inc. Method of reducing high temperature slagging in furnaces
US4428310A (en) * 1982-07-26 1984-01-31 Nalco Chemical Company Phosphated alumina as slag modifier
US4450777A (en) * 1980-09-27 1984-05-29 Rheinische Braunkohlenwerke Ag Process for removing noxious substances containing fluorine and/or sulfur from gaseous or liquid media
US4458606A (en) * 1982-04-01 1984-07-10 Betz Laboratories, Inc. Method of conditioning fireside fouling deposits using large particle size amorphous silica

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3249075A (en) * 1963-03-08 1966-05-03 Combustion Eng Additive mixtures to combat high temperature corrosion and ash bonding during the operation of furnaces
DE1551700A1 (de) * 1966-06-03 1970-04-30 Magnesium Elektron Ltd Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Dampferzeugungsboilers
US3837820A (en) * 1971-09-01 1974-09-24 Apollo Chem Combustion control by additives introduced in both hot and cold zones
US4245573A (en) * 1978-12-22 1981-01-20 Chemed Corporation Air heater corrosion prevention
US4253408A (en) * 1979-08-24 1981-03-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Method of protecting incinerator surfaces
US4329324A (en) * 1979-10-29 1982-05-11 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Method of burning sulfur-containing fuels in a fluidized bed boiler
US4450777A (en) * 1980-09-27 1984-05-29 Rheinische Braunkohlenwerke Ag Process for removing noxious substances containing fluorine and/or sulfur from gaseous or liquid media
US4369719A (en) * 1980-11-14 1983-01-25 Dearborn Chemical Company Vermiculite as a deposit modifier in coal fired boilers
US4372227A (en) * 1981-02-10 1983-02-08 Economics Laboratory Inc. Method of reducing high temperature slagging in furnaces
US4458606A (en) * 1982-04-01 1984-07-10 Betz Laboratories, Inc. Method of conditioning fireside fouling deposits using large particle size amorphous silica
US4428310A (en) * 1982-07-26 1984-01-31 Nalco Chemical Company Phosphated alumina as slag modifier

Non-Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"Effectiveness of Fireside Additives in Coal-Fired Boilers", J. E. Radway, Power Engineering, Apr. 1978, pp. 72-75.
"How More Ash Makes Less", J. E. Radway, American Chem. Society, vol. 12, No. 4, Apr. 1978, pp. 388-391.
"Selecting and Using Fuel Additives", J. E. Radway, Chemical Engineering, Jul. 14, 1980, pp. 155-160.
Effectiveness of Fireside Additives in Coal Fired Boilers , J. E. Radway, Power Engineering, Apr. 1978, pp. 72 75. *
How More Ash Makes Less J. E. Radway, American Chem. Society, vol. 12, No. 4, Apr. 1978, pp. 388 391. *
Selecting and Using Fuel Additives , J. E. Radway, Chemical Engineering, Jul. 14, 1980, pp. 155 160. *

Cited By (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4953481A (en) * 1989-09-01 1990-09-04 Utility Chemicals, Inc. Method for control of slag build-up in solid waste incinerators
US5282430A (en) * 1991-07-08 1994-02-01 Nehls Jr George R Flyash injection system and method
US5320051A (en) * 1991-07-08 1994-06-14 Nehls Jr George R Flyash injection system and method
US6065409A (en) * 1995-06-30 2000-05-23 Gec Alsthom Stein Industrie Method of hot scrubbing flue gases, in particular for an incineration plant for household refuse
US6289827B1 (en) * 1999-06-24 2001-09-18 Martin Marietta Magnesia Specialties Inc. Process for the control of ash accumulation and corrosivity associated with selective catalytic reduction technology
US20040016377A1 (en) * 2000-06-26 2004-01-29 Oil Sands Underground Mining, Inc. Low sulfur coal additive for improved furnace operation
US7332002B2 (en) 2000-06-26 2008-02-19 Ada Environmental Solutions, Llc Low sulfur coal additive for improved furnace operation
US11168274B2 (en) 2000-06-26 2021-11-09 ADA-ES, Inc. Low sulfur coal additive for improved furnace operation
US6773471B2 (en) 2000-06-26 2004-08-10 Ada Environmental Solutions, Llc Low sulfur coal additive for improved furnace operation
US9951287B2 (en) 2000-06-26 2018-04-24 ADA-ES, Inc. Low sulfur coal additive for improved furnace operation
US8919266B2 (en) 2000-06-26 2014-12-30 ADA-ES, Inc. Low sulfur coal additive for improved furnace operation
US8439989B2 (en) 2000-06-26 2013-05-14 ADA-ES, Inc. Additives for mercury oxidation in coal-fired power plants
US20110030592A1 (en) * 2000-06-26 2011-02-10 Ada Environmental Solutions, Llc Additives for mercury oxidation in coal-fired power plants
US6484651B1 (en) * 2000-10-06 2002-11-26 Crown Coal & Coke Co. Method for operating a slag tap combustion apparatus
WO2004022928A2 (fr) * 2002-09-09 2004-03-18 Aptech Engineering Services, Inc. Procede de reduction de scorification et de salissure des ecrans d'eau, du foyer, du surchauffeur et du resurchauffeur de chaudieres a vapeur au moyen de la combustion de charbon
WO2004022928A3 (fr) * 2002-09-09 2005-01-27 Aptech Eng Serv Inc Procede de reduction de scorification et de salissure des ecrans d'eau, du foyer, du surchauffeur et du resurchauffeur de chaudieres a vapeur au moyen de la combustion de charbon
US20040045489A1 (en) * 2002-09-09 2004-03-11 Aptech Engineering Services, Inc. Method for reduction of slagging and fouling of the waterwalls and of the firebox and superheater and reheater of steam boilers with coal combustion
US6883443B2 (en) * 2002-09-09 2005-04-26 Aptech Engineering Services, Inc. Method for reduction of slagging and fouling of the waterwalls and of the firebox and superheater and reheater of steam boilers with coal combustion
US7261046B1 (en) 2003-06-10 2007-08-28 Aptech Engineering Services, Inc. System and method of reducing pulverizer flammability hazard and boiler nitrous oxide output
US20060034743A1 (en) * 2004-08-16 2006-02-16 Premier Chemicals, Llc Reduction of coal-fired combustion emissions
US7276217B2 (en) 2004-08-16 2007-10-02 Premier Chemicals, Llc Reduction of coal-fired combustion emissions
US8124036B1 (en) 2005-10-27 2012-02-28 ADA-ES, Inc. Additives for mercury oxidation in coal-fired power plants
US8293196B1 (en) 2005-10-27 2012-10-23 ADA-ES, Inc. Additives for mercury oxidation in coal-fired power plants
US20080202397A1 (en) * 2007-02-23 2008-08-28 Torbov T Steve Process for reduction of sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds in the exhaust gases of combustion devices
US8375872B2 (en) 2007-02-23 2013-02-19 Intertek APTECH Process for reduction of sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds in the exhaust gases of combustion devices
US8784757B2 (en) 2010-03-10 2014-07-22 ADA-ES, Inc. Air treatment process for dilute phase injection of dry alkaline materials
US9149759B2 (en) 2010-03-10 2015-10-06 ADA-ES, Inc. Air treatment process for dilute phase injection of dry alkaline materials
US8383071B2 (en) 2010-03-10 2013-02-26 Ada Environmental Solutions, Llc Process for dilute phase injection of dry alkaline materials
US9017452B2 (en) 2011-11-14 2015-04-28 ADA-ES, Inc. System and method for dense phase sorbent injection
US8974756B2 (en) 2012-07-25 2015-03-10 ADA-ES, Inc. Process to enhance mixing of dry sorbents and flue gas for air pollution control
US10350545B2 (en) 2014-11-25 2019-07-16 ADA-ES, Inc. Low pressure drop static mixing system
US11369921B2 (en) 2014-11-25 2022-06-28 ADA-ES, Inc. Low pressure drop static mixing system

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