US479211A

US479211A - Pile-wire

Info

Publication number: US479211A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1892-07-19
Anticipated expiration: 1909-07-19

Description

(No Model.)

C. FORD. PILE WIRE.

No. 479,211. :Patented July 19, 1892.

a *di With/66666. Innen/607". /Wf I /M UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIcE.

CHARLES FORD, OF LOVELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

PILE-WIRE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 479,211, dated July 19, 1892.

Application iiled J une 4, 1891. Serial No. 395,055. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES FORD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lowell, in the county of Middlesex and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Pile Wires, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to pile-wires; and it consists in the improved means hereinafter described of securing such wires to their heads.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of apile-wire and head made according to my invention, the free end of the wire being provided with a cutting-edge; Fig. 2, a side elevation of a pile-Wire without a knife and a head of slightly-different form from that shown in Fig. l; Fig. 3, a horizontal cross-section on the line 3 3 in Fig. l; Fig. 4, a similar section on theline 4 4 in Fig. 2; Fig. 5, a vertical section on the line 5 5 in Fig. l; Fig. 6, a Vertical section on the line 6 6 in Fig. 2.

Pile-wires such as are used in forming the loops which project from the face of pile fabrics require to be narrow enough to make the loops of the proper size and sti enough to reach entirely across the fabric Without sagging or lateral bending or displacement. They are therefore usually made of steel, tempered, and are secured in heads adapted to be engaged by suitable devices for withd rawing the wires from the loops after the loops are formed, and the heads require to be very thin in order to allow several pile-Wires to remain in their respective rows of loops for some time after the last row of Vloops is formed, live or six or more wires being in an equal number of rows of loops at the same time in order to support the loops nearest the making end of the fabric, the pile-wire farthest from the making end being first drawn from the loops, so that the distance from the middle of one head to the middle of the next adjacent head cannot be greater than the distance from the middle line of one row of loops to the middle line of the next adjacent row of loops. The heads are therefore about a sixteenth of an inch in thickness and are usually made of sheet metal slotted entirely through to receive the end of the wire proper,

which is secured in the slot so formed by brazing. Brazing the wires into the heads usually draws the temper of the wire for a short distance from the heads and makes the h wires extremely liable to be bent laterally at this point, it requiring considerable force to withdraw the wires from the loops, especially such of the wires as have been left in theloops over night or over a Sundayor other holiday, the loops frequently contracting on the wires and holding them so iirmly that Where the pile is to be cutit is frequently cut by hand before attempting to remove the Wires. Again, the strain of the wires on the heads, where the heads are slotted entirely through, frequently spreads the sides of the slot apart and releases the wires; and the Wires are more easily twisted out of the slots because said wires are united to the heads only at the top and bottom of the wires.

By the means hereinafter described I prevent the spreading apart of the sides of the wire-receiving slot and provide a greater contact-surface between the head and the wire.

In the drawings two kinds of wires A A are shown, the wire A (represented in Figs. 1, 3, and 5) being a wire nearly rectangular in cross-section, but slightly rounded at the corners at a, (see Fig. 5,) and at the outer free end or end farthest from the head B flattened and vertically or upwardly enlarged and sharpened to form a cutting-edge a2, which cuts the loops as the pile-Wire is Withdrawn from them to make a fabric similar to velvet or cut velvet, plush, velveteens,'or Wilton carpets. The wire A (shown in Fig. 2) is more nearly round, but has slightly-dattened vertical sides, and is straight and of uniform cross-section, and does not cut the loops when withdrawn from them, but leaves them whole, as in uncut or terry velvet and Brussels carpet-s. In both cases the wires proper A A are usually secured in their respective heads B B by the means above described.

Instead of slotting the heads entirely through in the usual manner, I drill a hole b b in the head B B of a sufficient diameter to receive the ends of the wire and groove or slot the head at b2 b3 partly through, as shown at Figs. 5 and 6, from said hole b b to the end of the head, to receive the wire and IOO then sweat or solder with soft solder thel head and the wire proper together, this operation not drawing the temper of the wire as brazing would do, and the preliminary drawing of the wire above mentioned not extending the entire length of the slot in the head, so that when the operation is com-` pleted the part of the wire outside of the head and for some distance within the slot still retains its hardness and temper. The slot b2 b5 is preferably narrower at its open side, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, so as to be in effect a dovetail slot, to prevent the wire being drawn laterally out of its slot, while the engagement of the wire with the hole b b prevents the wire being drawn endwise out of said slot and also, assisted by the shape of said wire and said slot, prevents the wire from turning in said head.

I claim as myinvention- 1. The combination of a iiat metallic pilewire head provided in one of its sides with a groove or slot cut to a depth less than the thickness of said head and a pile-wire secured in said slot, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the flat metallic head provided with a groove or slot of less depth than the thickness of said head, said slot being narrowest at its open side, and the pile-wire inserted in said slot and secured therein, as and for the purpose specified.

3. The combination of the flat metallic head provided with a hole and provided in one of its sides with a groove or slot extending nearly to the opposite side of said head and from said hole to the end of said head and the pile-wire inserted in said slot and bent into said hole, as and for the purpose specified;

4. The combination of the head provided with a hole and with a slot or groove of less depth than the thickness of said head and extending from said hole to the end of said head, said slot being narrower at its open side, and the pile-wire inserted in said slot and bent into said hole, as and for the purpose speci- 5. The combination of the flat metallic head provided with a hole and with a slot or groove extending nearly to the opposite side of said head and from said hole to the end of said head and `the pile-wire inserted in said slot and bent into said hole and secured to said head by sweating or soldering with soft solder, as and for the purpose specified.

6. The combination of the head provided with a hole and with a slot or groove of less depth than the thickness of said head and extending from said hole to the end of said head, said slot being narrower at its open side, and the pilewireinserted in said slot and bent into said hole and secured to said head by sweating or soldering with soft solder, as and for the purpose specified.

In witness whereof I have signed this specication, in the presence of two attesting witnesses, this 1st day of June, A. D. 1891.

CHARLES FORD.

Vitnesses:

ALBERT M. MOORE, JosEPH W. PIPER.