US4784198A - Process and apparatus for loading chipping machines with lumber of uniform length - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for loading chipping machines with lumber of uniform length Download PDF

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Publication number
US4784198A
US4784198A US07/035,766 US3576687A US4784198A US 4784198 A US4784198 A US 4784198A US 3576687 A US3576687 A US 3576687A US 4784198 A US4784198 A US 4784198A
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United States
Prior art keywords
lumber
chipping
pile
trough
compartment
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Expired - Lifetime
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US07/035,766
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English (en)
Inventor
Wilhelm Pallmann
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Pallmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
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Pallmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
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Assigned to PALLMANN MASCHINENFABRIK GMBH & CO. KG reassignment PALLMANN MASCHINENFABRIK GMBH & CO. KG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: PALLMANN, WILHELM
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/002—Transporting devices for wood or chips

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for loading chipping machines for the generation of high-grade flat chips by cost-effective, loss-free chipping of lumber of approximately equal length, and to an apparatus for implementation of the process.
  • Lumber, in particular round timber, which is intended for the generation of high-grade chips, is frequently supplied to the processing plants in lengths which are equivalent to the maximum allowable loading width of the transportation vehicles, in other words between about 2.40 m and 2.60 m long.
  • the working width of chipping machines until now there have been virtually only two possibilities of chipping pieces of lumber of this length, that is, either by sectional chipping in so-called long log chipping machines or by previously cutting to length the pieces of lumber to match the working width of the chipping machine in question.
  • the first processing possibility the sectional chipping of pieces of lumber sized to approximately the maximum allowable loading width of vehicles, can admittedly be carried out on longtimber chipping machines, on which the pieces of lumber ere cyclically fed to the chipping machine in a feeder channel provided with a conveyor belt, but considerable disadvantages have to be accepted in this operation.
  • pieces of lumber of this relatively short length tend to lie at an angle in the long feeder channel, which not only has a disruptive effect on the chipping operation, but also impairs the degree of filling of the feed channel and so the qualitative and the quantitative capabilities of the chipping machine are unfavorable.
  • the second possibility of chipping pieces of lumber of this conventional transportation length is to divide them in advance into lengths which correspond to the depth of the chipping space or the working width of the chipping unit.
  • This cutting to length of the lumber to match the working width of the cutter rotor in question is an absolute necessity in the case of disk-type chipping machines; it has, however, also already been proposed, as evidenced by U.S. Pat. No. 3,913,643, to use chipping machines with cylindrical cutter rotors.
  • the cutting to length of the pieces of lumber has, however, the great disadvantage that the additional operating stage required for this demands a considerable structural and operational outlay and, additionally, results in a not inconsiderable loss in lumber of about 3%.
  • the present invention is based on the object of completely chipping the pieces of lumber supplied in the conventional transportation length of about 2.5 m directly, in other words, without previous processing, in a cost-effective way without having to accept losses of lumber or reductions in quality of the chips generated.
  • a process and an apparatus for chipping wood comprises aligning a number of substantially equal sized pieces of lumber in a hopper disposed above a feed compartment, depositing the aligned lumber pile into a trough which feeds into a compartment where the chipping occurs and then cyclically advancing the lumber pile into the compartment after each previously advanced portion of lumber has been chipped.
  • the lumber is advanced by means of a thrust plate acting against one end of the lumber pile and the thrust plate is controlled to advance the pile forward by an amount substantially equal to the working width of the chipping compartment.
  • the thrust plate reaches a predetermined point at which the lumber pile has been nearly completely advanced into the chipping compartment, the plate is retracted and another aligned lumber pile is fed into the trough.
  • An apparatus in accordance with the present invention comprises a hopper, a trough, a thrust plate and a chipping machine.
  • the hopper has a V-shaped bottom comprising two pivoting flaps which pivot outwardly to deposit the lumber pile into the trough.
  • Each pivoting flap can be pivoted by a hydraulic cylinder piston hinged to its underside.
  • the flaps are concave or convex in correspondence with the concave or convex configuration of the trough.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a loading apparatus along line I--I in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 2 shows an associated cross section along line II--II in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a modified embodiment in the cross section, corresponding to FIG. 2.
  • the process and apparatus of the present invention are directed to providing cost-effective loading and use of a wood chipping machine.
  • the first process step is the loading of the feed compartment is carried out from above, preferably by free fall, in the form of a compact, axially aligned lumber pile. Owing to the mutual support of the pieces of lumber during the loading operation, there is no possibility whatsoever of their changing their mutual positions and thus being laid at an angle in the feed compartment. They therefore retain their axial alignment, adopted in the preceding compacting of the lumber pile with some assistance by the operating personnel.
  • the feed thrust acts directly and evenly on all pieces of lumber of the pile, no relative movements between the individual pieces of lumber can occur during the cyclic feed of the lumber pile in the feed compartment, as is the case, for example, with a conveying channel equipped with conveyor belt.
  • the third process step according to which the cyclic feed of the lumber pile is divided into sections of equal length matched to the working width of the chipping unit, assures a constantly uniform, optimum loading of the chipping space and at the same time prevents the production of residual disks impairing the chip quality. In this way an optimum utilization of the chipping unit with optimum chip quality is guaranteed.
  • the fourth process step reduces the idle times of the chipping unit and thereby increases the cost-effectiveness considerably.
  • An apparatus particularly suitable for implementation of the process described above is provided by the invention.
  • a loading magazine arranged over a trough and provided with pivotal load flaps
  • the pieces of lumber delivered are packed together into a compact lumber pile by the V-shaped magazine bottom formed by the two load flaps and at the same time are aligned in the longitudinal direction, possibly with the assistance of the operating personnel.
  • this compact lumber pile suitably aligned for chipping, then drops into the trough.
  • the thrust plate which is slidingly guided in the trough, acts directly and evenly on the rear ends of the pieces of lumber.
  • the thrust plate also makes possible an exact control of the cyclic lumber feed in loading sections of equal length based on the working width of the chipping unit.
  • the loading magazine can be refilled during chipping and made ready for the next loading of the trough suitably prepared for chipping.
  • the chipping unit 1 indicated in FIG. 1 has a chipping space 2 with pressure elements 3 arranged therein.
  • the chipping unit 1, equipped with a customary cylindrical cutter rotor (not shown), is movable back and forth perpendicular to the plane of the figure on a sliding guide 4, the unit chipping whatever lumber there may be in its chipping space 2 when it moves in one direction and reopening the chipping space 2 for the next loading cycle at high speed when it moves in the other direction.
  • a trough 5 Arranged upstream of the chipping unit 1 on a frame 6 is a trough 5, which is flush with the chipping space 2 and the cross-sectional profile of which corresponds to that of the opened chipping space 2. Consequently, the side walls 7 and 8 of the trough 5 are convexly or concavely curved in cross section corresponding to the radius of the cutter rotor.
  • the thrust plate 9 which is displaceable along the trough 5 by means of a hydraulic cylinder 10.
  • the thrust plate 9 is provided with guide members 11, which slide in guidance grooves 12 which are provided in the side walls 7, 8 of the trough 5.
  • the thrust plate 9 is shifted cyclically along sections a 1 , a 2 . . . a n of equal length, which bear a relation to the depth of the chipping space 2 or the working width b of the chipping unit 1, and to the length of the pieces of lumber, as will be explained below.
  • the end position 9' of the thrust plate 9 is determined by a limit switch and only a very small gap s of about 1 mm in width remains between the cutter rotor of the chipping unit 1 and the front side of the thrust plate 9.
  • a loading magazine 13 Arranged above the trough 5 is a loading magazine 13, which essentially consists of two pivotable load flaps 14 forming a V-shaped bottom and of two end walls 15 and 16.
  • the front end wall 15 has an axial distance c from the chipping unit 1.
  • a hydraulic cylinder-piston unit 17 serves on each side for actuation of the load flaps 14.
  • a cross-conveyor 18 takes care of filling the loading magazine 13.
  • the useful axial length L of the loading magazine 13 corresponds to the maximum allowable loading width of transportation vehicles, in other words L is about 2.60 m.
  • a light-activated shut down device 20 ensures that the entire plant is shut down immediately if the trough 5 is overloaded.
  • the loading apparatus described operates as follows:
  • the pieces of lumber 21 conveyed by the cross-conveyor 18 into the loading magazine 13 form there a compact lumber pile 22 owing to the V-shaped cross section profile, at the same time being aligned in the longitudinal direction, possibly with the assistance of the operating personnel.
  • this compact lumber pile 22 suitably aligned for chipping, then drops into the trough 5.
  • There the pieces of lumber 21 build up into a lumber pile 22' filling the cross section of the trough 5 and maintaining their alignment. This pile is then pushed in sections by the thrust plate 9 into the chipping space 2 of the chipping unit 1.
  • the length of the first loading stroke a 0 is equal to the sum of the working width b of the chipping unit 1 and its distance c from the front end wall 15 of the loading magazine 13.
  • the first loading stroke a 0 is completed as soon as the longest of the lumber pieces 21, which vary slightly in length, comes into contact with the rear wall of the chipping space 2.
  • the lumber pile 22' is sized in its rear region. The sizing in the front region then takes place subsequently during the first chipping cycle, which at the same time effects a sizing cut.
  • the thrust plate 9 is stopped by a limit switch in its end position 9', in which it is spaced from the cutter rotor by only a small gap s of bout 1 mm.
  • the hold-down devices 19 are out of operation.
  • the loading magazine 13 Since the loading magazine 13 is refilled with pieces of lumber 21 during the chipping of the lumber pile 22' in the trough 5, as soon as the thrust plate 9 has returned to its initial position at high speed, it can be loaded again immediately.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a modified design with load flaps 14a, which are convexly curved in the direction of the inner space of the loading magazine 13 bounded by them.
  • the convex inside surfaces of the load flaps have proven particularly expedient for alignment of the pieces of lumber and for loading of the trough 5.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
US07/035,766 1986-04-09 1987-04-08 Process and apparatus for loading chipping machines with lumber of uniform length Expired - Lifetime US4784198A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3611866 1986-04-09
DE19863611866 DE3611866A1 (de) 1986-04-09 1986-04-09 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum beschicken von zerspanern mit stueckholz einheitlicher laenge

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US4784198A true US4784198A (en) 1988-11-15

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US07/035,766 Expired - Lifetime US4784198A (en) 1986-04-09 1987-04-08 Process and apparatus for loading chipping machines with lumber of uniform length

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US (1) US4784198A (de)
CA (1) CA1260362A (de)
DE (1) DE3611866A1 (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5063981A (en) * 1989-07-03 1991-11-12 Rauma-Repola Oy Method and means of conveyance of solid matter in pieces or particles
US5070918A (en) * 1989-07-14 1991-12-10 Pallmann Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg Feed device suitable for use with wood flaking machines
US5211688A (en) * 1990-12-21 1993-05-18 University Of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc. Apparatus and method for making wood curls
US5392829A (en) * 1994-03-03 1995-02-28 Cae Machinery, Ltd. Apparatus and method for loading of logs
US5647417A (en) * 1995-01-14 1997-07-15 Inter-Wood-Maschinen Gmbh & Co., Kg Long-timber chipping machine
US5755917A (en) * 1996-08-20 1998-05-26 Macmillan Bloedel Limited Manufacture of consolidated composite wood products
US5964264A (en) * 1997-10-21 1999-10-12 Andritz-Patentverwaltungs-Gmbh Material strander and methods therefor
US6705456B2 (en) 2002-06-07 2004-03-16 Metso Paper, Inc. Feed indexing bar conveyor
US20050016628A1 (en) * 2003-05-23 2005-01-27 Siempelkamp Maschinen-Und Anlagenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Apparatus for comminuting wood board stacks to strands

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007014293A1 (de) * 2007-03-26 2008-10-02 Richard Maier Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Hackschnitzeln

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2712842A (en) * 1951-08-10 1955-07-12 Fahrni Fred Apparatus for producing shavings
US3863848A (en) * 1974-01-02 1975-02-04 David J Mashuda Giant Tree Chopper
US3913643A (en) * 1974-02-19 1975-10-21 Multiply Dev Corp Ltd Apparatus for producing wafers from wood

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2855642A1 (de) * 1978-12-22 1980-07-03 Buerener Maschf Gmbh Vorrichtung zum befuellen mit holzmaterial
DE2910691A1 (de) * 1979-03-19 1980-10-02 Hombak Maschinenfab Kg Holzzerspanungsmaschine

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2712842A (en) * 1951-08-10 1955-07-12 Fahrni Fred Apparatus for producing shavings
US3863848A (en) * 1974-01-02 1975-02-04 David J Mashuda Giant Tree Chopper
US3913643A (en) * 1974-02-19 1975-10-21 Multiply Dev Corp Ltd Apparatus for producing wafers from wood

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5063981A (en) * 1989-07-03 1991-11-12 Rauma-Repola Oy Method and means of conveyance of solid matter in pieces or particles
AT398399B (de) * 1989-07-03 1994-11-25 Rauma Repola Oy Verfahren und vorrichtung zum fördern von stückigem oder teilchenförmigem fördergut
US5070918A (en) * 1989-07-14 1991-12-10 Pallmann Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg Feed device suitable for use with wood flaking machines
US5211688A (en) * 1990-12-21 1993-05-18 University Of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc. Apparatus and method for making wood curls
US5392829A (en) * 1994-03-03 1995-02-28 Cae Machinery, Ltd. Apparatus and method for loading of logs
US5647417A (en) * 1995-01-14 1997-07-15 Inter-Wood-Maschinen Gmbh & Co., Kg Long-timber chipping machine
US5755917A (en) * 1996-08-20 1998-05-26 Macmillan Bloedel Limited Manufacture of consolidated composite wood products
US5964264A (en) * 1997-10-21 1999-10-12 Andritz-Patentverwaltungs-Gmbh Material strander and methods therefor
US6705456B2 (en) 2002-06-07 2004-03-16 Metso Paper, Inc. Feed indexing bar conveyor
US20050016628A1 (en) * 2003-05-23 2005-01-27 Siempelkamp Maschinen-Und Anlagenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Apparatus for comminuting wood board stacks to strands
US7055562B2 (en) * 2003-05-23 2006-06-06 Siempelkamp Maschinen-Und Anlagenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Apparatus for comminuting wood board stacks to strands

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Publication number Publication date
DE3611866A1 (de) 1987-10-15
CA1260362A (en) 1989-09-26
DE3611866C2 (de) 1990-02-01

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