US4776842A - Device for the administration of medications - Google Patents
Device for the administration of medications Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4776842A US4776842A US06/846,765 US84676586A US4776842A US 4776842 A US4776842 A US 4776842A US 84676586 A US84676586 A US 84676586A US 4776842 A US4776842 A US 4776842A
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- United States
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- user
- qualifying
- rate
- time
- patient
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002483 medication Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N insulin Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CN)C(C)CC)CSSCC(C(NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2NC=NC=2)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)CNC2=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)N3C(CCC3)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)C(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C1CSSCC2NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)CC1=CN=CN1 NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 44
- 102000004877 Insulin Human genes 0.000 abstract description 22
- 108090001061 Insulin Proteins 0.000 abstract description 22
- 229940125396 insulin Drugs 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002218 hypoglycaemic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 24
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 208000003443 Unconsciousness Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 235000021152 breakfast Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTTJABKRGRZYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heparin Chemical compound OC1C(NC(=O)C)C(O)OC(COS(O)(=O)=O)C1OC1C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(O3)C(O)=O)OS(O)(=O)=O)C(CO)O2)NS(O)(=O)=O)C(C(O)=O)O1 HTTJABKRGRZYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940035676 analgesics Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000730 antalgic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006931 brain damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000874 brain damage Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 208000029028 brain injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001447 compensatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000824 cytostatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001085 cytostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002897 heparin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000669 heparin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003340 mental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
- A61M5/168—Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body
- A61M5/172—Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body electrical or electronic
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S128/00—Surgery
- Y10S128/13—Infusion monitoring
Definitions
- the invention is related to a device or an apparatus for the administration of medication, and it includes a controllable dosing unit and a control or programming unit. If so desired, the programming unit may be located or positioned separately from the dosing unit.
- Apparatuses or devices of this type are designed for the continuous infusion of liquid medications, such as heparin, cytostatics, analgesics, insulin and other hormones.
- the infusion rate can be programmed in advance; it may be constant or may vary in a cyclical manner (for example according to a daily profile) over a considerable time period. Alternatively, the infusion rate can be adjusted by hand using suitable operating elements. The infusion rate can also be adjusted to the current requirements dictated by the patient's need as detected by a sensor.
- a catheter is introduced from the device into the body.
- the apparatus can also be implanted, in which case an external control or programming unit is generally used to control and/or program the infusion rate. Apparatuses of this kind are currently available from various manufacturers, and are described in medical literature.
- Continuous, controlled or programmed infusion has the advantage, in comparison with conventional forms of therapy (such as oral administration of medication or injections) that the dosage of the medication is more accurate and can be better adapted to the actual medication need or requirements, which may be constant or may fluctuate.
- the infusion rate can either be programmed in advance for a long time period (for example, with a cyclically repeating 24-hour program), or can be adjusted by the patient to his current needs, with the aid of suitable operating elements.
- the infusion rate can be set to a fundamental basal rate that is either constant over time or programmed according to a daily profile; there can then be added at each meal a supplementary rate of limited duration. This supplementary rate takes into account the higher need for insulin during the digestion of carbohydrates.
- the result may be an overdose of insulin, causing under certain circumstances a hypoglycemic condition associated with illness and even loss of consciousness.
- Hypoglycemic conditions of this kind are particularly dangerous when they occur during sleep, because it is then impossible to take compensatory measures (e.g. reducing or turning off completely the insulin infusion or administering glucose) promptly, and it may be impossible to take them at all. In the most serious cases, irreversible brain damage or even death of the patient can result.
- An object of this invention is to provide an apparatus for the administration of medication which can automatically initiate a safety measure if the patient is unable to operate the apparatus.
- Another object of this invention is to provide an apparatus for the automatic administration of insulin that is safe in operation and protects the patient.
- the apparatus includes means for initiating a safety measure (such as turning off the dosing device or switching it to a reduced administration rate--the so-called “emergency rate”--and/or setting off an alarm) if the patient fails to initiate a checking procedure in accordance with a predetermined criterion, i.e. within a specific interval of time, or prior to the administration of a predetermined volume of medication.
- a safety measure such as turning off the dosing device or switching it to a reduced administration rate--the so-called “emergency rate”--and/or setting off an alarm
- the invention prevents a long lasting overdose when an automatic device for the administration of medications is used.
- the advantage of automatic dosing of medications in comparison with the conventional forms of administration, which were described earlier, is fully preserved.
- the infusion according to the program is permitted to continue for a limited time.
- This time may be either rigidly prescribed or adjustable, and is hereinafter referred to as the "qualifying time"
- the safety measure(s) is automatically activated.
- the infusion according to the program is permitted to deliver a limited maximum dose. This does may be either rigidly prescribed or adjustable, and is hereinafter referred to as the "qualifying dose”. If no further checking procedure is executed before a qualifying does of medication is delivered, the safety measure (a) is automatically activated.
- adjustable includes a fixed adjustment of the control unit by the manufacturer as well as a user-controlled adjustment of the qualifying time, the qualifying dose or the qualifying interval by himself according to his actual requirements.
- the checking procedure according to the invention can either be identical to or performed simultaneously with a procedure that is normally required for the use of the apparatus. For example, it can be performed along with the activation of the call switch in call-controlled insulin-dosing devices, in which case no additional operating element (such as a switch or pushbutton) is needed.
- the checking procedure can be implemented by means of an additional operating element (such as a switch or pushbutton), in the case of devices with constant or cyclically pre-programmed infusion rates, which need no regular patient operation in order to, for example, control the infusion rates.
- a signalling device can be activated at the beginning of a pre-programmed qualifying interval. This reminds the patient to, for example, eat a meal and to carry out the appropriate checking procedures. This makes it possible to ensure that at the pre-programmed time which represents the beginning of the qualifying interval (for example, at the beginning of breakfast, lunch or dinner) a reminder signal is given to remind the patient to execute the operational and/or checking procedure.
- this procedure can be triggered by the activation of the call switch for the additional dose of insulin or any other switch or button already incorporated in the dosing unit, prior to the beginning of digestion.
- the safety measure again becomes activated to protect the patient. It is desirable that the reminder signals generated at the beginning of the qualifying interval differ from those generated at the end of the qualifying interval. For example, individual or periodic acoustic signals can first be generated as a command for the patient at the beginning of the qualifying interval, while after expiration of the qualifying interval a persisting and more penetrating alarm signal can be given in order to attract the attention of not only the patient, but also of persons around him.
- the signalling device and the alarm device can form a single unit, with the different signals being distinguished by their noise level, frequency of repetition and/or other characteristics.
- FIG. 1 shows a patient with an implanted, remotely programmable apparatus for the administration of medications.
- FIG. 2 shows a daily infusion profile for call-controlled insulin dosing.
- FIG. 3A shows schematically a first embodiment of the invention using a qualifying time generator.
- FIG. 3B shows schematically a first embodiment of the invention using a qualifying interval generator.
- FIG. 4 shows schematically a second embodiment of the invention using a qualifying-dose generator.
- FIG. 5 shows schematically a third embodiment of the invention using a qualifying-interval generator and an alarm device.
- a patient P is shown with an abdominally implanted medication-dosing unit 1, and an external programmable unit or control unit 2.
- Dosing units of this kind are well-known in the art and are described, for example, in published German patent application No. DE-OS 29 20 976. Dosing units of this type can also be used outside the body and connected to the patient's body by means of a catheter.
- the control unit 2 can then be combined with the dosing unit 1 to form a single functional unit.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of an infusion profile for a 24 hour period which is typical of the so-called call-controlled insulin dose in diabetes therapy.
- the time is shown on the X-axis and the infusion rate R is shown on the Y-axis for a period of slightly more than 24 hours.
- a constant basal infusion rate 10 may amount to for example one international insulin unit per hour (1 IU/h).
- the hatched area represents the total infused insulin dose.
- the patient In order to add the supplementary rates to the basal rate, the patient must initiate an appropriate procedure, for instance by pushing a call button. This is symbolized in FIG. 2 by the respective arrows along the X axis. In the example shown, these operational procedures take place at 7:00 a.m., 12:00 noon and 7:00 p.m. (19:00 hours). Depending upon the design used, for this example a qualifying time of about 13 hours, a qualifying dose of about 20 insulin units and qualifying intervals from 6 to 8 a.m., from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. and from 6 to 8 p.m. respectively, would be appropriate.
- a dosing pump 22 delivers medication from a reservoir (not shown) to the patient (not shown).
- the pump 22 may be driven by a stepping motor or by a DC motor.
- An input stage 21 receives information about the dosage profile required for a particular patient and converts this information into a suitable form for controlling a rate generator circuit 20.
- the rate generator circuit 20 is a frequency generator; where the pump 22 is driven by a DC motor, the rate generator circuit 20 is a voltage generator.
- the switch 24 (which may be an electrical or miniaturized mechanical version of a single-pole double-throw switch) connects the pump 22 to the rate generator circuit 20.
- a qualifying time generator 30 (such as a combination of a digital clock generator and a digital electronic counter) can be programmed by a qualifying time set unit 33 to produce a logically high output when the qualifying time is reached.
- a pushbutton 23 is connected to the reset input of the qualifying time generator 30. When the pushbutton 23 is operated by a patient before the qualifying time generator has reached the time programmed into it by the qualifying time set unit 33, the timing process is restarted once again from the beginning. However, if the qualifying time generator 30 is not reset by patient operation of the pushbutton 23, the qualifying time generator 30 produces a logically high output which energizes the alarm 28 and switches the switch 24 so as to disconnect the rate generator circuit 20 from the pump 22 and to connect the rate generator circuit 25 to the pump 22 instead. Where the pump 22 is a stepping motor, the rate generator circuit 25 is a frequency generator; where the pump 22 is a DC motor, the rate generator circuit 25 is a voltage generator.
- the rate generator circuit 25 is adjusted so that the pump 22 delivers medication at a reduced emergency rate or even at a zero rate.
- the alarm 28 will be operated to alert the patient and those around him and the pump 22 will be slowed down to deliver medication at a reduced emergency rate (which may be zero).
- the pushbutton 23 has no function other than to indicate that the patient is alive and capable of acting for himself.
- the pushbutton 23 or other appropriate control may be adapted to perform a dual function.
- the qualifying interval generator 30' may be the same combination of clock and counter that was used in the qualifying time generator 30 of FIG. 3A, but reconfigured so that counting does not begin until the set input of the qualifying interval generator 30' receives an input from a starting time set unit 32.
- the starting time set unit 32 (which may itself be a combination clock and counter) sets the qualifying interval generator 30' counting at a desired time. This starts the timing of the qualifying time which is set by the qualifying time set unit 33.
- the qualifying interval generator 30' never produces a logically high output and the pump 22 remains controlled by the rate generator circuit 20 in accordance with the information inputted into the input stage 21.
- the alarm 28 is turned on and the switch 24 is set to disconnect the pump 22 from the rate generator circuit 20 and to connect it to the rate generator circuit 25, which causes the pump 22 to deliver the medication at a reduced emergency rate (which may be zero).
- the input stage 21' is configured so that a patient may cause an additional dose of medication to be administered to himself by operation of a call switch 21a. This is used for example to increase the rate at which medication is delivered to cope with a patient's needs during e.g. mealtimes.
- the circuit previously configured as either a qualifying time generator or a qualifying interval generator is now configured as a qualifying dose generator 40 (as by disabling the clock and responding instead to the output of the rate generator circuit 20).
- the qualifying dose generator 40 adds up the dose of medication delivered by the pump 22 (as represented by the output from the rate generator circuit 20) and generates a logically high output signal if this dose exceeds a qualifying dose which is determined by the qualifying dose set unit 43.
- the qualifying dose generator 40 is reset and does not operate either the alarm 28 or the switch 24.
- the qualifying dose generator 40 determines that the rate generator circuit 20 has caused the total dosage delivered by the pump 22 to the patient to equal or exceed the qualifying dose established by the qualifying dose set unit 43 without activation of the call switch 21a, the alarm 28 is energized and the pump 22 is disconnected from the rate generator circuit 20 and connected to the rate generator circuit 25, for delivering medication at a reduced (perhaps to zero) emergency rate.
- operation is identical to the embodiment of FIG. 3B, except for the operation of the signalling device 29.
- a signalling device 29 is connected to the output of the starting time set unit 32.
- the signalling device 29 is operated to inform the patient that he should begin to eat and should push the pushbutton 23 when he has begun to do so.
- the sound produced by the signalling device 29 is different from the sound produced by the alarm 28; the signalling device 29 preferably produces a sound which is audible only to the patient, while the sound produced by the alarm 28 is preferably loud enough to alert others.
- the alarm 28 and signalling device 29 may advantageously be combined into a single unit.
- the safety measures described above can also be combined with other qualifying time or qualifying dose generators to form a functional unit, for example, such that the safety circuit responds immediately when either the qualifying time has elapsed or the qualifying dose is reached before an expected operating procedure has taken place.
- This function makes possible a specific adaptation to the conditions that exist in each individual case.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19823238560 DE3238560A1 (de) | 1982-10-18 | 1982-10-18 | Vorrichtung zur abgabe von medikamenten |
DE19823244337 DE3244337A1 (de) | 1982-11-30 | 1982-11-30 | Vorrichtung zur abgabe von medikamenten |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US06543182 Continuation-In-Part | 1983-10-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US4776842A true US4776842A (en) | 1988-10-11 |
Family
ID=25805181
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US06/846,765 Expired - Lifetime US4776842A (en) | 1982-10-18 | 1986-04-01 | Device for the administration of medications |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4776842A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0107150B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA1216204A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3372073D1 (fr) |
Cited By (68)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5006997A (en) * | 1987-12-15 | 1991-04-09 | Shiley Infusaid, Inc. | Pump diagnostic system |
US5100380A (en) * | 1984-02-08 | 1992-03-31 | Abbott Laboratories | Remotely programmable infusion system |
US5108367A (en) * | 1984-02-08 | 1992-04-28 | Abbott Laboratories | Pressure responsive multiple input infusion system |
US5389071A (en) * | 1992-04-03 | 1995-02-14 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Infusion method having a plurality of delivery patterns |
US5389078A (en) * | 1993-10-06 | 1995-02-14 | Sims Deltec, Inc. | Programmable infusion pump for administering medication to patients |
US5520637A (en) * | 1995-01-31 | 1996-05-28 | Pager; David | Closed-loop system for infusing oxytocin |
USRE36871E (en) * | 1984-02-08 | 2000-09-12 | Abbott Laboratories | Remotely programmable infusion system |
US6188648B1 (en) | 1998-11-03 | 2001-02-13 | Toni L. Olsen | Diabetic care overview wristwatch |
US6248090B1 (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 2001-06-19 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Syringe with electronic representation of parameters |
EP0741570B1 (fr) * | 1994-01-28 | 2003-05-07 | G.D. SEARLE & CO. | Prevention ou de reduction des reactions de photosensibilite et/ou phototoxicite dues a des medicaments antiinfectieuses |
US6585644B2 (en) * | 2000-01-21 | 2003-07-01 | Medtronic Minimed, Inc. | Ambulatory medical apparatus and method using a telemetry system with predefined reception listening periods |
US20030152103A1 (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2003-08-14 | Gadi Karmi | System and method for persistence-vector-based rate assignment |
US20050278073A1 (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2005-12-15 | International Business Machines Corporation | Medical infusion pump capable of learning bolus time patterns and providing bolus alerts |
US20090076458A1 (en) * | 2004-10-21 | 2009-03-19 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Injection Device with Means for Signalling the Time Since the Last Injection |
US7713229B2 (en) | 2003-11-06 | 2010-05-11 | Lifescan, Inc. | Drug delivery pen with event notification means |
US7927313B2 (en) | 2004-05-27 | 2011-04-19 | Baxter International Inc. | Medical device configuration based on recognition of identification information |
US20110152830A1 (en) * | 2009-12-17 | 2011-06-23 | Hospira, Inc. | Systems and methods for managing and delivering patient therapy through electronic drug delivery systems |
US20110208125A1 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2011-08-25 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Medical injection device with time delay indicator |
US8287495B2 (en) | 2009-07-30 | 2012-10-16 | Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. | Infusion pump system with disposable cartridge having pressure venting and pressure feedback |
US8408421B2 (en) | 2008-09-16 | 2013-04-02 | Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. | Flow regulating stopcocks and related methods |
US8650937B2 (en) | 2008-09-19 | 2014-02-18 | Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. | Solute concentration measurement device and related methods |
US8690856B2 (en) | 2002-02-28 | 2014-04-08 | Smiths Medical Asd, Inc. | Insulin pump having missed meal bolus alarm |
US8961461B2 (en) | 2004-05-27 | 2015-02-24 | Baxter International Inc. | Multi-state alarm system for a medical pump |
US8986253B2 (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2015-03-24 | Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. | Two chamber pumps and related methods |
US8992475B2 (en) | 1998-08-18 | 2015-03-31 | Medtronic Minimed, Inc. | External infusion device with remote programming, bolus estimator and/or vibration alarm capabilities |
US9962486B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2018-05-08 | Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. | System and method for detecting occlusions in an infusion pump |
US9971871B2 (en) | 2011-10-21 | 2018-05-15 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Medical device update system |
US9995611B2 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2018-06-12 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Air detection system and method for detecting air in a pump of an infusion system |
US10022498B2 (en) | 2011-12-16 | 2018-07-17 | Icu Medical, Inc. | System for monitoring and delivering medication to a patient and method of using the same to minimize the risks associated with automated therapy |
US10042986B2 (en) | 2013-11-19 | 2018-08-07 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Infusion pump automation system and method |
US10046112B2 (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2018-08-14 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Multi-sensor infusion system for detecting air or an occlusion in the infusion system |
US10166328B2 (en) | 2013-05-29 | 2019-01-01 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Infusion system which utilizes one or more sensors and additional information to make an air determination regarding the infusion system |
US10238801B2 (en) | 2009-04-17 | 2019-03-26 | Icu Medical, Inc. | System and method for configuring a rule set for medical event management and responses |
US10242060B2 (en) | 2006-10-16 | 2019-03-26 | Icu Medical, Inc. | System and method for comparing and utilizing activity information and configuration information from multiple medical device management systems |
US10238799B2 (en) | 2014-09-15 | 2019-03-26 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Matching delayed infusion auto-programs with manually entered infusion programs |
US10258736B2 (en) | 2012-05-17 | 2019-04-16 | Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. | Systems including vial adapter for fluid transfer |
US10311972B2 (en) | 2013-11-11 | 2019-06-04 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Medical device system performance index |
US10314974B2 (en) | 2014-06-16 | 2019-06-11 | Icu Medical, Inc. | System for monitoring and delivering medication to a patient and method of using the same to minimize the risks associated with automated therapy |
US10333843B2 (en) | 2013-03-06 | 2019-06-25 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Medical device communication method |
US10342917B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2019-07-09 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Infusion system and method which utilizes dual wavelength optical air-in-line detection |
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US10434246B2 (en) | 2003-10-07 | 2019-10-08 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Medication management system |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3372073D1 (en) | 1987-07-23 |
EP0107150B1 (fr) | 1987-06-16 |
CA1216204A (fr) | 1987-01-06 |
EP0107150B2 (fr) | 1992-04-15 |
EP0107150A1 (fr) | 1984-05-02 |
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