US47601A - Improvement in rock-drills - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES,

PATENT OFFICE. if,

THOMAS J. LOVEGROVE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR QT()` HIMSELF AND HENRY BALDWIN, JR.

IMPROVEMENT =|N PiocKeoalLLs.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 47.601. dated May 2,

To a/ZZ whom it may concern.-

. Beit known that I, THoMAsJ. LovEGRovE, ofthe city and vcounty of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefulA Improvement in Tools for Boring Artes'ian or Oil Wells; of which the 'following is a fnl'l, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying`drawings, which make part of this specicaticn, in whichl Figure 1 represents a view in elevationo'f my improved boring apparatus with a por tion of the casin g broken away to show the interior; Fig. 2, a vertical central section through the same ,Fi g. 3, a transverse section at the line ir w of Fig. 2; Fig. 4, a similar section at thel line y y, and Fig. 5 a view in elevation of the face of the tool.

The objects of my invention are to prevent the jamming or sticking of the boring-tool, to rotate it automatically, and to remove the detritus from the bottom as fast as formed 5 and to these ends myimprovement consists, first, in a drill perforated from its face to its head, in combination with a valve so placed in relation thereto as to be capable of removing the detritus created by its action second, in a drill having its cutting-edge partly at right angles to its line of vibration, and partly sloped downward from center to circumference, or from heel to toe, at an obtuse angleto its line of vibration, whereby the drill is caused to glance to one side and cut a hole of a diameter larger than that of the. drill itself; third, in a drill having two or more cutting-edges on one side and a single cutting-edge in a higher plane on the other, whereby a cone is left in the center of the Well by the polygonal cutter,

and afterward removed by the single cutter; fourth, in a drill having cutting-edges in different horizontal planes and at right angles to each other; fifth, in combining with a drill having cutting-edges in different horizontal planes wings, iianges, or wedges to rotate the drill; sixth, in combining with a drill turning flanges capable of adjustment so as to pro-d ject more on one side than on the other.

In the accompanying drawings, which eX- emplify one mode of carrying out my invention, a hollow or perforated drill, A, is shown as constructed with a single radial Vcuttingedge, a, and one side extending across about two-thirds of the diameter of the drill at a right angle to the line of the vibration, and

in this instance with four cnttingledges on the remaining portion of the face of the drill,

and in alowerhorizontal plane. These edges consist of a horizontal cuttingedge, a,ion the inner edge of the lower cutting-surface, ata right angle to the radial fline a, two diverging'straight cutting-edges, a2 a3, sloping outward and downward from the line a', and a curved edge, a4, connecting the edges a2 a?. These edges form a chamber or concavity, b, in the face of thedrill, fromwhich Aa perforation or channel, B, leads toa jar-chamber, (l.

A ball-valve, D,prevents the return Vof any detritus, Ste., which .has once passed up, and 'is restrained by a suitable stop or guide,

Wings, flanges, or guides F are projected Vfrom each side of the drill, and are `provided withcutting-edges sloped in opposite '-direci tions, to rotate the drill on the downstroke. By putting a slot through the drill these anges can be made in one piece and fastened by a wedge or set-screw, so that they may be made to project more on one side than on the other, and thus the projecting edge would aid in throwing the drill to one side to enlarge corresponding ratchet, i', on the jar-chambenj A flexible discharge pipe or hose, J, leads from the jar to the place of discharge.'

l prefi r to vibrate the drill by means, of two ropes, K, of 4wire,one attached to each side of the jar-tube Gr.

The operation of the apparatus 1s as folK lows: As the tool descends, the wings Fscrape against the sides of the well and rotate the y i i drill in the direction of the arrow in Fig. l. The water, detritus, &c., in the well passes up through the channel B into the jar-chami i ber C. After thedrill hasvstruck, the piston H descends inthe jar-chamber a distance greater or less, according tothe force requisite for the upward blow. During its descent the weight of the piston presses against the water in the jarchamber, forcing the larger portion up the tube G, while part enters the chamber h and issues out through the holes or openings 7L into the space in the jar-chamber above the piston H. O11 the next(upward) stroke this water above the piston H is forced down through the channelsh and forced out at a tangent through the openin gs h, and thus turns the piston in a direction opposite lo that in which the drill was turned, which in thus turning twists the ropes K. When the upstroke begins, the ratchets i z" lock into each other and prevent the drill and piston from turning independently of each other. As the rising movement continues, the untwisting of the ropes causes the tool to rotate in the direction originally given on the downstroke, and this movement is aided by the discharge of the water from the chamber h', as above described. As the drill rotates, the lower cutting-surface chips out an annular groove around the circumference of the Well, leaving a short stem or core in the center, which is removed 'by the radial cutting-edge a. By this arrangement I cut both in cross and radial lines intersecting each other, and am thus enabled to bore much more rapidlythan could be done by the ordinary single-edged cutting to ils.

rI he details of my invention may be modiell invarious Ways without departing from the spirit of my invention. For instance, the

drill might have a plain face, and a channel leadingdirectly from the face through'thehead. WhatI claim herein as new, and. desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A rock-drill perforated from its face to its head, and having cutting-edges around the perforation, in combination with a valve, sub

stantially as described, for the purpose of removing the detritus through the drill.

2. A drill having part of its cutting-surface radial to its center and at a'right angle to its line of vibration and the other part sloped downward from heel to toe at an obtuse angle to its line of vibration, substantially in the cuttingedges in different horizontal planes,

of the Wings or anges for rotating the drill, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof l have hereunto subscribed my name.

T. J LOVEGROVE.

Witnesses:

WM. D. BALDWIN, HENRY BALDWIN.

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