US613340A - Bit for diamond drills - Google Patents

Description

Patented Nov. I, I898.

G. VDLLATH.

BIT FOR DIAMOND DRILLS.

(Application filed June 1, 1896 (No Model.)

Attorney w%/////////////// millhlLll 2%- 2 1 NiTE rArEs' ATENT eEoRcE VOLLATH, or FARMINGTON, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR TO HIMsELE AND DEDERIGK BAUMAN, OF SAME PLACE, AND OLIVER H. PICHER,

OF .IOPLIN, MISSOURI.

BIT FOR DIAMOND DRILLSI SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 613,340, dated iil'ovembi- 1, 1898.

Application filed June 1, 1896. Serial No. 593,689. (N0 model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE VOLLATH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Farmington, in the county of St. Francois, in the State of Missouri, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Bits for Diamond Drills, of which the following is a true and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof.

My invention relates to the bits used in connection with what are known as diamond drills, and particularly to what are known as solid bits, with which it is customary to work until a mineral-bearing zone is reached, when the core-bit is substituted for the solid bit.

Quite generally the solid bit used is made up of the core-bit and an inner solid bit fitting in-the cylindrical center of the core-bit and firmly clamped in position, so that the annular and solid bits work as and practically are one solid bit, while the inner solid bit can be easily removed when desired.

As solid bits have heretofore been constructed they have been provided with a central hole or perforation through which water is passed to the cutting-face of the drill and through which a small core forces itself upward. The advantage of preserving this core is, however, very small, because it is always very imperfect and because in working through the ground until a mineral-bearing zone is reached the character of the ground can be ascertained quite satisfactorily by means of the sludge forced up on the outside of the bit and drilling-tubes; but while for the reasons given these small cores are of but little value they prove in practice a source of great trouble, owing to their tendency to break up and jam in the central perforation of the solid bit, in which case they not only prevent the bit from passing downward properly, but also cut off the supply of water necessary to cool the bit and carry the sludge upward. Now my object is to improve the solid bit so as to obviate the danger of jamming, and I accomplish this, primarily,by providing a bit with two or more longitudinal perforations, but one of which of course can be a central perforation, also by making the central perforation, which I prefer to use, although it is not essential, of quite small di ameter, so as to insure the cutting and breaking up of the rock which passes through it; also, I form my bit with a transverse groove extending from side to side on the face of the bit and communicating with the ends of the longitudinal perforations, this groove being for the purpose of permitting the free passage of sludge to the outside of the bit. Preferably I form the solid bit in the usual way, using the core-bit and the inner solid bit to make up the composite solid bit, and in this case I form slots through the face of the corebits edge,which register with and form a continuation of the transverse groove in the face of the inner solid bit.

Reference is now had to the drawings, in which my improved bit is illustrated in its preferred construction, and in which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal section on the line 1 1 of Fig. 2; Fig. 2, a longitudinal section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3, an end view; Fig. 4c,a side elevation of the internal solid bit, and Fig. 5 a side elevation of the core-bit.

A indicates the core-shell, having an inner shoulder A and an internally-threaded extension A B is a core-bit having an external shoulder 13 and an externally-threaded extension B which screws into the internally-threaded extension A of the core-shell.

O is the solid bit, which, as shown, is provided with an annular shoulder O, which in practice is clamped between the shoulder A and the top of the threaded extension B and with laterally-extending lugs C C, which fit into slots B in the top of the extension 13 of the core-bit, and thus lock the inner and outer bit portions together.

0 indicates a transverse groove on the face of the inner solid bit, which preferably is made to register with and open into slots B B formed in the edge of the core-bit.

C is a central perforation in the solid bit, which preferably is made of considerably less diameter than has heretofore been the case and of such diameter that the projecting edges of the diamonds set upon its edge will out and break up the rock through which the drill is passing, preventing the formation of a core which would pass through the perforation C The necessary and proper area for the passage of water to the face of the bit B is provided for by eccentric perforations, as indicated at 0 C and preferably all of the perforations should open into the sludgegroove C so that thewater Will have an uninterrupted passage from the tubular coreshell through the bit and to the outside of the bit.

My construction by which I provide two, and preferably 1nore,perforations for the passage of water to the face of the bit is advantageous not only in permitting me to decrease the size of the central perforation, so as to avoid the formation of a core, but also because in case of the jamming of material in any one perforation there is still suflicient area for the passage of Water left in the other perforations, and such jams as from time to time occur are therefore not mischievous, and owing to the free passage of water and sludge through the unjammed perforations and the sludge-slot the jams as a rule are of but short duration and do not require the lifting of the drill for their removal.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A solid bit for diamond drilling having a small central perforation, one or more additionalperforations and a transverse sludgegroove as O on its face connecting the ends of said perforations.

2. The combination with a core-bit as B- of an inner bit as 0 having two or more lon- 40 gitudinal perforations for the passage of water and a transverse sludge-groove as C on its face with which said perforations communicate.

3. The combination with a core-bit as B having transverse sludge-slots B B of an inner solid bit as O haxing a sludge-groove C arranged to register with slots B a small central perforation and one or more eccentric perforations all communicating with the 50 sludge-groove.

GEORGE VOLLATLL WVitnesses:

MERRILL PIPKIN, W. H. YOUNG;

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