US797622A - Core-drill. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED AUG. 22, 1905.

W. 3- SMITH. GORE DRILL. APPLICATION FILED A,PR.11, 190s.

PATENTED AUG. 22, 1905.

W. 3. SMITH.

CORE DRILL. APPLICATION FILED APRIL 1905.

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APPLICATION FILED APR 11, 1905 ca 0 G Witnesses UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. WILLIAM S. SMITH, OF BIGRU'N, PENNSYLVANIA.

CORE-DRILL Patented Aug. 22, 1905.

Application filed April 11,1906. Burial No. 255,037-

.lo a/Z l whom it may concern:

Be it known thatl, WILLIAM S. SMITH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bigrun, in the county of J efl'erson and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Core-Drills, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of drills in which atubular drilling tool is used to make an annular cut and form a central body or core which extends into the tool and which may be removed for examination in order to determine the character of the material through which the boring is edected.

Urdinarily the cutter carries diamonds and is rotated rapidly, water being supplied to the cutter in order to wash away the material as fast as cut out in order to allow the diamonds to operate .most efiiciently; but there is an objection to the use of water in this way, because this water will often destroy or injure the core received by the tool and which it is desirable to preserve and inspect. Sometimes the core instead of being hard is relatively soft and easily affected by water.

Une object of my invention is to provide a tool of the class specified which will operate efficiently withoutthe necessity ofusing water; and a further object of my invention is to pro vide a tool which need not be rotated, but which can be reciprocated to out the annular hole around the core, the powdered material being allowed to rise between the core-barrel and the outer casing and find its exit through suitable openings in the casing.

in my drill the inner tube or core-barrel is stationary while the cutter is being reciprocated, and inasmuch as the cutter is adapted to turn to a limited extent. during reciprocation provision is made for allowing this turning movement without moving the core-barrel or inner tube. I

Inasmuch as the core-barrel does not reciprocate or rotate it is desirable in order that the core-may be properly formed to provide the core-barrel with a cutting edge which shall shave down around the core as the operation progresses, thus allowing the corebarrel to descend properly with the main cutter. The tool is so constructed that each time that the main cutter drops it imparts 'a smart blow to the core-barrel, causing the cutter at its lower end to cut or shave thecore in the manner before specified.

In some cases the core is so soft and crumbly that it isdiflicult to remove it from the corebarrel for inspection intact. I therefore provide a way by which the material maybe inspected without removing the core from the core-barrel, and I have also provided means by which the core barrel may be readily detached from the tool without separating other parts of the tool .from their support. Sometimes-the core is of such soft material that the ordinary gripping devices will not hold the corein the barrel. 1 have provided a device which will hold the core in place no matter how soft it may be.

Other features of my invention are plainly illustrated in the accompanying drawings and will be hereinafter fully described.

Figure 1 shows a side elevation of my improved core-drill. Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section thereof, the upper part, however, being shown in elevation. Fig. 3 is a view in longitudinal section, on'an enlarged scale,with parts broken away of my improved drill. 'Fig. lis a perspective view of the drill-head and the weighted head oi the core barrel. Fig. 5 shows a transverse section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 3. Figs. 6, 7, and it are transverse sections on thelines 6 l5, 7 7,, and 8 8 of Fig. 3. Fig.

9 is a view, on an enlarged scale, illustrating particularly the way in which the bits or cutters are connected with their tubes. Fig. 10 shows an end view or the cutters. Fig.1]. shows an elevation ota modified form of cutter. Fig. 12 shows aside elevation of acore- -tube provided with a removable section allowing the core to be inspected without its removal t'rorn'the core-barrel. Fig. 13 shows a vertical section of a modified form. of cutter for the core-barrel and a device for sustaining the core when the latter is of powdered or soft material, this device taking the place of the gripping springs or dogs usually employed. Fig. 14 shows a transverse section on the line 16 16 of Fig. 12. Figs. 15

and 16 are detail views of the construction shown in Fig. 13. Fig. 17 is an elevation of the valve sometimes used in the core-barrel, and Fig. .18 is a perspective view thereof.

My improved core-drill is adapted to be attached to the apparatus usually employed for operating the ordinary churn-drills, in which a reciprocating motion is given to the drilling-tool and no rapid rotary movement is given to the tool, although, as is common in such apparatus, the tool is usually turned to some extent at each reciprocation. My coredrill canbe easilyv applied to the lower drilltwo such tubes and cutters, although in some cases only one need be employed. The head or cap E is formed with a screw top or end 6,

adapting it to be attached to a drill-rod, and

it is formed with a square or hexagonal sur-- face 6, to which a wrench may be applied when detaching or attaching the core-drill to the rod. The outer tube D is attached at d to the drill-head by screw-threads, and the tube O is attached to a reduced portion E of the head at e by screw-threads. In this way an annular space a is left between the tubes (3 and D. The cutters c d are preferably of the form shown on an enlarged scalein Figs. 3, 9, and 10. It will be observed that the teeth are quite long, and they are beveled in opposite directions so as to efliciently cut the material by being merely reciprocated therein.

The cutters are connected by screw-threads at G to the tubes 0 and D, respectively, and are detachable therefrom. By the use of two concentric cutters a clear annular cut is made around the core, and some of the material cut out finds its way up between the core-barrel A and the tubes C and D. The tubes C and D are slotted, as shown at H, to allow the pulverized material to escape, and if water filters through the earth it will also find its way' out through .these slots. Openings J J are also made at the top of the tubes C and D for the escape of the powdered material and any water that may find its way to the top of the tu es.

Each of the bits or cutters is formed with perforations K to receive a spanner-wrench, by means of which the cutter may be detached from its tube. The core-barrel Ais attached by screw-threads to a cap M, which surrounds a nivotN, projecting downwardly from a head 0, which latter'is weighted or made of heavy material, so as to normally holdthe core-barrel depressed while the other parts of the tool are being elevated in the ordinary operation of drilling. Nuts P are attached to the pivot or stem N below the capM to hold the corebarrel in place but permit the head 0 to turn without turning the barrel. The middle tube 0 is formed with a series of longitudinal slots Q, through which-project pins R, attached to the head 0 and having heads 7* interposed between the tubes 0 and D. By these devices the tubes C and D are held a proper distance apart at their upper ends, and the tubes are allowed to reciprocate without reciprocating the core-barrel. Similar bolts S T are employed for holding the core-barrel and the tubes C and D the proper distances apart near their lower ends. The arrangement is such,

however, that while these devices space the venous tubes the tubes 0 and D are allowed to recip' rocate freely without reciprocating the ,corebarrel.

' Thecap M is formed'with recesses m, and recesses or holes at are forlned'in the outer tube D. By bringing the holes m and a into alinement one or I more pins may be inserted so as to connect the core-barrel A and the tubes and to cause the core-barrel to project at its lower end beyond the cutters 0 and d.

When this is done, the core-barrel may bedetached from its cap by means of a spannerwrench, and the barrel, with the core, maybe taken out without separating any of-th'e other parts. The. cutters 0 andd may be easily removed holes K. v The core-barrel is provided with an annular cutter U. which is connected by screwthreadsu to the core-barrel, so as to be detachable therefrom. The cutter has one or more holes a to receive a spanner-wrench. The core-barrel is formed with a hole 2:, which maybe made to register-with the holes K K.

If a pin is inserted through these holes, the

core-barrel will he preventedv from rotating, and the bit or cutter U may be removed by a spanner-wrench engaging the holes a. This may be done without detaching the core-barrel from its cap; but, as before stated, the core-barrel may be detached from its cap in the manner before explained whenever desired. v

The core-barrel is shown in Fig. 2 as carrying ordinary spring gripping-dogs U. The core-barrel is formed, preferably, at its upper end with holes if to permit the exit of water that may find its way into the core-barrel. Preferably the upper end of the head 0 is rounded toiit a concave recess atthe lower end of head E. As the head E recip'rocates it strikes the head 0 a smart blow at each downward movement and causes the cutter U' to shavethe core while it is being formed by the cutters c d. 7 it is not absolutely essential that the slots H and the other exits should be employed, as the drill will operate under some circumstances without these provisions,

and, as before stated, it is not essential that both tubes 0 and D should be used, as one may sometimes be employed in connection with the core-barrel.

Diflerentkinds of cutters are often used on different kinds of materials. 'In'Fig. 11 I have shown a modified form of cutter which may sometimes be employed.

In Figs. 12 and 14 the core-barrel is shown as provided with aremovable section X, which is held in place by screws By removing these screws the core may be inspected without removing it from the core-barrel.v This.

is a very desirable feature, inasmuch as often the-core is so soft or crumbly that it cannot be removed as a whole 1 from the barrel, so

that it is impossible under such circumstances to examine the various strata or arrangement I by spanner-wrenches engaging the the core.

of the material of the core; but by my improvements this can readilybe done.

Sometimes the material is so soft that the ordinary gripping-dogs will not properly hold I therefore under such circumstances preferably use the construction shown in Fig. 13 as a substitute for the cutter U of the core-barrel. In this instance ll have shown a valve Y, hinged at y to a removable sec.- tion Y of the cutter. The section Y is ordinarily held in place by screws Y; but by detaching the screws Y the section Y, with the valve Y, may be taken out. A spring Z, attached to the section Y, bears against the valve Y and tends to close it or move it to the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 13. in the operation of drilling as the core-barrel descends the core as it rises in the core-barrel will hold the valve Yin the elevated position (shown in full lines in Fig. 13) within the recess a; but when the core-barrel is raised with the tool-that is, when the tool is being removed from the hole which it has formed the valve Y will be moved to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 13 in such manner as to sustain the core and prevent it from being broken up or otherwise destroyed or injured. it will be observed that the valve is curved, so that, while it can entirely close the bore of the barrel when it is elevated, as shown in Fig. 13, it will allow the core to entirely fill the bore of the barrel.

ll claim as my invention 1. A non-rotary drill comprising a corebarrel adapted to remain at rest dur ng the drilling operation and a reciprocating annular cutter surrounding the core-barrel and having a swivel connection with the upper end thereof.

2. A non-rotary drill comprising a corebarrel having an annular cutter at its lower end and a reciprocating tube carrying an an nular cutter surrounding the core-barrel having a swivel connection with the upper end of the core-barrel and adapted to strike the upper end of the core-barrel on its downward movement.

3. The combination of a core-barrel, a tube or casing surrounding it carrying a cutter at its lower end, a head to which said tube is secured, a head for the core-barrel to which the latter is' swiveled and a cutter on the corebarrel.

4. The combination of a core-barrel having a cutter at one end and a cap at the other, a head to which the cap is swiveled, a tube or casing surrounding the core-barrel carrying an annular cutter and a head to which the tube or casing is attached and which is adapted to strike the head of the core-barrel for the purpose specified.

5. The combination of a core-barrel, its head, a slotted tube surrounding the core-barrel and carrying a cutter, pins secured to the core-barrel head and extending through the slots, and a head to which the latter tube' is attached.

6. The combination of a surrounding tube or casing carrying a cutter, a core-barrel, a head for the core-barrel adapted to turn with the tube or casing, a cap detachably connected with the core-barrel and swiveled or pivoted to the head and devices for connecting the cap with the casing, whereby the cap is locked to the casing for the purpose specified.

7 The combination of a tube or casing carrying a cutter and provided with longitudinal slots, a core-barrel, a head to which it is swiveled, and pins connected with said head and extending through the slots, whereby the head is guided and the movement of the tube or casing relatively to the head is limited.

8. The combination of a core-barrel, two concentric tubes surrounding the core-barrel and both carrying cutters at their lower ends and the headed bolts interposed between the tubes and barrel for holding them proper distances apart.

9. The combination of a core-barrel, its head, the cap secured to the top of the corebarrel having a swivel connection with the head, tubes surrounding the core-barrel and provided with openings at and holes a in the surrounding tubes adapted to register with the holes m for the purpose specified.-

10. The combination of a head E adapted to be attached to an ordinary drill-rod, a tube or casing attached thereto carrying an annular cutter at its lower end formed with oppositelybeveled teeth, a corebarrel, a head therefor adapted to be struck by the first-mentioned head, and a swivel connection between the core-barrel and its head.

11. The combination of a reciprocating annular cutter and a core-barrel contained within but removable from the cutter and which is provided with a removable side section which enables the core to be inspected without its removal from the core-barrel.

12. A core barrel for drills having a remov able side section extending approximately from end to end of the barrel and being formed when in place to constitute an integral part of the barrel.

13. The combination of a core-barrel having a removable side section Y, and a springactuated valve attached thereto adapted to close the core-barrel below the core.

14. The combination of a core-barrel, having an annular cutter at its lower end, devices for engaging or holding the core in the core-barrel, a cap for the barrel, a head to which the cap is pivotally connected, a head adapted to be secured to a drill-rod, two concentric tubes 'detachably connected with said head, means for holding the tubes a proper distance apart, exit-openings for permitting the powdered ,material to escape from the tubes, and exit-openings for permitting wathe eutter may be detached from the-coreter to escape from the core-barrel. 7 barrel.

15. The combination of a core-barrel hav- In testimony whereof I have hereunto subiiig the perforation v and provided with a scribed my name. detachable 'c'utter, a surrounding tube carry- WILLIAM S ing an annular cutter andhavingan opening I K adapted to register with the opening 41, Witnessesi whereby a. tool or pin may be inserted to lock SAMUEL S. ATWELL,

v the core-barrel to the surrounding tube and W. B. PURVIs.

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