US4758817A - Acoustic apparatus with theft detector for automobile - Google Patents
Acoustic apparatus with theft detector for automobile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4758817A US4758817A US06/946,871 US94687186A US4758817A US 4758817 A US4758817 A US 4758817A US 94687186 A US94687186 A US 94687186A US 4758817 A US4758817 A US 4758817A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- acoustic apparatus
- interior panel
- automobile
- operating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
- B60R11/02—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
- B60R11/02—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof
- B60R11/0205—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof for radio sets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
- B60R11/02—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof
- B60R11/0211—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof for record carriers apparatus, e.g. video recorders, tape players or CD players
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
- B60R11/02—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof
- B60R11/0217—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof for loud-speakers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B3/00—Audible signalling systems; Audible personal calling systems
- G08B3/10—Audible signalling systems; Audible personal calling systems using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
- B60R2011/0096—Theft prevention of articles
- B60R2011/0098—Theft prevention of articles using electric or electronic means, e.g. alarms, codes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T70/00—Locks
- Y10T70/50—Special application
- Y10T70/5093—For closures
- Y10T70/554—Cover, lid, cap, encasing shield
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T70/00—Locks
- Y10T70/50—Special application
- Y10T70/5093—For closures
- Y10T70/554—Cover, lid, cap, encasing shield
- Y10T70/5544—Pivoted
- Y10T70/5549—Cover-carried lock
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an acoustic apparatus such as a radio receiver and/or tape player that can be mounted into an interior panel such as a dashboard or console panel of automobiles, and more particularly to an acoustic apparatus with a theft detector for automobiles that can respond to the detachment of the acoustic apparatus from an interior panel.
- an acoustic apparatus such as a radio receiver and/or tape player that can be mounted into an interior panel such as a dashboard or console panel of automobiles
- an acoustic apparatus with a theft detector for automobiles that can respond to the detachment of the acoustic apparatus from an interior panel.
- a front mount structure wherein the acoustic apparatus is mounted from the front of an interior panel into a rectangular aperture formed in the interior panel.
- the acoustic apparatus housing is made to have a size to be inserted through the rectangular aperture formed in the interior panel and is fixed to the interior panel with the housing inserted in the aperture.
- a mount structure where mount springs engageable with the rear surface of the interior panel are provided on the opposite side surfaces of an acoustic apparatus housing in one of the well known fashions of a front mount structure.
- the front section of an acoustic apparatus housing is formed with a flange section larger than the rectangular aperture and the flange section is fixed to the front surface of the interior panel by screws.
- a mount structure where wedge members engageable with the rear surface of the interior panel are provided on opposite side surfaces of an acoustic apparatus housing such that they can be depressed, and the wedge members are moved by rotating operating screws secured to the front surface of the acoustic apparatus housing is also known.
- This wedge type front mount structure is disclosed, for example, in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No. 61-53797, laid open on Mar. 17, 1986, and owned by the assignee of the present invention. While the mount structure wherein screws are operated on the front side of the interior panel can facilitate the attachment and detachment of the acoustic apparatus to and from the interior panel, there are many chances that the acoustic apparatus may be stolen.
- the object of the invention is to provide an acoustic apparatus for automobiles that has a front mount operating type mount structure which can facilitate the attachment and detachment of the acoustic apparatus to and from an interior panel.
- the acoustic apparatus can detect the detachment of the acoustic apparatus from the interior panel without permission.
- an exclusive alarm buzer may be actuated, or a known automobile theft preventive apparatus or automobile theft informing apparatus may be triggered.
- the present acoustic apparatus can be used as a trigger of an inactivating circuit disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,494,114 mentioned above.
- an acoustic apparatus for an automobile that can be mounted into an interior panel formed with an aperture such as a dashboard of the automobile can be provided.
- the acoustic apparatus comprises a housing having a size capable of being inserted into the aperture, the housing including a rear section that is to be positioned behind the interior panel, a front section that is to be exposed on the front side of the interior panel and opposite side surface sections each extending between the rear surface section and the front surface section, mount means for detachably fixing the housing to the interior panel, each of the mount means having a manual mount member for attaching and detaching that is provided on the front surface section of the housing, an electric circuit arrangement positioned in the housing and including switch means capable of being operated from the front the of the interior panel through said aperture, and protective members for covering the manual mount members, the protective members having operating members for the switch means. When the protective members are removed, a detection electric current is passed to the electric current arrangement upon response to the switch means.
- the mount means has a front operating wedge-shaped mount structure as disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No. 61-53797 mentioned above.
- the electric circuit arrangement includes an alarm buzzer that produces a warning or alarming signal upon response to the removal of the protective member.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view, with parts exploded, of an acoustic apparatus for automobiles according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a side elevational view, with essential parts in section, of the acoustic apparatus for automobiles shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a side elevational view of a modified embodiment of the acoustic apparatus shown in FIG. 2.
- an acoustic apparatus for automobiles has an operating unit 2 on the front of a main body unit 1 and an attachment frame 3 on the rear side of the main body unit 1.
- the operating unit 2 is illustrated roughly for the sake of clarity, the operating unit 2, in practice, is provided with a tuning dial, various operating buttons for a radio receiver and a tape player cassette receiving opening and various operating buttons as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,211,976 mentioned above. Further, an arrangement required for the radio receiver and a tape player is housed in the main body unit 1.
- An interior panel 4 such as a dashboard of an automobile is formed with a rectangular aperture 5, in known manner, to which the acoustic apparatus can be attached.
- the main body unit 1 includes a housing 11 having a size fittable into the rectangular aperture 5 of the interior panel 4, and the housing 11 has a rear surface 11a that is situated behind the interior panel 4 inside the dashboard, a front surface 11b that is arranged in the aperture 5, and opposite side surfaces 11c each extending between the rear surface 11b and the front surface 11a.
- Each of the opposite side surfaces 11c of the housing 11 has a front operating and wedge-shaped mount structure 7 secured thereto and is known per se. Because this mount structure is disclosed in above-mentioned Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No.
- each of the mount structures has a guide frame 71 secured to the housing side surface 11a, a locking member 72 supported slidably along the guide frame 71 and a lead screw 73 for moving the locking member 72.
- the lead screw 73 is supported rotatably in the housing 1, and has at its end an operating knob 74 extending out of the front surface 11b of the housing 1. By rotating the operating knob 74, the locking member 72 can be moved along the guide frame 71.
- the axis of the lead screw 73 is in an imaginary vertical plane slightly offset from the imaginary vertical plane where the housing side surface 11c is located, and therefore the locking member 72 that is moved along the axis of the lead screw 73 can be positioned in a plane of the housing side surface 11c or can be positioned to project out of the housing side surface 11c according to its location.
- the mount structure 7 After the housing 11 is inserted into the aperture 5 of the interior panel 4, and when the lead screw 73 is rotated by the operating knob 74 to move the locking member 72 along the lead screw 73 to be projected out of the housing side surface 11c, the locking member 72 is engaged with the interior panel 4 in a wedge-like manner so that the housing 1 can be attached to the interior panel 4 firmly.
- the operating unit 2 is firmly fixed to the front surface 11b of the housing 11 of the main body unit 1, and the opposite sides of the operating unit 2 are formed with notches 22 to which detachable protective covers 21 are attached.
- Each of the protective covers 21 covers the operating knob 4 extending into the notch 22 from the front surface 11b of the main body housing 11, thereby concealing the operating knob 74 from the outside.
- a specific electric circuit arrangement 8 including a switch means 81 operable from the side of the front surface 11b is situated in the housing 11.
- the electric circuit arrangement 8 includes a theft detector 82 provided in the attachment frame 3 attached to the rear surface of the main body unit 1 and a power source 83 that may be a suitable battery in an automobile and can operate the theft detector 82 in response to ON or Off of the switch means 81.
- the theft detector 82 may be an alarm buzzer for producing an alarm sound signal or a trigger apparatus for a known automobile theft preventive apparatus or automobile theft informing apparatus.
- the switch means 81 and the theft detector 82 are connected via a connector 88 and the detector 82 and the powder source 83 are connected similarly via a connector 89.
- the switch means 81 consists of two switches 84 and 86 of the same type, and each of the switches 84 and 86 includes a pair of forked contact members 85 that are normally closed and are springy, and insulating blocks 86 supporting the contact members 85.
- the open ends of the pair of forked contact members 85 of the switch are arranged opposite to the notch 22 of the operating unit 2.
- the protective cover 21 adaptable to the notch 22 is provided with two switch operating plates 23 of an electrical insulator, and when the protective cover 21 is attached to the notch 22, the switch operating plates 23 are inserted into the pairs of contact members 85 of the associated switch 84 thereby turning the switch means 81 OFF.
- the switch operating plates 23 is removed from the pairs of contact members 85 to close the switch 84, and the electric circuit arrangement 8 passes a detection current through the contact members 85 and is activated.
- the acoustic apparatus can be prevented from being detached without permission.
- the protective cover 21 since the protective cover 21 has the two switch operating plates 23 secured to the protective cover that are inserted between the pairs of forked contact membes 85 of the respective switches 84 and 86, and clamped by the contact members 85, it would not be required that an additional support structure for attaching the cover 21 to the housing 11 or the operating unit 2.
- a known microswitch 87 is provided and a single operating rod 24 for controlling the microswitch 87 is attached to the protective cover 21.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
- Casings For Electric Apparatus (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP60-290740 | 1985-12-25 | ||
JP60290740A JPS62149531A (ja) | 1985-12-25 | 1985-12-25 | 車載用音響機器 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US4758817A true US4758817A (en) | 1988-07-19 |
Family
ID=17759909
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US06/946,871 Expired - Lifetime US4758817A (en) | 1985-12-25 | 1986-12-24 | Acoustic apparatus with theft detector for automobile |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4758817A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
EP (1) | EP0227484B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
JP (1) | JPS62149531A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
CA (1) | CA1261027A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
DE (1) | DE3682177D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4805233A (en) * | 1986-06-10 | 1989-02-14 | Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft | Anti-theft arrangement for a sound-reproducing apparatus installed into a mounting compartment of a motor vehicle |
US4843477A (en) * | 1986-11-25 | 1989-06-27 | Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd. | Vehicle television receiver system |
US4906969A (en) * | 1989-02-06 | 1990-03-06 | John Ghazarian | Method and system for protecting automotive appliances against theft |
US4945335A (en) * | 1988-10-06 | 1990-07-31 | Pioneer Electronic Corporation | Electronic unit operable in conjunction with body unit |
US4958142A (en) * | 1987-11-20 | 1990-09-18 | Sayers Carol L | Vehicle theft deterrent |
US5045838A (en) * | 1990-06-11 | 1991-09-03 | John Ghazarian | Method and system for protecting automotive appliances against theft |
US5381684A (en) * | 1992-02-27 | 1995-01-17 | Sony Corporation | Detachable apparatus for automotive audio equipment |
US5506563A (en) * | 1994-04-12 | 1996-04-09 | Jonic; Danko | Motor vehicle anti-theft security system |
US5705976A (en) * | 1995-06-09 | 1998-01-06 | Pioneer Electronic Corporation | Antitheft alarm system for a car and a car stereo having a removable panel |
US6370037B1 (en) | 1999-09-16 | 2002-04-09 | Garmin Corporation | Releasable mount for an electric device |
US20130259260A1 (en) * | 2006-08-18 | 2013-10-03 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Lightweight audio system for automotive appilcations and method |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19621202C2 (de) * | 1996-05-25 | 1999-07-01 | Grundig Ag | Diebstahlsicherung für elektronische Geräte in Kraftfahrzeugen |
JP2010086215A (ja) * | 2008-09-30 | 2010-04-15 | Yupiteru Corp | 電子機器並びにそれに用いるポータブルデバイス及びクレードル |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4211995A (en) * | 1976-09-20 | 1980-07-08 | Jack Smith | Alarm and locking device to prevent theft of an article |
US4211976A (en) * | 1978-03-31 | 1980-07-08 | Shintom Kabushiki Kaisha | Compound acoustic apparatus for automotive vehicles |
US4248069A (en) * | 1978-11-01 | 1981-02-03 | Burbank Fred H | Apparatus for protecting and preventing theft of in-dashboard mounted radios and the like |
US4494114A (en) * | 1983-12-05 | 1985-01-15 | International Electronic Technology Corp. | Security arrangement for and method of rendering microprocessor-controlled electronic equipment inoperative after occurrence of disabling event |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE8435067U1 (de) * | 1985-02-28 | Blaupunkt-Werke Gmbh, 3200 Hildesheim | Diebstahlsicherung für in Kraftfahrzeuge mit Alarmanlage eingebaute Zusatzgeräte, insbesondere Autoradios, Kassettengeräte und dgl. | |
DE2852813A1 (de) * | 1978-12-06 | 1980-06-19 | Siemens Ag | Intrusionsschutz-detektor |
GB2153427B (en) * | 1983-12-26 | 1987-11-25 | Alpine Electronics Inc | Mounting device for equipment for use in vehicles |
JPH0244160B2 (ja) | 1984-08-24 | 1990-10-02 | Shintomu Kk | Shasaiyokikinosochakukiko |
DE3513114A1 (de) * | 1985-04-12 | 1986-10-23 | Siegfried 6078 Neu Isenburg Warm | Diebstahlwarneinrichtung fuer einschubgeraete, insbesondere autoradios |
DE3545233A1 (de) * | 1985-12-20 | 1987-07-02 | Autosound As Radio Gmbh | Diebstahlsicherung eines autoradios |
DE8611600U1 (de) * | 1986-04-26 | 1986-06-12 | Blaupunkt-Werke Gmbh, 3200 Hildesheim | Mechanisch-elektronische Diebstahlsicherung für in Kraftfahrzeuge mit Warnanlage eingebaute Zusatzgeräte, insbesondere Autoradios, Kassettengeräte u. dgl. |
-
1985
- 1985-12-25 JP JP60290740A patent/JPS62149531A/ja active Granted
-
1986
- 1986-12-23 CA CA000526148A patent/CA1261027A/en not_active Expired
- 1986-12-24 EP EP86310139A patent/EP0227484B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-12-24 US US06/946,871 patent/US4758817A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-12-24 DE DE8686310139T patent/DE3682177D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4211995A (en) * | 1976-09-20 | 1980-07-08 | Jack Smith | Alarm and locking device to prevent theft of an article |
US4211976A (en) * | 1978-03-31 | 1980-07-08 | Shintom Kabushiki Kaisha | Compound acoustic apparatus for automotive vehicles |
US4248069A (en) * | 1978-11-01 | 1981-02-03 | Burbank Fred H | Apparatus for protecting and preventing theft of in-dashboard mounted radios and the like |
US4494114A (en) * | 1983-12-05 | 1985-01-15 | International Electronic Technology Corp. | Security arrangement for and method of rendering microprocessor-controlled electronic equipment inoperative after occurrence of disabling event |
US4494114B1 (en) * | 1983-12-05 | 1996-10-15 | Int Electronic Tech | Security arrangement for and method of rendering microprocessor-controlled electronic equipment inoperative after occurrence of disabling event |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4805233A (en) * | 1986-06-10 | 1989-02-14 | Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft | Anti-theft arrangement for a sound-reproducing apparatus installed into a mounting compartment of a motor vehicle |
US4843477A (en) * | 1986-11-25 | 1989-06-27 | Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd. | Vehicle television receiver system |
US4958142A (en) * | 1987-11-20 | 1990-09-18 | Sayers Carol L | Vehicle theft deterrent |
US4945335A (en) * | 1988-10-06 | 1990-07-31 | Pioneer Electronic Corporation | Electronic unit operable in conjunction with body unit |
US4906969A (en) * | 1989-02-06 | 1990-03-06 | John Ghazarian | Method and system for protecting automotive appliances against theft |
US5045838A (en) * | 1990-06-11 | 1991-09-03 | John Ghazarian | Method and system for protecting automotive appliances against theft |
US5381684A (en) * | 1992-02-27 | 1995-01-17 | Sony Corporation | Detachable apparatus for automotive audio equipment |
US5506563A (en) * | 1994-04-12 | 1996-04-09 | Jonic; Danko | Motor vehicle anti-theft security system |
USRE36075E (en) * | 1994-04-12 | 1999-02-02 | Jonic; Danko | Motor vehicle anti-theft security system |
US5705976A (en) * | 1995-06-09 | 1998-01-06 | Pioneer Electronic Corporation | Antitheft alarm system for a car and a car stereo having a removable panel |
US6370037B1 (en) | 1999-09-16 | 2002-04-09 | Garmin Corporation | Releasable mount for an electric device |
US6529381B1 (en) | 1999-09-16 | 2003-03-04 | Garmin Corporation | Releasable mount for an electronic device |
US20130259260A1 (en) * | 2006-08-18 | 2013-10-03 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Lightweight audio system for automotive appilcations and method |
US8947860B2 (en) * | 2006-08-18 | 2015-02-03 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Lightweight audio system for automotive applications and method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA1261027A (en) | 1989-09-26 |
JPH04860B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1992-01-09 |
JPS62149531A (ja) | 1987-07-03 |
EP0227484A2 (en) | 1987-07-01 |
DE3682177D1 (de) | 1991-11-28 |
EP0227484B1 (en) | 1991-10-23 |
EP0227484A3 (en) | 1988-11-02 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: SHINTOM KABUSHIKI KAISHA, 1146, MINOWACHO, KOUHOKU Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:AKIYAMA, TSUNEO;REEL/FRAME:004694/0997 Effective date: 19861223 |
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Free format text: PATENTED CASE |
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Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY |
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