US4649331A - Flux-weakening regime operation of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents

Flux-weakening regime operation of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor Download PDF

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Publication number
US4649331A
US4649331A US06/733,160 US73316085A US4649331A US 4649331 A US4649331 A US 4649331A US 73316085 A US73316085 A US 73316085A US 4649331 A US4649331 A US 4649331A
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United States
Prior art keywords
stator current
rotor
coupled
commanded
axis
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Expired - Fee Related
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US06/733,160
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English (en)
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Thomas M. Jahns
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Lockheed Martin Corp
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General Electric Co
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Priority to US06/733,160 priority Critical patent/US4649331A/en
Assigned to GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORP. OF NEW YORK reassignment GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORP. OF NEW YORK ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: JAHNS, THOMAS M.
Priority to EP86106307A priority patent/EP0201872A3/de
Priority to JP61106902A priority patent/JPS627396A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US4649331A publication Critical patent/US4649331A/en
Assigned to MARTIN MARIETTA CORPORATION reassignment MARTIN MARIETTA CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY
Assigned to LOCKHEED MARTIN CORPORATION reassignment LOCKHEED MARTIN CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MARTIN MARIETTA CORPORATION
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
    • H02P25/022—Synchronous motors
    • H02P25/024—Synchronous motors controlled by supply frequency

Definitions

  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a second preferred embodiment.
  • phase currents i A *, i B * and i C * are able to follow their commands resulting in a shaft torque which also follows its commanded value.
  • T e * exceeds a certain threshold, the pulse-width modulation of the inverter phases disappears (six-step voltage excitation arises) and the phase currents begin to significantly lag their references in amplitude and phase. Therefore, the shaft torque falls off to a level below the capabilities of the IPM motor in the constant horsepower regime.
  • i D * with the D-axis component i dm of actual stator current i S to obtain a difference signal.
  • the difference signal may be integrated to produce an error compensation signal.
  • the commanded stator current i S * may then be modified such that i S is commanded to follow the ellipse in the counter-clockwise direction, thus reducing the difference signal to zero.
  • the output signal of block 44 is summed with i SO * in a summer 45 to provide i S *.
  • the output signal of block 46 is summed with ⁇ O * in summer 47 to provide ⁇ *.
  • Functions g 1 ( ⁇ ) and g 2 ( ⁇ ) could provide increments described in either polar or cartesian coordinates.
  • Functions g 1 and g 2 cannot be specified uniquely since there are an infinite number of specific trajectories which current command vector i S * can follow outside the ellipse in order to force the desired movement of stator current vector i S along the ellipse.
  • FIG. 8B shows just one example of an acceptable trajectory of the command vector in the saturated-regulator regime to achieve increasing torque levels.
  • the functions g 1 and g 2 cannot be uniquely defined, it is possible to state certain necessary conditions which the resulting current command trajectory must meet. These are:
  • the new control loop will regulate in the proper manner to drive the D-axis current error ⁇ i D to zero.
  • the control algorithm will cause the drive to deliver monotonically increasing shaft torque as the torque request is raised in the high-speed saturated regulator regime.
  • the maximum available shaft torque at any speed will be determined by either the maximum limit on the phase current amplitudes, or the maximum torque along the voltage-limit ellipse at that speed, whichever occurs first.
  • FIG. 9A The preferred embodiment of FIG. 9A is shown in conjunction with a control which describes i S * in cartesian coordinates.
  • a separate calculating circuit such as circuit 37 of FIG. 8A, is not needed.
  • Error compensation signal ⁇ is generated in the same way by calculating circuit 38, summer 39 and controller block 43.
  • signal ⁇ is compared in a summer 50 with a signal i Q-max which represents a maximum allowed i Q *.
  • the i Q-max signal may be a constant absolute maximum for all motor speeds or could be stored for each speed in a look-up table for better response.
  • the output of summer 50 is a limit signal i Q-limit which sets the limits of a bipolar limiter 51.
  • FIG. 10 A further embodiment similar to that of FIG. 9A is shown in FIG. 10.
  • summer 50 and bipolar limiter 51 of FIG. 9A are replaced with a summer 52 directly reducing i QO * by ⁇ .
  • the steady-state operation of this configuration is identical to that of the configuration of FIG. 9A, but transient performance is slightly reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
US06/733,160 1985-05-13 1985-05-13 Flux-weakening regime operation of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor Expired - Fee Related US4649331A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/733,160 US4649331A (en) 1985-05-13 1985-05-13 Flux-weakening regime operation of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor
EP86106307A EP0201872A3 (de) 1985-05-13 1986-05-07 Flussschwächungsbetrieb eines inneren Permanentmagnetsynchronmotors
JP61106902A JPS627396A (ja) 1985-05-13 1986-05-12 一定馬力で運転する方法と装置

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/733,160 US4649331A (en) 1985-05-13 1985-05-13 Flux-weakening regime operation of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor

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US4649331A true US4649331A (en) 1987-03-10

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US06/733,160 Expired - Fee Related US4649331A (en) 1985-05-13 1985-05-13 Flux-weakening regime operation of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor

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EP (1) EP0201872A3 (de)
JP (1) JPS627396A (de)

Cited By (43)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4916368A (en) * 1987-11-14 1990-04-10 Hitachi Elevator Engineering & Service Company, Ltd. Controlling method and device for permanent magnet synchronous motor
US4920306A (en) * 1987-08-07 1990-04-24 Abb Stromberg Drives Oy Method for controlling the torque of a synchronous machine supplied by a frequency converter
US5027048A (en) * 1988-10-05 1991-06-25 Ford Motor Company Field oriented motor controller for electrically powered active suspension for a vehicle
US5296793A (en) * 1986-11-05 1994-03-22 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology State observer for synchronous motors
US5296794A (en) * 1988-10-28 1994-03-22 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology State observer for the permanent-magnet synchronous motor
US5479081A (en) * 1993-12-23 1995-12-26 Allen-Bradley Company, Inc. AC motor controller with voltage margin adjustment
US5506487A (en) * 1991-03-28 1996-04-09 General Electric Company Systems and methods for driving a compressor with a motor
US5552685A (en) * 1993-08-18 1996-09-03 General Electric Company Apparatus and method for detection and control of circulating currents in a variable speed DC motor
US5585708A (en) * 1991-02-22 1996-12-17 Kenetech Windpower, Inc. Four quadrant motor controller minimizing distortion index
US5652495A (en) * 1994-05-25 1997-07-29 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Controller for permanent magnet synchronous motor
US5663625A (en) * 1994-06-14 1997-09-02 Fanuc Ltd. Switch-type reluctance motor and method to compensate for counter electromotive force
US5675231A (en) * 1996-05-15 1997-10-07 General Electric Company Systems and methods for protecting a single phase motor from circulating currents
US5698823A (en) * 1995-06-22 1997-12-16 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Elevator control system
US5825597A (en) * 1996-09-25 1998-10-20 General Electric Company System and method for detection and control of circulating currents in a motor
US5844344A (en) * 1995-03-24 1998-12-01 Seiko Epson Corporation DC brushless motor having auxiliary salient poles
US5936378A (en) * 1997-03-27 1999-08-10 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Motor controller
EP0877474A3 (de) * 1997-05-09 1999-08-11 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Steuerung eines Motors im Feldschwächungsbereich
US6002234A (en) * 1995-06-05 1999-12-14 Kollmorgen Corporation System and method for controlling brushless permanent magnet motors
US6163128A (en) * 1999-08-20 2000-12-19 General Motors Corporation Method and drive system for controlling a permanent magnet synchronous machine
US6304052B1 (en) * 2000-06-27 2001-10-16 General Motors Corporation Control system for a permanent magnet motor
US6335609B1 (en) * 2000-05-09 2002-01-01 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Method for reducing peak phase current and decreasing staring time for an internal combustion engine having an induction machine
US6438321B1 (en) 1998-03-02 2002-08-20 Turbocorp Limited Control of high speed DC motor vertical voltage vector component
US20040007997A1 (en) * 2002-07-11 2004-01-15 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Vector control system for permanent magnet sychronous machines using parameter scheduling table
US20040084977A1 (en) * 2002-07-26 2004-05-06 Devine John C. Permanent magnet generator with an integral cooling system
US20050168186A1 (en) * 2004-02-03 2005-08-04 Fanuc Ltd. Servomotor control device for robot and robot having the device
US20060055363A1 (en) * 2004-09-13 2006-03-16 Patel Nitinkumar R Field weakening motor control system and method
EP1391984A3 (de) * 2002-08-21 2006-06-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrisch kommutierbarer Motor, insbesondere als Nassläufer für Pumpen
US20060135317A1 (en) * 2004-12-16 2006-06-22 Eaton Corporation Method for controlling centrifugal clutch engagement using engine torque requests
US7211984B2 (en) * 2004-11-09 2007-05-01 General Motors Corporation Start-up and restart of interior permanent magnet machines
US20080103632A1 (en) * 2006-10-27 2008-05-01 Direct Drive Systems, Inc. Electromechanical energy conversion systems
US20090212734A1 (en) * 2008-02-22 2009-08-27 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. Torque limit of pm motors for field-weakening region operation
CN100536315C (zh) * 2007-05-09 2009-09-02 哈尔滨工业大学 基于直流电流间接控制的永磁同步电机弱磁控制系统
US20090286651A1 (en) * 2008-05-13 2009-11-19 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Starting and generating apparatus for engine
US20100019602A1 (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-01-28 Saban Daniel M Rotor for electric machine having a sleeve with segmented layers
US20100066289A1 (en) * 2008-09-17 2010-03-18 Ford Global Technologies, Llc System and method for controlling an electric motor
EP2192682A1 (de) * 2008-11-29 2010-06-02 Lenze Automation GmbH Regelung einer permanentmagneterregten synchronen Drehfeldmaschine
US8018193B1 (en) 2006-12-07 2011-09-13 Purdue Research Foundation Torque ripple mitigation controller with vibration sensor delay compensation
CN103166560A (zh) * 2011-12-09 2013-06-19 本田技研工业株式会社 电动机的控制装置
CN104300865A (zh) * 2013-07-18 2015-01-21 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 用于监测永久磁体电机的方法和设备
US20150048766A1 (en) * 2012-03-23 2015-02-19 Fanuc Corporation Synchronous motor control apparatus
US9520752B1 (en) 2015-09-30 2016-12-13 Faraday & Future Inc. Interior permanent magnet machine for automotive electric vehicles
US10211690B2 (en) 2016-04-28 2019-02-19 Faraday & Future Inc. IPM machine with specialized rotor for automotive electric vehicles
USRE48231E1 (en) * 2012-05-31 2020-09-29 Zhongshan Broad-Ocean Motor Co., Ltd. Blower system and method for controlling the same

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4892242A (en) * 1988-01-13 1990-01-09 Sekisui Kaseihin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method and device for separating trimming losses of products formed from sheet
JP3331734B2 (ja) * 1993-05-18 2002-10-07 株式会社明電舎 回転電機の制御方式
JPH07293420A (ja) * 1994-04-26 1995-11-07 Kunio Ito 水の波動発電装置
JP3566163B2 (ja) * 2000-01-07 2004-09-15 株式会社東芝 モータ制御装置
US7843155B2 (en) * 2008-04-10 2010-11-30 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Direct flux regulated permanent magnet brushless motor utilizing sensorless control
JP2021090285A (ja) * 2019-12-04 2021-06-10 日本電産エレシス株式会社 モータ制御装置

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US4469970A (en) * 1981-12-24 1984-09-04 General Electric Company Rotor for permanent magnet excited synchronous motor
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JPS58123394A (ja) * 1982-01-18 1983-07-22 Hitachi Ltd 交流電動機の制御装置

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US4295085A (en) * 1979-05-25 1981-10-13 General Electric Company Phase lock loop commutation position control and method
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US4469970A (en) * 1981-12-24 1984-09-04 General Electric Company Rotor for permanent magnet excited synchronous motor
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US4458192A (en) * 1982-03-12 1984-07-03 Fanuc Ltd. A.C. Motor drive apparatus
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Cited By (79)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5296793A (en) * 1986-11-05 1994-03-22 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology State observer for synchronous motors
US4920306A (en) * 1987-08-07 1990-04-24 Abb Stromberg Drives Oy Method for controlling the torque of a synchronous machine supplied by a frequency converter
US4916368A (en) * 1987-11-14 1990-04-10 Hitachi Elevator Engineering & Service Company, Ltd. Controlling method and device for permanent magnet synchronous motor
US5027048A (en) * 1988-10-05 1991-06-25 Ford Motor Company Field oriented motor controller for electrically powered active suspension for a vehicle
US5296794A (en) * 1988-10-28 1994-03-22 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology State observer for the permanent-magnet synchronous motor
US5585708A (en) * 1991-02-22 1996-12-17 Kenetech Windpower, Inc. Four quadrant motor controller minimizing distortion index
US5506487A (en) * 1991-03-28 1996-04-09 General Electric Company Systems and methods for driving a compressor with a motor
US5552685A (en) * 1993-08-18 1996-09-03 General Electric Company Apparatus and method for detection and control of circulating currents in a variable speed DC motor
US5479081A (en) * 1993-12-23 1995-12-26 Allen-Bradley Company, Inc. AC motor controller with voltage margin adjustment
US5652495A (en) * 1994-05-25 1997-07-29 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Controller for permanent magnet synchronous motor
US5663625A (en) * 1994-06-14 1997-09-02 Fanuc Ltd. Switch-type reluctance motor and method to compensate for counter electromotive force
US5844344A (en) * 1995-03-24 1998-12-01 Seiko Epson Corporation DC brushless motor having auxiliary salient poles
US6034458A (en) * 1995-03-24 2000-03-07 Seiko Epson Corporation DC brushless motor having an interior permanent magnet rotor with optimal magnet thickness/air gap relationship
US6002234A (en) * 1995-06-05 1999-12-14 Kollmorgen Corporation System and method for controlling brushless permanent magnet motors
US5698823A (en) * 1995-06-22 1997-12-16 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Elevator control system
US5675231A (en) * 1996-05-15 1997-10-07 General Electric Company Systems and methods for protecting a single phase motor from circulating currents
US5825597A (en) * 1996-09-25 1998-10-20 General Electric Company System and method for detection and control of circulating currents in a motor
US5936378A (en) * 1997-03-27 1999-08-10 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Motor controller
EP0877474A3 (de) * 1997-05-09 1999-08-11 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Steuerung eines Motors im Feldschwächungsbereich
US6438321B1 (en) 1998-03-02 2002-08-20 Turbocorp Limited Control of high speed DC motor vertical voltage vector component
US6163128A (en) * 1999-08-20 2000-12-19 General Motors Corporation Method and drive system for controlling a permanent magnet synchronous machine
US6335609B1 (en) * 2000-05-09 2002-01-01 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Method for reducing peak phase current and decreasing staring time for an internal combustion engine having an induction machine
US6304052B1 (en) * 2000-06-27 2001-10-16 General Motors Corporation Control system for a permanent magnet motor
US20040007997A1 (en) * 2002-07-11 2004-01-15 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Vector control system for permanent magnet sychronous machines using parameter scheduling table
US20040084977A1 (en) * 2002-07-26 2004-05-06 Devine John C. Permanent magnet generator with an integral cooling system
US7327055B2 (en) 2002-07-26 2008-02-05 John Devine Permanent magnet generator with an integral cooling system
EP1391984A3 (de) * 2002-08-21 2006-06-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrisch kommutierbarer Motor, insbesondere als Nassläufer für Pumpen
US20050168186A1 (en) * 2004-02-03 2005-08-04 Fanuc Ltd. Servomotor control device for robot and robot having the device
US20060055363A1 (en) * 2004-09-13 2006-03-16 Patel Nitinkumar R Field weakening motor control system and method
US7023168B1 (en) * 2004-09-13 2006-04-04 General Motors Corporation Field weakening motor control system and method
CN100561854C (zh) * 2004-09-13 2009-11-18 通用汽车公司 磁场削弱电动机控制系统
US7211984B2 (en) * 2004-11-09 2007-05-01 General Motors Corporation Start-up and restart of interior permanent magnet machines
US7480555B2 (en) * 2004-12-16 2009-01-20 Eaton Corporation Method for controlling centrifugal clutch engagement using engine torque requests
US20060135317A1 (en) * 2004-12-16 2006-06-22 Eaton Corporation Method for controlling centrifugal clutch engagement using engine torque requests
US20080103632A1 (en) * 2006-10-27 2008-05-01 Direct Drive Systems, Inc. Electromechanical energy conversion systems
US7710081B2 (en) 2006-10-27 2010-05-04 Direct Drive Systems, Inc. Electromechanical energy conversion systems
US7960948B2 (en) 2006-10-27 2011-06-14 Direct Drive Systems, Inc. Electromechanical energy conversion systems
US8018193B1 (en) 2006-12-07 2011-09-13 Purdue Research Foundation Torque ripple mitigation controller with vibration sensor delay compensation
CN100536315C (zh) * 2007-05-09 2009-09-02 哈尔滨工业大学 基于直流电流间接控制的永磁同步电机弱磁控制系统
US20090212734A1 (en) * 2008-02-22 2009-08-27 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. Torque limit of pm motors for field-weakening region operation
US8115437B2 (en) * 2008-02-22 2012-02-14 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. Torque limit of PM motors for field-weakening region operation
US20090286651A1 (en) * 2008-05-13 2009-11-19 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Starting and generating apparatus for engine
US8378510B2 (en) * 2008-05-13 2013-02-19 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Starting and generating apparatus for engine
US20100019602A1 (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-01-28 Saban Daniel M Rotor for electric machine having a sleeve with segmented layers
US8253298B2 (en) 2008-07-28 2012-08-28 Direct Drive Systems, Inc. Slot configuration of an electric machine
US20100019610A1 (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-01-28 Saban Daniel M Hybrid winding configuration of an electric machine
US20100019600A1 (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-01-28 Saban Daniel M Thermally matched composite sleeve
US20100019626A1 (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-01-28 Direct Drive Systems, Inc. Stator wedge for an electric machine
US20100019603A1 (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-01-28 Direct Drive Systems, Inc. Rotor for an electric machine
US20100019598A1 (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-01-28 Direct Drive Systems, Inc. Rotor for an electric machine
US8421297B2 (en) 2008-07-28 2013-04-16 Direct Drive Systems, Inc. Stator wedge for an electric machine
US20100019613A1 (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-01-28 Direct Drive Systems, Inc. Stator for an electric machine
US20100019590A1 (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-01-28 Direct Drive Systems, Inc. Electric machine
US20100171383A1 (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-07-08 Peter Petrov Rotor for electric machine having a sleeve with segmented layers
US20100019599A1 (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-01-28 Direct Drive Systems, Inc. Rotor for an electric machine
US20100019589A1 (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-01-28 Saban Daniel M Slot configuration of an electric machine
US8040007B2 (en) 2008-07-28 2011-10-18 Direct Drive Systems, Inc. Rotor for electric machine having a sleeve with segmented layers
US20100019609A1 (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-01-28 John Stout End turn configuration of an electric machine
US8179009B2 (en) 2008-07-28 2012-05-15 Direct Drive Systems, Inc. Rotor for an electric machine
US8183734B2 (en) 2008-07-28 2012-05-22 Direct Drive Systems, Inc. Hybrid winding configuration of an electric machine
US8237320B2 (en) 2008-07-28 2012-08-07 Direct Drive Systems, Inc. Thermally matched composite sleeve
US8247938B2 (en) 2008-07-28 2012-08-21 Direct Drive Systems, Inc. Rotor for electric machine having a sleeve with segmented layers
US8415854B2 (en) 2008-07-28 2013-04-09 Direct Drive Systems, Inc. Stator for an electric machine
US8310123B2 (en) 2008-07-28 2012-11-13 Direct Drive Systems, Inc. Wrapped rotor sleeve for an electric machine
US8350432B2 (en) 2008-07-28 2013-01-08 Direct Drive Systems, Inc. Electric machine
US20100019601A1 (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-01-28 Direct Drive Systems, Inc. Wrapped rotor sleeve for an electric machine
US9917537B2 (en) 2008-09-17 2018-03-13 Ford Global Technologies, Llc System and method for controlling an electric motor
US20100066289A1 (en) * 2008-09-17 2010-03-18 Ford Global Technologies, Llc System and method for controlling an electric motor
EP2192682A1 (de) * 2008-11-29 2010-06-02 Lenze Automation GmbH Regelung einer permanentmagneterregten synchronen Drehfeldmaschine
CN103166560A (zh) * 2011-12-09 2013-06-19 本田技研工业株式会社 电动机的控制装置
US20150048766A1 (en) * 2012-03-23 2015-02-19 Fanuc Corporation Synchronous motor control apparatus
US9136789B2 (en) * 2012-03-23 2015-09-15 Fanuc Corporation Synchronous motor control apparatus
USRE48231E1 (en) * 2012-05-31 2020-09-29 Zhongshan Broad-Ocean Motor Co., Ltd. Blower system and method for controlling the same
CN104300865A (zh) * 2013-07-18 2015-01-21 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 用于监测永久磁体电机的方法和设备
US20150022126A1 (en) * 2013-07-18 2015-01-22 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Method and apparatus for monitoring a permanent magnet electric machine
US9520752B1 (en) 2015-09-30 2016-12-13 Faraday & Future Inc. Interior permanent magnet machine for automotive electric vehicles
US9742251B2 (en) 2015-09-30 2017-08-22 Faraday & Future Inc. Interior permanent magnet machine for automotive electric vehicles
US9917495B2 (en) 2015-09-30 2018-03-13 Faraday & Future Inc. Interior permanent magnet machine for automotive electric vehicles
US10211690B2 (en) 2016-04-28 2019-02-19 Faraday & Future Inc. IPM machine with specialized rotor for automotive electric vehicles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0201872A2 (de) 1986-11-20
EP0201872A3 (de) 1987-08-26
JPS627396A (ja) 1987-01-14

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