US4574604A - Process and apparatus for high speed fabrication of copper wire - Google Patents
Process and apparatus for high speed fabrication of copper wire Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4574604A US4574604A US06/671,275 US67127584A US4574604A US 4574604 A US4574604 A US 4574604A US 67127584 A US67127584 A US 67127584A US 4574604 A US4574604 A US 4574604A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- wire
- annealer
- annealing
- intermediate diameter
- capstan
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004534 enameling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010618 wire wrap Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
- B21C1/02—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums
- B21C1/04—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums with two or more dies operating in series
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C9/00—Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the fabrication of wire, and in particular to the fabrication of copper wire.
- Wire drawing is typically facilitated by using specially formulated lubricants. Application of these materials to the wire permit it to pass easily through the drawing dies with a minimum of friction and stress.
- the lubricant is continuously applied to the wire prior to its passage through each individual drawing die, and is removed from the wire prior to its passage through the in-process anneal by complicated cleansing apparatus, such as shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,826,690 and 4,280,857. Lubricant is removed because some of these materials burn excessively during the anneal, producing potentially hazardous and excessive amounts of smoke. Also, volatilization of the lubricant may create an oxide of carbonaceous residue on the wire surface, which must be removed prior to additional drawing.
- Wire is wrapped several times around a rotating sheave before it passes through the anneal, and then is wrapped several times around another rotating sheave after it passes through the anneal.
- the two sheaves are connected to each other by differential gearing driven by an electric motor which independently adjusts the rotational speeds of the two sheaves, as required, to adjust the wire length and tension to the desired minimum level.
- Other patents showing means for maintaining wire tension are U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,328,554, 3,697,335, 3,826,690, and 4,280,857.
- the wire forms a loop inductively linked with an induction coil by passing over a first sheave, around a second sheave and back over the first sheave.
- the wire rides in one groove on the first sheave as it starts the loop, and in another groove on the first sheave as it completes the loop.
- the sheaves are electrically nonconductive, the two grooves on the first sheave are electrically coupled to form a short circuited loop in which a current is induced which heats the wire.
- This patent also shows a similar short circuiting arrrangement with two loops of wire connected in series which are inductively linked to an induction transformer.
- One object of the present invention is to provide an improved process and apparatus for fabricating wire at high speeds.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a process and apparatus for fabricating copper wire with improved mechanical properties.
- a process for continuous high speed fabrication of wire includes the steps of passing a continuous length of wire through a first die set to reduce the wire diameter to form an intermediate diameter wire; applying lubricant to the wire; annealing the wire while it is still coated with some of the lubricant; controlling the tensile forces on the wire during the annealing step; and directing the annealed wire through a second die set to form wire with a desired diameter.
- the process is particularly well suited for fabricating copper wire.
- the process is also suited for fabricating copper alloy wire and aluminum and aluminum alloy wire.
- the lubricant on the wire vaporizes as the wire increases in temperature.
- the vapor forms a protective atmosphere around the wire which precludes the formation of oxides which normally form on the wire at the elevated annealing temperatures.
- the amount of lubricant on the wire is controlled as it enters the annealer to a thin film which produces virtually no smoke when the wire is annealed.
- the first annealing operation takes place within a sealed chamber. Heating the wire within the chamber vaporizes the lubricant to create a non-oxidizing atmosphere within the chamber.
- the first annealer includes an induction heater.
- the wire to be annealed makes two loops around spaced apart rotating sheaves, both loops passing through the core of the induction heater. This two loop arrangement increases the length of wire through which the induced current is traveling, which insures that the required amount of heating takes place during the anneal.
- the wire is directed around the sheaves in such a manner that the wire entering the annealer is in physical contact with the wire exiting the annealer, which is at or near the annealing temperature, for about a 90° arc.
- This contact forms a two loop shorted secondary winding within the induction heater. The contact also produces a significant amount of conductive heat transfer from the hot to the cold wire.
- the wire In order to minimize the tensile forces on the wire during the first annealing operation, the wire is wrapped around a rotating capstan immediately before it enters the annealer, and is wrapped around the same capstan immediately after it exits the annealer.
- Lubricating means are located to apply lubricant to the wire wound on the capstan.
- the tangential speed of the capstan is about 2-8% greater than the linear speed of the wire wrapped thereon. Because of the presence of the lubricant on the wire and the higher speed of the capstan, the wire is able to slip on the capstan. This arrangement eliminates the danger of wire breakage due to excessive tensile forces and prevents significant elongation of the wire during the anneal. It also is considerably simpler and more reliable than prior art tension control devices which used two capstans connected by differential gearing.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of an apparatus for high speed fabrication of wire, illustrating the method and apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing of an annealer and wire coating apparatus to be used in the fabrication of coated wires in accordance with the present invention.
- wire 10 is continuously directed from a supply 12 sequentially through a first die set 16 in a wire drawer 13, through an annealer 18, through a second die set 20 in the wire drawer 13, and then, the final diameter wire is wound onto a spool 24 or the like.
- Both die sets 16, 20 which are part of the wire drawer 13, are contained inside a wire drawing chamber 15.
- the wire 10 is pulled by capstans 26a, 26b, 26c and 26d from the source 12 through an aperture 14 in the drawing chamber 15 and through the first die set 16 containing a plurality of individual wire drawing dies 28 of successively smaller diameter drawing orifices. Passage of the wire through the first die set 16 produces wire having an intermediate diameter less than the original diameter. Preferably, the intermediate diameter is about 7 to 23% of the original diameter.
- Lubricating nozzles 40 apply wire drawing lubricant onto the capstans 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d and onto the wire prior to its passing through each drawing die 28.
- a lubricant reservoir 42 supplies lubricant through conduits 44 to each of the lubricating nozzles 40.
- One lubricant which has proven to work satisfactorily is a synthetic material, Lusol W.D.7 F (1% fat concentrate in water, as determined by the Babcock test), purchased from Anderson Oil and Chemical Company, Portland Conn.
- the wire After passing through the first die set 16, the wire is wrapped several times around the capstan 26d to form a wrap 66, and then passes through a wiping device 48 located between the annealer 18 and wire drawer 13.
- the wiper 48 removes all but a thin film of lubricant from the wire.
- the wiping device 48 directs pressurized air at 50 pounds per square inch against the wire to blow excess lubricant from it.
- the thin film of lubricant thereon is vaporized.
- This vapor forms a protective atmosphere around the wire which precludes oxidation of the wire which normally occurs at the elevated annealing tempertures.
- the annealer 18 is surrounded by a chamber 58.
- the chamber is substantially sealed except to permit entry and exit of the wire through the apertures 47 and 59, respectively.
- the vapor is substantially contained within the sealed chamber. The vapor tends to purge the chamber of any oxygen within it, providing a more effective means for ensuring that there is no oxidation of the wire during the anneal.
- the annealer 18 includes a transformer core 52 having an induction coil electrically connected to a 400-600 Hz. source of alternating current 54.
- a transformer core 52 having an induction coil electrically connected to a 400-600 Hz. source of alternating current 54.
- the desired amount of annealing is obtained in copper wire of a diameter between about 0.003 and 0.050 inches traveling therethrough at about 2,400 feet per minute.
- Use of too low a frequency of alternating current produces "cold spots" in the wire, i.e., localized areas along the wire length where the induced current is not sufficient to produce the required amount of annealing. Mechanical and electrical properties of wire with cold spots are not constant along the length of the wire, which is undesirable.
- a preferred annealing temperature is in the range of 650 to 800 degrees Fahrenheit. The exact temperature selected depends on the precise composition of the wire, the length of time in the anneal and the amount of plastic deformation in the intermediate diameter wire.
- the two loop path of wire travel through the coil is defined by four electrically insulated sheaves 56a, 56b, 56c, and 56d.
- Each of the four sheaves has a circumferential groove of a shape which will maintain the moving wire therein. All sheaves are able to rotate independently of each other.
- the sheaves are arranged so that the wire entering the annealer 18 enters the groove of the sheave 56a and remains in contact with the sheave 56a for approximately 270°.
- the wire then passes sequentially around the sheaves 56c and 56b, to form a first loop of wire 57a passing through the transformer core 52.
- the wire passes around the sheave 56d and returns to the sheave 56a to form a second loop of wire 57b passing through the transformer core 52.
- the second loop 57b passing around the sheave 56a contacts the first loop 57a on the sheave 56a for approximately 90°.
- the physical contact between the cool entering wire and the hot exiting wire on the sheave 56a forms a two loop shorted secondary winding in which is induced a circulatory current which heats the wire in the loop; additionally it results in conductive heat transfer from the second loop portion of wire to the first loop portion of wire.
- the wire then exits from the annealer 18 and enters the wire drawer 13.
- the quencher 62 applies a coolant to the heated wire to reduce its temperature and to prevent any oxidation when the wire is exposed to the air atmosphere.
- the wire should be cooled to below about 300 degrees Fahrenheit. Wire drawing lubricant from a source 42 is the preferred coolant to quench the annealed intermediate diameter wire.
- the wire After the wire is quenched by the device 62, it is wrapped on the rotating capstan 26d to form a wrap 68.
- the tangential speed of the capstan 26d is about 2-8% greater than the linear speed of the wire, and the lubricated wire wraps 66, 68 slip, as necessary, on the capstan 26d to control the tension of the wire and to prevent significiant elongation of the wire during the anneal. Slip of the wire of the wraps 66, 68 is assisted by the lubricant retained on the wire.
- the number of turns in the wraps 66, 68 is selected to maintain low tensile forces on the wire and to prevent significant elongation of the wire during the first annealing operation.
- a wrap may contain several turns of wire or only a partial turn.
- the wire passes around the capstans 26e and 26f which pull it through the second die set 20 containing a plurality of individual wire drawing dies 70 of successively smaller diameter orifices to produce wire of a desired final diameter.
- Lubricating nozzles 40 apply a wire drawing lubricant onto the capstan 26e, 26f and onto the wire prior to its passage through each drawing die 70.
- Lubricant reservoir 42 supplies lubricant through conduits 44 to each of the lubricating nozzles 40.
- the number and sizes of the drawing dies 28, 70 in the first and second die sets 16, 20 are selected to avoid producing unneccesary stress in the wire during the drawing process.
- the final diameter of the wire produced is less than about 10% of the original wire diameter.
- the wire is finally passed over the capstan 26f, through the aperture 76 in the chamber 15 and around an output capstan 26g which pulls the wire out of the wire drawing chamber 15.
- the capstan 26g feeds the final diameter wire to a traverse pulley 78 that is reciprocated on its axis in a conventional manner to direct the wire onto the spool 24.
- the final diameter wire is withdrawn from the spool 24 and continuously passed through an oven type annealer 80 for a second anneal.
- the annealer heats the wire to an annealing temperature in the range of 650 to 800 degrees Fahrenheit.
- the wire passes through an enamel applicator 82 where a suitable insulation coating is applied to the wire and then hardened by drying or curing in an enameling oven 84.
- the wire can be repeatedly passed through the applicator 82 and the oven 84 until a desired number of layers of insulation have been applied and hardened.
- the enameled wire is then wound on a spool 86.
- While the second annealer 80, enameler 82 and enameling oven 84 are shown in FIG. 2 as being separate from the wire drawer 13, they may be located in-line with the wire drawer 13. As such, the wire would be directed from the capstan 26g through the second annealer 80, enameler 82 and enamel oven 84, and then wound on the spool 24.
- the present invention is particularly well suited for fabricating fine copper wire having a diameter between 0.003 and 0.020 inches. We have fabricated 0.003-0.008 inch diameter copper wire according to the teachings of the present invention at production rates of 11,000 feet per minute.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
- Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
______________________________________ Wire Property Process A Process B ______________________________________ Ultimate Tensile Strength, ksi 35 38 Elongation, % 24 32 Elastic Ratio, % 89 75 ______________________________________
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/671,275 US4574604A (en) | 1984-11-13 | 1984-11-13 | Process and apparatus for high speed fabrication of copper wire |
US06/807,422 US4615195A (en) | 1984-11-13 | 1985-12-10 | Process and apparatus for high speed fabrication of copper wire |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/671,275 US4574604A (en) | 1984-11-13 | 1984-11-13 | Process and apparatus for high speed fabrication of copper wire |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US06/807,422 Division US4615195A (en) | 1984-11-13 | 1985-12-10 | Process and apparatus for high speed fabrication of copper wire |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US4574604A true US4574604A (en) | 1986-03-11 |
Family
ID=24693832
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US06/671,275 Expired - Lifetime US4574604A (en) | 1984-11-13 | 1984-11-13 | Process and apparatus for high speed fabrication of copper wire |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US4574604A (en) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GR880100508A (en) * | 1987-08-03 | 1989-05-25 | Us Automation Co | Method and apparatus for forming bainite |
EP0322889A2 (en) * | 1987-12-28 | 1989-07-05 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Manufacturing method of extra fine wire |
US4924050A (en) * | 1988-03-26 | 1990-05-08 | Berkenhoff Gmbh | Wire electrode for use in spark-erosive cutting |
US6198083B1 (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2001-03-06 | American Spring Wire Corp. | Method and apparatus for heat treating wires |
US20100071933A1 (en) * | 2006-10-30 | 2010-03-25 | Autonetworks Technologies, Ltd. | Electric wire conductor and a method of producing the same |
US20110132659A1 (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2011-06-09 | Misato Kusakari | Aluminum alloy wire |
US10253393B2 (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2019-04-09 | Aichi Steel Corporation | Apparatus for treating magnetic wire and method for treating the same |
CN110860569A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-03-06 | 江西兴成铜业有限公司 | Multi-head wire drawing method for electrical round copper wire |
CN112792145A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-14 | 松田电工(台山)有限公司 | Enameled wire production equipment capable of reducing wire damage and production process thereof |
CN116116920A (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2023-05-16 | 中山莱通金属科技有限公司 | Ultra-fine metal wire drawing process |
CN118122769A (en) * | 2024-04-17 | 2024-06-04 | 南通金轮精密智造有限公司 | Online annealing finishing mill and semi-hard line production process thereof |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3181326A (en) * | 1962-07-20 | 1965-05-04 | Phelps Dodge Copper Prod | High-speed production of magnet wire |
US3605466A (en) * | 1969-11-26 | 1971-09-20 | Frank B Kilcoin | Apparatus for drawing metal wire and the like and the method thereof |
US3826690A (en) * | 1971-02-25 | 1974-07-30 | Western Electric Co | Method of processing aluminum electrical conductors |
US3842643A (en) * | 1970-11-25 | 1974-10-22 | J Large | Processing of wires |
US3952571A (en) * | 1974-02-12 | 1976-04-27 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Method of manufacturing aluminum conductor wires |
US3962898A (en) * | 1973-04-21 | 1976-06-15 | Berkenhoff & Drebes Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Apparatus for the manufacture of wire |
US4112725A (en) * | 1976-09-14 | 1978-09-12 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for continuously hot-stretching a steel cable |
US4280857A (en) * | 1979-11-05 | 1981-07-28 | Aluminum Company Of America | Continuous draw anneal system |
US4326400A (en) * | 1979-03-07 | 1982-04-27 | Davydov Vadim A | Non-slip multi-pass wire mill |
US4365790A (en) * | 1981-05-19 | 1982-12-28 | Mag Maschinen Und Apparatebau Gesellschaft Mbh | Plant for producing enameled wire using an inline process |
-
1984
- 1984-11-13 US US06/671,275 patent/US4574604A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3181326A (en) * | 1962-07-20 | 1965-05-04 | Phelps Dodge Copper Prod | High-speed production of magnet wire |
US3605466A (en) * | 1969-11-26 | 1971-09-20 | Frank B Kilcoin | Apparatus for drawing metal wire and the like and the method thereof |
US3842643A (en) * | 1970-11-25 | 1974-10-22 | J Large | Processing of wires |
US3826690A (en) * | 1971-02-25 | 1974-07-30 | Western Electric Co | Method of processing aluminum electrical conductors |
US3962898A (en) * | 1973-04-21 | 1976-06-15 | Berkenhoff & Drebes Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Apparatus for the manufacture of wire |
US3952571A (en) * | 1974-02-12 | 1976-04-27 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Method of manufacturing aluminum conductor wires |
US4112725A (en) * | 1976-09-14 | 1978-09-12 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for continuously hot-stretching a steel cable |
US4326400A (en) * | 1979-03-07 | 1982-04-27 | Davydov Vadim A | Non-slip multi-pass wire mill |
US4280857A (en) * | 1979-11-05 | 1981-07-28 | Aluminum Company Of America | Continuous draw anneal system |
US4365790A (en) * | 1981-05-19 | 1982-12-28 | Mag Maschinen Und Apparatebau Gesellschaft Mbh | Plant for producing enameled wire using an inline process |
Cited By (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0370061A1 (en) * | 1987-08-03 | 1990-05-30 | U.S. Automation Co. | Method and apparatus for forming bainite |
EP0370061A4 (en) * | 1987-08-03 | 1991-08-14 | U.S. Automation Co. | Method and apparatus for forming bainite |
GR880100508A (en) * | 1987-08-03 | 1989-05-25 | Us Automation Co | Method and apparatus for forming bainite |
EP0322889A2 (en) * | 1987-12-28 | 1989-07-05 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Manufacturing method of extra fine wire |
EP0322889A3 (en) * | 1987-12-28 | 1990-09-12 | Mitsubishi Kinzoku Kabushiki Kaisha | Manufacturing method of extra fine wire |
US4924050A (en) * | 1988-03-26 | 1990-05-08 | Berkenhoff Gmbh | Wire electrode for use in spark-erosive cutting |
US6198083B1 (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2001-03-06 | American Spring Wire Corp. | Method and apparatus for heat treating wires |
US8278555B2 (en) * | 2006-10-30 | 2012-10-02 | Autonetworks Technologies, Ltd. | Electric wire conductor and a method of producing the same |
US20100071933A1 (en) * | 2006-10-30 | 2010-03-25 | Autonetworks Technologies, Ltd. | Electric wire conductor and a method of producing the same |
US20110132659A1 (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2011-06-09 | Misato Kusakari | Aluminum alloy wire |
US8653374B2 (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2014-02-18 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Aluminum alloy wire |
US10253393B2 (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2019-04-09 | Aichi Steel Corporation | Apparatus for treating magnetic wire and method for treating the same |
US10253392B2 (en) | 2017-06-14 | 2019-04-09 | Aichi Steel Corporation | Apparatus for treating magnetic wire and method for treating the same |
CN110860569A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-03-06 | 江西兴成铜业有限公司 | Multi-head wire drawing method for electrical round copper wire |
CN110860569B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2022-04-19 | 江西兴成铜业有限公司 | Multi-head wire drawing method for electrical round copper wire |
CN112792145A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-14 | 松田电工(台山)有限公司 | Enameled wire production equipment capable of reducing wire damage and production process thereof |
CN112792145B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2023-04-14 | 松田电工(台山)有限公司 | Enameled wire production equipment capable of reducing wire damage and production process thereof |
CN116116920A (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2023-05-16 | 中山莱通金属科技有限公司 | Ultra-fine metal wire drawing process |
CN118122769A (en) * | 2024-04-17 | 2024-06-04 | 南通金轮精密智造有限公司 | Online annealing finishing mill and semi-hard line production process thereof |
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