US445692A - Hydrocarbon-burner - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) f 2 Sheets-Sheet 2..

B. G. DEVOE. HYDROGARBON BURNER.

No. 445,692. Patented Peb. s, 18911. l

UNITED *STATES PATENT OFFICE- BENJAMIN G. DEVOE, OF LIMA, OHIO.

HYDROCARBON-BURN ER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.' l145,692, dated February 3, 1891.

Application iilecl July 14, 1890.

To @ZZ whom t may concern.-

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN G. Devon, of Lima, in the county of Allen and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in I'IydrocarbonfBurners; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form part of this specification.

This invention relates to hydrocarbon-burners.

The object of the invention is to produce a device which will rapidly `generate a fixed gas from crude petroleum or its distillates and at the same time consume the heavier hydrocarbons, such as tar, parafline, the., whereby the resulting gas will be pure and free from those elements which are most objectionable in anoil gas. Afurther object :is to produce mechanism to be used in conjunction with the burner for increasing or diminishing the heating power of the same, so that one burner may be advantageously employed for a number of purposes. A further object is to produce ia hydrocarbon-burner which will generate a large quantity of gas with but a small consumption of oil. A final object is l to produce a hydrocarbon-burner which shall be simple of construction, efficient and durable in use, and which may be manufactured at a nominal ligure.

IVith these objects in view the invention consists in providing' a deflector adapted to deflect the products of combustion, an oilsupply pipe arranged in such relation to tho deiiector that the flames therefrom will contact directly with the pipe, and thus vaporize the oil therein, and a mixer adapted to supply atmospheric air to the vapor thus produced in suitablequantities, whereby the ad- .mixed vapor and air will combine to form a gas of great heating power.

The invention further consists in providing an adjustable deiiector adapted to deflect the products of combustion in any desired direc- Serial No. 358, 690. (No model.)

In the accompanying drawingsforming part of this specification, and in which like numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts, I have illustrated a device embodying the essential features of my invention.

In the drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal sectional View of a stove, showing my im proved burner placed therein. Fig. 2 is aside elevation. Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line a; a: of Fig. 2. Fig. i is a top plan view with a portion of the mechanism removed, showing the oil-supply pipe; and Fig. 5 is an enlarged transverse sectional view taken on the line g/ y of Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawings, l designates the base of the device, which from its function I will designate as a concentrating-pan, consisting of two inclined portions 2 and 3, which are arranged one above the other at any de` sired height and are connected by means of a curved portion 4. This pan is preferably rectangular in shape, and is bounded at its end and sides by upward-extendin g flanges 5. Supported upon the pan b y means of uprights 6 is a hollow supportingframe 7, provided with u pWard-cxtendin g ears 8, through which passes the supply-pipe 9, as shown in Figs. 3

ICO

supply-.pipe by means of ears 1tv is the deflector 15,'nhi'ch is provided preferably centrally and longitudinally of its length with a groove 16,betWeen which and the su pply-pipe is formed a space 17, the function of which will be described farther on.

Upon the .concentrating-pan is mounted the mixer 18, constructed of a stationary portion 1.9,which is held in place upon the said panA by means of a screw 20, formed integral with the portion and nuts 2.1, and a movable portion 22 pivoted tothe said stationary portion. These two parts are constructed preferably rectangular in form and are wider at the base than at the top, as clearly showd in Figs. 3 and 5.

Having thus fully described the different parts of my device,I will explain the manner of its operation: The oil is first fed to the supply-pipe S) through a cock 23 and flows to the jet-pipe 11, and escapes to the concentrating-pan, Whercit is ignited. The flame from thel same passes up through the mixer 18 and contacts with the under side of the detlector 15, around which it passes to the top of the same, and thus contacts with the supply-pi pe, thereby serving to vaporize the oil therein, the tiame not passing over the top of the said pipe alone, but under the same through the space 17thus thoroughly heating the entire surface lof the pipe.

As will be clearly seen by reference to Figs. 3 and 5, the supply-pipe does not contact with either the supporting-plate 7 or the deiiector 15, and it thus follows that the flame from the burning oil also contacts with the entire surface of the pipe arranged between these two portions. As soon as the heat is sufliciently intense to vaporize the oil the escapes through openings 24 lin the jet-pipe 11 and escapes up through the mixers, which are so arranged as to supply the requisite amount of oxygen to produce the desired degree of heat and against the deflector inthe manner described, the residuum passing out of the ends of the jet-pipe and into the concentrating-p'an, where itis consumed. Vhere an intense heat is desired, the mixer is open'ed, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5, which position of parts generates a large draft and causes aA mixed gas and oxygen to escape with great force through the mouth o'f the mixer and against the dcflector, around which latter the lflame curls in a solid sheet of flame. In order to appreciate the adjustable feature of the deiiector, attentionis called to Fig. 1, in `which the burner is shown mounted in `a stove 25. Supposing that the oven 26 contains :an article of food to be cooked and the attendant discovers that the heat from the burner is escaping up the chimney, it will only be necessary in order to remedy this del feet to tilt the detiector in the direction indicated by the arrow, when the full body of heat will be brought to play upon the oven, and

thus expedite the cooking, the reverse adjustment of the delector causing but a minimum amount of heat to be brought to bear upon the oven.-

Although I have shown in thisinstance two mixers in operation, I would distinctly have it understood that I do not limit myself to that number, as in some instances I may employ but one and in other instances two or more. Y

By means of the peculiar construction of the concentrating pan, lwhich by reason of its double inclined surfaces causes all the oil to flow to one place, all of the heavier hydrocarbons, such as parraiine, tar, tbc., are thoroughly eliminated from the oil in starting an initial fire, and as the concentrating-pan is kept highly heated it follows that the residuum in the supply-pipe will escape through the open ends of the jet-pipe 11, thus keeping the supply-pipe thoroughly cleansed and preventing 'coating or coking of the same, which is a source of great annoyance in this class of burners. Moreover, by having the mixer made adj ust-able, so that the volume of oxygen can be increased or diminished at will, the heating capacity of the burner can beregulated as desired.

In the foregoing description I have 'described the device as it operates in burning crude petroleum; but when retin ed oil is employed the valves on the jet-pipe 11 are closed and the gas escapes through the openings 24.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-'` Y g 1. In a hydrocarbon-burner, a concentrating-pan having a double-incline bottom, an open-ended jet-pipe having suitable jet-orifices, said pipe being shorter than the pan and located horizontally over it, and a supply pipe located above and communicating with the jet-pipe, for the purposes set forth.

2. In a hydrocarbon-burner, a pan having a double-incline bottom, an open-ended jetpipe having suitable jet-orifices, said pipe being shorter than the pan and located horizontally over it, valves for closing the ends of t-he jet-pipe when desired, and a 'supplypipe located above and communicating with the jet-pipe, for the purposes set forth. l

3. In a hydrocarbon-burner, va concentrating-pan, an fopen-ended jet-pipe having 'suitable jet-orifices located horizontally over said pan, a frame supported by the pan,a`supply pipe supported by said frame and communieating with the jet-pipe, a tilting deflector suspended from the supply-pipe, and a mixer located between thel j et-pipe and defiector, for the purposes set forth.

4. In a hydrocarbon-burner, a panhaving a double-incline bottom, an openended 4jetpipe having jet-orinees in its upper side,"s'aid pipe being shorter than the pan and located over it, a frame supported by the pan, a sup-` ply-pipe supported Vby said frame and communicatingwith th'e vjet-pipe, a tilting deflector between,thesupplyipipe and jet-pipe, and anadjustable mixer between the jet-pipe supply-pipe, and an adjustable mixer snpported by the pan, al1 as described, and for .the purposes set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as r 5 my own I affix my signature `in presence of two Witnesses.

BENJAMIN G. DEVOE.

Vitnesses:

WILLTAM WEBSTER, R. M. ELLIOTT.

Images