US442163A - Hydrocarbon-oil burner - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 3 sheets-sheet 1.

R. P. AMBLE-R.

HYDROGARBON OIL BURNER No. 442,163. Patented Deo. 9, 1890.

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(No Model.)

R. P. AMBLER. HYDROGARBON OIL BURNER Patented 1390.9, 1890.

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l (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. R. P. AMBLER.

HYDROGARBON OIL BURNER No. 442,163. Patented Deo. 9, 1890.V

Homey UNiTn STATES PATENT OFFICE,

RUSSELL PERKINS AMBLER, OF DE FUNIAK SPRINGS, FLORIDA.

HYDROCARBON-OIL BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 442,163, dated December 9, 1890.

Application filed January 18, 1890. Serial No. 337,302. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, RUSSELL PERKINS AM- BLER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of De Funiak Springs, in the county of IValton and State of Florida, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Oil Burners; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the salne, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, and to letters ol' reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Figure l of the drawings is a perspective view. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section. Fig. 3 is a cross-section. Fig. 4 is a perspective in detail of chambers B and B B. Fig. 5 is a view showing my invention as applied for use.

The object of this invention is to produce a fuel of a purely gaseous character which shall be derived from the divided or atomized vapor of kerosene-oil mixed in such proper tions with the oxygen of air as to produce perfect combustion.

In the use of kerosene-oil as fuel practical difficulties have arisen on account ot' its tendency to emit smoke, due to the large quantity of carbon present. To a certain extent this tendency has been counteracted by feeding the? oil to the flame through wicking, the air being fed thereto by means of a suitable chimney; but in all devices of this character the flame is restricted within certain limits; otherwise smoke is a result. Such difficulties must always be experienced whenever oil, or even the vapor of oil, is consumed in a body, since in such a condition it cannot, if used in any considerable quantity, combine with a sufficient proportion of oxygen to make combustion perfect. I have therefore adopted the method of minutely dividing the oil-vapor and passing it up through small interstices, and then of so introducing the air to it in this finely-divided stat-e that its minutest parts are surrounded and permeated with the oxygen which readily combines with it.

To carry out the aforesaid objects I employ the apparatus consisting of the novel combination and construction of parts, will appear from the following description and accompanying illustrations.

In the embodiment of my invention I employ a closure or receptacle A, arranged as shown in connection with the stove A', containing a lower central chamber B, two airheating chambers C C, arranged above and one at each side of the chamber B, and two ai r-superheating chambersD D, said chambers C having connected to them air-inlet pipes C'.

In the chamber B, resting upon its bottom, is placed a quantity of animal charcoal d, about half an inch in depth, to spread and evenly distribute the oil. Upon the animal charcoal a is placed a mixture of nc salt and sand, which is used on account of its great heat-transmitting quality.

Over and secured to the top edge of the chamber B is arranged a wire gauze or screen E to prevent the flame reaching the oil in said chamber, and to divide up the oil-vapor into minute parts and to effect the thorough admixture of the air with the vapor.

Arranged centrally and longitudinally in the chamber B is' a vertical metal partition or plate b, which is adapted, as hereinafter described, to radiate the heat through and heat the salt and sand compound to enable it to rapidly vaporize the oil, passing, as presently seen, through said mixture, continuously sustaining the Haine.

Fisthe kerosenefeeding pipe,having abowl or mouth on its outer end to receive and per mit the ready feeding ofthe kerosene therein, while its inner end enters and is capped in the bottom of thc chamber B, as at cx, two upward and outwardly deflected passages c being formed in said cap and leading from the inner end of said pipe to feed the kerosene into said chamber and up through the charcoal and salt and sand compound or filling.

-At the sides of the chamber B are airchambers B 3', up through apertures cxx, in the bottoms of which the air is admitted.

In the upper edges of lthe dividing-walls between the vaporiZer-chamber B and airchambers B 3 are provided, at short intervals apart, series of recesses forming airpassages d, through which the air from below passes above the chamber B ou its way into the central tlamechamber- IOC) F Fare movable plates or slides which are arranged to slide ov'cr the air-passages CZ and abut against the plate b and project through openings in the sides of the closure 5 or receptacle A, theirouter longitudinal edges serving to permit the ready or convenient manipulation thereof. These plates or slides have in each of them a series of oblong or rectangular openings c e, through which the o gas or vapor, with the colnmingled air, issue into flame, perfect combustion resulting at these points. The plates F are movable, to permit uncovering the air-passages CZ, as found desirable and necessary when starting the i 5 operation of the apparatus and until it has become somewhat heated, after which they are closed, the flame then issuing from the aperture e.

The superheaters (l are each provided with- .o in their chambers with aseries of closely-disposed plates 71, h, having at alternately opposite ends air-passages h', to give the air admitted thereto through passages h2 h2 in their bottoms from the chambers C a circuitous 2 5 passage therethrough, to thoroughly heat the air, which is finally discharged through passages 71-3 in the bottoms of the superheaters into the flame, as will appear from Figs. 2 Y and 3. The air, having thus, as intimated, 3o been thoroughly heated, is in condition to readily combine with the carbonacous elements of the Haine, thus promoting combustion and intensifying the heat.

The mode of operation is as follows: A small portion of gasoline mixed with an equal quantity of kerosene is poured into the upper cupshaped end of the pipe F until the filling of the said chamber becomes saturated. A lighted match is applied at the screen E, and ignition` 4o of the fluid takes place, and in a few minutes the liame, acting on the central plate or radiator Z1, communicates its heat to the surrounding mixture of salt and sand,thus converting the contained oil or fil-uidinto vapor,

and so preparing fluel for the flame. Meanwhile ordinary kerosene-oil,preferably of the grade known as llOtestf is conveyed in drops from a tank conveniently placed through the pipe F, and lifted by hydrostatic pressure 5o through the subdivviding and heat-radiating material in the form of the sand and salt in the chamber B. Here itis vaporized by the heatalready produced, and the vapor passes upward th-rough the screen E, and at this point, being supplied with a suitable proportion of air from the air-conduits CZ, itappears in the form of acleargas-ame without smoke or smut. Sustaining itself by the means already described, the iame now becomes con- 6o tinuousand is regulated by the quantity of oil supplied, being less or greater according to th e frequency with which the oil is allowed tod-rop into the bowl or cup-at the on-terend of t-hepipe F. The air received into the ai r-heatin g chamber C passes upward through the passage 71.2

and enters the superheater above, and after passing through the several compartments Athereof is Iinally discharged slowly and uniformly through the passages h3 into the flame, the supply of air being regulated by the flame itself, an increase in the latter having the effect of drawing more air, and vice versa, by this process air, or more properly the oxygen contained in it, becoming an important part of the fuel by which the flame is sustained and by which heat is generated.

The advantages of this invention are that,

owing to the large admixture of air with the oil-vapor, a great heating capacity is developed with a comparatively small expenditure of oil; that the `flame produced, being without smoke, can be used for purposes and under conditions to which ordinary fuel would be inapplicable; that because the operation of the apparatus is largely automatic in character, it is convenient to use and easy to manage, requiring but little attention, andthat in practice it is entirely and absolutelysafe, the gases which feed the fiame having a free outlet and being consumed as rapidlyas they are generated.

Having described my invent-ion, what I claim isl. In an oil-burner, thc combination, with the chamber having a filling of mixed material, of the central division-plate or radiator arranged in said chamber, the bottom plate of said chamber having va passage divided into channels by the bottom tapered edge of said division-plate, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In an oil-burner, the combination, with the closure or receptacle having the central oil-chamber and lateral air-chambers, the upper edge portions ot' which are provided'with series of air-passages, the central divisionplate or radiator in said chamber, and the slides or plates extending through the sides of said receptacle and arranged over said airpassages, and each having a series of fiamepassages and engaging at its inner edge said division-plate or radiator, substantially as set forth.

3. In an oil-burner. the combination, with the: casing or clos-ure having a central heating said oil-chamber, hot-air chambers arranged at the sides of said name-chamber and .having air-inlets and superheating air-chambers communicating with said hot-air chambers 'and with said central dame-chamber, said su perheatin g air-chambers having tortuouslyarranged partitions between their inlet and discharge openings, substantially asset. forth.. In testimony whereof I affix my signature in. presence off two Witnesses.

RUSSELL PERKINS AMBLER. Vitnesses:

' HENRY DEITZ,

JOSEPH N. STEPHENS.

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or oil chamber and lateral air-chamber above A

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