Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N53/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing cyclopropane carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof

Definitions

• This invention is directed to cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2-naphthylmethyl ester of the formula ##STR1## as well as processes for its preparation.
• This invention is also directed to pesticidal compositions containing, as the active ingredient, the compound of formula I and methods for use of these pesticidal compositions.
• This invention is directed to cyclopropane-carboxylic acid 2-naphthylmethyl ester of the formula ##STR2##
• This invention is also directed to process for the preparation of this compound as well as pesticidal compositions, and methods for their use, which contain, as the active ingredient, the compound of formula I.
• the compound of formula I possesses systemic activity, it acts mainly as a direct ovicide.
• the compound is especially useful against insects and acarids.
• cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2-naphthylmethyl ester of formula I is prepared by one of the procedures described below:
• reactive derivative of an acid refers to an acid halide, an acid anhydride, an imidazolide, an ester of a low-boiling alcohol, an alkali metal salt, a silver salt or a salt of a tertiary amine.
• the esterification process using the acid of formula I is preferably carried out in a suitable inert solvent, at room temperature or at an elevated temperature.
• the reaction conditions are such as are suitable for eliminating water, e.g. in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or by azeotropically distilling off the water formed in the catalyzed reaction mixture.
• an acid halide is used as the reactive derivative of the acid of formula I
• the reaction with the alcohol is carried out at room temperature in the presence of an acid acceptor, e.g. a tertiary amine such as pyridine or triethylamine and, preferably, in an inert solvent.
• an acid acceptor e.g. a tertiary amine such as pyridine or triethylamine
• Preferred acid halides are the acid chlorides.
• suitable inert solvents include benzene, toluene and petroleum ether.
• the compound of formula I is prepared by heating the ester with the alcohol of the formula III in the presence of a base, preferably an alkali metal alcoholate which corresponds to the low-boiling alcohol of the ester employed, or in the presence of sodium hydride in an inert solvent such as toluene.
• a base preferably an alkali metal alcoholate which corresponds to the low-boiling alcohol of the ester employed, or in the presence of sodium hydride in an inert solvent such as toluene.
• the low-boiling alcohol, liberated during the reaction, is removed by fractional distillation.
• low-boiling alcohols examples include methanol and ethanol.
• the compound of formula I is prepared by reacting the imidazolide with the alcohol of formula III, in the presence of a catalytic amount of an alkali metal alcoholate, or with an alkali metal alcoholate of the alcohol of formula III.
• the reaction is preferably carried out at room temperature in an inert solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran or dimethoxyethane.
• the compound formula I is prepared by reacting the acid anhydride with the alcohol of the formula III at room temperature or, preferably, with heating and in the presence of a solvent such as toluene or xylene.
• These compounds of formula IV are, thus, reactive derivatives of the alcohol of formula III.
• the reactive derivatives are the halides or sulfonic acid esters.
• the compound of I is prepared by reacting the halide or sulfonic acid ester with the acid of formula II.
• the reaction is carried out in an organic solvent such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, diethyl ketone, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulphoxide, benzene or toluene and in the presence of a base, preferably potassium carbonate, the reaction temperature can range, preferably, from about 30° C. to the boiling point of the solvent.
• the mixture is poured into an inorganic acid, preferably dilute hydrochloric acid, dilute sulphuric acid, dilute phosphoric acid or dilute nitric acid.
• an inorganic acid preferably dilute hydrochloric acid, dilute sulphuric acid, dilute phosphoric acid or dilute nitric acid.
• the acid solution is extracted with hexane the hexane is distilled off and the residue is purified by chromatography on silica gel or aluminum oxide and/or by distillation.
• This invention is also directed to pesticidal compositions which comprise inert carrier material and, as the active ingredient, the compound of formula I, i.e. cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2-naphthylmethyl ester.
• pesticidal compositions contain, as the inert carrier material, at least one of the following ingredients: carrier material, wetting agents, inert diluents and solvents.
• cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2-naphthylmethyl ester is water soluble.
• the usual methods of formulation of insoluble materials can be followed.
• cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2-naphthylmethyl ester can be dissolved in a water-immiscible solvent such as a high-boiling hydrocarbon which, preferably, contains dissolved emulsifiers.
• the solution acts as a selfemulsifiable oil when added to water.
• the compound of the formula I can also be mixed with a wetting agent, with or without an inert diluent, to form a wettable powder which is soluble or dispersible in water.
• Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2-naphthylmethyl ester can be mixed with an inert diluent to form a solid or pulverulent powder.
• Suitable inert diluents with which the compound of the formula I can be processed, are solid inert media including pulverulent or finely divided solids such as clays, sand, talc, mica, fertilizers and the like.
• the resulting compositions can be either dusts or materials of relatively large particle size.
• Wetting agents suitable for use with cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2-naphthylmethyl ester, can be anionic, cationic or non-ionic.
• anionic wetting agents include soaps, fatty sulfate esters such as sodium dodecyl-sulfate, sodium octadecyl-sulfate and sodium cetyl-sulfate, fatty-aromatic sulfonates, such as alkylbenzene-sulfonates, or butylnaphthalenesulfonates, and the more complex fatty sulfonates, such as the amide condensation products of oleic acid and N-methyltaurine or the sodium salt of dioctylsuccinate.
• fatty sulfate esters such as sodium dodecyl-sulfate, sodium octadecyl-sulfate and sodium cetyl-sulfate
• fatty-aromatic sulfonates such as alkylbenzene-sulfonates, or butylnaphthalenesulfonates
• cationic wetting agents examples include cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and the like.
• non-ionic wetting agents include, for example, condensation products of fatty acids, fatty alcohols or fatty-alkyl-substituted phenols with ethylene oxide, fatty acid esters and ethers of sugars or of polyhydric alcohols, condensation products of these fatty acid esters and ethers of sugars or of polyhydric alcohols with ethylene oxide or block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
• the pesticidal compositions of this invention can also be used in aerosol form using, in addition to the propellant gas, carrier material comprising a co-solvent and a wetting agent.
• Suitable propellant gases included the polyhalogenated alkanes such as dichlorodifluoromethane.
• the pesticidal compositions of this invention can also contain other active ingredients such as synergistic agents and other active insecticides, bactericides and fungicides.
• Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2-naphthylmethyl ester is particularly valuable as an insecticide and acaricide, especially against sucking pests such as white flies, aphids and spiders such as tetranychidae, esiophyidae and ixodoidea.
• the compound acts as a direct insecticide and mainly as a direct ovicide. It thus reduces, on a long term basis, any increase in the insect population.
• Cyclopropane-carboxylic acid 2-naphthylmethyl ester also possesses systemic action. Its action as an acaricide is a preferred aspect of this invention.
• the present invention is also concerned with a method for the treatment of animals and locus, e.g. plants and soil, subject to or subjected to attack by pests free from such attack, which method comprises applying to said animals or locus an effective amount of the pesticidal composition as defined hereinabove.
• animals and locus e.g. plants and soil
• pests free from such attack which method comprises applying to said animals or locus an effective amount of the pesticidal composition as defined hereinabove.
• cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2-naphthylmethyl ester can be used in different concentrations depending on its intended end use.
• the compound is applied at a concentration of from about 100 to about 2,000 g/ha for combatting pests on plants.
• the animals are conveniently dipped in a solution containing from about 100 to about 1,000 ppm of cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2-naphthylmethyl ester.
• the animals can be sprayed with a solution of the same concentration.
• the acute toxicity of cyclopropane carboxylic acid 2-naphthylmethyl ester is greater than 1,000 mg/kg. Thus, it is of extremely low toxicity to vertebrae.
• This Example illustrates the activity of cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2-naphthylmethyl ester on fruit tree spider mites.
• Apple trees (Star Crimson) were treated with a wettable powder containing cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2-naphthylmethyl ester as the active ingredient.
• the concentration of active ingredient was 0.075% and the amount of liquor used in 2,4000 liters of the solution per hectare were used.
• the plot size contained one apple tree and experiments were carried out with four plots for each compound.
• the economically acceptable damage threshold is 8-10 fruit tree spider mites/tree.
• This example illustrates both the activity of cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2-naphthylmethyl ester against Tetranychus urticae and the ultra-violet stability of the compound.
• Young potted kidney bean plants, in the two-leaf stage, are sprayed with an acetone solution of an active ingredient.
• the dosage rate was 10 -5 grams of active ingredient per square centimeter.
• the plants are incubated for seven days under ultraviolet light (Phillips TLA 40 W/05). Following the incubation period, 3 cm diameter discs are cut from the plants and infected with 8-10 adult Tetranychus urticae.
• the adult animals are removed one day later and the leaf discs containing eggs are kept at 25° C. and 60% atmospheric humidity for 6 days. Untreated and acetone-treated plants served as controls.
• the reslts tabulated below, are expressed in percent reduction of the hatching rate and of the survival rate of the first larvae as compared to the controls.
• This example illustrates the activity of cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2-naphthylmethyl ester against a sensitive strain of Tetranychus urticae.
• Kidney bean plants with a well-developed leaf are infected with ten female animals of a sensitive strain of Tetranychus urtricae. After egg laying (2 days after infection) the female animals are removed and the plants are sprayed with 20 ml of an aqueous emulsion of the active ingredient.
• the dosage is expressed as percent of active ingredient. 0.1% of active ingredient is equal to an applied dosage of about 10 -6 g of active ingredient per square centimeter.
• This Example illustrates the preparation of an emulsifiable concentrate.

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
• Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
• Plant Pathology (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Dentistry (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

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Citations (2)

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• 1978
  • 1978-11-28 NZ NZ189032A patent/NZ189032A/xx unknown
  • 1978-12-12 TR TR20395A patent/TR20395A/xx unknown
  • 1978-12-13 US US05/968,893 patent/US4201789A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1978-12-14 ZA ZA00786992A patent/ZA786992B/xx unknown
  • 1978-12-14 AU AU42553/78A patent/AU4255378A/en active Pending
  • 1978-12-15 EP EP78101699A patent/EP0002532B1/de not_active Expired
  • 1978-12-15 IL IL56218A patent/IL56218A/xx unknown
  • 1978-12-15 DE DE7878101699T patent/DE2860993D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1978-12-15 EG EG687/78A patent/EG13606A/xx active
  • 1978-12-16 AR AR274834A patent/AR222027A1/es active
  • 1978-12-20 JP JP15654478A patent/JPS5490164A/ja active Pending
  • 1978-12-20 ES ES476159A patent/ES476159A1/es not_active Expired
• 1979
  • 1979-02-22 GR GR57941A patent/GR77616B/el unknown

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