US4100582A - Audio-visual apparatus - Google Patents

Audio-visual apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US4100582A
US4100582A US05/745,694 US74569476A US4100582A US 4100582 A US4100582 A US 4100582A US 74569476 A US74569476 A US 74569476A US 4100582 A US4100582 A US 4100582A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
photographic film
film
magnetic tape
lever
spool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US05/745,694
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Nardino Righi
Roberto Gavioli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EURAFRICA-SOCIETA A RESPONSABILITA LIMITATA PER RICHERCHE ELETTRONICHE ED AUDIOVISIVI Soc
EURAFRICA Srl PER RICERCHE ELETTRONICHE E AUDIOVISIV Soc
Original Assignee
EURAFRICA Srl PER RICERCHE ELETTRONICHE E AUDIOVISIV Soc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from IT2978075A external-priority patent/IT1049941B/it
Priority claimed from IT2373076A external-priority patent/IT1062951B/it
Application filed by EURAFRICA Srl PER RICERCHE ELETTRONICHE E AUDIOVISIV Soc filed Critical EURAFRICA Srl PER RICERCHE ELETTRONICHE E AUDIOVISIV Soc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US4100582A publication Critical patent/US4100582A/en
Assigned to EURAFRICA-SOCIETA A RESPONSABILITA LIMITATA SOCIETA PER RICHERCHE ELETTRONICHE ED AUDIOVISIVI reassignment EURAFRICA-SOCIETA A RESPONSABILITA LIMITATA SOCIETA PER RICHERCHE ELETTRONICHE ED AUDIOVISIVI ASSIGNMENT OF 1/2 OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST Assignors: GAVIOLI, ROBERTO
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B31/00—Associated working of cameras or projectors with sound-recording or sound-reproducing means
    • G03B31/06—Associated working of cameras or projectors with sound-recording or sound-reproducing means in which sound track is associated with successively-shown still pictures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for audio-visual equipment, comprising a cartridge or cassette which contains a magnetic tape for the audio or sound section and a photographic film for the video section, and a cassette reproducing device which includes means for promoting the advancement in correct time relationship of the magnetic tape and of the photographic film.
  • the audio section is recorded on a magnetic tape stored in a suitable cassette which is inserted in an audio reproducing device, separately from the photographic film which contains frames (mono or stereo) to be projected by using another device.
  • the separate use of the magnetic tape for the audio section and of the photographic film for the video section involves many problems, such as for instance the problem of having the audio and video sections started and changed in correct time relationship (synchronization of the audio and video), and the problem of storage, for each argument treated, of two separate elements (cassette and photographic film), which may lead to some difficulty whenever it is necessary to select for a particular argument the correct magnetic tape and the correct photographic film.
  • a single cartridge or cassette which contains both the magnetic tape with the audio section recorded thereon and the photographic film with the appropriate video section, consisting of a series of mono or stereo frames.
  • the payoff spool and the takeup spool of the magnetic tape are coaxial respectively to the payoff spool and the takeup spool of the photographic film, so that the motion to both the said tape and the said film can be imparted by coaxially arranged driving shafts engaging with their respective ends the said coaxial spools, both for the reproduction and for the rewinding.
  • a stopping device for controlling the motion of the photographic film in such a manner that the said photographic film is maintained stopped, for its projection, during the whole period of time in which there is reproduced the audio section pertaining to the particular frame being projected, and is allowed to move so as to present another frame for projection when the pertaining audio section has terminated, and a particular signal or message has been picked up from the magnetic tape for promoting, through suitable control means, the release of the said photographic film.
  • a playback or reproducing device which serves for the reproduction, both for the audio and the video section, of the above mentioned cassette, and which comprises means for holding the said cassette in place, means for driving into motion the spools of the magnetic tape so as to cause same to be explored by a reproduce head, and the spools of the photographic film so as to cause same to pass along a path on which there is arranged a source of illumination for the projection of the single frames, and control means for actuating the above mentioned stopping device for the photographic film provided on the cassette.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the cassette to be employed in the audio-visual apparatus according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view similar to that of FIG. 1, with parts broken away for seeing the interior of the cassette;
  • FIG. 3 is a section of the cassette on a vertical transversal plane along the axis of the coaxial spools;
  • FIG. 4 is a detail illustrating a modification of the stopping device provided on the cassette
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a type of stereo photographic film to be employed in the audio-visual apparatus
  • FIG. 6 is a front elevation of the reproducing device with the cassette inserted
  • FIG. 7 is a top view of the reproducing device with the cassette inserted, the cassette being sectioned along a plan in correspondence of the magnetic tape;
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate two operative details of the stopping device on the cassette, as actuated by the control means in the reproducing device;
  • FIG. 10 is a top view of the reproducing device, with the omission of the magnetic reproduce heads
  • FIG. 11 is a view from the bottom of the reproducing device of FIG. 10;
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 are side sections of the driving shafts respectively of the payoff spools and of the takeup spools.
  • the cartridge or cassette for audio-visual apparatus comprises a housing 1, preferably made of suitable plastics, and presenting a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, longitudinally subdivided by a partition wall 2 which is parallel to the main plane of the cassette.
  • a first compartment 3 defined by the partition wall 2 and by the side 4, while two transversal partition walls 6, 6' which are parallel between them and to the smaller faces of the cassette, define, together with the first partition wall 2 and the side 7, two other compartments 5, respectively 5'.
  • the cassette 1 is assembled by means of screws, or in any other known manner.
  • the compartment 3, which is intended to house the magnetic tape for the audio section of the cassette presents a thickness which is inferior to the thickness of the compartments 5, 5' which are intended to house the photographic film for the visual section of the cassette.
  • the magnetic tape 9 which unwinds from a payoff spool 10, is guided by rollers 12, 13 and by other suitable guide surfaces along a rectilinear length parallel to the longitudinal smaller side 14 of the cassette, and is wound onto a takeup spool 15.
  • Another aperture 17 is provided in order to permit the insertion of a conventional drive capstan and pressure roller for the movement of the tape.
  • conventional felt pads 18, 18' supported by elastic means, are arranged in correspondence of each aperture 16, 16'.
  • the photographic film 20 which unwinds from a payoff spool 21, is guided by rollers 22 and 23 along a rectilinear section which is parallel to the side 14, and is wound onto a takeup spool 24.
  • the side 14 is provided with an aperture 25, through which the single frames of the photographic film are projected, being illuminated by a beam of light from a source S passing through an aperture 26 provided on the side of the cassette which is opposed to the said side 14, while a further aperture 27 is provided on side 7 of the cassette for permitting the air cooling of the film.
  • partition walls 6 and 6' provide for the insulation of the photographic film from the heat of the light source.
  • the spools 10 (and 15) of the magnetic tape, and the spools 21 (and 24) of the photographic film are mounted co-axial and freely rotatable in the respective compartments of the cassette.
  • Said spools 10 (and 21) and 15 (and 24) can be driven into rotation by suitable co-axial winding spindles which penetrate through openings 31 on side 4 and through openings 32 on partition wall 2.
  • the ends of the photographic film 20 and of the magnetic tape 9 are secured to the respective spools (see FIG. 2) by means of conventional locking pins 33, 34.
  • a stopping or locking device of the advancement of said photographic film 20 which consists of a square lever 35, fulcrumed at 36 on the housing 1 and urged by a return spring 37 which acts so as to push a locking tooth 35' of said lever 35 into a suitable perforation or sprocket hole 38 obtained on the longitudinal side of the photographic film in correspondence of each frame.
  • the locking tooth 35' of lever 35 is located in correspondence of an annular groove 22' provided in the guide roller 22, so as to be able to penetrate inside the perforations 38 of the photographic film 20, and to stop same.
  • the said lever 35 presents suitably shaped portions, in correspondence of the locking tooth 35' provided on one end 135, and in correspondence of the other end 235, in order to permit the smooth advancement of the photographic film during its normal operation (see arrow A, FIGS. 8 and 9) and its rewinding in the contrary direction.
  • the swinging movement of lever 35, for locking and releasing the photographic film is controlled by suitable means acting on the end of said lever opposed to the end carrying the locking tooth 35', as it will be explained later in the course of the present description.
  • the photographic film 20 (FIG. 5) must be provided with particular perforations or sprocket holes 38.
  • the conventional photographic film 20 presenting the perforations 43 is passed on a freely rotatable sprocket wheel 44 presenting a coaxially mounted cam-shaped profile 45 defining a radial step 46 which can be engaged by the locking tooth 35' of the square lever 35.
  • the longitudinal development of the cam profile 45 is equal to the gauge between the subsequent frames in the photographic film 20.
  • the reproducing apparatus comprises a support plate 50, which is carried by the base plate 51 and which can be slidably moved towards the front side of cassette 1, through suitable guide members 52, 53 and 54.
  • a first magnetic head 55 intended to pick up the code informations on one track of the magnetic tape, for promoting the movement of the photographic film
  • a second magnetic reproduce head 56 intended to pick up the audio section of the cassette, recorded on the second track of the magnetic tape
  • a pressure roller 57 lined with rubber which, by cooperating with the drive capstan 58 promotes the movement of the magnetic tape 9.
  • the support plate 50 may be moved, suitably guided by guide members 52, 53, 54, to plate 51 and the cassette, through the action of a pin 59 which acts on a suitably shaped small plate secured to support plate 50, under the action of the manually operated lever 60.
  • a constant speed electric motor 61 which, through belt 62 drives into rotation the pulley 63 on the shaft 64 of which there are keyed the small pulley 65 and the drive capstan 58 (see FIG. 10) for entraining into movement, with the cooperation of the pressure roller 57, the magnetic tape 9.
  • the small pulley 65 through belt 66, drives pulley 67 which on its turn through belt 68 drives into rotation the rubber-lined wheel 69 which is carried by the support plate 70 mounted capable of oscillating around pivot pin 170, said support plate 70 being caused to swing around said pin 170 under the action of the elastic end of lever 270, the movement of which is controlled through the tie rod 71, the other end of which is hinged to pin 72 connected through a suitable slot to the support plate 50.
  • the said rubber-lined wheel 69 drives into rotation the wheel 73, which on its turn drives the other rubber-lined wheel 74 which latter (see particularly FIG. 13) through a felt disc 75 drives into rotation the bushing 76 onto which there is keyed the cylindrical shaft 77 terminating at its upper end with a prismatic male member 78 acting as a driving spindle which is intended to engage the takeup spool 24 of the photographic film.
  • the said felt disc 75 interposed between wheel 74 and bushing 76, presents a very low friction coefficient, so that the stopping of the photographic film does not interfere with the movement of the various drives.
  • the above mentioned rubber-lined wheel 83 drives into rotation the wheel 84 which, on its turn, drives the rubber-lined wheel 85; this latter is coupled, through a friction disc 86 to the driving spindle 88 which is intended to engage and drive into rotation the takeup spool of the magnetic tape.
  • the movement of the photographic film is normally interrupted, and it is released at the completion of the audio portion pertaining to the frame being projected, for a period of time which is sufficient to permit the movement of the said photographic film for a length corresponding to the gauge between two subsequent frames (or couple of frames, in the case of stereo diapositives).
  • the control for the releasing of the photographic film is obtained through a message which has been pre-recorded in the magnetic tape.
  • the photographic film to be projected comprises a series of stereo diapositives, and it consists more particularly of a film 20 provided with a longitudinal edge 120 on which there are obtained perforations 38 centered in correspondence of the line of separation of each pair of frames L-L', M-M', N-N' which are intended for the stereo projection.
  • the actuating lever 92 is caused to oscillate from its rest position to the position in which it acts on the arm 235 of square lever 35, thus releasing the photographic film, by the rotation of the small plate 96 around the fixed pin 95, said small plate 96 acting with its free end 97 against the lower end of the actuating lever 92.
  • the rotation of plate 96 around pin 95 is obtained by the energization of the electromagnet 99 which draws the movable keeper 100 hinged on plate 96 towards the front face of the wheel 67.
  • keeper 100 is subjected to the action of the pin 101 provided on pulley 67 which pushes the said keeper 100, thus promoting the swinging of plate 96 around pin 95, and the consequent oscillation of lever 92.
  • the device according to the invention is provided with means for the re-winding of the magnetic tape and of the photographic film again onto the respective payoff spools.
  • the rewinding is obtained by acting, through lever 60 and pin 59, so as to promote the shifting of the support plate 50 towards the front section of the apparatus.
  • the tie rods 71 having their ends hinged on said support, cause the movement of the elastic levers 70 and the consequent shifting of the rubber-lined wheels 69 and 83, which transmit the rotation to the wheels 102 and 103 connected, through suitable friction discs 104 and 105 (FIG. 12) respectively to the winding hubs of the payoff spools of the photographic film and of the magnetic tape.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Replacement Of Web Rolls (AREA)
  • Cameras In General (AREA)
  • Photographic Developing Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Camera Data Copying Or Recording (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
US05/745,694 1975-11-28 1976-11-29 Audio-visual apparatus Expired - Lifetime US4100582A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2978075A IT1049941B (it) 1975-11-28 1975-11-28 Cartuccia a due strati per apparecchi audiovisivi
IT29780A/75 1975-11-28
IT23730A/76 1976-05-28
IT2373076A IT1062951B (it) 1976-05-28 1976-05-28 Dispositivo per provocare l automatico e progressivo avanzamento di una pellicola con diapositive mono o stereoscopiche ed il trascinamento di un nastro magnetico con commento preregistrato

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4100582A true US4100582A (en) 1978-07-11

Family

ID=26328417

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/745,694 Expired - Lifetime US4100582A (en) 1975-11-28 1976-11-29 Audio-visual apparatus

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4100582A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5931686B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR7607953A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1076856A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2653957A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES453984A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2333278A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1570598A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5444202A (en) * 1992-09-10 1995-08-22 Gec Alsthom T&D Ag Actuator for electrical switches

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56154720A (en) * 1980-05-02 1981-11-30 Olympus Optical Co Ltd Film cassette
JPS60162182U (ja) * 1984-04-06 1985-10-28 不二グレ−ト工業株式会社 懸架式溝蓋

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3389953A (en) * 1965-06-28 1968-06-25 Martin E Gerry Sound synchronized cartridge
US3498703A (en) * 1966-07-11 1970-03-03 Martin E Gerry Sound synchronized camera-projector
US3547529A (en) * 1968-03-21 1970-12-15 Belle Ind Inc Cartridge for audio-visual projector and projector arrangement using that cartridge
US3592535A (en) * 1968-10-24 1971-07-13 Martin E Gerry Sound-synchronized camera-projector
US3844643A (en) * 1972-03-21 1974-10-29 T Aoki Audio-visual cartridge and player
US3938194A (en) * 1972-10-31 1976-02-10 Karl Vockenhuber Method of and apparatus for obtaining synchronous movement between two media

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE827390C (de) * 1949-08-02 1952-01-10 Dr Med Heinrich Hochmuth Vibrationsgeraet
DE827389C (de) * 1950-11-18 1952-01-10 Ernst Grueter Dipl Ing Nichtnaturholzsaerge durch plastische, gegebenenfalls thermische oder thermoplastische Formung
DE1124348B (de) * 1959-01-20 1962-02-22 Pierre Joseph Marie Hemmion Apparat zum Projizieren eines Standbilder tragenden Filmstreifens unter gleichzeitiger Wiedergabe einer auf einem Magnettonband festgelegten Ton- und bzw. oder Sprachaufzeichnung
NL6802906A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1968-03-01 1969-09-03
US3692390A (en) * 1970-03-02 1972-09-19 Kinesonic Ind Ltd Audio-visual device
FR2118604A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1970-12-14 1972-07-28 Bell & Howell Co

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3389953A (en) * 1965-06-28 1968-06-25 Martin E Gerry Sound synchronized cartridge
US3498703A (en) * 1966-07-11 1970-03-03 Martin E Gerry Sound synchronized camera-projector
US3547529A (en) * 1968-03-21 1970-12-15 Belle Ind Inc Cartridge for audio-visual projector and projector arrangement using that cartridge
US3592535A (en) * 1968-10-24 1971-07-13 Martin E Gerry Sound-synchronized camera-projector
US3844643A (en) * 1972-03-21 1974-10-29 T Aoki Audio-visual cartridge and player
US3938194A (en) * 1972-10-31 1976-02-10 Karl Vockenhuber Method of and apparatus for obtaining synchronous movement between two media

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5444202A (en) * 1992-09-10 1995-08-22 Gec Alsthom T&D Ag Actuator for electrical switches

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2333278B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1982-10-22
JPS5287032A (en) 1977-07-20
BR7607953A (pt) 1977-11-08
CA1076856A (en) 1980-05-06
FR2333278A1 (fr) 1977-06-24
DE2653957A1 (de) 1977-06-08
JPS5931686B2 (ja) 1984-08-03
ES453984A1 (es) 1977-11-16
GB1570598A (en) 1980-07-02

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Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: EURAFRICA-SOCIETA A RESPONSABILITA LIMITATA SOCIET

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF 1/2 OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:GAVIOLI, ROBERTO;REEL/FRAME:005181/0774

Effective date: 19890928