US4083940A - Coal purification and electrode formation - Google Patents

Coal purification and electrode formation Download PDF

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Publication number
US4083940A
US4083940A US05/660,704 US66070476A US4083940A US 4083940 A US4083940 A US 4083940A US 66070476 A US66070476 A US 66070476A US 4083940 A US4083940 A US 4083940A
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Prior art keywords
coal
solution
range
contacting
carbonaceous material
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US05/660,704
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English (en)
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Subodh K. Das
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Howmet Aerospace Inc
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Aluminum Company of America
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Priority to US05/660,704 priority Critical patent/US4083940A/en
Priority to CA265,057A priority patent/CA1081150A/fr
Priority to FR7702735A priority patent/FR2343060A1/fr
Priority to GB4248/77A priority patent/GB1568453A/en
Priority to DE2706536A priority patent/DE2706536C3/de
Priority to PL1977196094A priority patent/PL115877B1/pl
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Publication of US4083940A publication Critical patent/US4083940A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • H05B7/02—Details
    • H05B7/06—Electrodes
    • H05B7/08—Electrodes non-consumable
    • H05B7/085—Electrodes non-consumable mainly consisting of carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10C—WORKING-UP PITCH, ASPHALT, BITUMEN, TAR; PYROLIGNEOUS ACID
    • C10C1/00—Working-up tar
    • C10C1/20—Refining by chemical means inorganic or organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
    • C25C3/12—Anodes
    • C25C3/125—Anodes based on carbon

Definitions

  • This invention relates to coal purification and more particularly to a method of purifying coal for use in carbon electrodes.
  • carbon electrodes used in aluminum producing cells have been formed from petroleum coke or coke obtained from super-clean coal because such coke is relatively free of impurities thus requiring little or no purification.
  • petroleum coke or coke obtained from super-clean coal Because of the growing concern over the escalating cost and availability of petroleum coke and to reduce dependency thereon, considerable effort has been expended in acquiring alternate sources for electrode carbon. Because of its great abundancy, coal is considered to be the most logical alternative source.
  • processes for providing such coal in highly purified form suitable for carbon electrodes have been virtually non-existent or are sufficiently involved as to be uneconomical for use in the production of aluminum, for example.
  • coal such as bituminous coal for example
  • unpurified form can have an ash impurity content, including high levels of alumina, silica and iron oxide, in the neighborhood of 12%, the difficulty of meeting these stringent requirements can be readily appreciated.
  • Campbell et al disclose in their article that their most effective leaching reagent is a mixture of hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acid. They also indicate that the mineral content of lower rank coals, e.g. lignite, is reduced slightly more using a caustic leaching stage in addition to this acid mixture. Also, they indicated that the use of nitric acid provided slightly lower final ash content than this acid mixture (hydrochloric/hydrofluoric) but the nitric was considered undesirable because of its destructive action on the coking property of coal.
  • the Campbell et al article discloses that only two of the coals leached with the hydrochloric/hydrofluoric acid combination met the maximum impurity levels even when the starting ash content was not greater than 2.3%. None of the coals leached using their hydrochloric/hydrofluoric mixture met all of the preferred impurity levels.
  • the method employs the use of an oxidant in an aqueous solution of nitric and hydrofluoric acid. This method provides a purified coal with a very low ash, iron and silicon content which is highly suitable for use in carbon electrodes.
  • An object of this invention is to provide an economical method for purifying coal.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide an economical method for purifying coal char.
  • a process for providing high purity coal comprises forming an aqueous leaching solution containing nitric and hydrofluoric acid, contacting impure coal with this solution to form a slurry, and during the contacting, bubbling a gaseous oxidant therethrough to enhance leaching and to provide mixing action within the slurry. Thereafter, the acid is removed and the coal washed with water.
  • FIGURE is a flow chart illustrating a method of purifying coal in accordance with the present invention.
  • coal containing impurities to be removed is contacted with an aqueous leaching solution containing hydrofluoric acid and at least one oxidizing agent selected from the group consisting of HNO 3 , H 2 O 2 and Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 to form a slurry.
  • a gaseous oxidant such as air or oxygen can be bubbled through the slurry to provide mixing of the slurry and to provide additional oxidizing material.
  • the coal prior to subjection to the chemical treatment step, is subjected to initial beneficiation or mechanical separation such as by a flotation process or heavy media or magnetic separation such as well known to those skilled in the art to reduce the impurities in the coal down to about 5% ash content.
  • initial beneficiation or mechanical separation such as by a flotation process or heavy media or magnetic separation such as well known to those skilled in the art to reduce the impurities in the coal down to about 5% ash content.
  • a source of coal suitable for use in the present invention is anthracite, bituminous, lignite or brown coal or the like.
  • Such coal even with a high impurity level, e.g. 12% ash, offers no problems in the process of the present invention.
  • the impurities of such coal can be lowered well below the level specified hereinabove for use in electrodes.
  • such coal to be treated in accordance with this invention has a particle size not greater than 8 mesh (Tyler Series), more preferably, the size is not greater than 14 mesh (Tyler Series) and most preferably, not greater than 48 mesh (Tyler Series).
  • a preferred combination contains nitric and hydrofluoric acid.
  • the combination can contain 2 to 25 wt. % nitric acid with a preferred amount being 6 to 20 wt. %.
  • the amount of hydrofluoric acid in the combination can be 0.5 to 10 wt. % with 2 to 7 wt. % being preferred.
  • the solution can contain 2 to 25 wt. % ferric sulfate [Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ] instead of the nitric acid.
  • the leaching solution can contain 1.0 to 25.0 wt. % H 2 O 2 and 0.5 to 15.0 wt. % HF, the remainder essentially water.
  • the concentration of H 2 O 2 is 10.0 to 20.0 wt. % and HF is 3.0 to 8.0 wt. %.
  • the HNO 3 concentration can be in the range of 1.0 to 25.0 wt. %, H 2 O 2 1.0 to 25.0 wt.
  • the HNO 3 is in a range of 4.0 to 18.0 wt. %, H 2 O 2 8.0 to 18.0 wt. % and HF 2.0 to 8.0 wt. %.
  • the ratio of volume of leaching solution in milliliters to the weight of dry coal in grams should be from about 5:1 to 20:1. Preferably, this ratio should be in the range of 10:1 to 15:1 in order to have efficient leaching of impurities.
  • the time can range from 15 to 120 minutes in a temperature range of 20° to 100° C, or higher in a pressurized container.
  • the contacting period is in a range of 45 to 90 minutes at a preferred temperature in the range of 60° to 95° C.
  • the coal is separated from the leaching solution by filtering, for example, and then subjected to a water wash.
  • a water wash In view of the limitation on iron and silicon and also calcium and the like as noted hereinabove, preferably the wash water is substantially free of these materials. Thus, it can be beneficial to wash with deionized water. Also, distilled or demineralized water can be suitable. Normally, room temperature water can be used; however, water at temperatures higher than room can be more advantageous although the temperature, in most cases, need not be greater than 100° C.
  • the leached coal is normally calcined at a temperature in the range of 500° to 1300° C for a period of 1/2 to 20 hours.
  • cleaned or purified coal should be carbonized at a rate slow enough to provide dense carbon particles. Fast heating rates may promote the expansion of the coal particles making an undesirable product having lower density than that normally desirable for electrodes.
  • the coal can be subjected to the purification process of the present invention prior to carbonizing or calcining as mentioned, it is within the purview of this invention to purify a coal which has been calcined first. That is, the purification system of the present invention is suitable for removing impurities from coal which has been calcined, as noted hereinabove for example, to remove volatile matter.
  • the degree of calcining or carbonizing prior to purification by the present invention can be controlled depending largely on the amount of volatile matter to be removed. Thus, while in certain cases it may be desirable to only partially calcine the coal prior to purification, it may be completely calcined to provide a char or coke product.
  • the purified calcined coal product may be combined with a suitable binder such as pitch, which thereafter may be heated in a mold to the desired configuration.
  • the purified product of the present invention can be blended with a source of carbonaceous material having a particle size greater than that of the purified product. For example, if the purified product has a particle size not greater than 14 mesh (Tyler Series) then the carbonaceous material should have a particle size larger than 14 mesh and preferably, the particle size of such carbonaceous material is greater than 48 mesh (Tyler Series).
  • a suitable blend of materials for electrode use can have 25 to 45 wt. % carbonaceous material, e.g., petroleum coke, and 55 to 75 wt. % purified calcined coal of the invention.
  • This blend can be made into electrodes by forming a mix of the blend and pitch wherein the mix contains about 10 to 30 wt. % pitch.
  • the electrode can be formed by heating the mix in a suitable mold and thereafter conditioned for use by heating in a ring furnace, for example.
  • air was bubbled through the slurry.
  • the leached coal was filtered, washed with room temperature deionized water and dried.
  • the resultant purified coal was analyzed for mineral content and found to have 0.012 wt. % iron, 0.002 wt.
  • a sample of Indiana No. 6 coal was previously beneficiated to an impurity level of 2.6 wt. % ash and then treated as in Example 1 except the leaching solution contained 18 wt. % hydrogen peroxide and 6 wt. % hydrofluoric acid, the remainder deionized water.
  • the resultant purified coal was analyzed for mineral content and found to have 0.017 wt. % iron and 0.004 wt. % silicon.
  • the ash content of the coal was found to be 0.22 wt. %.
  • one of the most effective leaching solutions contains the combination of nitric and hydrofluoric acid. Also, it can be seen that hydrogen peroxide and hydrofluoric acid provide efficient leaching of impurities and that mixing with oxygen, air and nitrogen is effective in further lowering the impurity levels.
  • purified coal of the invention can find use in the electric arc furnace electrodes for the production of steel. Also, because of the high level of purify obtained, purified coal of the present invention can be used for most applications where petroleum derived coke, carbon and graphite are normally used. Other uses will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
US05/660,704 1976-02-23 1976-02-23 Coal purification and electrode formation Expired - Lifetime US4083940A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/660,704 US4083940A (en) 1976-02-23 1976-02-23 Coal purification and electrode formation
CA265,057A CA1081150A (fr) 1976-02-23 1976-11-05 Purification du charbon
FR7702735A FR2343060A1 (fr) 1976-02-23 1977-02-01 Purification de la houille
GB4248/77A GB1568453A (en) 1976-02-23 1977-02-02 Coal purification
DE2706536A DE2706536C3 (de) 1976-02-23 1977-02-14 Verfahren zur Entfernung von Verunreinigungen aus Kohle und Verwendung der gereinigten Kohle zur Herstellung von Kohleelektroden
PL1977196094A PL115877B1 (en) 1976-02-23 1977-02-18 Process for elimination of impurities from the coal

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/660,704 US4083940A (en) 1976-02-23 1976-02-23 Coal purification and electrode formation

Publications (1)

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US4083940A true US4083940A (en) 1978-04-11

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US05/660,704 Expired - Lifetime US4083940A (en) 1976-02-23 1976-02-23 Coal purification and electrode formation

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US (1) US4083940A (fr)
CA (1) CA1081150A (fr)
DE (1) DE2706536C3 (fr)
FR (1) FR2343060A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1568453A (fr)
PL (1) PL115877B1 (fr)

Cited By (35)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4169710A (en) * 1978-03-29 1979-10-02 Chevron Research Company Process for comminuting and reducing the sulfur and ash content of coal
US4297108A (en) * 1978-05-10 1981-10-27 Polymer Research Corp. Of America Desulfurization of coal
US4328002A (en) * 1981-06-15 1982-05-04 Robert Bender Methods of treating coal to remove sulfur and ash
US4329156A (en) * 1978-08-02 1982-05-11 Othmer Donald F Desulfurization of coal
US4408999A (en) * 1981-05-11 1983-10-11 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. Coal and oil shale beneficiation process
DE3215981A1 (de) * 1982-04-29 1983-11-03 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Verfahren zum herstellen hochreiner ausgangsmaterialien fuer die fertigung von silizium fuer solarzellen nach dem carbothermischen reduktionsverfahren
WO1983004189A1 (fr) * 1982-05-27 1983-12-08 Otisca Industries, Ltd. Procedes de traitement du charbon
US4468231A (en) * 1982-05-03 1984-08-28 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. Cation ion exchange of coal
US4618346A (en) * 1984-09-26 1986-10-21 Resource Engineering Incorporated Deashing process for coal
US4695290A (en) * 1983-07-26 1987-09-22 Integrated Carbons Corporation Integrated coal cleaning process with mixed acid regeneration
US4702749A (en) * 1986-06-24 1987-10-27 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Technique for surface oxidation of activated carbon
US4741741A (en) * 1986-10-17 1988-05-03 The Standard Oil Company Chemical beneficiation of coal
US4743271A (en) * 1983-02-17 1988-05-10 Williams Technologies, Inc. Process for producing a clean hydrocarbon fuel
US4753033A (en) * 1985-03-24 1988-06-28 Williams Technologies, Inc. Process for producing a clean hydrocarbon fuel from high calcium coal
US4780112A (en) * 1985-02-19 1988-10-25 Oabrand Pty. Limited Method for the continuous chemical reduction and removal of mineral matter contained in carbon structures
US4804390A (en) * 1983-07-29 1989-02-14 Robert Lloyd Process for removing mineral impurities from coals and oil shales
WO1998001517A1 (fr) * 1996-07-08 1998-01-15 Hazen Research, Inc. Procede de reduction de la deterioration oxydative de materiaux en vrac
WO1999032586A1 (fr) * 1997-12-22 1999-07-01 Hazen Research, Inc. Procede pour reduire la deterioration due a l'oxydation de materiaux en vrac
US6231627B1 (en) 1996-07-08 2001-05-15 Hazen Research, Inc. Method to reduce oxidative deterioration of bulk materials
US6422494B1 (en) 2000-02-03 2002-07-23 Hazen Research, Inc. Methods of controlling the density and thermal properties of bulk materials
US6786941B2 (en) 2000-06-30 2004-09-07 Hazen Research, Inc. Methods of controlling the density and thermal properties of bulk materials
US20090175779A1 (en) * 2008-01-08 2009-07-09 Harris Randall J System and Method for Activating Carbonaceous Material
US20090176130A1 (en) * 2008-01-08 2009-07-09 Carbonxt Group Limited System and method for making carbon foam anodes
US20090172998A1 (en) * 2008-01-08 2009-07-09 Carbonxt Group Limited System and method for refining carbonaceous material
US20090175780A1 (en) * 2008-01-08 2009-07-09 Carbonxt Group Limited System and method for making low volatile carboneaceous matter with supercritical CO2
US20090263311A1 (en) * 2008-04-17 2009-10-22 Lee Chang H Method of removing impurities from solids
US20100287827A1 (en) * 2009-05-13 2010-11-18 Chandrashekhar Sonwane Process for obtaining treated coal and silica from coal containing fly ash
US20110031174A1 (en) * 2009-08-09 2011-02-10 Kun-Yu Liang Floor water tank filtering device for three-in-one sewers
US20110030593A1 (en) * 2009-08-10 2011-02-10 General Electric Company Method for desulfurizing a fluid and methods for operating a coal combustion system
US20110030271A1 (en) * 2009-08-10 2011-02-10 General Electric Company Method for removing impurities from coal in a reaction chamber
US20110030270A1 (en) * 2009-08-10 2011-02-10 General Electric Company Methods for removing impurities from coal including neutralization of a leaching solution
US20110078948A1 (en) * 2009-10-01 2011-04-07 Chandrashekhar Ganpatrao Sonwane Ash removal from coal: process to avoid large quantities of hydrogen fluoride on-site
US20110138687A1 (en) * 2008-09-03 2011-06-16 Tata Steel Limited Beneficiation Process to Produce Low Ash Clean Coal from High Ash Coals
WO2020131928A1 (fr) * 2018-12-17 2020-06-25 Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. Procédé mono-tope pour la synthèse de graphène et de dérivés de graphène à partir du charbon
WO2023150366A1 (fr) * 2022-02-07 2023-08-10 Form Energy, Inc. Procédés de purification de matériaux contenant du fer

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1489830A (en) * 1922-10-17 1924-04-08 Illingworth Carbonization Co Manufacture of electrodes
US1840491A (en) * 1929-11-23 1932-01-12 Siemens Planiawerke Ag Process of manufacturing carbon electrodes for electric furnaces
US3279935A (en) * 1963-06-11 1966-10-18 Ashland Oil Refining Company Oxidation of carbon black
US3393978A (en) * 1965-04-02 1968-07-23 Carbon Company Deashing of carbonaceous material
US3501272A (en) * 1966-02-28 1970-03-17 Standard Oil Co Carbon purification process

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1489830A (en) * 1922-10-17 1924-04-08 Illingworth Carbonization Co Manufacture of electrodes
US1840491A (en) * 1929-11-23 1932-01-12 Siemens Planiawerke Ag Process of manufacturing carbon electrodes for electric furnaces
US3279935A (en) * 1963-06-11 1966-10-18 Ashland Oil Refining Company Oxidation of carbon black
US3393978A (en) * 1965-04-02 1968-07-23 Carbon Company Deashing of carbonaceous material
US3501272A (en) * 1966-02-28 1970-03-17 Standard Oil Co Carbon purification process

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Coal as a Source of Electrode Carbon in Aluminum Production, Bureau of Mines Report of Investigations, pp. 7, 8, and 1-6. *

Cited By (47)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4169710A (en) * 1978-03-29 1979-10-02 Chevron Research Company Process for comminuting and reducing the sulfur and ash content of coal
US4297108A (en) * 1978-05-10 1981-10-27 Polymer Research Corp. Of America Desulfurization of coal
US4329156A (en) * 1978-08-02 1982-05-11 Othmer Donald F Desulfurization of coal
US4408999A (en) * 1981-05-11 1983-10-11 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. Coal and oil shale beneficiation process
US4328002A (en) * 1981-06-15 1982-05-04 Robert Bender Methods of treating coal to remove sulfur and ash
DE3215981A1 (de) * 1982-04-29 1983-11-03 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Verfahren zum herstellen hochreiner ausgangsmaterialien fuer die fertigung von silizium fuer solarzellen nach dem carbothermischen reduktionsverfahren
US4468231A (en) * 1982-05-03 1984-08-28 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. Cation ion exchange of coal
US4484928A (en) * 1982-05-27 1984-11-27 Otisca Industries, Inc. Methods for processing coal
WO1983004189A1 (fr) * 1982-05-27 1983-12-08 Otisca Industries, Ltd. Procedes de traitement du charbon
US4743271A (en) * 1983-02-17 1988-05-10 Williams Technologies, Inc. Process for producing a clean hydrocarbon fuel
US4695290A (en) * 1983-07-26 1987-09-22 Integrated Carbons Corporation Integrated coal cleaning process with mixed acid regeneration
US4804390A (en) * 1983-07-29 1989-02-14 Robert Lloyd Process for removing mineral impurities from coals and oil shales
US4618346A (en) * 1984-09-26 1986-10-21 Resource Engineering Incorporated Deashing process for coal
US4780112A (en) * 1985-02-19 1988-10-25 Oabrand Pty. Limited Method for the continuous chemical reduction and removal of mineral matter contained in carbon structures
US4753033A (en) * 1985-03-24 1988-06-28 Williams Technologies, Inc. Process for producing a clean hydrocarbon fuel from high calcium coal
WO1989002416A1 (fr) * 1985-06-24 1989-03-23 Williams Technologies, Inc. Procede de nettoyage de charbon integre avec regeneration d'acides melanges
US4702749A (en) * 1986-06-24 1987-10-27 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Technique for surface oxidation of activated carbon
US4741741A (en) * 1986-10-17 1988-05-03 The Standard Oil Company Chemical beneficiation of coal
US6231627B1 (en) 1996-07-08 2001-05-15 Hazen Research, Inc. Method to reduce oxidative deterioration of bulk materials
US5725613A (en) * 1996-07-08 1998-03-10 Hazen Research, Inc Method to reduce oxidative deterioration of bulk materials
US5919277A (en) * 1996-07-08 1999-07-06 Hazen Research, Inc. Method to reduce oxidative deterioration of bulk materials
WO1998001517A1 (fr) * 1996-07-08 1998-01-15 Hazen Research, Inc. Procede de reduction de la deterioration oxydative de materiaux en vrac
WO1999032586A1 (fr) * 1997-12-22 1999-07-01 Hazen Research, Inc. Procede pour reduire la deterioration due a l'oxydation de materiaux en vrac
US6422494B1 (en) 2000-02-03 2002-07-23 Hazen Research, Inc. Methods of controlling the density and thermal properties of bulk materials
US6786941B2 (en) 2000-06-30 2004-09-07 Hazen Research, Inc. Methods of controlling the density and thermal properties of bulk materials
US20090172998A1 (en) * 2008-01-08 2009-07-09 Carbonxt Group Limited System and method for refining carbonaceous material
US20090176130A1 (en) * 2008-01-08 2009-07-09 Carbonxt Group Limited System and method for making carbon foam anodes
US20090175780A1 (en) * 2008-01-08 2009-07-09 Carbonxt Group Limited System and method for making low volatile carboneaceous matter with supercritical CO2
US8691166B2 (en) 2008-01-08 2014-04-08 Carbonxt Group Limited System and method for activating carbonaceous material
US20090175779A1 (en) * 2008-01-08 2009-07-09 Harris Randall J System and Method for Activating Carbonaceous Material
US8628707B2 (en) * 2008-01-08 2014-01-14 Carbonxt Group Limited System and method for making carbon foam anodes
US8617492B2 (en) 2008-01-08 2013-12-31 Carbonxt Group Limited System and method for making low volatile carboneaceous matter with supercritical CO2
US20110085962A1 (en) * 2008-01-08 2011-04-14 Carbonxt Group Limited System and method for making low volatile carbonaceous matter with supercritical co2
US20090263311A1 (en) * 2008-04-17 2009-10-22 Lee Chang H Method of removing impurities from solids
US20110138687A1 (en) * 2008-09-03 2011-06-16 Tata Steel Limited Beneficiation Process to Produce Low Ash Clean Coal from High Ash Coals
US8647400B2 (en) 2008-09-03 2014-02-11 Tata Steel Limited Beneficiation process to produce low ash clean coal from high ash coals
US20100287827A1 (en) * 2009-05-13 2010-11-18 Chandrashekhar Sonwane Process for obtaining treated coal and silica from coal containing fly ash
US20110031174A1 (en) * 2009-08-09 2011-02-10 Kun-Yu Liang Floor water tank filtering device for three-in-one sewers
US20110030271A1 (en) * 2009-08-10 2011-02-10 General Electric Company Method for removing impurities from coal in a reaction chamber
CN101993754A (zh) * 2009-08-10 2011-03-30 通用电气公司 在反应室中从煤去除杂质的方法
US20110030270A1 (en) * 2009-08-10 2011-02-10 General Electric Company Methods for removing impurities from coal including neutralization of a leaching solution
US20110030593A1 (en) * 2009-08-10 2011-02-10 General Electric Company Method for desulfurizing a fluid and methods for operating a coal combustion system
CN102031177A (zh) * 2009-10-01 2011-04-27 通用电气公司 从煤加工中除灰以避免现场的大量氟化氢
DE102010037607A1 (de) 2009-10-01 2011-08-25 General Electric Company, N.Y. Behandlung zur Entfernung von Asche aus Kohle unter Vermeidung großer Mengen von Fluorwasserstoff an Ort und Stelle
US20110078948A1 (en) * 2009-10-01 2011-04-07 Chandrashekhar Ganpatrao Sonwane Ash removal from coal: process to avoid large quantities of hydrogen fluoride on-site
WO2020131928A1 (fr) * 2018-12-17 2020-06-25 Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. Procédé mono-tope pour la synthèse de graphène et de dérivés de graphène à partir du charbon
WO2023150366A1 (fr) * 2022-02-07 2023-08-10 Form Energy, Inc. Procédés de purification de matériaux contenant du fer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1568453A (en) 1980-05-29
FR2343060B1 (fr) 1980-02-01
CA1081150A (fr) 1980-07-08
DE2706536A1 (de) 1977-08-25
DE2706536B2 (de) 1980-05-14
DE2706536C3 (de) 1981-01-22
FR2343060A1 (fr) 1977-09-30
PL115877B1 (en) 1981-05-30

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