US393409A - oooooo o oooooo - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

P. WILD.

FURNACE.

N0. 393 409. Patented Nov. 27, 1888.

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WITNESSES.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

P. WILD.

FURNACE.

No. 393,409. Patented Nov. 27, 1888.

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BY I

ATTORNEY WITNESSES.

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UNITED rATEs PATENT rates,

FRED \VILD, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Fatent No. 393,409, dated November 27, 1888.

Application filed July 9, 1888.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRED WILD, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Denver, in the county of Arapahoe and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces for Boilers, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to an improved con struction ofboiler-furnaces; and itsobjects are to so arrange and construct the furnace as to insure the delivery back of the lire-box proper of a sufficient and regulable quantity of air to effect the complete oxidation and combustion of such carbonaceous matter as may have escaped from the firebox or combustion-chamber proper without being properly oxidized for combustion, in order that the smoke otherwise escaping may be largely, if not entirely, consumedwithin the furnace, the heat of its carbon utilized and the waste of fuel avoided, means simple in construction, easily applied and arranged, and reliable in operation; to which ends it consists in the features, combinations, and arrangements more particularly hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings is illustrated an embodiment of my invention, in which drawings- Figure 1 is a side view of a furnace with such improvements added thereto, part of the side wall being removed; Fig. 2, a transverse vertical section thereof on line 00 00, Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a plan View of the bridge-plate; Fig. 4, a plan view of the under side of the air-distributer; Fig. 5, a plan view of the air-inlet-regulating apparatus; Fig. 6, an end view thereof.

In these figures the reference-numerals l 1 indicate the walls of the furnace, within which is the fire-box or combustion-chamber 2 in the grate 3, constructed in the usual manner or in any preferred manner.

At the rear of the fire-box or combustionchamber 3 is the bridge 4,extending up from a foundation to within a suitable distance of the boiler. This bridge 4 is constructed with the hollow or chamber 5 extending across within the bridge the width of the fire-box 2. It may be provided at one end with the door 18, so that its interior may be reached for the purpose of cleaning. The top of this chamber Serial No. 279,466. (No model.)

around, is a short line or passage, 9, closed at its tops, but communicating on either side with horizontally-extending dues or passages 1O 1O, closed at their ends, but each having a number of apertures, 11 11, on their under sides. The flue or passage 9 and these wings or extensions having the flues or passages 10 10 should be made of fire-clay or other suitable refractory material to enable them to with stand the heat; or, if not made themselves of 0 such refractory material, they should be coated with a good refractory cement or fettle.

The wings 10 are preferably somewhat curved, as shown, and theirouter ends may be supported in the walls 1, or by brackets projecting therefrom, or by supports rising from the base or from the top of the bridge, and they should be so arranged relatively tothe bottom of the boiler 21 that all the products of combustion from the fire-box 2 shall pass through the passages 20 left between the top of the bridge 4 and the bottom of the wingpassages 10 10.

Contiguous to the stack or chimney 22 is arranged a chamber, 12, the inlet to which is through the register or valved opening 13. From it a passage, 14, leads downward into a chamber, 15, whence a passage, 16, leads upwardly a sufficient distance, then uniting with a second downward passage, 17, which at its lower end has an outlet into the chamber 5 within the bridge. These passages from the first chamber 12 to the chamber 5 may be formed as flues directly within and of the material of the walls, or they may be pipes embedded therein or pipes supported thereby or supported independently thereof, and there may be a set thereof on either side of the furnace; or only a single set may be used. Thus arranged a large supply of air is constantly passing through 12, (so long as its register or Valve 13 is open,) thence cia14,16,

and 17 to the chamber 5, whenceit issues both above and below the products of combustion, passing over the bridge through the passages 20 above by the apertures 11, and below by the apertures 7. The proper amount of oxygen is thus supplied to the products of combustion and at the point and while they are at an exceedingly high temperature, to insure their proper oxidation and combustion. If the passages be built within the walls of the furnace or within the furnace, the air supplying this oxygen is delivered to the products in a highly-heated state, so that all the conditions for perfect combustion and for the prevention of smoke are present.

There is danger, usually, with hot-air passages that somcsoot, dust, ashes, (110., may find passage thcreinto, either from the inlets or outlets thereof, or through cracks in the walls of the passages or ilues, and this to such an extent as to materially impair the usefulness thereof, especially if more straight or hori zontal passages be provided in which such foreign matters may accumulate. Danger therefrom, however, is prevented in this invention by the peculiar arrangement of the air-passages. As they return upon each other,somewhat after the style ofan ordinary S drain-trap, they do form a trap for foreign matters in the chamber 15, any foreign matters getting access into the lines or passages lodging therein, whence they may readily be removed through the door or opening thereof. Moreover, from the peculiar shape of the wings or fluepas sages 1O 10, they being curved or arched, as shown, if any cracks should appear therein, the arched form would cause the edges ofsuch cracks to be pressed firmly together, preventing largely, if not entirely, the ingress therein of foreign matters and the egress of the air.

It is known that air expands largely as it is heated, and that, as a consequence, the higher it is heated the less the amount (by weight) that passes through a flue of a given area in cross-section; hence as the fines and the air therein become warmer and warmer the less the amount of air (by weight) that is supplied by the dues at the bridge. As a matter of fact, however, the greater amount (by weight) should then be supplied, for the fiercer and hotter the fire the greater the quantity of products needing oxygenation. If then the inlet to the dues or air-passages be proportioned to invariably supply the greatest amount needed, which is when the combustion or fire in the fire-box is at its attainable maximum, too great a volume will be supplied when the fire is comparatively low-as, for instance, when just started-and this volumcwill be deliveredat the bridge in a cool or comparatively cool condition, and not in a proper condition for thorough union with and desired effect on such products; hence at such times there would be created the very thing intended to be avoided--viz., a volume of unconsumed products forming smoke. Therefore in this invention thermostatic devices are also air-- ranged and connected with the inlet-valve, register, or damper 13, to open the latter the wider as the heat increases, or vice versa, so regulating the area of the inlet according to the demands thereon. This may be done by arranging a tube or pipe, 23, within the stack 22, such tube containing mercury or other suitable thermostatic fluid to be acted on by the heat of the products passing through the stack. Such tube passes around the entire or almost entire inner periphery of the stack, and thence passes out of the stack and is bent to form an almost entire circle, 30, or is attached to a tube so formed, after the fashion of the well-known steam-gage, its outer closed end being at 25.

An arm or red, 27, is pivoted or secured at one end to the closed end 25 of the curved tube 30, while its other end is pivoted to a pinion-wheel or to a scg ment thereof, or curved rack 28, whose teeth mesh with those of a pinion, 29, upon or connected to the spindle or rod 26 of the valve, register, or damper 13, journaled in any suitable manner, it being herein shown asjournaled near its outer end in a support, 3 in the chamber 12, and also in the walls of the stack 22, and so arranged that when they are in normal condition and the furnace cool the valve or register is closed. As the furnace becomes heated, the stack becomes correspondingly hcated by the passage therethrough of the products of combustion, causing expansion of mercury, and consequent pressure upon theinterior of the tube 30. In accordance with the known law that a curved tube tends to straighten itself under internal pressure, the tube 30 tends to straighten itself, the movement to whichend being of course at the free end 25. Such movement is in accordance with the heating of the mercury in the tube, and is communicated proportionately to the valve or register by means of the arm 27 and gearing 28 29. Thus as the fire in creases in the fire box and more air is needed for the products of combustion the inlet is opened proportionately.

To aid in the combustion and conversion of the products of combustion, a jet or quantity of steam may also be admitted to the chamber 5 in the bridge 4, to issue thence with the air. To this end a pipe, 31, leads from any convenient part of the boiler 21 to the chamber, being so arranged that a valve, 32, therein may be connected,either by the arm or red 27 or by an extension thereof, or by an independent rod, to the end 25 of the thermostat 23, and so that it is opened by the movement of the latter under internal pressure, so that when the furnace is very hot steam may be admitted thereinto, but when the heat is low thatthe steam shall be cut oil by the closing of the valve 32.

exits at the bridge to give sufficient space for the constantly-increasing volume of the air as it becomes more and more heated.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. A boilerfurnace having a hollow bridge, air-passages starting from about the top of the front of the boiler and leading in the shape of an inverted N to the bridge, a hollow post or pillar centrally located on and communicating with the interior of the bridge, and air flues or passages located above the bridge and below the boiler, perforated on their under sides and centrally supportedbythe hollow post or pillar, substantially as set forth.

2. A boiler-furnace having a hollow bridge, an air passage or flue starting from about the top of the boiler and leading into the bridge, a valve, register, or damper therefor, a thermostatic tube or device within the stack and around near the inside of the wall thereof and connected on the outside of the stack to a tube bent in circular or partly hoop form, and a mechanical connection from such latter circular bent tube to the valve, damper, or register, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of a hollowbridge having apertures to permit the escape of air or steam therefrom into the furnace, a'steam-pipe leading thereinto from the boiler, a valve in such pipe, a thermostaticdevice in the stack or chimney, and a connection therefrom to the steam-valve, substantially as set forth.

t. The combination of a hollow bridge perforated and provided with means permitting the escape of air or steam therefrom, airflues starting from near the top of the front of the boiler and leading in inverted-N shape thereinto, a valve, register, or damper at the inlet of such flues, a thermostatic device in the stack, and a connection therefrom to the valve, register, or damper, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of a hollow bridge provided with means permitting the escape of air and steam therefrom into the furnace, airflues leading thereinto, a valve controlling the passage of air therethrough, a pipe leading from the boiler into the hollow bridge, a valve in such pipe, a thermostatic device in the stack, and connections therefrom to both valves, substantially as set forth.

6. A boiler-furnace having a hollow bridge, permitting the escape of air therefrom into the furnace, and air dues or passages for supplying air thereto arranged in a zigzag or trap fashion and gradually increasing in the area of cross-seetion from inlet to outlet, substantially as set forth.

7. A boiler-furnace having a hollow bridge, air passages or flues leading thereinto, a valve, register, or damper controlling the inlet to the passages or fines, a thermostatic tube lo FRED \VI lil).

\Vitnesses:

Z. F. VVILBER, B. L. PoLLooK.

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