US3929100A - Artificial underwater habitats - Google Patents

Artificial underwater habitats Download PDF

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Publication number
US3929100A
US3929100A US479772A US47977274A US3929100A US 3929100 A US3929100 A US 3929100A US 479772 A US479772 A US 479772A US 47977274 A US47977274 A US 47977274A US 3929100 A US3929100 A US 3929100A
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United States
Prior art keywords
elements
habitat
structures
tubular elements
length
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US479772A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jean-Claude Thomas
Pierre Raoul
Claude Ledoux
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Rhone Progil SA
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Rhone Progil SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Rhone Progil SA filed Critical Rhone Progil SA
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/70—Artificial fishing banks or reefs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Definitions

  • the present invention relates "to artificial habitats intended for the rearing or ranching o f crustacea, gen ⁇ erally on seabeds, and for protecting themagainst 'pre d ators and also to a method ofpreparingsu'ch habitats?
  • Said habitats are constituted of a plurality of structures, which will be designated as structures A, formed of prismatic members wound into helical turns, and made of erosion-resistant and corrosion-resistant thermoplastics materials, having a density of from 1.2 to 2.
  • the arrangement upon seabeds of said A structures may vary depending upon the equatie species for which they are intended.
  • crustacea for example lobsters
  • a random stacking is recommended in order to provide a protection for the crustacea against predators, in particular conger eels.
  • artificial underwater habitats comprising a plurality of structures of thermoplastics material having a density of from 1.2 to 2, the structures comprising tubular elements, which are partially flattened at a point along their length, while allowing substantially free circulation of water inside the tubular elements.
  • the preferred values of the dimensional parameters which characterize these structures depend upon the state of development of the crustacea. There are favorable dimensions of the habitat corresponding to each stage of development. It is therefore especially advantageous to deposit, on the same site, structures of differing dimensions in order that the crustacea shall always be able to find habitats adapted to their size.
  • the diameter D is from to 150 mm, the thickness E from 1.5 to 10 mm and the length L from 100 to 750 mm in the case where the tubular element forms a single habitat and from 200 to 1500 mm in the case where the tubular element forms a double habitat.
  • a random distribution of the structures according to the invention, optionally associated with A structures, is recommended.
  • the preparation of the tubular elements forming the B structures of the present invention may be carried out starting from a prismatic member produced by extrusion through a die of molten composition comprising at least one thermoplastics material and optionally a filler. Fly ash, such as that generated in municipal incinerators or thermal power stations may be used as filler. As it issues from the die, the prismatic member may be cut at regular intervals, and then each element obtained is locally and partially flattened so as to permit the free circulation of the water inside the tubular element.
  • thermoplastiematerial which, with or without fillers, is capable of producing prismatic members having a density of from 1.2 to 2, and notably polymeric or copolymeric compositions based upon vinyl chloride,
  • An important economic advantage of the invention resides in the possibility and theadvantage of preparing the prismatic members from plastics waste materials, and especially fromindustrial waste.
  • the exploitation of the inventionthus contributes bothto the disposal and. to the utilization of plastics, waste. Before being used in this way, the waste may, if necessary, be washed in water, crushed and then dried.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional elevational view showing one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a view similar to that of FIG. 1 showing another embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an arrangement of elements of FIG. 2 in forming a habitat.
  • the material is extruded at 180C in a rotating plate extruder fitted with two plates of 180 mm diameter separated by a gap of 12 mm and with a tubular die.
  • the speed of the revolving plate is 130 rpm. and the output rate is 120 kg/hour.
  • the tubular prismatic member obtained having an internal diameter of mm and a thickness of 5 mm, is cut into elements 10 of 400 mm length, and are partially flattened at one of their ends 12.
  • the structures thus obtained, when distributed on a seabed l4, constitute an artificial habitat suitable for the rearing of crustacea, such as lobsters, and for protecting them against predators.
  • Example 2 The procedure of Example 1 is followed, but the tubular prismatic member obtained is cut into elements 20, 800 mm in length, which are partially flattened in the middle 22.
  • the structures obtained in this way when distributed on a seabed 24, constitute an artificial habitat suitable for the rearing of crustacea, such as lobsters and for protecting them against predators.
  • An artificial underwater habitat for crustacea comprising a plurality of unenclosed structures of thermoplastics material having a density of from 1.2 to 2 resting on the sea bed, the structures comprising relatively straight open ended tubular elements, which are partially flattened at a point along their length while allowing substantially free circulation of water inside the tubular elements.
  • a habitat according to claim 1 in which the internal diameter of the tubular elements is from 20 to 150 mm, the thickness of the wall of the elements is from 1.5 to 10 mm, the length of the elements is from to 750 mm and the elements are partially flattened at one end.
  • a habitat according to claim I in which the internal diameter of the tubular elements is from 20 to I50 mm, the thickness of the wall of the elements is from L5 to 10 mm, the length of the elements is from 200 to 1500 mm and the elements are partially flattened at a point half-way along their length.
  • thermoplastics material comprises waste material.
  • a method of making an artificial habitat for crustacea which comprises depositing on the seabed a plurality of structures of thermoplastics material having a density from 1.2 to 2, the structures comprising relatively straight open ended tubular elements which are partially flattened at a point along their length while allowing free circulation of water inside the tubular elements.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
US479772A 1973-06-22 1974-06-17 Artificial underwater habitats Expired - Lifetime US3929100A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7322836A FR2233933B1 (ja) 1973-06-22 1973-06-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3929100A true US3929100A (en) 1975-12-30

Family

ID=9121401

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US479772A Expired - Lifetime US3929100A (en) 1973-06-22 1974-06-17 Artificial underwater habitats

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3929100A (ja)
JP (1) JPS5145504B2 (ja)
AU (1) AU7036774A (ja)
BE (1) BE816617A (ja)
BR (1) BR7405052D0 (ja)
CA (1) CA992816A (ja)
ES (1) ES427444A1 (ja)
FR (1) FR2233933B1 (ja)
GB (1) GB1431635A (ja)
IL (1) IL45080A (ja)
NL (1) NL7408283A (ja)
ZA (1) ZA744003B (ja)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4212268A (en) * 1978-06-26 1980-07-15 Sanders Associates, Inc. Aquaculture habitat
US4475480A (en) * 1983-01-07 1984-10-09 Bodker Jr James E Method and apparatus for raising softshell crawfish
US4489673A (en) * 1981-09-09 1984-12-25 Henn Pohlhausen Equipment for the raising of eels, crayfish and other bottom-living marine organisms
US4913094A (en) * 1988-08-08 1990-04-03 Jones Barton G Artificial reef system
US4998505A (en) * 1988-09-29 1991-03-12 Jordan Fred P Salmonid egg incubator
US5628280A (en) * 1993-11-18 1997-05-13 Ericsson; John D. Oyster cleansing/purification array
CN100401881C (zh) * 2005-11-18 2008-07-16 曲维功 一种注水软式人工渔礁
US20110067642A1 (en) * 2009-09-24 2011-03-24 Ewald David W Artificial fish habitat employing fish hiding units
DE102010049049B3 (de) * 2010-10-18 2012-03-01 Stiftung Alfred-Wegener-Institut Für Polar- Und Meeresforschung Künstliches Habitat in Polyederform für Krebstiere auf marinen Weichböden und Anwendung
CN105660491A (zh) * 2016-03-24 2016-06-15 浙江大学 人工下降流装置

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5516803Y2 (ja) * 1973-11-27 1980-04-19
FR2523614A1 (fr) * 1982-03-19 1983-09-23 Streichenberger Antonius Procede d'edification de structures sous-marines en treillis et elements pour sa mise en oeuvre

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3658034A (en) * 1969-12-24 1972-04-25 Ocean Protein Corp Growing tank for crustaceans

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1449905A (fr) * 1965-07-09 1966-05-06 Generale Alimentaire Sa Collecteur ostréicole
GB1217922A (en) * 1967-11-25 1971-01-06 Asahi Chemical Ind Artificial reefs for fishes
FR2028048A1 (en) * 1969-01-16 1970-10-09 Dev Polyolefin Support bed for oyster larvae

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3658034A (en) * 1969-12-24 1972-04-25 Ocean Protein Corp Growing tank for crustaceans

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4212268A (en) * 1978-06-26 1980-07-15 Sanders Associates, Inc. Aquaculture habitat
US4489673A (en) * 1981-09-09 1984-12-25 Henn Pohlhausen Equipment for the raising of eels, crayfish and other bottom-living marine organisms
US4475480A (en) * 1983-01-07 1984-10-09 Bodker Jr James E Method and apparatus for raising softshell crawfish
US4913094A (en) * 1988-08-08 1990-04-03 Jones Barton G Artificial reef system
US4998505A (en) * 1988-09-29 1991-03-12 Jordan Fred P Salmonid egg incubator
US5628280A (en) * 1993-11-18 1997-05-13 Ericsson; John D. Oyster cleansing/purification array
CN100401881C (zh) * 2005-11-18 2008-07-16 曲维功 一种注水软式人工渔礁
US20110067642A1 (en) * 2009-09-24 2011-03-24 Ewald David W Artificial fish habitat employing fish hiding units
US8640651B2 (en) 2009-09-24 2014-02-04 David W. Ewald Artificial fish habitat employing fish hiding units
DE102010049049B3 (de) * 2010-10-18 2012-03-01 Stiftung Alfred-Wegener-Institut Für Polar- Und Meeresforschung Künstliches Habitat in Polyederform für Krebstiere auf marinen Weichböden und Anwendung
WO2012051984A2 (de) 2010-10-18 2012-04-26 Stiftung Alfred-Wegener-Institut Für Polar- Und Meeresforschung Künstliches habitat in polyederform für krebstiere und anwendung
CN105660491A (zh) * 2016-03-24 2016-06-15 浙江大学 人工下降流装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2233933B1 (ja) 1977-11-10
NL7408283A (ja) 1974-12-24
FR2233933A1 (ja) 1975-01-17
JPS5145504B2 (ja) 1976-12-03
ZA744003B (en) 1975-06-25
IL45080A (en) 1976-05-31
CA992816A (en) 1976-07-13
ES427444A1 (es) 1976-07-16
IL45080A0 (en) 1974-09-10
BE816617A (fr) 1974-12-20
GB1431635A (en) 1976-04-14
AU7036774A (en) 1976-01-08
JPS5029397A (ja) 1975-03-25
BR7405052D0 (pt) 1975-01-07

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