US3926827A - Method for making detergent compositions - Google Patents

Method for making detergent compositions Download PDF

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Publication number
US3926827A
US3926827A US346067A US34606773A US3926827A US 3926827 A US3926827 A US 3926827A US 346067 A US346067 A US 346067A US 34606773 A US34606773 A US 34606773A US 3926827 A US3926827 A US 3926827A
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Prior art keywords
paste
parts
sodium
water
tub
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US346067A
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English (en)
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John Kilolo Mangeli
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Colgate Palmolive Co
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Colgate Palmolive Co
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Priority to US346067A priority Critical patent/US3926827A/en
Priority to ZA00740927A priority patent/ZA74927B/xx
Priority to MW4/74A priority patent/MW474A1/xx
Priority to ZM38/74A priority patent/ZM3874A1/xx
Priority to GB1313074A priority patent/GB1460335A/en
Priority to OA55157A priority patent/OA04627A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3926827A publication Critical patent/US3926827A/en
Priority to KE2874A priority patent/KE2874A/xx
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
    • C11D11/0082—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents one or more of the detergent ingredients being in a liquefied state, e.g. slurry, paste or melt, and the process resulting in solid detergent particles such as granules, powders or beads
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/06—Powder; Flakes; Free-flowing mixtures; Sheets

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT [52] US. Cl. 252/99; 252/135; 252/539; [5H I t C12 Cm) 1m Cl m m fg ,3; $325113.99 $1361? 'vliii irgini fiii liii E21 [58] i 's 252/99 5 539 540 drotrope, hydratable salts, inorganic salt filler and an oxygen-liberating percompound are mixed and oxygen is liberated to expand said paste wherein the hydra- [56] References Cned table salt is added prior to the addition of the filler.
  • This invention relates to an improvement in a process of making detergent compositions in the form of particles having low bulk density.
  • a detergent composition comprising solid particles having an apparent density of less than 0.45 gram per cubic centimeter wherein the particles are in the form of irregularly shaped spongeous coherent aggregates having a peck marked outer surface by mixing water, organic detergent, inorganic salt, hydrotrope and filler to form a slurry to which hydratable salt is then added, followed by the addition of an oxygenliberating per-compound.
  • this paste was thereafter immediately mixed very briefly and then permitted to stand quiescently at room temperature. During this period the composition expanded due to the evolution of oxygen. Subsequently the product was decomposed into granules which, if necessary, might be dried to improve the caking and flow characteristics of the composition.
  • a process for the preparation of a particulate detergent composition wherein water, organic detergent, hydrotrope, hydratable salt, inorganic salt filler and an aqueous solution of an oxygen-liberating per-compound are mixed to form a paste capable of retaining small oxygen bubbles without substantial coalescence thereof, liberating oxygen from said per-compound into said paste in an amount sufficient to bleach said paste and to expand said paste to a final volume at least two times the initial volume thereof, setting the expanded paste under quiescent conditions to a friable mass of substantially said final volume, and granulating said friable mass to form particles of a bleached detergent composition, the improvement comprising adding said hydratable salt prior to the addition of said filler whereby the hydratable salt is more effectively hydrated resulting in more uniform particles having less fines and having an apparent density of less than about 0.32 gram per cubic centimeter.
  • the particles of the detergent composition produced by the present invention are more readily soluble in water than those prepared by the prior method. Also, by employing the present invention, drying can be eliminated because the change in the order of addition improves the flowability of the feed composition which in turn makes possible the use of less moisture. By being able to use less moisture in the preparation, the final moisture content can be controlled to be 18.5% and there is no need to further dry the product since it has the desired flowing and non-caking characteristics at this moisture content. Aging time is also thereby reduced and less fines and dust are formed because of the elimination of the drying step. Furthermore, the hydratable salt is more effectively hydrated, apparently because some of it goes into solution and recrystallizes out as the hydrated salt.
  • the critical point at which the hydratable salt should be added during the processing is after the water, detergent, hydrotrope and silicate have been added and mixed for a short period.
  • the filler e.g., sodium I sulfate
  • the filler should be added after the hydratable salt, and finally the oxygen-liberating per-compound is added. It was found that, at the low moisture contents used, if the hydratable salt is added before the silicate is added, there would not be enough moisture present to hydrate the salt; whereas if the hydratable salt is added after the silicate, there is additional moisture for hydration provided because silicate is usually added in the form of an aqueous silicate solution.
  • the moisture content of the paste, the rate of hydration, and the degree of hydration of the hydratable salt should be carefully controlled during the preparation of the instant composition. There must be enough moisture present to sufficiently hydrate the salt at a suitable rate. This reaction liberates heat at a rate desirable for activating the liberation of 0 from the expanding agent thereby controlling the foaming of the mixed mass produced by the process.
  • the hydratable salt also serves to take up, as water of hydration, the water which is added to form a paste. If there is too much moisture the product density will be too high and the product will not swell properly but instead will remain a fluid paste which is unstable and which tends to collapse. lf too little moisture is present, a thick or stiff, non-flowable, non-swelling paste results which is also highly undesirable. It is preferred that the moisture content of the paste be about 19 to 20%.
  • the hydratable salt is added to a high solids containing slurry whereas in the present invention the hydratable salt is added to a low solids containing slurry (thin slurry).
  • the hydratable salt is more effectively hydrated thereby imparting more desirable qualities to the detergent composition. Since less moisture is required by the new process, the amount of water used in the formulation may be decreased. By reducing the amount of moisture incorporated into the mixture, the final moisture content at the end of the screening stage, including water of hydration, is approximately 18.5%. This is the desired final water content and there is therefore no need to further dehydrate the composition.
  • the drier is eliminated and the dust and fines which are created during the drying and cooling process are also eliminated by the present invention.
  • the water content of the paste employed in carrying out the process of the present invention may vary upwards from about 15% of the paste composition, depending upon the other constituents present and the processing conditions employed.
  • a preferred range for the water content of the paste is from about 18 to 22, most preferred being from 19 to 20%. In any event,
  • Detergents which may be used in the process of the present invention are water-soluble and organic in nature and in general should have foaming properties.
  • suitable anionic detergents include watersoluble soaps and sulphonated synthetic detergents.
  • the soaps are generally water-soluble salts of fatty acids (including rosin acids) which are derived usually from fats, oils and waxes of animal, vegetable or marine origin, e.g., tallow coconut oil, tall oil and palm kernel oil. It is preferred to employ an alkyl aryl sulphonate such as an alkylbenzene sulphonate wherein the alkyl group has 8 to 16 carbon atoms. Suitable examples are sodium decyl. dodecyl and pentadecyl benzene sulphonates.
  • anionic detergents are surface-active sulphated or sulphonated aliphatic compounds, preferably having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, for example: long-chain pure or mixed alkylsulphates (e.g., sodium lauryl sulphate); fatty acid ethanolamide sulphates (e.g.. sodium coconut fatty acid ethanolamide sulphate); fatty acid amides of amino alkyl sulphonic acids (e.g., sodium lauric acid amide of taurine); and fatty acid esters of isethionic acid.
  • These anionic detergents are used generally in the form of the water-soluble salts, such as the alkali metal (e.g.. sodium, potassium) salts. though other water-soluble salts such as ammonium, alkylolamine and alkaline earth metal salts may be used if desired. depending upon the particular detergent composition.
  • the organic detergent may be, in whole or in part, a nonionic detergent such as the nonionic polyalkylene oxide condensates with an aliphatic or aromatic hydrophobic group.
  • the hydrophobic organic group contains usually at least 8 carbon atoms and is condensed with at least and usually up to 50 alkylene oxide groups. Examples are polyethylene oxide condensates with alkyl phenols having 6 to carbon atoms in the alkyl group; polyethylene oxide esters of fatty acids such as tall oil acids or lauric acid with l6 to 20 ethylene oxide groups per molecule; polvethylene oxide condensates of aliphatic alcohols such as lauryl,
  • Water-soluble polyoxyethylene condensates with hydrophobic polyoxypropylene glycols may be employed also.
  • Suitable nonionic detergents may be, for example. the condensate of ethylene oxide with polypropylene glycol, which condensate contains 80% ethylene oxide and has a molecular weight of about 1700. and iso-octyl phenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol having about 8.5 ethanoxy groups per molecule.
  • a cationic surface-active agent may be incorporated in the product also. It may be admixed in powdered or 1 liquid form with the other ingredients in any suitable manner. Where it is desired to use a cationic agent, it is preferred to admix it in minor proportion with an acidic ingredient and coat this mixture with a coating agent.
  • Suitable cationic detergents are alkyl quaternary ammonium compounds such as cetyl quaternary ammonium salts. Specific examples of such materials are cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and cetyl pyridinium chloride.
  • ampholytic detergents such as salts of the N-alkyl compounds of beta amino propionic acid wherein the alkyl group is derived from a fatty acid such as a mixture of coconut oil fatty acids may be employed in compatible amounts.
  • An example of such an ampholytic detergent is sodium dodecyl beta-alamine.
  • the detergent may in whole or in part be a fatty acid soap such as kettle soap.
  • a fatty acid soap such as kettle soap.
  • kettle soap facilitates the processing by imparting more rapid setting and acration characteristics to the slurry.
  • the soap itself lends some structural strength to the product and thereby reduces breakdown of the product particles.
  • Suitable soaps include the water-soluble alkali metal, amine and ammonium salts of fatty acids, such as those containing from 10 to 18 carbon atoms, e.g., sodium laurate, sodium myristate, potassium palmitate, triethanolamine stearate, and mixtures thereof with each other and with soaps of unsaturated fatty acids such as sodium oleate (e.g., the sodium soap of tallow fatty acids and the sodium soap of between 65:35 and :15 mixture of tallow and Palm Kernel Oil or coconut oil fatty acids).
  • fatty acids such as those containing from 10 to 18 carbon atoms, e.g., sodium laurate, sodium myristate, potassium palmitate, triethanolamine stearate, and mixtures thereof with each other and with soaps of unsaturated fatty acids such as sodium oleate (e.g., the sodium soap of tallow fatty acids and the sodium soap of between 65:35 and :15 mixture of tallow and Palm Kernel
  • a suitable range of proportions of the organic detergents is from 2 to 65% of the finished product, and preferably 10 to 40% where the detergent is a synthetic material and 20 to 65% where a soap is the active material.
  • a water-soluble hydrotropic alkyl aryl sulphonate is employed as an aid in the successful entrainment of gas released during the process. As much as 20% of this material can be used; however, it is usually desirable to include not more than 6% of the hydrotropic alkyl aryl sulphonate, while up to 2% is preferred.
  • the hydrotropic alkyl aryl sulphonates used may be water-soluble hydrotropic agents characterized by a hydrophilelipophile balance such that they are highly water-soluble (more so for example, than related organic detergents), and while exhibiting considerable surface activity, are substantially non-detersive in nature.
  • hydrotropes examples include sodium toluene sulphonate, sodium xylene sulphonate, sodium dibutyl naphthalene sulphonate, sodium (mono-) dodecyl oxy dibenzene disulphonate, and the corresponding potassium and lithium salts and mixtures thereof, including commercially available isomeric mixtures.
  • the alkyl substituent contains from 1 to 6 carbon atoms for each sulphonate group in the molecule. and the aryl nucleus desirable is benzene or naphthalene.
  • the hydrotropic agent may be singly or plurally sulphonated or alkylated or both.
  • alkali metal salts of these compounds other water-soluble salts such as the alkaline earth metal, e.g., magnesium, salts and ammonium and substituted ammonium, e.g., the triethanolamine salts may be used totally or partially in lieu thereof. 7
  • alkaline earth metal e.g., magnesium
  • salts and ammonium and substituted ammonium e.g., the triethanolamine salts
  • the hydrotropic alkyl aryl sulphonate may be added to the slurry as such, or it may be added in the form of the sulphonic acid and neutralized in the presence of other constituents.
  • the hydrotropic alkyl aryl sulphonic acid may be prepared by sulphonation of the appropriate hydrocarbon in the presence of other constituents if desired, for example, by sulphonation with the same sulphonating agent used to prepare other sulphated sulphonated constituents of the composition, such as an alkyl aryl sulphonate detergent.
  • Such co-sulphonation may be either simultaneous or tandem as appropriate, it being preferred to sulphonate the hydrotropic alkyl aryl hydrocarbon as the last material to be sulphonated in the latter case.
  • the inorganic salts, e.g., silicates, employed in the present invention are present in the detergent composition in amounts ranging from 3 to 14% as silicate-solids.
  • the silicates are introduced as an aqueous solution having a Na OISiO ratio of from about 1:1 to about 1:3.3, preferably 1:15 to 1:25, most preferably 1:2 and a solids content of 35 to 55% and preferably 40 to 50% of the aqueous solution.
  • the amount of silicate solution employed in the process ranges from about 9 to about 26% and preferably 10 to and more preferably l l to 15% by weight of the detergent composiv ing properties, foam boosters, builders, coloring agents (in the event a colored product is desired), and the like.
  • Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is a preferred example of an organic colloidal material with soil-suspending properties for use in the invention.
  • sodium carboxymethyl cellulose appears to affect favorably the hydration of the tripolyphosphate preferred for the purposes of this invention where the formation of the hydrate, and consequent setting of the paste into the friable mass, should be delayed or the rate of hydration slowed to permit expansion of the paste before the paste becomes too rigid in order to yield a product having the desired low bulk density. It may be present from about 0.5 to 1.5%.
  • the hydratable salt used in the process of the present invention preferably is one which forms a stable hydrate at room temperature.
  • the most highly preferred inorganic salt is Form 11 pentasodium tripolyphosphate.
  • Form 11 is a slowly hydrating salt.
  • Other slowly hydrating salts are also useful such as seeded or wetted Form I pentasodium tripolyphosphate.
  • a suitable range of proportions of the hydratable salt is from about 10 to about 75% by weight of the finished product, more preferred is 25 to 50% and most preferred is to 40% by weight of the finished product.
  • a preferred oxygen-liberating per-compound for use in accordance with the present invention is hydrogen peroxide, which forms oxygen and water on decomposition, providing effective bleaching and swelling. It is easy to incorporate hydrogen peroxide in, and to disperse it thoroughly throughout the paste so that the oxygen is liberated substantially uniformly throughout the paste to bleach it and to cause it to expand to a desired low bulk density of less than 0.32 gram per cubic centimeter, preferably from 0.2 to 0.30 gram per cubic centimeter.
  • hydrogen peroxide does not require the presence of any additional reactant but rather decomposes at a suitable steady rate either as such or possibly as a complex hydrate of the phosphate.
  • Commercial grade hydrogen peroxide of about 20 to 55% concentration. which may contain a stabilizer, is satisfactory for the purposes of the present invention in which it is used in a suitable proportion, e.g., from about 0.25 to about 1.0% by weight of the paste, to confer the desired bleaching effect on, and low bulk density to the final product.
  • the detergent particles produced by the instant process have numerous convex faces meeting at acute angles, a structure which presumably derives from the fact that the rigid mass from which these particles are prepared by mechanical action tends to fracture along planes passing through the fine bubbles contained therein.
  • the spongeous, foraminous character of the instant particles, which extends throughout their structure, is believed to form the basis of their high rate of.
  • substantially all of the particles which typically have an average diameter of less than about 2 millimeters inasmuch as they have been screened through a sieve with openings of 2 millimeters, exhibit a cross sectional diameter of at least three times the diameter of the largest single gas bubble or void within the particle, and in most instances of at least five times.
  • a foam booster e.g., cocodiethanolamide or the monoethanolamide of coconut oil fatty acids which is a waxy solid at temperatures below about 65C.
  • cocodiethanolamide or the monoethanolamide of coconut oil fatty acids which is a waxy solid at temperatures below about 65C.
  • Malamine may be incorporated to inhibit the attack of washing solutions on copper and copper-bearing alloys.
  • compositions of the present invention may also be present in the compositions of the present invention in the amounts commonly used in detergent compositions, e.g., 0.05 to 5% by weight of the composition.
  • the above additional ingredients are added prior to the addition of the tripolyphosphate.
  • the hydrogen peroxide is the last constituent to add to the previously mixed components. After it is added, mixing of the final paste is continued only for the minimum period of time necessary to accomplish thorough mixing of all constituents. This may be less than one minute and preferably is on the order of about 30 seconds.
  • EXAMPLE l in this example. a batch process is illustrated in which 12.0 parts of water. l2.4 parts of aqueous sodium sili- EXAMPLE ll
  • the following tabulation indicates the ingredients and parts by weight ofa variety ofsuitable formulations cate containing 44.1% of solids having a NLl OISlO which may be prepared in accordance with the process ratio of 12.0. 1.9 parts of commercial sodium toluene Total water in paste Sodium silicate Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Fluorescent dye Tridecyl benzene sull'onate Ethylene oxide condensate Total sodium sulfate Pentusodium tripolyphosphate Apparent Density. Grams/cc 0.3] .30
  • sulfonate l.0 parts of commercial sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (74% organic active ingredient). and 0.1 parts of fluorescent brightener are thoroughly mixed in a tilting bowl. sigma blade type mixer. and 27.2 parts of commercial sodium tridecylbenzene sulfonate are added to the mixer. These materials are mixed to form a uniform slurry. which is heated to a temperature of 60C. while mixing. To this mixture which has a total moisture content of 34.71%. 31.5 pans of Fonn ll pentasodium tripolyphosphate dry powder are added and thoroughly mixed within less than about one minute.
  • the product produced has an apparent bulk density of 0.28. has improved texture. and is rapidly soluble in water.
  • filler material is sodium sulfate and the hydratable salt is Form ll pentasodium tripolyphosphate.
  • hydrotrope is sodium toluene sulfonate. 4. A process in accordance with claim 3 wherein the water content is maintained between 18 to 19% by weight of the formulation so that further dehydration in a rotary drier is eliminated.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
US346067A 1973-03-29 1973-03-29 Method for making detergent compositions Expired - Lifetime US3926827A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US346067A US3926827A (en) 1973-03-29 1973-03-29 Method for making detergent compositions
ZA00740927A ZA74927B (en) 1973-03-29 1974-02-12 Improved method for making detergent composition
MW4/74A MW474A1 (en) 1973-03-29 1974-02-21 Improved method for making detergent compositions
ZM38/74A ZM3874A1 (en) 1973-03-29 1974-02-22 Improved method for making detergent compositions
GB1313074A GB1460335A (en) 1973-03-29 1974-03-25 Detergent ''mpositions
OA55157A OA04627A (fr) 1973-03-29 1974-03-26 Procédé de fabrication de compositions détergentes.
KE2874A KE2874A (en) 1973-03-29 1978-08-10 Detergent compositions

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US346067A US3926827A (en) 1973-03-29 1973-03-29 Method for making detergent compositions

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US3926827A true US3926827A (en) 1975-12-16

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GB (1) GB1460335A (xx)
KE (1) KE2874A (xx)
MW (1) MW474A1 (xx)
OA (1) OA04627A (xx)
ZA (1) ZA74927B (xx)
ZM (1) ZM3874A1 (xx)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4269722A (en) * 1976-09-29 1981-05-26 Colgate-Palmolive Company Bottled particulate detergent
US4276326A (en) * 1976-02-26 1981-06-30 Colgate-Palmolive Company Free flowing builder beads and detergents
US4330424A (en) * 1978-12-28 1982-05-18 Colgate Palmolive Company Free flowing builder beads and detergents
US4351740A (en) * 1976-09-29 1982-09-28 Colgate Palmolive Company Bottled particulate detergent
US4414129A (en) * 1976-02-26 1983-11-08 Colgate Palmolive Company Free-flowing builder beads and detergents
US4444673A (en) * 1976-09-29 1984-04-24 Colgate-Palmolive Company Bottle particulate detergent
US4549977A (en) * 1976-09-29 1985-10-29 Colgate-Palmolive Company Bottled particulate detergent
US4661281A (en) * 1984-07-02 1987-04-28 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Process for the production of a spray-dried nonionic washing aid
US5278030A (en) * 1988-10-24 1994-01-11 Du Pont-Howson Limited Developer solution comprising ethyl hexyl sulphate, a surfactant, an alkaline material and having a pH of not less than 12
US5332519A (en) * 1992-05-22 1994-07-26 Church & Dwight Co., Inc. Detergent composition that dissolves completely in cold water, and method for producing the same
US5478502A (en) * 1994-02-28 1995-12-26 The Procter & Gamble Company Granular detergent composition containing hydrotropes and optimum levels of anoionic surfactants for improved solubility in cold temperature laundering solutions
US5478503A (en) * 1994-02-28 1995-12-26 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for making a granular detergent composition containing succinate hydrotrope and having improved solubility in cold temperature laundering solutions
GB2323848A (en) * 1997-04-02 1998-10-07 Procter & Gamble Detergent particle
EP0969082A1 (en) † 1997-12-10 2000-01-05 Kao Corporation Detergent particles
EP1019467A1 (en) * 1997-04-02 2000-07-19 The Procter & Gamble Company Detergent composition
WO2000060041A1 (en) * 1999-03-30 2000-10-12 Unilever Plc Detergent powder composition
US20140162926A1 (en) * 2011-07-20 2014-06-12 Colgate-Palmolive Company Cleansing composition with whipped texture

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2874123A (en) * 1954-09-07 1959-02-17 Colgate Palmolive Co Process for the preparation of granular compositions
US3177147A (en) * 1960-09-23 1965-04-06 Colgate Palmolive Co Detergent compositions and preparation thereof
US3390092A (en) * 1965-03-30 1968-06-25 Fmc Corp Dishwashing detergent preparations containing sodium or potassium dichloroisocyanurate
US3549541A (en) * 1968-05-31 1970-12-22 Colgate Palmolive Co Enzyme carrying detergent particles
US3793212A (en) * 1971-07-23 1974-02-19 Colgate Palmolive Co Detergent composition and method of preparing same

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2874123A (en) * 1954-09-07 1959-02-17 Colgate Palmolive Co Process for the preparation of granular compositions
US3177147A (en) * 1960-09-23 1965-04-06 Colgate Palmolive Co Detergent compositions and preparation thereof
US3390092A (en) * 1965-03-30 1968-06-25 Fmc Corp Dishwashing detergent preparations containing sodium or potassium dichloroisocyanurate
US3549541A (en) * 1968-05-31 1970-12-22 Colgate Palmolive Co Enzyme carrying detergent particles
US3793212A (en) * 1971-07-23 1974-02-19 Colgate Palmolive Co Detergent composition and method of preparing same

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4276326A (en) * 1976-02-26 1981-06-30 Colgate-Palmolive Company Free flowing builder beads and detergents
US4414129A (en) * 1976-02-26 1983-11-08 Colgate Palmolive Company Free-flowing builder beads and detergents
US4269722A (en) * 1976-09-29 1981-05-26 Colgate-Palmolive Company Bottled particulate detergent
US4351740A (en) * 1976-09-29 1982-09-28 Colgate Palmolive Company Bottled particulate detergent
US4444673A (en) * 1976-09-29 1984-04-24 Colgate-Palmolive Company Bottle particulate detergent
US4549977A (en) * 1976-09-29 1985-10-29 Colgate-Palmolive Company Bottled particulate detergent
US4330424A (en) * 1978-12-28 1982-05-18 Colgate Palmolive Company Free flowing builder beads and detergents
US4661281A (en) * 1984-07-02 1987-04-28 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Process for the production of a spray-dried nonionic washing aid
US5278030A (en) * 1988-10-24 1994-01-11 Du Pont-Howson Limited Developer solution comprising ethyl hexyl sulphate, a surfactant, an alkaline material and having a pH of not less than 12
US5332519A (en) * 1992-05-22 1994-07-26 Church & Dwight Co., Inc. Detergent composition that dissolves completely in cold water, and method for producing the same
US5478502A (en) * 1994-02-28 1995-12-26 The Procter & Gamble Company Granular detergent composition containing hydrotropes and optimum levels of anoionic surfactants for improved solubility in cold temperature laundering solutions
US5478503A (en) * 1994-02-28 1995-12-26 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for making a granular detergent composition containing succinate hydrotrope and having improved solubility in cold temperature laundering solutions
GB2323848A (en) * 1997-04-02 1998-10-07 Procter & Gamble Detergent particle
EP1019467A1 (en) * 1997-04-02 2000-07-19 The Procter & Gamble Company Detergent composition
EP1019467A4 (en) * 1997-04-02 2001-08-08 Procter & Gamble DETERGENT COMPOSITION
EP0969082A1 (en) † 1997-12-10 2000-01-05 Kao Corporation Detergent particles
US6376453B1 (en) * 1997-12-10 2002-04-23 Kao Corporation Detergent particles
EP0969082B2 (en) † 1997-12-10 2013-10-16 Kao Corporation Detergent particles
WO2000060041A1 (en) * 1999-03-30 2000-10-12 Unilever Plc Detergent powder composition
US6432905B1 (en) 1999-03-30 2002-08-13 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa Division Of Conopco, Inc. Dry neutralization process for detergent powder composition
US20140162926A1 (en) * 2011-07-20 2014-06-12 Colgate-Palmolive Company Cleansing composition with whipped texture
US9592182B2 (en) * 2011-07-20 2017-03-14 Colgate-Palmolive Company Cleansing composition with whipped texture

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GB1460335A (en) 1977-01-06
ZM3874A1 (en) 1975-12-22
KE2874A (en) 1978-09-01
MW474A1 (en) 1975-11-12
OA04627A (fr) 1980-07-31
ZA74927B (en) 1975-09-24

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