US392618A

US392618A - Oil-press

Info

Publication number: US392618A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1888-11-13
Anticipated expiration: 1905-11-13

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

N. LITTELL.

, OIL PRESS.

No. 892,618. 7 Patented Nov. 13, 1888.

Gwen 1M (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet N. LITTELL.

OIL PRESS. No. 392,618. Patented Nov. 13, 1888.

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NORRIS LITIELL, OF MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE.

Gib-PRESS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersPatent No. 392,618, dated November 13, 1888.

Application filed January 26, 1888. Serial No. 261,970. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, NoRRIs LITTELL, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Memphis, in the county of Shelby and State of Tennessee, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Presses, of which the following is a specification, reference bein ghad therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to an improvementin presses for expressing the oil from oil-meal, the object being to construct a device of this character which shall be so simple in its con struction, inexpensive in its cost of manufacture, and perfect in its operation as to readily recommend itself to those persons employing such devices.

To this end my invention consistsin certain peculiarities in the construction, arrangement, and combination of parts, substantially as will be hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the subjoined claims.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating my invention, and in which like letters of reference designate similar part-s, Figure 1 is, a

perspective view of two press'boxes, showing the same slightly separated. Fig. 2 is a detail perspective of the meal-receiving band. Fig. 3 is a front end view of the meal receiving band with its extremities drawn apart, and showing a supplemental plate on the interior of the same. Fig. i is a top plan of one of the press-boxes, showing the platen upon the same, the channels for the oil on the edges of the box, the mouth thereof at the central edge of the box, and the starter for the meal-band. Fig. 5 is a vertical section through a: so of Fig. 1, showing the position the parts assume in the act of expressing the oil. Fig. 6 is a section through y y of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a detail representation of one of the drainage-plates, adapted to be located within the meal-receiving band above and beneath the meal, and showing most clearly the slots therein for the escape of the oil; and Fig. 8 is a detail representation of the locking device for the door.

A A represent two pressboxcs, of which any desired number may be used. and which are preferably made tapering in the direction of their length, as shown. Each of these boxes A is provided with a door, B, the upper surface of which is preferably flush with the front side, a, of the box when in its closed position.

This door B is formed on its inner side with a recess, 13, situated at or near its center, and in its outermost free extremity with another recess,']3, for the reception of a locking device, O, as shown in Fig. 5, which locking device is by preference pivoted upon a rod, 0, situated transversely within a frame, 0*,secured to the side a of the box A. This locking device '0 is formed with a flange, 0, adapted to rest upon the top of the door B when the same is locked in position, and above the flange c it is shaped to form a handle, 0, while its lowermost extremity, 0 is enlarged or cam-shaped, as shown in Figs. 1 and 8, the object of which will be fully set forth hereinafter.

The box Ais adapted to receive and accommodate a band, D, (shown in detail in Fig. 2,) closely fitting therein, and preferably constructed of some metal possessing elasticity, bent to a form similar to that of the said box A, and having immediately in the rear of its front side, (I, a supplemental strengthening and guiding plate,"D. This band D is designed for'the reception of the meal being operated upon, and it is provided with a handle, E, for convenience in handling, which handle I is secured to the band in any suitable manner,

but preferably by rivets e e, passing through the front side of the band to the plate D. One of these rivets 6 works within an elongated slot, 6, formed onthe band, and, upon reference to Figs. 2 and 3, it will be observed that the extremities f f of the band are not secured together, but are left free.

It will be thus seen that the baud, owing to the elasticity of the metal of which it is constructed and to the manner of its construction, will be capable of being increased in size, in order to facilitate the withdrawal therefrom of the meal-cake when the oil has been expressed from the meal. lhis enlarging of the size of the band is accomplished simply by drawing the side f therof laterally, and in order to securely hold the extremities of the band against accidental displacement laterally during the operation of expressing the oil from the meal the front side of the band is provided with a pivoted lockingcatch, E, having its pivotal point on one side of the extremities of the band and its hook end 6 adapted to engage with a projection, c on the oppositeside thereof. Al though I have described only one of the sides of the band as being capable of lateral movement, it will be quite obvious that both of the sides may be so constructed without departing from the spirit of the invention. When the band D is located in position within the box A, its handle E is situated within the recess B of the door 13.

The top and bottom of the band D are each provided with a removable drainage-plate, F, (shown in detail in Fig. 7,) the one situated at the bottom of the band being kept from accidental displacement by means of the lugs g 9, formed on the band, while the plate at the top will obviously be placed upon the meal I5 and kept from displacement thereby. These drainage-plates F are formed with a series of transverse slots, F, the inner extremities of which terminate at a point near the center line ofthe same and on each side thereof, as shown, through which slots the oil will obviously cscape when the meal is being subjected to press ure. Ierforations may be employed instead of these slots; but the slots are preferred as permitting an increased or better drainage.

The under side of the press-box Athat is, the portion which presents itself to the pressing mechanism-is left open, and the box at this point is constructed with inwardly-extending flanges h h, which guard against ver- 0 tical. displacement of the band D when situated therein.

The interior of the box A and also the flanges h h are formed with series of grooves or recesses A A", which form passages for the oil, 5 guiding it to a place of exit, the grooves A being formed on the top and bottom sides of the box and extending lengthwise thereof, while the grooves A are formed in the front and rear sides of the same and run at an an- 4o gle to the grooves A.

The open end of the press-box Ais adapted to receive a platen, G, which platen is obviously made of a form similar to that of the said box A, and comprises the top or face 9 and the sides 9, secured to a base-piece which consists of the top board, a, of the next adjacent press-box. The top and sides of the platen G are formed with grooves G, which run in a direction parallel to those on the interior of the opposite press-box A, which correspond therewith in point of situation. It will thus be seen that grooves or channels for the oil are provided running in different directions and leading to a common exit therefor, hereinafter described, so that the space over which the oil has to travel before reaching one of these grooves or channels is reduced to the minimum, it having been practically demonstrated that thrce-eighths (t) of an inch is the greatest (1o distance it will have to travel before reaching a channel. This is a feature of prime importance, and its advantage will be readily recognized and appreciated by those persons familiar with this class of invention.

The platen G is formed at or near its end with transverse slots H H, which encircle cross-rods I I, situated at the open end of the pressbox A, which rods I I serve as supports and guides for the said platen. The outer edge of the top a of the press-box is formed with a groove, J, surrounding the platen and having a mouth, K, for the exit therefrom of the oil.

From the foregoing the operation of my device will be readily comprehended. One of the drainage-plates F having been located in position in the bottom of the band D and resting on the lugs y g, the meal is placed thereon and the other drainage plate F is placed upon the meal. The band with its contents is then placed within the box a, and the door of-the box is locked in position by means of the locking device hereinhefore described. A number of boxes having been filled in the same manner, the device is ready for the pressure, which is applied by any suitable pressing mechanism. This pressure upon being applied obviously expresses the oil from the meal, leaving the same in the form of a cake, the oil running in the channels to the groove J, and therein to the exit K, which exit may, if desired, be connected with a pipe 1 leading to a common receptacle. Heretofore the removal of the band from the box has been attended with more or less difficulty, and it therefore becomes desirable to provide means for facilitating this removal. For this purpose, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, I have provided a connecting-rod, L, having its upper extremity enlarged and formed with a recess, Z, for the reception of a rod, Z, situated transversely within the frame O and immediatelytoonesideoftheextremityofthelocking device O,which locking device is adapted to act as alever operating thesaid connectingrod in the manner hereinafter set forth. The extremity of the connecting-rod is also formed with a recess, Z", for thereception of'the end of a rock-arm, M, fulcrumed in plates or blocks N, secured on either side thereof to the rear side,a'", ofthc press-box. The free extremity of the said rock-arm M is formed with a flange, O, passing through a slot, 0 in the side a" of the press-box and abutting against the end of the band.

It will thus be seen that when sufficient pressure has been applied to the meal to express the oil therefrom the locking device 0 is moved backward or out of contact with the door B, which may then be raised to uncover the box, and upon being moved back farther its camshaped extremity coming into contact with the extremity of the connecting-rod L depresses it, causing the extremity O of the rockshaft to come into contact with and push upon the end of the band D with sufficient force to render its removal from the box an easy matter, and the removal of the meal-cake from the band is next in order, which removal is facilitated by the capability of the band to be enlarged, in the manner before explained.

It will be observed that by means of the ICC drainage-plates herein described a most perfect drainage is obtained without the necessity for employing any sacks of cloth or leather mats whatever.

It will be observed, further, that with a device constructed after the plan herein set forth there will be no liability of the meal-cake run ning over while being pressed or of the oil returning thereto, and at the same time the labor consequent upon the expressing of the oil from the meal is appreciably reduced. The device can be most readily and easily handled and with the greatest rapidity, and can be attached to any of the standard presses of the day.

It will doubtless be found inv the practical construction of the device herein described that many of the details of construction might be advantageously varied; and I therefore do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the precise construction herein shown and set forth, but reserve to myself the liberty of varying these details without departing from the general spirit of the invention.

I am aware that press-boxes for oil-presses have been constructed with grooves on their interior, forming channels for the oil; but these grooves heretofore have only been formed on the horizontal sides of the boxes. With such a construction it has been found from practical experience that the drainage was very defective, and that the oil was liable to return to the meal should it be forced through the top or sides thereof. In order to obviate these disadvantages, I construct my press-boxes with channels both on the horizontal and on the vertical sides, and with those on the vertical sides running in a direction at an angle to those on the horizontal sides. It will thus be obvious that an increased and better drainage is obtained, and that there will be no liability of the oil running to the cake when it has been expressed therefrom.

Having now described the construction, advantages, and operation of my invention,what I believe to be new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, and what I therefore claim, is

1. A prcss-box for oil-presses, havingits interior formed with series of grooves, of which those on the vertical sides of the said box extend in a direction at an angle to those on the horizontal side thereof, for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, in an oilpress, of the press-box having its interior formed with se ries of grooves, those on the sides thereof extending in a direction at an angle to those on the top, a meal-band situated within the said pressbox, and drainage plates respectively situated at the lower and upper side of the meal-band and adapted to receive the meal between them.

3. In an oil-press, the combination, with the press-box having its interior formed with grooves or channels, those on the sides thereof extending in a direction at an angle to those on the top, and a door for the said press-box, of a pivoted locking device for the said door.

4:. In an oil-press the boxes A, one of which receives the meal and the other carries the platen, in combination with the said platen, having grooves or channels on its outer faces, and having also transverse slots adapted to receive rods extending transversely of the opposite box.

5. The combination, in an oil-press, of a press-box formed on its interior with grooves or channels, of which those on the vertical sides of the said box extend in a direction at an angle to those on thehorizontal side thereof, and also formed on its upper face with a groove or channel, for the purpose herein set forth, and a platen surrounded by the latter groove or channel.

6. An interiorly grooved or channeled press box, having also a groove or channel on its upper surface, for the purpose set forth, in combination with a grooved or channeled platen surrounded by the said groove or channel on the upper surface of the press-box.

7. In an oil-press, the combinatiomwith the pressb'ox having grooves or channels for the oil running in opposite directions, of the platen, also having grooves or channels'in its sides and top running in directions parallel to those on the vertical and horizontal sides, respectively, of the press-box, substantially as described, whereby channels for the oil are provided running in different directions.

8. A press-box for oil-presses, having an open end, flanges h at the said open end, and interiorly formed with channels for the oil, of which channels those on the vertical sides run in a direction at an angle to those on the horizontal side and on the flanges h.

9. An interiorly groovedorehanneled pressbox having an open end, and inwardly-extending channeled flanges at said open end, the grooves or channels on the vertical sides of the press-box extending in a direction at an angle to those on the horizontal side, a mealband situated within the press-box, and drain-' age-plates respectively situated at the lower and upper side of the mealdoand and adapted to receive the meal between them, in combination with a platen adapted to enter the open end of the next adjacent press-box and formed on its top and sides with grooves or channels respectively running in a direction corresponding to that of the grooves or channels on the horizontal and vertical sides of the press-box.

10. In an oilpress, the combination of a press'box having a door, a locking device for the said door having one extremity enlarged, a meal-band situated within the said pressbox, and a starter for the said band adapted to be operated by the said locking device.

11. In an oil-press, the combination of a press-box having a door, a meal-band situated within the said box, a pivoted locking device for the said door, and a starter for the meal band adapted to be operated by the said locking device, and consisting of a connect-ing mod, a rock-arm pivoted thereto and having its ex- IIO tremity abutting against the meal-band, and

fulcrum-plates situated upon opposite sides of the said rock-arm.

12. In an oil-press, the pressbox having a door formed with recesses on its inner side and outer face, respectively, and a meal-receiving band having a handle adapted to be received by the recess on the inner side of the door, in combination with a locking device pivoted on the side of the press-box, extending through the recess on the free extremity of the door, and having a flange adapted to rest on the face of the said door.

13. A metallic meal-band bent to a form sub stantially such as shown and formed with a slot, in combination with a supplemental plate in the rear of said slot and a pin passing;

through the slot to the supplemental plate, whereby the band is capable of enlargement, for the purpose set forth.

14. A metallic meal-band having a handle crossing its extremities and formed with a slot, in combination with asupplemental plate in the rear of said slot, a rivet passing from the handle through the slot to the supplemental plate, and a pivoted locking device for the band.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

NORRIS LITTELL.

Witnesses:

P. F. TYLER, '1. F. CASSELS.