US3924583A

US3924583A - Mounting apparatus

Info

Publication number: US3924583A
Application number: US481799A
Authority: US
Inventors: Thomas K Jardin
Original assignee: Caterpillar Tractor Co
Current assignee: Caterpillar Inc
Priority date: 1974-06-21
Filing date: 1974-06-21
Publication date: 1975-12-09
Anticipated expiration: 1992-12-09
Also published as: BR7501847A; JPS5114534A; DE2527347A1; GB1472016A; CA1010326A

Abstract

An improved mounting apparatus for securing a fuel injection nozzle to the cylinder head of an engine including an adapter providing connection for a fuel supply line and having an opening therethrough registerable with an elongated substantially smooth nozzle receiving bore in the head. A first fastening device spaced from the opening in the adapter is utilized for securing the adapter to the head, and a second fastening device is utilized for removably securing the nozzle within the opening of the adapter in predetermined axially extended relation into the nozzle receiving bore of the head to permit selective withdrawal of the nozzle from such bore without removal of the adapter, the fuel supply line, or any adjacent engine components.

Description

J ardin Dec. 9, 1975 MOUNTING APPARATUS [75] Inventor: Thomas K. Jardin, Oxnard, Calif.

[73] Assignee: Caterpillar Tractor Co., Peoria, 111.

[22] Filed: June 21, 1974 [21] Appl. No.: 481,799

[52] US. Cl. 123/32 JV; 123/198 R; 239/533 [51] Int. Cl. B05B 1/30 [58] Field of Search 123/32 V, 32 JV, 198 R; 239/600, 533

[56] References Cited UNYTED STATES PATENTS 2,295,081 9/1942 l-larvath 123/32 V 3,244,377 4/1966 Roosa 123/198 R 3,406,912 10/1968 Claffey 239/600 3,431,895 3/1969 Bailey 123/32 3,791,591 2/1974 Hedges 239/533 FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATTONS 97,829 4/1924 Australia l. 123/32 V Primary Examiner-Wendell E. Burns Assistant ExaminerPaul Devinsky Attorney, Agent, or FirmRalph E. Walters [57] ABSTRACT An improved mounting apparatus for securing a fuel injection nozzle to the cylinder head of an engine including an adapter providing connection for a fuel supply line and having an opening therethrough registerable with an elongated substantially smooth nozzle receiving bore in the head. A first fastening device spaced from the opening in the adapter is utilized for securing the adapter to the head, and a second fasten ing device is utilized for removably securing the nozzle within the opening of the adapter in predetermined axially extended relation into the nozzle receiving bore of the head to permit selective withdrawal of the nozzle from such bore without removal of the adapter, the fuel supply line, or any adjacent engine components.

9 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure US. Patent Dec. 9, 1975 MOUNTING APPARATUS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to fuel injection nozzles of the pencil type and more particularly to apparatus for operatively mounting such nozzles to the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine.

Fuel has been previously supplied to fuel injection nozzles of the type involved in this invention through a fuel supply line having what is commonly called a banjo-type fitting. Such banjo fitting is circumferentially secured in a permanent manner, such as by brazing or the like, about the body of the nozzle. The nozzle is normally mounted in a smooth non-threaded nozzle bore in the head with the nozzle and fuel supply line being secured by means of a heavy spring clamp and a retaining bolt. As depicted in U.S. Pat. No. 3,244,377 to Roosa, the retaining bolt is screw-threadably engaged in a screw-threaded aperture provided in the head in spaced relation to the nozzle receiving bore.

As is frequently the case in many engines using the above nozzle arrangement, the fuel supply line is routed under the rocker arm shaft of the cylinder valving mechanism. Consequently, it is necessary to remove the rocker arm shaft and various other engine components to enable removal of the nozzle.

One solution to the above problem is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,431,845 to Bailey and assigned to the assignee of this application, wherein an adapter is provided to permit the nozzles removal without disturbing the fuel supply line. Such invention, however, requires a special cylinder head having screw threads in the normally smooth nozzle receiving bore for securing the nozzle and the adapter to the head. Consequently, this solution is not readily adaptable to existing engines having the banjo-type fitting without modifications to the cylinder head and undue expenses.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide an improved mounting apparatus for detachably securing a fuel injection nozzle to the cylinder head of an engine.

Another object of this invention is to provide such an improved mounting apparatus which permits removal of the nozzle without disturbing its fuel supply line or any adjacent cylinder valving mechanism.

Another object of this invention is to provide a mounting apparatus which is readily adaptable to existing engines without requiring any modifications of the cylinder head.

Other objects of the present invention will become more readily apparent upon reference to the accompanying drawing and following description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING The drawing is a vertical transverse section through a cylinder head of an engine showing the head cover and a portion of the cylinder block and illustrating a fuel injection nozzle secured therein by an improved mounting apparatus embodying the principles of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring to the drawing, an improved mounting apparatus embodying the principles of the present invention is generally indicated at 10 in association with a cylinder head 12 of an engine 13. The cylinder head is provided with an elongated substantially smooth nozzle receiving bore 15 therethrough which opens into a combustion chamber 16 in a cylinder 18 of an engine block 19. The head is also provided with a screwthreaded aperture 21 disposed in substantially parallel offsetting relation to the nozzle receiving bore.

A head cover 22 is mounted on top of the head by conventional fastener means, not shown, and encloses such components as the cylinder valving mechanism and its related supporting structures including a rocker arm shaft 24.

The improved mounting apparatus 10 is utilized for detachably securing an elongated pencil type fuel injection nozzle 26 within its respective nozzle receiving bore 15 in the head. The nozzle is provided with a cylindrical body 27 having a predetermined lower injection end 28 and an opposite upper manifold receiving end 29.

The mounting apparatus includes a radially disposed collar portion 30 situated in longitudinally centrally disposed relation between the opposite ends of the nozzle body 27. The collar portion includes a pair of longitudinally spaced upper and

lower ends

32 and 33, respectively, having a circumferentially disposed frustoconically shaped surface 34 extending therebetween. Such surface is bisected by an annular groove 35 disposed intermediate the

ends

32 and 33. A radially extending passage 36 is disposed within the groove and communicates with the interior of the body of the nozzle. A tubular fitting 38 is loosely mounted about the body 27 of the nozzle above the collar portion 30 and includes an upper serrated portion 39, a lower reduced diameter portion 40, and an intermediate externally screw-threaded portion 41.

The mounting apparatus also includes an adapter 44 having an opening 45 therethrough which is registerable with the nozzle receiving bore 15 in the head 12. The opening has a frustoconically shaped interior surface 46 mating with the. frustoconically shaped surface 34 of the collar portion30 for close fitting receipt of the collar portion therein. The adapter also has an increased diameter internally screw-threaded protuberance 47 extending in coaxial relation above its opening 45 which is adapted screw-threadably to receive the screw-threaded portion 41 of the tubular fitting 38. An annular boot retaining lip 48 is formed externally on the upper end of the protuberance. A radially disposed passage 49 is formed through the adapter into its opening 45 and is disposed in registration with the annular groove 35 in the collar portion of the nozzle. A fuel supply line 50 is connected to the passage 49 of the adapter by brazing or the like to communicate fuel therethrough from a conventional fuel pump, not shown, to the nozzle through the annular groove 35 and the passage 36 in the collar portion thereof. As is commonly the case, such supply line is routed under the rocker arm shaft 24. The adapter is also provided with an aperture 51 which is positionable in registration with the screw-threaded aperture 21 in the head.

An elongated screw-threaded fastening device or stud 52 has one end 53 'thereof screw-threadably secured in the threaded aperture 21 in the head and a remote end 54 spaced a predetermined elevational distance above the head. The stud extends through the aperture 51 in the adapter 44 and through an elongated tubular spacer 55 disposed in coaxial relation with the aperture 51 on top of the adapter. A first nut 56 is screw-threadably mounted on the remote end of the stud to secure the adapter to the head through an axial clamping force transmitted through the spacer.

. A spring clamp 58 has one end thereof secured to the remote end of the stud 52 by a second nut 59. The

other end of the spring clamp is disposed over a fueldrain manifold 61. The spring clamp is adapted to exert a downward force on the manifold and the nozzle 26.

-The manifold is coupled to the nozzle by a downwardly projecting nipple 62, shown in dashed lines, which extends into its manifold receiving end 29 for draining off any internal fuel leakage therein in a conventional manner. Any external leakage is trapped within an elastomeric boot 63 which is secured about the protuberance 47 by stretching the boot completely over the upper end of the nozzle and over the lip 48 of the protuberance. The nipple of the manifold is extended through an opening in the portion of the boot overlying the end of the nozzle for directing the above described internal leakage to the manifold.

A seal 64 is disposed aroundthe nozzle between the adapter and the head 12 to additionally prevent any external fuel leakage from the nozzle, as well as to prevent theescape of gases from the combustion chamber 16. A puller ring 65 is also provided about the body 27 of the nozzle 26 adjacent its manifold receiving end 29.

OPERATION While the operation of the present invention is believed to be clearly apparent from the foregoing description, further amplification will be made in the following brief summary of such operation. When installed in the operative condition shown in the drawing, the improved mounting apparatus of the present in vention is effective to mount the pencil type fuel injection nozzle 26 in its proper axially extended position within the nozzle receiving bore in the head 12. The nozzle is secured to the adapter 44 by the screw threaded engagement of the tubular fitting '38 in the protuberance 47. Such fitting is tightened so that its lower reduced diameter portion 40 is engaged against the upper end 32 of the collar portion 30 to exert an axial force thereon for urging the

frustoconical surfaces

34 and 46 of the collar portion and opening 45, respectively, into sealing contact with each other. This prevents the leakage of fuel communicated between the adapter 44 and the nozzle through passage 49 and the annular groove 35. i

The adapter 44, in turn, is independently secured to the head 12 through the screw-threaded engagement of the first nut 56 on the stud 52 which exerts a downward clamping force on the adapter through the spacer 55. An additional downward force on the adapter is provided by the spring claamp 58 which exerts an axial force on the nozzle through the manifold 61.

As will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art, the improved mounting apparatus 10 permits the removal of the fuel injection nozzle 26 from the head 12 without disturbing the fuel supply line 50 or necessitating the disassembly of the rocker arm shaft 24. Such removal is accomplished in the following manner. Flrst, the head cover 22 is removed from the head in the usual manner to provide access to the nozzle. Next, the spring clamp 58 is disassembled by the removal of the second nut 59 on the stud 52. This permits the drain manifold 61 to be unplugged from the upper end of the nozzle 26 and shifted off to one side of the nozzle. The

boot 63 is then pulled off the protuberance 47 of the adapter and removed from around the upper end of the nozzle. This exposes the serrated portion 39 of the tubular fitting 38 for receiving a complimentary tool in meshing relation to screw-threadably disengage the fitting from the protuberance. After this relatively simple procedure is accomplished, the nozzle may be withdrawn from its nozzle receiving bore 15 in the head and from the adapter 44.'lf necessary to break the nozzle loose, an appropriate puller tool, not shown, pulling against the puller ring 65 should be utilized to prevent damage to the nozzle. The adapter, as it will be appreciated, remains secured to the head by the undisturbed first nut 56 on the stud 52. The nozzle 26 is, of course, reassembled by reversing the above described steps.

In view of the foregoing, it is readily apparent that the structure of the present invention provides an improved mounting apparatus for securing a fuel injection nozzle in its nozzle receiving bore in the cylinder head of an engine and which permits the selective removal of the nozzle from the head without the removal of its fuel supply line or any adjacent engine components.

While the invention has been described and shown with particular reference to the preferred embodiment, it will be apparent that variations might be possible that would fall within the scope of the present invention which is not intended to be limited except as defined in the following claims.

What is claimed is:

1. An improved mounting apparatus, for use in combination with an internal combustion engine having a fuel injection nozzle, a fuel supply line and a cylinder head with the head having a substantially smooth nozzle-receiving bore, comprising:

means forming an external frustoconical surface on said nozzle;

an adapter having an elongated opening therethrough registerable with the nozzle-receiving bore in the head, which opening has an internal frustoconical surface positionable in mating engagement with said external frustoconical surface of said nozzle for supporting the nozzle in predetermined axially extended relation in said bore;

means for operatively connecting said fuel supply line to the adapter and including passage means for supplying fuel therefrom into the nozzle;

first fastening means spaced from said opening for detachably securing said adapter to said head; and second fastening means independent of said first fastening means and including an internally screwthreaded protuberance formed upon said adapter in coaxially extending relation above said opening thereof and a mating externally screw-threaded member provided about said nozzle which is selectively screw-threadably engageable with said protuberance for separately removably securing said nozzle to said adapter so that the nozzle is selectively removable from the engine without requiringthe disassembly of the adapter from the cylinder head or any disturbance of the fuel supply line.

2. The mounting apparatus of claim 1 wherein said passage means includes:

a pair of passages individually located in said adapter and said nozzle and disposed in aligned registry with each other in centrally disposed relation through their respective frustoconical surfaces so that said surfaces are positionable in sealing contact about said passages to prevent fuel leakeage therefrom.

3. The mounting apparatus of claim 2 wherein said frustoconical surface of said nozzle is provided by a radially disposed collar portion about said nozzle and having an upper end remote from said head, and said externally screw-threaded member is a tubular fitting loosely mounted about said nozzle having means on one end thereof for receiving a tool for imparting turning movement thereto and means on its other end adjacent said collar portion axially engagable against said upper end thereof to urge said frustoconical surfaces into sealing contact upon screw-threaded engagement of said fitting into said protuberance.

4. The mounting apparatus of claim 3 wherein said first fastening means includes;

a screw-threaded aperture formed in said head in parallel offsetting relation to said substantially smooth nozzle-receiving bore;

an aperture in said adapter registerable with said screw-threaded aperture in the head; and

an elongated screw threaded fastener device positionable through said aperture in the adapter and screw-threadably engagable with said screwthreaded aperture.

5. An improved fuel injection nozzle mounting apparatus, in combination with an internal combustion engine having a fuel injection nozzle providing an elongated nonthreaded body, a fuel supply line, and a cylinder head having a nonthreaded nozzle receiving bore therein and a threaded aperture spaced from such bore, wherein the improvement comprises:

a frustoconically shaped collar portion provided about the center of said body of the nozzle, said collar portion having a radially disposed fuel passage therein and a radially disposed end surface;

an adapter connected to said fuel supply line and in cluding a frustoconically shaped opening therethrough mating with said frustoconically shaped collar portion of the nozzle for mounting said nozzle with one end of its body being disposed in predetermined axially extended relation in said nonthreaded nozzle receiving bore in the head and the other end of the body protruding from such bore, and a passage interconnecting the fuel supply line with said opening in registry with said passage of the collar portion,

fastening means connected to said adapter and screw-threadably engageable with said threaded aperture of the head for detachably securing said adapter to the cylinder head;

a tubular fitting disposed about the body of the nozzle in longitudinally disposed relation to said collar portion, the fitting having a radially disposed end surface positionable in abutting engagement against said end surface of the collar portion; and

a threaded connection cooperatively provided between said fitting and the adapter for separately detachably securing the nozzle to the adapter so as to permit selective removal of the nozzle from the engine without requiring the disassembly of the adapter and the consequent disturbance of the fuel supply line.

6. The mounting apparatus of claim 5 including:

fuel drain means connected to said other protruding end of the nozzle body for draining off any internal fuel leakage from the nozzle.

7. The mounting apparatus of claim 6 wherein said fastening means includes;

an elongated stud extending upwardly from said screw-threaded aperture in said head through an aperture in said adapter;

an elongated tubular spacer member positionable on top of said adapter; and

a nut screw-threadably engaged on a remote end of said stud for clamping said adapter to the head through an axial force transmitted through said spacer.

8. The mounting apparatus of claim 7 including clamping means secured to said remote end of said stud by another nut and engagable against said drain manifold for securing said manifold to the nozzle and for exerting a downward axial force through said nozzle to assist said stud in securing said adapter means to said head.

9. The mounting apparatus of claim 8 wherein said adapter is provided with an annular protuberance extending in coaxial relation above said opening thereof and said apparatus further includes an elastomeric boot secured about said protuberance and disposed over the protruding end of said nozzle for trapping any external fuel leakage from the nozzle.

Claims

1. An improved mounting apparatus, for use in combination with an internal combustion engine having a fuel injection nozzle, a fuel supply line and a cylinder head with the head having a substantially smooth nozzle-receiving bore, comprising: means forming an external frustoconical surface on said nozzle; an adapter having an elongated opening therethrough registerable with the nozzle-receiving bore in the head, which opening has an internal frustoconical surface positionable in mating engagement with said external frustoconical surface of said nozzle for supporting the nozzle in predetermined axially extended relation in said bore; means for operatively connecting said fuel supply line to the adapter and including passage means for supplying fuel therefrom into the nozzle; first fastening means spaced from said opening for detachably securing said adapter to said head; and second fastening means independent of said first fastening means and including an internally screw-threaded protuberance formed upon said adapter in coaxially extending relation above said opening thereof and a mating externally screw-threaded member provided about said nozzle which is selectively screwthreadably engageable with said protuberance for separately removably securing said nozzle to said adapter so that the nozzle is selectively removable from the engine without requiring the disassembly of the adapter from the cylinder head or any disturbance of the fuel supply line.

2. The mounting apparatus of claim 1 wherein said passage means includes: a pair of passages individually located in said adapter and said nozzle and disposed in aligned registry with each other in centrally disposed relation through their respective frustoconical surfaces so that said surfaces are positionable in sealing contact about said passages to prevent fuel leakeage therefrom.

4. The mounting apparatus of claim 3 wherein said first fastening means includes; a screw-threaded aperture formed in said head in parallel offsetting relation to said substantially smooth nozzle-receiving bore; an aperture in said adapter registerable with said screw-threaded aperture in the head; and an elongated screw threaded fastener device positionable through said aperture in the adapter and screw-threadably engagable with said screw-threaded aperture.

5. An improved fuel injection nozzle mounting apparatus, in combination with an internal combustion eNgine having a fuel injection nozzle providing an elongated nonthreaded body, a fuel supply line, and a cylinder head having a nonthreaded nozzle receiving bore therein and a threaded aperture spaced from such bore, wherein the improvement comprises: a frustoconically shaped collar portion provided about the center of said body of the nozzle, said collar portion having a radially disposed fuel passage therein and a radially disposed end surface; an adapter connected to said fuel supply line and including a frustoconically shaped opening therethrough mating with said frustoconically shaped collar portion of the nozzle for mounting said nozzle with one end of its body being disposed in predetermined axially extended relation in said nonthreaded nozzle receiving bore in the head and the other end of the body protruding from such bore, and a passage interconnecting the fuel supply line with said opening in registry with said passage of the collar portion, fastening means connected to said adapter and screw-threadably engageable with said threaded aperture of the head for detachably securing said adapter to the cylinder head; a tubular fitting disposed about the body of the nozzle in longitudinally disposed relation to said collar portion, the fitting having a radially disposed end surface positionable in abutting engagement against said end surface of the collar portion; and a threaded connection cooperatively provided between said fitting and the adapter for separately detachably securing the nozzle to the adapter so as to permit selective removal of the nozzle from the engine without requiring the disassembly of the adapter and the consequent disturbance of the fuel supply line.

6. The mounting apparatus of claim 5 including: fuel drain means connected to said other protruding end of the nozzle body for draining off any internal fuel leakage from the nozzle.

7. The mounting apparatus of claim 6 wherein said fastening means includes; an elongated stud extending upwardly from said screw-threaded aperture in said head through an aperture in said adapter; an elongated tubular spacer member positionable on top of said adapter; and a nut screw-threadably engaged on a remote end of said stud for clamping said adapter to the head through an axial force transmitted through said spacer.