US3923676A - Insulative adhesive mixture resistant to strong electrical fields - Google Patents

Insulative adhesive mixture resistant to strong electrical fields Download PDF

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Publication number
US3923676A
US3923676A US364133A US36413373A US3923676A US 3923676 A US3923676 A US 3923676A US 364133 A US364133 A US 364133A US 36413373 A US36413373 A US 36413373A US 3923676 A US3923676 A US 3923676A
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United States
Prior art keywords
particles
adhesive
glue mixture
glue
mixture
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Expired - Lifetime
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US364133A
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English (en)
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Vilho Albert Rasanen
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Individual
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/002—Inhomogeneous material in general
    • H01B3/004—Inhomogeneous material in general with conductive additives or conductive layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/185—Substances or derivates of cellulose

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an adhesive mixture to be used in objects subject to electrical fields and, in particular, to strong electrical fields, such as in connection with electrical capacitor insulations, said mixture comprising an appropriate adhesive component proper, for example, one known, per se, such as methyl cellulose, starch, arabicum, dextrin, or plastic adhesives.
  • an appropriate adhesive component proper for example, one known, per se, such as methyl cellulose, starch, arabicum, dextrin, or plastic adhesives.
  • the joints of the paper webs at present used as insulations are made as adhesive seams, for example, so that when making the seam, the adhesive is by means of heat treatment converted from liquid or softened state into a solid state. It has been ascertained that in such adhesive seams partial discharges appear even at low field intensities. This is likely to result from the circumstance that, when the adhesive is converted from liquid state into the solid state, cavities are formed inside the seam of adhesive. The cavities are harmful when using insulating materials as these are usually impregnated by means of appropriate electrical insulating agents and these impregnating agents cannot penetrate into the cavities inside the solid adhesive.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a conventional adhesive layer which consists of the adhesive 1 and the cavities 2. It is essential that these cavities 2 be relatively large and, consequently, partial discharges appear in them at a relatively low field intensity, which discharges destroy the material rapidly. As is well known, this same mechanism applies to all electrical insulation.
  • An object of the invention is to avoid the above disadvantages and to provide such an adhesive mixture which, even after hardening, posesses at least almost equally good discharging properties as the adhesive component contained therein under ideal homogeneous conditions.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such adhesive seams whose partial discharge properties are so good that the adhesive seam does not constitute the weakest point in the electrical insulation structure.
  • the adhesive mixture in accordance with the invention is mainly characterized by particles of a poorly conducting substance, such as a metallic oxide or silicon oxide, mixed with the adhesive component, the particle size ranging from 0.01 pm to a few micrometers, the particles being of a substantially uniform size, and the cross-section contours of the particles being evenly curved.
  • a poorly conducting substance such as a metallic oxide or silicon oxide
  • the basic concept of the invention is, that the adhesive is mixed with such a quantity of solid particles of an appropriate size that the adhesive properties of the adhesive mixture still remain good enough but that 2 the solid particles prevent the formation of too large cavities in the adhesive mixture.
  • the quantity of adhesive consisting of adhesive agents and remaining between the solid particles can be made so small that the cavities remaining therein are either broken or impregnation substances can penetrate into them or the cavities remain so small that partial discharges possibly arising in them are not harmful.
  • FIG. 1 shows, as described above, a schematic view of a conventional adhesive layer which contains adhesive and cavities.
  • FIG. 2 shows a layer made of an adhesive mixture in accordance with the invention and containing adhesive, small cavities and particles.
  • FIG. 3 shows graphically the adhesive capacity and the quality of the discharge properties as a function of the quantity of the particles.
  • FIG. 3 shows graphically that the quality of the dis- 7 charge properties is improved with an increase in the proportion of particles in the mixture.
  • the adhesive capacity is in a corresponding way deteriorated with an increase in the proportion of the particles.
  • the particle content ought to be about 50 to 5,000 per cent by weight of the quantity of adhesive and preferably to 1,500 per cent by weight. It is further noted that when the particle size is reduced, the range of the optimum percentage by weight is reduced. This is why one cannot go into very small particle sizes. On the other hand, when the particle size becomes too large, the discharge properties cannot be made sufficiently good.
  • the particle size shall be about 0.01 urn to a few micrometers.
  • the particle size should be 0.2 to 3 pm. It has also been noted that the particles ought to be of a substantially equal size.
  • mica which is in itself an excellent insulating material, is even when ground into small particles disc-shaped, mica does not give even nearly as good results as a particle material consisting of globular particles. Needle-shaped particles are not nearly as good as globular ones.
  • the adhesive can be any adhesive, such as methyl cellulose, starch, arabicum, dextrin, and plastic adhesives.
  • zinc oxide has been ascertained to be especially good.
  • Aluminum oxide can also be used.
  • any insulating or semiconductive material can be used for this purpose.
  • the particles must, however, be cleaned in some way known per se.
  • Tables 1A, 1B, and 1C indicate results obtained by means of test capacitors made of capacitor paper in partial discharge measurements.
  • the density of the capacitor paper used (Terox SHV) was 0.2 g per cu. cm and surface weight 18 g per sq. m.
  • the number of insulation layers in the test capacitor was 5, capacitance 0.1 uF, impregnation agent (trichloride-phenyl) and one coil had adhesive seams.
  • the measurements of partial discharge were taken at the room temperature.
  • the test used for measuring the properties of partial discharge comprised the following steps:
  • test capacitor was increased to 5,400 V (50 c/s) and maintained for 1 second.
  • the adhesive mixture in accordance with the inven tion can of course be used for many different purposes. Besides the above seaming of capacitor paper, it can be used, for example, in connection with cable insulation and as an adhesive for various electrotechnical laminates. Moreover, the adhesive mixture in accordance with the invention can be used as the adhesive material for various electrotechnical tapes.
  • Adhesive mixture 100 X quantity Adhesive of particle mat. No. Adhes. Adhes. Particle Quantity of mater. solvent material adhesive 2 Methyl water cell. 3 ZnO 200 4 1, I, I, 470 5 H I, I, 670 6 I, I! I, 1,330 7 A1 0 200 8 H ,1 I, 470 9 H I I, 670 10 H ,1 H 1,000 l 1 Arabicum 12 ZnO 100 13 I, ,1 ,1 200 l 4 H H H 400 15 starch ZnO .16 100 17 H I, I, 270 18 Methyl Mica cell 19 I, I, I, 200 20 H I! n 330 21 Methy SiO cell. 22 I! I P I I I l 23 SiC 330 24 I, r I H 670 25 I, I! H 1,000. 26 Poly- Methyl carbon chloride 27 ZnO Table LB.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
US364133A 1972-06-09 1973-05-25 Insulative adhesive mixture resistant to strong electrical fields Expired - Lifetime US3923676A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI721648A FI51945C (fi) 1972-06-09 1972-06-09 Sähkökentässä käyttäväksi tarkoitetettu liima-aineseos.

Publications (1)

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US3923676A true US3923676A (en) 1975-12-02

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US364133A Expired - Lifetime US3923676A (en) 1972-06-09 1973-05-25 Insulative adhesive mixture resistant to strong electrical fields

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US (1) US3923676A (en(2012))
JP (1) JPS5525236B2 (en(2012))
DE (1) DE2326201C3 (en(2012))
FI (1) FI51945C (en(2012))
FR (1) FR2188257B1 (en(2012))
GB (1) GB1440513A (en(2012))
SE (1) SE403131B (en(2012))

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4711916A (en) * 1982-09-30 1987-12-08 Nippon Steel Corporation Inorganic filler dispersed-resin composition
US6507477B1 (en) 2000-09-11 2003-01-14 John E. Stauffer Electrical capacitor
US20090269956A1 (en) * 2008-04-24 2009-10-29 Baker Hughes Incorporated Pothead for Use in Highly Severe Conditions
US20100186990A1 (en) * 2009-01-29 2010-07-29 Baker Hughes Incorporated High Voltage Electric Submersible Pump Cable
US20150162134A1 (en) * 2011-04-26 2015-06-11 Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd. Multilayer thin film for ceramic electronic component and method for manufacturing the same

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54112941A (en) * 1978-02-22 1979-09-04 Hitachi Chem Co Ltd Adhesive for copper-clad laminate
CH627031A5 (en(2012)) * 1978-08-09 1981-12-15 Portescap

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2322353A (en) * 1939-11-04 1943-06-22 Western Electric Co Dielectric material
US2386659A (en) * 1941-11-08 1945-10-09 Gen Electric Dielectric material
US2550452A (en) * 1945-03-07 1951-04-24 Gen Electric Compound dielectric materials
US2778762A (en) * 1948-11-11 1957-01-22 Technograph Printed Circuits L Electric capacitor and method of making same
US3427264A (en) * 1966-02-07 1969-02-11 Exxon Research Engineering Co Metal-filled plastics comprising a styrene polymer and an elastomer
US3437892A (en) * 1966-12-05 1969-04-08 Du Pont Capacitor dielectric compositions and capacitors made therefrom
US3626083A (en) * 1968-01-12 1971-12-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp High-voltage insulation and insulated high-voltage apparatus

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2322353A (en) * 1939-11-04 1943-06-22 Western Electric Co Dielectric material
US2386659A (en) * 1941-11-08 1945-10-09 Gen Electric Dielectric material
US2550452A (en) * 1945-03-07 1951-04-24 Gen Electric Compound dielectric materials
US2778762A (en) * 1948-11-11 1957-01-22 Technograph Printed Circuits L Electric capacitor and method of making same
US3427264A (en) * 1966-02-07 1969-02-11 Exxon Research Engineering Co Metal-filled plastics comprising a styrene polymer and an elastomer
US3437892A (en) * 1966-12-05 1969-04-08 Du Pont Capacitor dielectric compositions and capacitors made therefrom
US3626083A (en) * 1968-01-12 1971-12-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp High-voltage insulation and insulated high-voltage apparatus

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4711916A (en) * 1982-09-30 1987-12-08 Nippon Steel Corporation Inorganic filler dispersed-resin composition
US6507477B1 (en) 2000-09-11 2003-01-14 John E. Stauffer Electrical capacitor
US20090269956A1 (en) * 2008-04-24 2009-10-29 Baker Hughes Incorporated Pothead for Use in Highly Severe Conditions
US7789689B2 (en) 2008-04-24 2010-09-07 Baker Hughes Incorporated Pothead for use in highly severe conditions
US20100186990A1 (en) * 2009-01-29 2010-07-29 Baker Hughes Incorporated High Voltage Electric Submersible Pump Cable
US8039747B2 (en) 2009-01-29 2011-10-18 Baker Hughes Incorporated High voltage electric submersible pump cable
US20150162134A1 (en) * 2011-04-26 2015-06-11 Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd. Multilayer thin film for ceramic electronic component and method for manufacturing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2326201C3 (de) 1980-06-19
GB1440513A (en) 1976-06-23
JPS4957040A (en(2012)) 1974-06-03
DE2326201B2 (de) 1979-09-06
DE2326201A1 (de) 1974-01-03
FR2188257B1 (en(2012)) 1978-08-04
FI51945B (en(2012)) 1977-01-31
FR2188257A1 (en(2012)) 1974-01-18
SE403131B (sv) 1978-07-31
FI51945C (fi) 1977-05-10
JPS5525236B2 (en(2012)) 1980-07-04

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