US3919123A - Resistors for ignition plugs - Google Patents
Resistors for ignition plugs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3919123A US3919123A US406340A US40634073A US3919123A US 3919123 A US3919123 A US 3919123A US 406340 A US406340 A US 406340A US 40634073 A US40634073 A US 40634073A US 3919123 A US3919123 A US 3919123A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- percent
- resistor
- resistors
- oxide
- glass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- DDSPUNTXKUFWTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tin(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Sn+4] DDSPUNTXKUFWTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 66
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006854 communication Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Bi]O[Bi]=O WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Sn]=O QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- AHBGXHAWSHTPOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,2$l^{4},4$l^{4}-dioxadistibetane 2,4-dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb](=O)=O AHBGXHAWSHTPOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000411 antimony tetroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000417 bismuth pentoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013528 metallic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000623 nickel–chromium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 trichromium dioxide Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/40—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other devices
- H01T13/41—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other devices with interference suppressing or shielding means
Definitions
- resistors are 338/66 produced by adding low melting-point glass to the relDl] 3" 1/06 sistor components so that the latter can he made to lssl held of Search "5J3l8: gf l g /s g f s stick together and harden into coherent solid bodies.
- This invention relates to resistors, and more particularly it is concerned with resistors for ignition plugs having a center electrode for internal combustion engines which have resistance values in a range from 3 to 20 k so that they do not disturb the reception of radio and other communication signals.
- a resistor In order to eliminate disturbance of the reception of communication signals, it is required that a resistor should have a resistance value which is in a range from 3 to kfl. both at normal temperature and when heated and its temperature is raised up to 400C.
- ignition plugs Since ignition plugs must be capable of resisting heat and withstanding high voltages, ignition plugs which have hitherto been favored are those of the conductively sealed type in which particles of electrically conductive materials are caused to stick together and harden into a coherent solid body by using heat resistant low melting-point glass.
- resistor components such as metallic particles (copper, iron, nickel or nickel-chromium alloys), particles of carbon and the like or praticles of metallic oxides of low resistance (zinc oxide, barium oxide, trichromium dioxide, nickel oxide and the like) are added with glass particles of low melting point, such as borosilicate glass, and the mixture is heated to a temperature above the melting point of the glass so that the electrode may be sealed by force adhesion and the glass sealed body may serve as a resistor.
- metallic particles copper, iron, nickel or nickel-chromium alloys
- particles of carbon and the like praticles of metallic oxides of low resistance (zinc oxide, barium oxide, trichromium dioxide, nickel oxide and the like)
- glass particles of low melting point such as borosilicate glass
- resistors of this type for ignition plugs produced as aforementioned are low in resistance value, with their resistivity values being below 0.01 kQ-cm. Such resistors of low resistance values are not effective in preventing noise production even if they are inserted in ignition plugs, because their resistance values are below 0.l H2.
- the resistance values of the resistors may be increased if the proportion of glass is increased. However, a slight change in the proportion of glass causes a great change in the values of resistivity of the resistors as from 0.01 to 1,000 kfl-cm to take place. Thus such resistors do not lend themselves to production on a commercial basis. Also, resistors of increased resistance values for ignition plugs which might be produced by increasing the production of glass in the resistors would be of little practical value because they are structurally unstable with the resistor components being scattered in the glass.
- This invention has as its object the provision of resistors for ignition plugs made of novel resistor compositions so that the resistors have high resistance values ranging from 3 to 20 k!) and are highly effective in preventing noise production.
- resistors for ignition plugs comprising as resistance material 4 to 22 percent by weight bismuth oxide, 70.2 to percent by weight tin oxide and 0.8 to 9.6 percent by weight antimony oxide, such resistor components being added with low meltingpoint glass so that the former can be made to stick together and harden into coherent solid bodies.
- FIG. 1 to FIG. 6 are diagrams illustrating the results of experiments, FIG. 1 showing changes (in percent) in resistance value in relation to the proportion of antimony oxide before and after sparking of binary resistor compositions comprising tin oxide and antimony oxide in varying proportion and added with glass to cause them to stick together and harden and thus make the resistor;
- FIG. 2 showing the resistivity values of binary resistor compositions comprising tin oxide and antimony oxide in varying proportion in relation to the proportion of antimony oxide in such resistor compositions;
- FIG. 3 showing the resistivity values of the resistors according to the invention in relation to sparking time
- FIG. 4 showing the resistivity values of the resistors shown in FIG. 3 in relation to temperature
- FIG. 5 showing the values of resistance and resistivity of the resistors in relation to the proportion of bismuth oxide in the resistor compositions
- FIG. 6 showing the resistivity values of the resistors in relation to the proportion of glass in the resistors
- FIG. 7 is a sectional front view of an ignition plug in which one of the resistors according to the invention is sealed.
- FIG. 8 is a sectional front view of an ignition plug in which another resistor according to the invention is arranged in the form of a rod.
- the resistors for ignition plugs according to the invention comprise bismuth oxide, tin oxide and antimony oxide which are made to stick together and harden by adding low melting-point glass thereto.
- bismuth trioxide or bismuth pentoxide is used as bismuth oxide, tin monoxide or tin dioxide as tin oxide and antimony trioxide or antimony tetroxide as antimony oxide.
- Borosilicate glass is used as low melting-point glass.
- the mixture produced is granulated and filled in a predetermined amount in an axial bore formed in an insulator 4 above a center electrode 3 as shown in FIG. 7. Then an inner shaft 1 is inserted in the axial bore from above and heated at 850C for 30 minutes. Thereafter pressure is applied to the inner shaft 1 so that the granulated mixture may be sealed in the axial bore by heat and pressure. After the mixture is fixed and cooled, it serves as a resistor 2, wherein, is a housing, and 6 a grounded electrode.
- the resistor produced as aforementioned and interposed between the inner shaft 1 and enter electrode 3 performs not only the function of preventing disturbance of the reception of communication signals but also the functions by securing the center electrode and inner shaft to the insulator 4 in airtight relationship.
- Such resistor has been found to have a resistance value of k0. at normal temperature and 9 k0 when heated to 400C. Tests conducted on airtightness show that the resistor is free from leak even under a pressure of kglcm.
- the ignition plug having the resistor 2 was attached to a motor vehicle engine and tested. The results show that the provision of the resistor 2 is effective in minimizing noise production which might otherwise occur when a conventional ignition plug having no resistor is employed.
- FIG. 8 another resistor according to the invention is arranged in the form of a rod-shaped solid in the axial bore of the insulator 4'.
- the center electrode 3 inserted in the lower end portion of the axial bore of the insulator 4' is sealed by a conventional highly conductive material 7.
- a metallic conductor 9 is secured to the upper portion of the material 7, and a spring 8 is mounted on the metallic conductor 9.
- the resistor 2' according to the invention is interposed between the spring 8 and the inner shaft 1'.
- the inner shaft 1' is threaded into the axial bore of the insulator 4 to hold the resistor 2' in place.
- the resistor 2' arranged as aforementioned need not perform the function of securing the electrode 3 and inner shaft 1 to the insulator 4 in airtight relationship as is the case with the resistor 2 shown in H0. 7.
- the aforementioned resistors comprise 60 percent of a ternary resistor composition comprising 85.5 percent tin dioxide, 4.5 percent antimony trioxide and 10 percent bismuth trioxide and 40 percent of glass.
- the resistors according to the invention comprise as resistance material 4 to 22 percent by weight bismuth oxide, 70.2 to 95 percent by weight tin oxide and 0.8 to 9.6 percent by weight antimony oxide, such resistor components being sintered (made to stick together and harden) by adding low melting-point glass thereto.
- any ignition plug in order that any ignition plug may be stable is performance or changes in resistance shown by the resistor in the ignition plug may be minimized in spite of repeated sparking, it is required that tin oxide and antimony oxide should be in a predetermined portion to each other. Stated differently, 100 percent of the mixture of the two, antimony oxide should be 10 to 1 percent. It has been found that, when antimony oxide is below 1 percent, the resistor is unstable in performance. When it is above 1 percent, the resistor is highly stable in performance. However, when it is above 10 percent, air bubbles are formed and tend to invade the glass phase when the resistor components are made to stick together and harden by adding glass to them, thereby producing a resistor unfit for practical use.
- bismuth oxide is added in an amount such that, when the mixture of tin oxide and antimony oxide is 78 to 96 percent by weight in I00 percent of the resistor composition, bismuth oxide is 22 to 4 percent by weight.
- the resistors according to the invention comprise as resistance material 4 to 22 percent by weight bismuth oxide, (70.2 to 95 percent by weight tin oxide and 0.8 to 9.6 percent by weight antimony oxide for the aforementioned reasons.
- the ratio of the low melting glass to the ternary resistor composition was 40:60. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to this proportion and that the proportion may be varied.
- ratio of the resistor composition to the low melting-point glass is 50:50 to :10. It has been found that, when the glass is over 50 percent, it invades particles of the resistor composition and increases the resistance value of the resistor. Also, a slight change in the amount of glass in proportion to that of a resistor composition results in a great change in the resistance value of the resistor, thereby making it difficult to produce resistors of desired resistance values (See FIG. 6).
- the glass is preferably over 10 percent so as to be able to satisfactorily cause particles of resistor composition to stick together. When the resistor is sealed in the ignition plug as shown in FlG. 7, it is desirable that the glass should be over 20 percent in order that the ignition plug may be kept airtight.
- Any resistor according to the invention can be used with an ignition plug by arranging it in one of three different positions: inserted in the ignition plug and sealed in between the center electrode and inner shaft; inserted in the ignition plug in the form of a solid body; and mounted in a high voltage wire of the ignition circuit outside the ignition plug.
- the resistor 2 When a resistor is inserted in an ignition plug, the resistor 2 is sealed in, as described previously with reference to FIG. 7, between the center electrode 3 and the inner shaft 1 by force adhesion so that they are connected together.
- the resistor thus performs not only the function of preventing disturbance of the reception of communication signals but also the functions of passing a current between the electrode 3 and center shaft 1 and securing them to the insulator 4 in airtight relationship.
- the resistor is interposed between the spring 8 and inner shaft 1' as described with reference to FIG. 8. The resistor thus need not perform the function of airtight sealing.
- the present invention provides resistors comprising three resistor components bismuth oxide, tin oxide and antimony oxide and produced by adding low melting-point glass to the resistor components so that the latter can be made to stick together and harden into coherent solid bodies.
- tin oxide and antimony oxide are first mixed together and heated to elevated temperature to cause them to react with each other.
- Bismuth oxide is then added to the mixture and heated to elevated temperature again so that they may react with each other and may be shaped into minuscule particulate form.
- Borosilicate glass or other low melting-point glass is added to the ternary resistor composition in minuscule particulate form, and then polyvinyl alcohol or other binder is added to the mixture. The mixture is thoroughly mixed so that it may be rendered homogeneous.
- the mixture is filled in an ignition plug or mold and heated to elevated temperature to soften the glass, and then cooled to provide a coherent solid body which is used as a resistor.
- the mixture is filled in the ignition plug, it is filled between the center electrode 3 and inner shaft 1 as shown in FIG. 7 as is the case with a conventional sealed resistor. Then pressure is applied to the inner shaft 1 so as to bond the resistor to the center electrode and inner shaft by force adhesion, thereby producing an ignition plug including the resistor 2 interposed between the inner shaft 1 and center electrode 3 as shown in FIG. 7.
- the mixture filled in a cylindrical mold or other mold is subjected to successive heating and cooling. Thus a rod-like resistor of columnar or other shape is produced.
- This resistor is inserted between the conductor 9 electrically connected to the center electrode 3' and inner shaft 1 as indicated at 2' in FIG. 8.
- FIG. 1 shows the results of experiments conducted on the stability of resistor compositions of the binary system comprising tin oxide and antimony oxide.
- Binary resistor compositions comprising tin oxide and antimony oxide in varying proportion were sintered by using low melting-point glass to provide binary resistors of rod shape.
- the binary resistors were each inserted in the form of a solid body in an ignition plug and tested by the method of testing the life of loaded resistors of JISDS I02 (Japanese Industrial Standard 5 I02).
- FIG. I there are shown the results of tests carried out to find out changes (in percent) in the values of resistance of the aforementioned binary resistors before sparking and after sparking for 250 hours.
- the changes in the values of resistance (in percent) are plotted as the ordinates against the proportion of antimony oxide in the binary resistors comprising tin oxide and antimony oxide as the abscissae.
- FIG. 2 shows the values of resistivity of binary resistor compositions produced by causing tin oxide to react with antimony oxide.
- the values of resistivity (kn-cm) are plotted as the ordinates against the proportion of antimony oxide as the abscissae in FIG. 2 in which the ordinates are in a logarithmic scale and the abscissae are in a uniform scale. It will be seen in FIG. 2 that, when the proportion of antimony oxide in the resistor compositions was below 10 percent, the values of resistivity of the binary resistors made of binary resistor compositions comprising of tin oxide and antimony oxide were very low or below 0.00007 kQ-cm.
- FIG. 3 shows the results of tests carried out on resistors produced by mixing the aforementioned ternary resistor compositions comprising tin oxide, antimony oxide and bismuth oxide with borosilicate glass in equal proportion by the method of testing the life of loaded motor vehicle ignition plugs having resistors of J ISDS I02.
- the method consists in determining the values of resistivity (kn-cm) of the resistors after causing the same to spark for a predetermined time interval.
- the values of resistivity are plotted as the ordinates against time in hours in which sparking was effected as the abscissae.
- the values of resistivity of the resistors show almost no change in spite of prolonged sparking, indicating that they are excellent resistors.
- FIG. 4 shows the results of tests carried out on the aforementioned resistors comprising ternary resistor compositions by the method of heating motor vehicle ignition plugs having resistors of JISDSIOZ.
- the values of resistivity (kn-cm) are plotted as the ordinates against the temperature (C) of the resistors as the abscissae.
- the R in the figure indicates that the resistors are cooled to normal temperature after being heated to determine the values of resistivity.
- the ordinates are in a logarithmic scale and the abscissae are in a uniform scale.
- resistors tested show little change in the values of resistivity even when heated to elevated temperature. It is thus evident that the resistors made of ternary resistor compositions for ignition plugs according to the invention meet the requirement of .IISDSIOZ that the values of resistance should be within 1 30 percent of the rated resistance value.
- the resistors used for the tests shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 were of columnar shape and had the same size.
- EXAMPLE 2 The values of resistance and resistivity of resistors made of ternary resistor compositions comprising bismuth oxide as a third component will now be described with reference to FIG. 5 in which the values of resistance (kfl) and the corresponding values of resistivity (kfl-cm) of the resistors are plotted as the ordinates against the proportion of bismuth oxide in the resistor compositions as the abscissae.
- lines a, b and c are followd by resistors comprising tin oxide and antimony oxide in varying proportion as presently to be described, with each line representing the values of resistivity and resistance of resistors made of ternary resistor compositions comprising the aforementioned two components in a predetermined proportion and a third component or bismuth oxide in varying proportion and made to stick together by adding low melting-point glass thereto. That is, the line a represents the values of resistance (and resistivity) of resistors for ignition plugs made of a binary resistor composition comprising 99 percent tin oxide and 1 percent antimony oxide added with bismuth oxide in varying proportion and prepared by mixing 60 percent of each of such ternary resistor compositions with 40 percent low melting-point glass.
- the line b represents the values of resistance of resistors for ignition plugs made of a binary resistor composition comprising 95 percent tin oxide and 5 percent antimony oxide added with bismuth oxide in varying proportion and prepared by mixing 60 percent of each of such ternary resistor compositions with 40 percent low melting-point glass.
- the line c represents the value of resistance of resistors for ignition plugs made of a binary resistor composition comprising 90 percent tin oxide and percent antimony oxide added with bismuth oxide in varying proportion and prepared by mixing 60 percent of each of such ternary resistor compositions with 40 percent low melting-point glass. All the resistors used in this series of tests were of rod shape and had a length of 2.2 millimeters and a diameter of 3 millimeters.
- the values of resistance increased proportionally as the proportion of bismuth oxide in the resistor compositions increased, and that this tendency was not affected by the differences in proportion between tin oxide and antimony oxide in the resistor compositions.
- FIG. 5 it will be evident that one has only to increase the proportion of bismuth oxide in the resistor compositions over 4 percent if it is desired to increase the values of resistance over 3 It (I. It will also be evident that one has only to reduce the proportion of bismuth oxide in the resistor composi tions below 22 percent if it is desired to reduce the values of resistance of the resistors of line 0 below k0.
- FIG. 6 indicates that the values of resistance of resistors undergo a change when the ratio of low meltingpoint glass to a resistor compositions is varied.
- the values of resistivity (kO-cm) -cm) are plotted as the ordinates against the proportion of glass added to the resistor composition as the abscissae.
- the resistor composition used in this series of tests was made up of 90.25 percent tin oxide, 4.75 percent antimony oxide and 5 percent bismuth oxide.
- Such ternary resistor composition and borosilicate glass were mixed with each other in varying proportion and heated to about 850C to produce rod-shaped resistors. The resistors produced were tested for their resistivity.
- the resistors for ignition plugs according to the invention are produced by sintering resistor compositions comprising 4 to 22 percent by weight bismuth oxide, 70.2 to 95 percent by weight tin oxide and 0.8 to 9.6 percent by weight antimony oxide by adding low melting-point glass to the resistor components.
- the resistors provided by the invention have resistance values ranging from 3 to 20 k!) which are necessary for preventing noise production.
- the invention permits the values of resistivity of binary resistor compositions comprising tin oxide and antimony oxide to be greatly increased from below lOQ-cm to l00l0,000fl-cm by adding a small proportion of bismuth oxide as a third component to the binary resistor compositions.
- the resistance values of the resistors according to the invention can be increased without requiring to take the trouble to increase the proportion of glass.
- This offers added advantages in that the resistors show little variation in resistance value and their structural stability is high, and that the values of resistivity of the resistors can be varied readily by adjusting the proportion of the bismuth oxide added to the binary resistor compositions to a suitable level.
- the resistors are low in cost because the bismuth oxide added used as the third component of the resistor is low in cost.
- a resistor for an ignition plug consisting of 50 to percent by weight of a resistance material and 50 to 10 percent by weight of low melting glass, the resistance material comprising 4 to 22 percent by weight of bismuth oxide, 70.2 to percent by weight of tin oxide, and 0.8 to 9.6 percent by weight of antimony oxide, the components of said resistance material being adhered together and hardened into a coherent solid body by said low softening glass.
- a resistor according to claim 1, wherein said oxide is 90 percent by weight tin oxide, 5 percent by weight antimony oxide and 5 percent by weight bismuth oxide.
- a resistor according to claim I wherein said glass is 20 to 50 percent by weight of the total of glass and resistance material.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Non-Adjustable Resistors (AREA)
- Spark Plugs (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP47109724A JPS5228239B2 (cs) | 1972-11-01 | 1972-11-01 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3919123A true US3919123A (en) | 1975-11-11 |
Family
ID=14517605
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US406340A Expired - Lifetime US3919123A (en) | 1972-11-01 | 1973-10-15 | Resistors for ignition plugs |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3919123A (cs) |
JP (1) | JPS5228239B2 (cs) |
CA (1) | CA1013937A (cs) |
GB (1) | GB1445463A (cs) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4280931A (en) * | 1979-08-14 | 1981-07-28 | Zenith Radio Corporation | Method and composition for electrically resistive material for television cathode ray tubes |
US20070293064A1 (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-20 | Dennis Steinhardt | Spark plug boot |
CN114716237A (zh) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-07-08 | 璟密(南京)电子科技有限公司 | 一种无机实心电阻 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2490825A (en) * | 1946-02-01 | 1949-12-13 | Corning Glass Works | Electrically conducting refractory compositions |
US3502597A (en) * | 1967-06-28 | 1970-03-24 | Corhart Refractories Co | Method of improving the electrical conductivity of sintered tin oxide electrodes |
US3567658A (en) * | 1967-12-21 | 1971-03-02 | Gen Motors Corp | Resistor composition |
US3805114A (en) * | 1972-03-01 | 1974-04-16 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Voltage-nonlinear resistors |
-
1972
- 1972-11-01 JP JP47109724A patent/JPS5228239B2/ja not_active Expired
-
1973
- 1973-10-15 US US406340A patent/US3919123A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1973-10-19 GB GB4891473A patent/GB1445463A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-10-29 CA CA184,458A patent/CA1013937A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2490825A (en) * | 1946-02-01 | 1949-12-13 | Corning Glass Works | Electrically conducting refractory compositions |
US3502597A (en) * | 1967-06-28 | 1970-03-24 | Corhart Refractories Co | Method of improving the electrical conductivity of sintered tin oxide electrodes |
US3567658A (en) * | 1967-12-21 | 1971-03-02 | Gen Motors Corp | Resistor composition |
US3805114A (en) * | 1972-03-01 | 1974-04-16 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Voltage-nonlinear resistors |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4280931A (en) * | 1979-08-14 | 1981-07-28 | Zenith Radio Corporation | Method and composition for electrically resistive material for television cathode ray tubes |
US20070293064A1 (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-20 | Dennis Steinhardt | Spark plug boot |
US7455537B2 (en) | 2006-06-16 | 2008-11-25 | Briggs & Stratton Corporation | Spark plug boot |
CN114716237A (zh) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-07-08 | 璟密(南京)电子科技有限公司 | 一种无机实心电阻 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1445463A (en) | 1976-08-11 |
CA1013937A (en) | 1977-07-19 |
JPS5228239B2 (cs) | 1977-07-25 |
JPS4967030A (cs) | 1974-06-28 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3923698A (en) | Resistors for ignition plugs | |
DE2020016C3 (de) | Metallschichtzündmittel | |
EP0303353A1 (en) | Metallized glass seal resistor composition | |
CA1044346A (en) | Composition resistor with an integral thermal fuse | |
DE2418261B2 (de) | Funkenstreckenbauelement fuer zuendanlagen von brennkaftmaschinen | |
US4329924A (en) | Electric primer with conductive composition | |
US3919123A (en) | Resistors for ignition plugs | |
US3915721A (en) | Resistor for spark plug | |
DE2816358A1 (de) | Elektrischer widerstand auf glasbasis | |
US5304894A (en) | Metallized glass seal resistor composition | |
US2459282A (en) | Resistor and spabk plug embodying | |
US2159791A (en) | Spark plug | |
US4180483A (en) | Method for forming zinc oxide-containing ceramics by hot pressing and annealing | |
US2508354A (en) | Spark plug or the like | |
US3915899A (en) | Resistors for ignition plugs | |
US2360287A (en) | Method of making spark plugs | |
JP3075528B2 (ja) | スパークプラグ及び内燃機関用点火システム | |
US3509072A (en) | Non-linear,voltage variable electrical resistor | |
EP0170975A1 (en) | Spark plug | |
US8963406B2 (en) | Spark plug | |
US2988662A (en) | Spark plug with improved auxiliary spark gap | |
US3349275A (en) | Spark plug with a conductive glass seal electrode of glass, copper and zinc | |
US3737718A (en) | Ignition noise suppression center electrode assembly for spark plugs | |
US2906907A (en) | Process for the manufacture of low tension sparking plugs | |
JP2002536816A (ja) | 点火プラグに使用されるコンタクトグラス配合物 |