US3917110A - Stopper rod having fibrous protective sleeve - Google Patents

Stopper rod having fibrous protective sleeve Download PDF

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Publication number
US3917110A
US3917110A US483445A US48344574A US3917110A US 3917110 A US3917110 A US 3917110A US 483445 A US483445 A US 483445A US 48344574 A US48344574 A US 48344574A US 3917110 A US3917110 A US 3917110A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
sleeve
stopper rod
nozzle
refractory material
molten metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US483445A
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English (en)
Inventor
Asahi Kiguchi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Foseco International Ltd
Original Assignee
Foseco International Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Foseco International Ltd filed Critical Foseco International Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3917110A publication Critical patent/US3917110A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/14—Closures
    • B22D41/16—Closures stopper-rod type, i.e. a stopper-rod being positioned downwardly through the vessel and the metal therein, for selective registry with the pouring opening

Definitions

  • a commonly practiced method of molten metal handling consists in pouring molten metal into a container provided with a nozzle set in the base of the container, the molten metal being discharged by opening the nozzle by raising a stopper rod.
  • stopper rods are normally formed of a central steel shaft clad with a number of refractory sections, e.g. refractory cylinders.
  • in ladle ingots, molten metal is generally poured into a ladle provided with such a stopper rod, and then poured into one or more ingot moulds from a nozzle located in the base of the ladel.
  • metal is fed into a tundish and this may also be provided with a stopper rod and nozzle assembly in similar fashion to a ladle.
  • Suitable apparatus is provided associated with the ladle or tundish to enable the stopper rod to be moved towards and away from the nozzle to close off metal flow or allow the metal to flow out from the nozzle.
  • the sleeves on the steel shaft forming the stopper rod are usually made of bonded graphite or chamotte.
  • the stopper rod becomes stuck and can only be released with considerable force. Even if such release is achieved, the nozzle may be difficult to rec'lose because the metal which has solidified tends to adhere to the nozzle or to the stopper rod and to make it difficult to mate them together sealingly.
  • Japanese Pat. Publication No. 23253/73 proposes covering the end of a stopper rod with a fragile covering material. Such materials are difficult to handle and necessitate the operation of applying the material to the end of the stopper rod.
  • molten metal handling wherein molten metal is discharged from a nozzle set in the base of a vessel by raising a stopper rod therefrom, wherein the stopper rod is covered by a sleeve closely fitted on the end of the rod and contacting the nozzle, the sleeve being formed of a composition comprising by weight, 45 94% particulate refractory material, 5 50% fibrous refractory material and l 15% binder.
  • the accompanying drawing shows a section through a nozzle and stopper rod assembly set in a ladle for use in molten metal handling according to the present invention.
  • a molten metal ladle consists down a metal casing l lined with refractory bricks 3.
  • a nozzle 2 made of high quality refractory material.
  • the upper end of the nozzle is closed by the engagement therewith of a stopper rod formed of a central steel shaft 7, a number of refractory sleeves 6 and a refractory head 4.
  • the refractory head and the lowest of the sleeves 6 are surrounded by a sleeve 5 formed of a composition as set forth above.
  • the sleeve 5 should extend at least as far downn as to contact the nozzle piece 2 and it may extend right round the nozzle head 4.
  • gaps 8 and 10 Normally, without the use of sleeve 5, metal tends to solidify in gaps 8 and 10.
  • these gaps are provided on one side with a layer of refractory heat insulating material constituted by the sleeve 5, which aids in reducing heat loss from molten metal flowing into those gaps, and on the other hand, sleeve 5 provides an intermediate sealing gasket between the head 4 and nozzle 2.
  • the material of sleeve 5 contains fibrous refractory material and granular refractory material bonded by means of a binder to form a monolithic body, which is of good heat insulating properties and which does not readily burn or collapse.
  • This sleeve does not absorb the heat of the molten metal very rapidly and keeps its shape for a comparatively long time.
  • molten metal which penetrates between sleeve 5 and the refractory brickwork does not readily solidify and the stopper rod can normally be moved without difficulty.
  • the surface of the materials of sleeve 5 is generally not wet by molten metal and accordingly there is little tendency for adherence of metal thereto or for build-up of residues thereon.
  • particulate refractory material may be selected from silica, alumina, refractory silicates, chamotte, quartz, magnesia, diatomaceous earth and other like particulate refractor materials used in the foundry and metallurgical industries. Mixtures of two or more of these materials may be used.
  • the sleeve contains less than 45% by weight of such particulate refractory material, the sleeve tends to be fused by the action of the molten metal. If more than 94% of particulate refractory material were used, the sleeve would be of poor stability owing to too low a content of fibre and binder.
  • the fibrous refractory material in the sleeve may be asbestos, slag wool, rock wool, glass wool, aluminium silicate fibre, calcium silicate fibre or other similar refractory fibre. Mixtures of two or more kinds of fibre may be used. If less than 5% by weight of fibre were used in the sleeve, the heat insulation of the sleeve would be insufficient, and the sleeve would not hold together sufficiently well, i.e., it would be too fragile. If more than 50% by weight of such fibres were included, the sleeve would be liable to melting on contact with the molten metal.
  • binding agents may be used to consolidate the sleeves used in the present invention.
  • inorganic binding agents such as colloidal silica sol, colloidal alumina sol, sodium silicate, potassium silicate and fireclay may be used as well as organic binders such as starches, resins such as phenol-formaldehyde, ureaformaldehyde and furane resins and vinyl-acetatecontaining polymers.
  • organic binders such as starches, resins such as phenol-formaldehyde, ureaformaldehyde and furane resins and vinyl-acetatecontaining polymers.
  • Mixtures of two or more binding agents may be used, and the binding agent is preferably present in a proportion of 4 by weight.
  • the sleeves may also contain up to 10% by weight of fibrous organic material, for example, paper pulp, waste paper, chopped synthetic staple fibre or the like. Not more than 10% of such organic fibrous material should be included since any inclusion above this level leads to sleeves which are easily destroyed due to attack by the molten metal and sleeves which have poor strength.
  • fibrous organic material for example, paper pulp, waste paper, chopped synthetic staple fibre or the like.
  • the sleeves used to fit over the end of the stopper rod may be made by any convenient method.
  • the preferred method of forming such sleeves is to make a slurry of the ingredients, generally containing 10 by weight solids, and to dewater suitable quantities of such slurry on a mesh mould or pattern under the action of pressure. On dewatering, a damp shape of size and dimensions corresponding to the perforate mould is formed and this may then be dried and fitted over the end of the stopper rod.
  • a suitable size it may be made a push or press fit over the end of the rod.
  • silica 75% by weight slag wool 10% asbestos 10% phenol-formaldehyde resin 5% The above mixture was mixed into an homogeneous slurry by diluting it with about four times its weight of water.
  • the slurry was made into a sleeve shape by employing suction to deposit it onto a perforated pattern. Then the formed shape was dried for about four hours at approximately 180C.
  • the covering material thus made fitted the external end shape of a refractory stopper rod.
  • the lower part of the sleeve touched the noz- 4 zle of the container at its upper end and the sleeve was 30 mm in thickness. 1
  • the covering material was put on the stopper rod of a ton capacity ladle used to make steel ingots. In use the initial operation of the stopper rod could be smoothly done without any difficulty. The closure of the nozzle during pouring was perfect and there was no molten metal leakage. Inspection of the stopper rod and the nozzle after use showed little damage to either and the heat insulating sleeve maintained almost its original form.
  • Example 1 silica 55% by weight alumina 14% slag wool 14% vinyl-acetate resin 1% phenol-formaldehyde resin 3% flreclay l0% pulp of paper 3%
  • the above mixture was made into a covering material in the same way as Example 1.
  • the shape and dimensions were almost the same as Example 1.
  • Example. 1 The use of it in the same way as Example. 1 showed almost the same results as Example 1. After use, there was found little damage on either the stopper rod or the nozzle and the covering material maintained almost its original form.
  • the above mixture was made into a covering material in the same way as Examples 1 and 2. It fitted the external form of a stopper rod and was closed at its lower end. The thickness was 35 mm.
  • the covering material was put on a stopper rod of a tundish for continuous casting and was used for about two hours continuously. The initial operation of the stopper rod was smooth and the closing of the nozzle during pouring was perfect.
  • the improvement which comprises providing on the stopper rod a covering sleeve, closely fitted on the end of the rod and contacting the nozzle, the sleeve being formed of a heat-insulating composition which resists thermal disintegration, said sleeve consisting essentially of, by weight, 45 94% particulate refractory material, 5 50% fibrous refractory material and I 15% by weight binder.
  • composition of the sleeve includes up to by weight of fibrous organic material.
  • apparatus for handling molten metal which includes a vessel having a molten-metal discharge nozzle and longitudinally movable stopper rod having an inner end disposed in the vessel for opening and closing the inner end of the nozzle, the improvement comprising a refractory, heat-insulating, non-disintegrating sleeve push-fitted over the inner end of the stopper rod so as to be engageable with the nozzle, said sleeve being nonwetted by the molten metal and being constructed essentially of, be weight, 4594% particulate refractory material and 5-50% fibrous refractory material bonded together with 1-1 5% by weight binder to form a monolithic body.
  • the particulate refractory material is selected from the group consisting of silica, alumina, refractory silicates, chamotte, quartz, magnesia, diatomaceous earth and mixtures threof, wherein the fibrous refractory material is selected from the group consisting of asbestos, slag wool, rock wool, glass wool, aluminium silicate fibre, calcium silicate fibre and mixtures thereof, and wherein the binder is selected from the group consisting of colloidal silica sol, colloidal alumina sol, sodium silicate, potassium silicate, fireclay, starches, resins and vinyl-acetate-containing polymers.
  • stopper rod is constructed of a central metal rod surrounded by a relatively thick layer of refractory material and wherein said sleeve is substantially thinner than said layer.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
US483445A 1973-08-22 1974-06-26 Stopper rod having fibrous protective sleeve Expired - Lifetime US3917110A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP48094622A JPS5044125A (fr) 1973-08-22 1973-08-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3917110A true US3917110A (en) 1975-11-04

Family

ID=14115339

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US483445A Expired - Lifetime US3917110A (en) 1973-08-22 1974-06-26 Stopper rod having fibrous protective sleeve

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3917110A (fr)
JP (1) JPS5044125A (fr)
BR (1) BR7406871D0 (fr)
CA (1) CA1026529A (fr)
DE (1) DE2439963C3 (fr)
FR (1) FR2241364B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1442704A (fr)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4014531A (en) * 1974-05-15 1977-03-29 Aikoh Co., Ltd. Tundish for the continuous casting of steel
US4042229A (en) * 1975-06-17 1977-08-16 Foseco Trading A.G. Tundish with weirs
US4043543A (en) * 1976-05-19 1977-08-23 Foseco Trading A.G. Tundish with weirs
US4359022A (en) * 1979-08-02 1982-11-16 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Valve for an internal combustion engine
US4469309A (en) * 1982-02-09 1984-09-04 Aikoh Co., Ltd. Core for blow-forming the lining of vessel for molten metal, a lining method using said core, and a lining composition used in said lining method
US4566614A (en) * 1982-10-15 1986-01-28 Frykendahl Bjoern Casting nozzle
US4623131A (en) * 1981-12-24 1986-11-18 Foseco Trading A.G. Molten metal handling vessels
US4623130A (en) * 1982-08-13 1986-11-18 Brueckner Raimund Refractory member formed of fiber material for use in sliding closure unit
US4696455A (en) * 1984-10-30 1987-09-29 Consolidated Ceramic Products, Inc. Zircon and MgO preheatable insulating refractory liners and methods of use thereof
US4703022A (en) * 1984-10-30 1987-10-27 Consolidated Ceramic Products, Inc. Alumina and MgO preheatable insulating refractory liners and methods of use thereof
US4869468A (en) * 1984-10-30 1989-09-26 Consolidated Ceramic Products, Inc. Alumina and MgO preheatable insulating refractory liners and methods of using
US5413744A (en) * 1991-08-05 1995-05-09 Didier-Werke Ag Process for inductive heating of ceramic shaped parts
US6009843A (en) * 1997-10-22 2000-01-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Fiber reinforced, titanium composite engine valve
GB2407287A (en) * 2003-10-24 2005-04-27 Pyrotek Engineering Materials Stopper rod made from reinforced ceramic
CN103398587A (zh) * 2013-08-22 2013-11-20 重庆东热工业炉有限公司 一种保温炉
WO2018002098A1 (fr) * 2016-06-30 2018-01-04 Refratechnik Holding Gmbh Corps moulé réfractaire thermo-isolant, en particulier plaque, son procédé de fabrication et son utilisation
US10487224B2 (en) * 2016-06-06 2019-11-26 Unifrax I, Llc Refractory coating material containing low biopersistent fibers and method for making the same

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2333599A1 (fr) * 1975-12-02 1977-07-01 Daussan Henri Dispositif a element tubulaire pour la coulee des metaux fondus
FR2357318A1 (fr) * 1976-07-06 1978-02-03 Daussan Jean Dispositif pour l'obturation de l'orifice de coulee d'un recipient pour le transvasement d'un metal en fusion
DE2646707C3 (de) * 1976-10-13 1984-01-26 Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf Tauchausguß aus feuerfestem Werkstoff für das Stranggießen von Stahl
GB2123726A (en) * 1982-07-01 1984-02-08 James Menzies Thornton Ladle etc. stopper
US4471950A (en) * 1982-10-22 1984-09-18 Labate M D Expandable, consumable stopper plug for steel making and handling vessels
JPS6052052U (ja) * 1983-09-12 1985-04-12 明智セラミツクス株式会社 連続鋳造装置のタンディッシュ用ストッパ−

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3124854A (en) * 1964-03-17 James
US3398945A (en) * 1965-12-09 1968-08-27 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Molten material furnace hole closures
US3464598A (en) * 1968-04-26 1969-09-02 Globe Refractories Inc Ladle valve
US3540627A (en) * 1968-03-14 1970-11-17 William V Armstead Drain seal for metal receptacles
US3586218A (en) * 1968-05-21 1971-06-22 Foseco Int Molten metal handling

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4840633A (fr) * 1971-09-30 1973-06-14

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3124854A (en) * 1964-03-17 James
US3398945A (en) * 1965-12-09 1968-08-27 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Molten material furnace hole closures
US3540627A (en) * 1968-03-14 1970-11-17 William V Armstead Drain seal for metal receptacles
US3464598A (en) * 1968-04-26 1969-09-02 Globe Refractories Inc Ladle valve
US3586218A (en) * 1968-05-21 1971-06-22 Foseco Int Molten metal handling

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4014531A (en) * 1974-05-15 1977-03-29 Aikoh Co., Ltd. Tundish for the continuous casting of steel
US4042229A (en) * 1975-06-17 1977-08-16 Foseco Trading A.G. Tundish with weirs
US4043543A (en) * 1976-05-19 1977-08-23 Foseco Trading A.G. Tundish with weirs
US4359022A (en) * 1979-08-02 1982-11-16 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Valve for an internal combustion engine
US4623131A (en) * 1981-12-24 1986-11-18 Foseco Trading A.G. Molten metal handling vessels
US4469309A (en) * 1982-02-09 1984-09-04 Aikoh Co., Ltd. Core for blow-forming the lining of vessel for molten metal, a lining method using said core, and a lining composition used in said lining method
US4623130A (en) * 1982-08-13 1986-11-18 Brueckner Raimund Refractory member formed of fiber material for use in sliding closure unit
US4566614A (en) * 1982-10-15 1986-01-28 Frykendahl Bjoern Casting nozzle
US4869468A (en) * 1984-10-30 1989-09-26 Consolidated Ceramic Products, Inc. Alumina and MgO preheatable insulating refractory liners and methods of using
US4703022A (en) * 1984-10-30 1987-10-27 Consolidated Ceramic Products, Inc. Alumina and MgO preheatable insulating refractory liners and methods of use thereof
US4696455A (en) * 1984-10-30 1987-09-29 Consolidated Ceramic Products, Inc. Zircon and MgO preheatable insulating refractory liners and methods of use thereof
US5413744A (en) * 1991-08-05 1995-05-09 Didier-Werke Ag Process for inductive heating of ceramic shaped parts
US6009843A (en) * 1997-10-22 2000-01-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Fiber reinforced, titanium composite engine valve
US7165757B2 (en) 2003-10-24 2007-01-23 Pyrotek Incorporated Control pin
US20050116192A1 (en) * 2003-10-24 2005-06-02 Mark Vincent Control pin
GB2407287A (en) * 2003-10-24 2005-04-27 Pyrotek Engineering Materials Stopper rod made from reinforced ceramic
CN103398587A (zh) * 2013-08-22 2013-11-20 重庆东热工业炉有限公司 一种保温炉
CN103398587B (zh) * 2013-08-22 2015-08-12 重庆东热工业炉有限公司 一种保温炉
US10487224B2 (en) * 2016-06-06 2019-11-26 Unifrax I, Llc Refractory coating material containing low biopersistent fibers and method for making the same
WO2018002098A1 (fr) * 2016-06-30 2018-01-04 Refratechnik Holding Gmbh Corps moulé réfractaire thermo-isolant, en particulier plaque, son procédé de fabrication et son utilisation
RU2731235C2 (ru) * 2016-06-30 2020-08-31 Рефратехник Холдинг Гмбх Теплоизоляционное жаропрочное формованное изделие, в частности плита, способ его получения и его применение
US11148973B2 (en) 2016-06-30 2021-10-19 Refratechnik Holding Gmbh Insulating, refractory molded body, especially plate, and process for its manufacture and its usage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR7406871D0 (pt) 1975-09-09
GB1442704A (en) 1976-07-14
DE2439963A1 (de) 1975-03-06
FR2241364B1 (fr) 1976-10-22
FR2241364A1 (fr) 1975-03-21
DE2439963B2 (de) 1980-04-30
JPS5044125A (fr) 1975-04-21
CA1026529A (fr) 1978-02-21
DE2439963C3 (de) 1980-12-18

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