US3914178A - Wear reducing coating - Google Patents
Wear reducing coating Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3914178A US3914178A US435889A US43588974A US3914178A US 3914178 A US3914178 A US 3914178A US 435889 A US435889 A US 435889A US 43588974 A US43588974 A US 43588974A US 3914178 A US3914178 A US 3914178A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- fastener assembly
- metal
- lubricant
- group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 MAGANESE Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 7
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 106
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- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920003223 poly(pyromellitimide-1,4-diphenyl ether) Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical group ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004203 carnauba wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013869 carnauba wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940000425 combination drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007757 hot melt coating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroethylene Natural products ClCC(Cl)Cl UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001247 waspaloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B33/00—Features common to bolt and nut
- F16B33/06—Surface treatment of parts furnished with screw-thread, e.g. for preventing seizure or fretting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
- F16B37/04—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates
- F16B37/044—Nut cages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
- F16B39/28—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by special members on, or shape of, the nut or bolt
- F16B39/284—Locking by means of elastic deformation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
- F16B39/28—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by special members on, or shape of, the nut or bolt
- F16B39/34—Locking by deformable inserts or like parts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S411/00—Expanded, threaded, driven, headed, tool-deformed, or locked-threaded fastener
- Y10S411/914—Coated bolt
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10S411/924—Coupled nut and bolt
- Y10S411/929—Thread lock
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y10S411/924—Coupled nut and bolt
- Y10S411/929—Thread lock
- Y10S411/93—Flowing metal or settable material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S411/00—Expanded, threaded, driven, headed, tool-deformed, or locked-threaded fastener
- Y10S411/924—Coupled nut and bolt
- Y10S411/947—Elastic-gripping action
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12542—More than one such component
- Y10T428/12549—Adjacent to each other
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/12556—Organic component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12903—Cu-base component
- Y10T428/12917—Next to Fe-base component
- Y10T428/12924—Fe-base has 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
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- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12937—Co- or Ni-base component next to Fe-base component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
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- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
- Y10T428/12972—Containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
- Y10T428/12979—Containing more than 10% nonferrous elements [e.g., high alloy, stainless]
Definitions
- Molybdenum dlsulfide or graphlte may be used as the inorganic lubricant and lauric acid or cetyl alcohol may be used as the organic lubricant. 3:099: 3 9 3 De 252/12
- the organic lubricant is optional where the first metal 3,224,967 12/1965 Battista 252/12.2 layer is on one metallic surface and the second metal 3,244,625 4/1966 Silwones 252/28 layer is on the other metallic surface.
- the coating is applied to lock-nut and 1;; f" bolt fasteners to prevent wear or galling over multiple onsa 1 3,729,292 4/1973 Heck 2521122 re cycles 3,791,970 2/ 1974 Tubb 252/ 12 23 Claims, 6 Drawing Figures WEAR REDUCING COATING BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
- the present invention relates to a coating for reducing the wear of two opposable stainless steel surfaces which are in a sliding relationship with one another comprising: a first metal layer; a second metal layer; an inorganic lubricant; and, an organic lubricant.
- the first metal layer is a hard metal layer, i.e., a metal layer having an elastic modulus of about 20,000,000 p.s.i. or higher such as nickel and the alloys thereof, whereas the second metal layer is a soft metal layer, i.e., a metal layer having an elastic modulus of about 17,000,000 p.s.i. or lower such as copper and the alloys thereof.
- the inorganic lubricant comprises molybdenum disulfide, graphite or combinations thereof.
- the organic lubricant may be any organic lubricant known in the art such as high molecular weight aliphatic alcohols and aliphatic acids or the glycerides of such acids; waxes derived from petroleum or other natural sources or blends of such waxes with polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene and the like. Automotive lubricants such as motor oils and greases may also be used as well as the art known silicone oils and silicone greases.
- the use of the organic lubricant is optional where the first metal layer is applied to one metallic surface and the second metal layer is applied to the second metallic surface.
- coatings in accordance with the invention reduce wear between metallic surfaces and have been found to be effective to reduce wear or galling in locknut and bolt fasteners in which the bolt is used under high bolt tension.
- nut and bolt fasteners made from A-286 stainless steel or other stainless steels have a tendency to gall after continued assemblies and reassemblies even when these operations are performed at room temperatures.
- fasteners have a limited reuse, i.e., generally less than 20 on-off cycles.
- such fasteners can be assembled and reassembled without galling for 50 or more reuse cycles.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a lock-nut and bolt each having a coating in accordance with the present invention
- FIG. 2 illustrates a bolt for use in combination with an uncoated lock-nut wherein said bolt has a coating in accordance with the present invention
- FIG. 3 illustrates a frontal elevation in section of an off-set lock-nut having a coating thereon in accordance with the present invention
- FIG. 3A is a plan view of the lock-nut of FIG. 3;
- FIG. 4 illustrates two opposed metallic surfaces one of which is coated in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 5 illustrates two opposed metallic surfaces both of which are coated in accordance with the present invention.
- a self-locking threaded fastener e.g., a lock-nut, comprises a device having means built into a threaded nut to prevent the nut from unloosening during use in an environment where a high degree of vibration is en countered such as in internal combustion engines, aircraft or automotive assemblies.
- locknut is used in applications where constant re-use is required since with prior art lock-nuts and bolts employed in fastening operations and made of high strength materials like A-286 stainless steel only about 10 to 20 reuse or off-on cycles are possible before excessive wear and/or thread damage renders them unsuitable for use, particularly in application where an automatic torque wrench is used to apply a high torque to the nut or bolt to intentionally leave a high residual stress on the bolt and obtain optimum fastening. Examples of such applications are the fastening of access panels for electronic components in aircraft or access panels in turbojet engine assemblies where ordinary maintenance requires regular removal of the panels for replacement or overhaul of components. As can be readily appreciated there would be a considerable advantage in being able to extend the reuse life of locknut and bolt fasteners in such applications.
- the means built in to the lock-nut to prevent the nut from unloosening comprises a friction device that permits the nut to be turned on a bolt with a moderate amount of torque which provides frictional resistance to unloosening when the threaded connection is subject to vibration, and which permits assembly without undue tightening.
- the friction on the nut before it is screwed into a fastening position is generally reflected in the torque values required to screw the nut down into such fastening position and is sufficiently high to keep the lock-nut from unloosening due to vibration when in place.
- the friction means in the lock-nut generally comprises a polymeric washer sealed into the nut such as a polyamide or nylon compound or a polyimide such as Vespel (a trademarked compound produced and sold by E. I.
- Friction means are also provided by crimping or offsetting one end of a nut so that when looking down into the threaded portion of the nut at least one end is in an oval, elliptical, oblate or prolate configuration instead of being ordinarily round.
- Offsetting a nut is generally the method employed for manufacturing locknuts that are to be used in high temperature applications since polymeric materials tend to decompose upon prolongedexposure to temperatures in excess of 500F.
- Either of these friction means i.e., offsetting or the provision of a polymeric washer
- one embodiment comprises providing a coating on the threads of a lock-nut and/or bolt for reducing the wear and maintaining desired friction between the threads of the lock-nut and the threads of the bolt.
- a coating for reducing the wear of two opposable metallic surfaces comprising a first metal layer; a second metal layer; an inorganic lubricant; and, an organic lubricant.
- the aforementioned coating layers are applied to the surfaces of the metal in such a fashion so that the first metal layer is a substrate for the second metal layer or this metal layer is applied to one metallic surface and the second metal layer to the other metallic surface.
- first metal layer is a substrate for the second metal layer it is intended by this expression to indicate that the second metal layer is placed on the first metal layer.
- the inorganic lubricant is placed on the second metal layer whether this second metal layer is placed on the first layer or applied directly to one metallic surface and the first layer to the other metallic surface.
- the organic lubricant is optional when the first metal layer is applied to one metallic surface and the second metal layer is applied to the remaining metallic surface.
- the inorganic lubricant is placed on the second metal layer.
- the organic lubricant is then employed as a final layer by which it is meant that the final layer is placed on either the aforementioned uncoated metallic surface or coated surface or both.
- the first metal layer is a hard metal, i.e., a metal having an elastic modulus of about 20,000,000 p.s.i. and higher (i.e. a range inclusive of and greater than about 20,000,000 p.s.i.) or an elastic modulus in the range of from about 20,000,000 p.s.i. to about 75,000,000 p.s.i.
- the hard metal includes a member selected from the group consisting of the following metals, the elastic modulus of each in p.s.i.
- the second metal layer is a soft metal, i.e., a metal having an elastic modulus of about 17,000,000 p.s.i. and lower (i.e. a range inclusive of and lower than about 17,000,000 p.s.i.) or an elastic modulus in the range of from about 17,000,000 p.s.i. to about 2.5 million p.s.i.
- the soft metal includes a member selected from the group consisting of the following metals, the elastic modulus of each being in p.s.i.
- the inorganic lubricant comprises molybdenum disulfide or graphite, however, molybdenum disulfide is preferred although mixtures of molybdenum disulfide and graphite may also be used.
- the organic lubricant coating layer is a member selected from the group consisting of cetyl alcohol, lauric acid, normally solid paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, carnauba wax, spermacetti wax and blends thereof or blends with polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene and the like.
- the preferred organic lubricants comprise lauric acids, cetyl alcohol, or lauric triglycerides which may be further characterized as aliphatic alcohols or aliphatic acids having about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms and the glycerides, especially the triglycerides of such acids.
- Petroleum based lubricants may also be used such as automotive motor oils and grease.
- Silicone lubricants known in the art may also be used such as silicone oils and silicone greases.
- a bolt 10 is illustrated having coated threads 12 which engage coated threads 14 of a locknut 16 having a Vespel polymeric washer 18, which also engages coated threads 12, and a protective outer washer 20.
- the nutbolt assembly provides securement for such as plates 10a and 10b.
- the coating on threads 12 is a first layer comprising nickel whereas the coating on the threads 14 is a second layer comprising copper which is also a substrate for an inorganic lubricant layer comprising molybdenum disulfide.
- the coated thread 12 and/or coated thread 14 may optionally have an organic lubricant as a final coat.
- a lock-nut and bolt as described in FIG. 1 can be used in a minimum of 50 on-off reuse cycles in a fastening operation where applied torque is sufficient to generate the bolt tension desired for the assembly in question without so galling or wearing the thread surfaces as to render the nut and bolt combination unsuitable for use during such reuse cycles, i.e., exhibiting undue galling.
- the desired friction fit between washer 18 and threads 12 is maintained throughout the 50 reuse cycles.
- P16. 2 illustrates a high strength bolt 22 having coated threads 24 for use in combination with a mating nut, such as a lock-nut.
- the threads 24 having a coating thereon in accord with the present invention in which a first metal layer comprising nickel is coated onto the bolt thread, a second metal layer comprising copper is coated over the first metal layer, an inorganic lubricant comprising molybdenum disulfide is coated over said second metal layer and an organic lubricant comprising cetyl alcohol is applied over the inorganic lubricant.
- Bolts of FIG. 2 when made from such materials as A-286 or other stainless steels and assemblied on plain uncoated nuts of the same material, can be used through 50 reuse cycles without undue galling. Also, if the mating nut is a lock-nut with a nylon of Vespel insert, it continues to give adequate locking torque throughout the 50 reuses.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a lock-nut 26 having threads 28, said lock-nut having been offset by crimping one end thereof 30 so that said offset end 30 is elliptical having one elliptical diameter shorter in length than the round diameter at uncrimped nut portion 32.
- the lock-nut is mounted in channel 34, the sidewalls of which are slotted to receive lock-nut retaining clip 36.
- FIG. 3A is a plan view of nut 26 showing crimped end 30.
- the crimped nut acts as a lock-nut since the shortened elliptical diameter at the crimped end 30 enables the nut to frictionally engage a bolt.
- Threads 28 are coated with a first metal layer com prising nickel, said first metal layer being coated in turn with a second metal layer comprising copper, said sec ond metal layer in turn being coated with an inorganic lubricant comprising molybdenum disulfide and said inorganic lubricant comprising molybdenum disulfide in turn being coated with an organic lubricant such as cetyl alcohol.
- the lock-nut illustrated in FIG. 3 and FIG. 3A even if made from materials like A-286 or other stainless steels that tend to gall when installed in tightened rela tionship to uncoated bolts of the same material, can be used through 50 reuse cycles without undue galling or loss of friction locking torque.
- FIG. 4 illustrates two opposable sliding metallic surfaces 38 and 40 having a first metal layer 42 comprising nickel coated on metallic surface 38, said first metal layer having a second metal layer 44 coated thereon comprising copper said second metal layer 44 having an inorganic lubricant 46 coated thereon comprising molybdenum disulfide, said inorganic lubricant 46 having an organic lubricant 48 coated thereon comprising cetyl alcohol.
- Metallic surface 38 may be a nut thread whereas metallic surface 40 may be a bolt thread.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a set of two opposable metallic surfaces 50 and 52 that may be placed in a sliding relationship with one another, said metallic surface 50 having a first metal layer 54 comprising nickel coated thereon, said metallic surface 52 having a second metal layer 56 comprising copper coated thereon, said second metal layer 56 having an inorganic lubricant 58 comprising molybdenum disulfide coated thereon.
- Metallic surface 50 may be a nut thread and metallic surface 52 may be a bolt thread.
- use of an organic lubricant on the molybdenum disulfide surface is, in this instance, optional.
- the metallic surfaces illustrated in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 even if the parts are made of materials that tend to gall on repeated assemblies, may be placed in a sliding relationship with one another without binding or galling and that the wear thereon will be substantially reduced, even if there is a large amount of pressure at the interface of such coated metallic surfaces and even if there are repeated assemblies and disassemblies of the parts.
- the coatings on such metallic surfaces prevent excessive wear and galling, and when the coating is applied on the threads of lock-nut and bolt fastening devices made of such materials as A-286 or 13-8 stainless steels, the parts continue to operate satisfactorily even after 50 reuses.
- the metal coating is applied preferably by electroplating although other coating methods may be used such as flame spraying, hot melt coating, hot dip coating, cladding, fluidized bed coating, vacuum metallizing, cathode sputtering, chemical reduction, surface alloying by coating followed by heating in vacuum and all of the art known equivalents thereof.
- the metals that may be coated according to the present invention comprise stainless steels including Handbook, austentitic, martensitic and ferritic types as defined in Metals Handbood, Vol. I, Properties and Selection of Metals, published by the American Society for Metals, copyright 1961.
- stainless steel such as 13-8 stainless steel containing 13% chrome, 8% nickel and minor amounts of molybdenum or A-286 stainless steel containing about 25% nickel and about 16% chromium may be used as the substrate to which the coating is applied especially in that aspect of the invention which comprises the application of the coating to lock-nuts and/or bolts.
- Other stainless steels include inter alia 18-8 stainless and Waspaloy (tradename, Special Metals, Inc.)
- the coating of the present invention Prior to the use of the coating of the present invention severe galling resulted from reusing lock-nut-bolt combinations subject to high bolt stress.
- the galling usually occurred between approximately the 10th and 20th reuse cycle in stainless steel nut and bolt combinations, the galling being a deformation of the thread surfaces such as scoring and chipping and in some instances breaking and fusing of the threads.
- the coating of the invention has extended the reuse of such nut and bolt assemblies up to a minimum of 50 cycles without rendering the nut and bolt assemblies unsuitable for use during such reuse cycles.
- Thin coatings are desirably used in lock-nut and bolt combinations since this type of coating facilitates application to standard screw threads without having to modify the screw thread dimensions to prevent binding of the lock-nut on the bolt.
- a first metal layer such as nickel preferably of a thickness from about 0.0001 to about 000015 inch
- the second metal layer such as copper
- the inorganic lubricant such as molybdenum disulfide of a thickness preferably from about 0.0001 to about 0.0004 inch
- the inorganic lubricant may be applied in any thickness from about 0.0001 inch on up since the coating is deformable under
- the lock-nut can be a lock-nut having a polymeric washer sealed into the nut or a nut that has been offset.
- the coating may be subjected to elevated temperature up to 600F and still effectively function as a coating that will prevent excessive wear when applied to a lock-nut and/or bolt exposed to such temperature. Also, sufficient friction is maintained between the locking element of the lock-nut and bolt so that the nut will not loosen when exposed to conditions of extreme vibration.
- the coating of the invention may also be used on other sliding applications such as metal to metal bearing surfaces, piston rings, piston-cylinder wall interfaces, zippers and snap-fasteners in addition to lock-nut and lock-nut and bolt combinations.
- the molybdenum disulfide coating was Everlube 642 (registered trademark, Everlube Corporation, 6940 Farmdale Avenue, North Hollywood, Calif.), a solid film lubricant conforming to Mil- L-460l0(A) which is a formulation of molybdenum disulfide, metallic oxides and salts dispersed in a resinous binder system soluble in a solvent comprising dioxane or a mixture of 50% methyl ethyl ketone and 50% toluene.
- the molybdenum disulfide coating is applied to the metal part by dipping and is then cured by baking at about 400F for one hour.
- the plain metal parts are blasted with 120 mesh grit for approximately 30 minutes to produce a frosty finish.
- the bolts or nuts are then nickel plated followed by rinsing in water and neutralizing in alkali.
- nickel plated nuts are transferred to the copper plating solution and after copper coating the parts are again rinsed and dried.
- the plain A-286 nuts are directly copper-coated after grit blasting.
- Both the nickel and copper coatings are applied by standard electrolytic methods to a coating thickness of 0.00015 plus or minus 0.0005 in Example 1.
- the nickel coat is applied to an A-286 bolt and the mating A-286 nut was copper-plated and given a molybdenum disulfide coat on the copper.
- Example 2 the same combi nation is used but an additional cetyl alcohol coat is applied on the molybdenum disulfide coated surface.
- cetyl alcohol coat about 0.6 to about 1 pound of cetyl alcohol is first dissolved in one gallon of trichloroethylene. The parts to be coated are then immersed in the lubricant solution after which the solution is allowed to drain dry before handling.
- Example 3 all four coatings, the nickel coating, the copper coating, the inorganic lubricant and the cetyl alcohol are applied to a plain A-286 nut while the A-286 mating bolts are untreated.
- the nuts employed in these examples are A 28 locknuts which are held in an aluminum housing for the purpose of the test. Normally 2% bolt threads extend through the top of the nut during each reuse cycle where a cycle comprises turning the bolt into the nut until the bolthead is flush with the surface of the housing and then backing the bolt off until no locking torque is developed between the nut and bolt. When the head of the bolt is screwed down into an abutting relationship with the housing surface a torque wrench is employed and the torque measured right up until the bolthead seats on the housing surface. This is defined as the maximum on torque.
- a coating for reducing the wear of two opposed stainless steel metallic surfaces disposed in sliding relationship with one another comprising:
- a second layer having an elastic modulus inclusive of and lower than about 17,000,000 p.s.i. and comprised of a metal selected from a member of the group consisting of palladium, copper, gold, zirconium, silver, cadmium, tin, lead and alloys thereof;
- said first layer is applied to one of said metallic surfaces and said second layer is applied to the other metallic surface
- said second layer is a substrate for said inorganic lubricant layer.
- said first layer metal comprises nickel and the alloys thereof
- said second layer metal comprises copper and the alloys thereof
- said inorganic lubricant is selected from at least one member of the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide and graphite.
- a coating for reducing the wear of two opposed stainless steel metallic surfaces disposed in sliding relationship with one another comprising:
- a second layer having an elastic modulus inclusive of and lower than about 17,000,000 p.s.i. and comprised of a metal selected from a member of the group consisting of palladium, copper, gold, zirconium, silver, cadmium, tin, lead and alloys thereof;
- a layer comprised of an organic lubricant wherein said first layer is applied to at least one of said metallic surfaces and is a substrate for said second layer, said second layer is a substrate for said inorganic lubricant layer and said organic lubricant is the final layer.
- said inorganic lubricant is selected from at least one member of the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide and graphite.
- organic lubricant is selected from at least one member of the group consisting of aliphatic alcohols and aliphatic acids having from about to about carbon atoms and the glycerides of such acids.
- a fastener assembly comprising first and second slidably threadably engageable stainless steel members and lubricant structure therefor including a first layer comprised of a metal having a modulus of elasticity inclusive of and greater than about 20,000,000 p.s.i. disposed on said first member, a second layer comprised of a metal having a modulus of elasticity inclusive of and lower than about 17,000,000 p.s.i. disposed on said second member and a third layer comprised of an inorganic lubricant disposed on said second layer.
- said first layer metal is selected from a member of the group consisting of manganese, cobalt, platinum, nickel, chromium, beryllium, rhodium, molybdenum, tungsten, ruthenium, iridium, and alloys thereof and wherein said second layer metal is selected from a member of the group consisting of palladium, copper, gold, zirconium, silver, cadmium, tin, lead and alloys thereof.
- said inorganic lubricant is selected from at least one member of the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide and graphite.
- a fastener assembly comprising first and second stainless steel slidably threadably engageable members and lubricant structure therefor disposed between said first and second members and including a first layer comprised of a metal having a modulus of elasticity inclusive of and greater than about 20,000,000 p.s.i., a second layer comprised of a metal having a modulus of elasticity inclusive of and lower than about 17,000,000 p.s.i. disposed on said first layer, a third layer comprised of an inorganic lubricant disposed on said second layer and a final layer comprised of an organic lubricant.
- said first layer metal is selected from a member of the group consisting of manganese, cobalt, platinum, nickel, chromium, beryllium, rhodium, molybdenum, tungsten, ruthenium, iridium, and alloys thereof and wherein said second layer metal is selected from a member of the group consisting of palladium, copper, gold, zirconium, silver, cadmium, tin, lead and alloys thereof.
- said inorganic lubricant is selected from at least one member of the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide and graphite.
- organic lubricant is selected from at least one member of the group consisting of aliphatic alcohols and aliphatic acids having from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms and the glycerides of such acids.
- said organic lubricant is selected from at least one member of the group consisting of aliphatic alcohols and aliphatic acids having from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms and the glycerides of such acids.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
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- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (23)
Priority Applications (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US435889A US3914178A (en) | 1974-01-23 | 1974-01-23 | Wear reducing coating |
GB1380/75A GB1480433A (en) | 1974-01-23 | 1975-01-13 | Coatings interposed between two slidably engageable stainless steel surfaces |
DE19752502011 DE2502011A1 (en) | 1974-01-23 | 1975-01-20 | COATING |
CA218,189A CA1020783A (en) | 1974-01-23 | 1975-01-20 | Coating |
SE7500620A SE7500620L (en) | 1974-01-23 | 1975-01-21 | |
IT47790/75A IT1026422B (en) | 1974-01-23 | 1975-01-22 | COATING OF CONTRAP SURFACES IN STAINLESS STEEL IN RELATION TO SLIDING TO REDUCE WEAR |
BE1006415A BE824637A (en) | 1974-01-23 | 1975-01-22 | ANTI-WEAR COATING |
FR7502059A FR2258557B1 (en) | 1974-01-23 | 1975-01-23 | |
JP50010120A JPS50107375A (en) | 1974-01-23 | 1975-01-23 | |
CA273,862A CA1050362A (en) | 1974-01-23 | 1977-03-14 | Coating |
SE7907002A SE7907002L (en) | 1974-01-23 | 1979-08-22 | NOTE REDUCING COATING |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US435889A US3914178A (en) | 1974-01-23 | 1974-01-23 | Wear reducing coating |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US3914178A true US3914178A (en) | 1975-10-21 |
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ID=23730235
Family Applications (1)
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---|---|---|---|
US435889A Expired - Lifetime US3914178A (en) | 1974-01-23 | 1974-01-23 | Wear reducing coating |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3914178A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS50107375A (en) |
BE (1) | BE824637A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1020783A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2502011A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2258557B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1480433A (en) |
IT (1) | IT1026422B (en) |
SE (2) | SE7500620L (en) |
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US20200056506A1 (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2020-02-20 | United Technologies Corporation | Gas turbine engine seal ring assembly |
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US3244625A (en) * | 1963-10-15 | 1966-04-05 | Elastic Stop Nut Corp | Solid film lubricant |
US3380843A (en) * | 1964-03-31 | 1968-04-30 | Polymer Corp | Bearing |
US3634129A (en) * | 1967-12-26 | 1972-01-11 | Standard Pressed Steel Co | Method of lubricating metal fasteners with an aqueous lubricant composition |
US3729292A (en) * | 1968-02-24 | 1973-04-24 | Duria Werk Kempf Karl Kg | Anti-friction bearing pad |
US3705450A (en) * | 1970-10-27 | 1972-12-12 | Daido Metal Co Ltd | Bearing material |
US3791970A (en) * | 1972-07-24 | 1974-02-12 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Solid lubricant |
US3793195A (en) * | 1972-10-10 | 1974-02-19 | Gen Electric | Coated bearing surfaces |
Cited By (44)
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US4023224A (en) * | 1974-04-05 | 1977-05-17 | Eaton Corporation | Method for producing self-locking fasteners |
US4060116A (en) * | 1974-11-11 | 1977-11-29 | Eaton Corporation | Method for producing self-locking fasteners |
DE2923579A1 (en) * | 1979-06-11 | 1980-12-18 | Mitrofanova Geb Zaprudskaja | Cold-setting lubricant pastes based on epoxy! resin - contg. molybdenum di:sulphide, graphite, aluminium, copper, aluminosilicate and poly-amine |
US4389462A (en) * | 1981-07-08 | 1983-06-21 | Cabot Corporation | Process for enclosing a pin shank within an enclosing member and article produced thereby which is substantially devoid of a gap between the enclosing member and the head of the pin |
US4896391A (en) * | 1984-07-09 | 1990-01-30 | Long-Lok Fasteners Corporation | Method of forming a self-locking fastener |
US4634545A (en) * | 1985-03-07 | 1987-01-06 | Superior Graphite Co. | Railroad track lubricant |
US4746248A (en) * | 1987-02-19 | 1988-05-24 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Anchor bolt assembly |
US4825527A (en) * | 1988-01-25 | 1989-05-02 | Multifastener Corporation | Method of attaching an element to a panel |
US4984938A (en) * | 1988-08-25 | 1991-01-15 | H&S Machine & Supply Company, Inc. | Coated washer for an anchor bolt system |
US5193958A (en) * | 1989-08-08 | 1993-03-16 | Itw Ltd. | Coating of screws |
US5260100A (en) * | 1989-08-08 | 1993-11-09 | Itw. Ltd. | Coating screws wtih sealant |
US5125686A (en) * | 1989-11-16 | 1992-06-30 | Takata Corporation | Position adjusting device for a shoulder belt of a seat assembly |
US5217814A (en) * | 1991-02-09 | 1993-06-08 | Taiho Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Sintered sliding material |
WO1992014939A1 (en) * | 1991-02-15 | 1992-09-03 | Paul Edward Ewing | Locking fastener |
US5190423A (en) * | 1991-02-15 | 1993-03-02 | Ewing Paul E | Locking fastener |
US5314279A (en) * | 1991-02-15 | 1994-05-24 | Ewing Paul E | Locking fastener |
US5328618A (en) * | 1992-08-03 | 1994-07-12 | 410261 B.C. Ltd. | Magnetic lubricants |
US5363821A (en) * | 1993-07-06 | 1994-11-15 | Ford Motor Company | Thermoset polymer/solid lubricant coating system |
US20090095044A1 (en) * | 2001-05-22 | 2009-04-16 | Peter Schule | Method for prolonging service life of a machine for bending tubes |
US20040042868A1 (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2004-03-04 | Yake Donald L. | Coated, weldable fastener, a method of preventing adherence of a second coating to a fastener portion, and a method fastening |
US20050258045A1 (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2005-11-24 | Yake Donald L | Method of preventing adherence of a second coating to a fastener portion |
US7021875B2 (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2006-04-04 | Newfrey Llc | Coated, weldable fastener, a method of preventing adherence of a second coating to a fastener portion, and a method fastening |
US20060159544A1 (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2006-07-20 | Yake Donald L | Coated, weldable fastener, a method of preventing adherence of a second coating to a fastener portion, and a method fastening |
US7594985B2 (en) | 2001-10-30 | 2009-09-29 | Newfrey Llc | Method of preventing adherence of a second coating to a fastener portion |
US7255521B2 (en) | 2001-10-30 | 2007-08-14 | Newfrey Llc | Coated, weldable fastener, a method of preventing adherence of a second coating to a fastener portion, and a method fastening |
US20060171795A1 (en) * | 2005-01-28 | 2006-08-03 | Cromwell Stephen D | Substantial embedment of metallic debris |
US7516547B2 (en) | 2005-12-21 | 2009-04-14 | General Electric Company | Dovetail surface enhancement for durability |
US20070140853A1 (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-06-21 | General Electric Company | Dovetail surface enhancement for durability |
US20070243044A1 (en) * | 2006-03-29 | 2007-10-18 | Chin-Chiu Chen | Wear resistant nut |
US7729082B2 (en) | 2006-07-25 | 2010-06-01 | Hitachi Global Storage Technologies Netherlands B.V. | Application of PFPES for HDD screw lubricant |
US20080024909A1 (en) * | 2006-07-25 | 2008-01-31 | Kor Seng Ang | Application of pfpes for hdd screw lubricant |
US8905335B1 (en) * | 2009-06-10 | 2014-12-09 | The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Casting nozzle with dimensional repeatability for viscous liquid dispensing |
US20110081220A1 (en) * | 2009-10-02 | 2011-04-07 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Fastener and method of prolonging use of a driver blade in a fastening tool |
US8636124B2 (en) | 2010-09-23 | 2014-01-28 | Caterpillar Inc. | Coated power rail |
US20130183119A1 (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2013-07-18 | Kamax Holding Gmbh & Co. Kg | Screw having an underhead bearing surface including lubricant pockets |
US8784030B2 (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2014-07-22 | Kamax Holding Gmbh & Co. Kg | Screw having an underhead bearing surface including lubricant pockets |
US20140169911A1 (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2014-06-19 | Fuji Engineering Co., Ltd. | Sealer, fastener, bolt and method of fabricating bolt |
US8944735B2 (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2015-02-03 | Fuji Engineering Co., Ltd. | Sealer, fastener, bolt and method of fabricating bolt |
WO2016004332A1 (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2016-01-07 | Thermal Metal Treating, Inc. | Molybdenum disulfide coated non-ferrous and ferrous materials and methods for coating the non-ferrous and ferrous materials with molybdenum disulfide |
US9828563B2 (en) | 2014-07-02 | 2017-11-28 | Thermal Metal Treating, Inc. | Molybdenum disulfide coated non-ferrous and ferrous materials and methods for coating the non-ferrous and ferrous materials with molybdenum disulfide |
US10221880B2 (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2019-03-05 | Sfs Intec Holding Ag | Drilling screw |
US10876580B2 (en) | 2016-11-30 | 2020-12-29 | Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Pampus Gmbh | Torque control system |
US20200056506A1 (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2020-02-20 | United Technologies Corporation | Gas turbine engine seal ring assembly |
US10920617B2 (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2021-02-16 | Raytheon Technologies Corporation | Gas turbine engine seal ring assembly |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE7907002L (en) | 1979-08-22 |
FR2258557A1 (en) | 1975-08-18 |
SE7500620L (en) | 1975-07-24 |
IT1026422B (en) | 1978-09-20 |
FR2258557B1 (en) | 1980-06-27 |
DE2502011A1 (en) | 1975-07-24 |
BE824637A (en) | 1975-07-22 |
CA1020783A (en) | 1977-11-15 |
JPS50107375A (en) | 1975-08-23 |
GB1480433A (en) | 1977-07-20 |
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