US3913427A - Tool for removing broken threaded fasteners - Google Patents

Tool for removing broken threaded fasteners Download PDF

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Publication number
US3913427A
US3913427A US474867A US47486774A US3913427A US 3913427 A US3913427 A US 3913427A US 474867 A US474867 A US 474867A US 47486774 A US47486774 A US 47486774A US 3913427 A US3913427 A US 3913427A
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United States
Prior art keywords
tool
shaft
gripping member
threaded
sleeve
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Expired - Lifetime
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US474867A
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English (en)
Inventor
George Brase
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B AND R TOOL Inc
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B AND R TOOL Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by B AND R TOOL Inc filed Critical B AND R TOOL Inc
Priority to US474867A priority Critical patent/US3913427A/en
Priority to DE19742437142 priority patent/DE2437142C2/de
Priority to JP49097600A priority patent/JPS50153400A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3913427A publication Critical patent/US3913427A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/14—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for assembling objects other than by press fit or detaching same
    • B25B27/18—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for assembling objects other than by press fit or detaching same withdrawing broken threaded parts or twist drills

Definitions

  • a tool for removing broken threaded fasteners or studs comprises an open-ended gripping member with an interior wall formed by longitudinal, spaced apart ridge portions adapted to form gripping grooves when driven axially onto a broken threaded fastener.
  • the gripping member is fixed to one end of a threaded shaft that extends through the end wall of a sleeve and is attached at its other end to a flat sided head memher.
  • a movable nut is threaded to the shaft between the sleeve and the head member for removing the gripping member from the broken fastener after it has been loosened.
  • FlG 1 TOOL FOR REMOVING BROKEN THREADED FASTENERS This invention relates to a tool for removing threaded studs or fasteners secured to structure and particularly for removing broken cap nuts from truck wheels.
  • threaded studs or other similar fasteners become broken or frozen in place due to corrosion, thereby making their removal from a threaded socket a difficult problem.
  • the wheels are secured to the axle by cap nuts which have a relatively long threaded shank.
  • cap nuts which have a relatively long threaded shank.
  • the flat sided end portion of one or more of these cap nuts is broken off.
  • the cap nut was firmly lodged in its threaded socket, and in such cases removal of the broken cap nut became a laborious, timeconsuming process. Time lost in attempting to remove such broken fasteners was extremely costly to the truck operation. Previous attempts to remove such cap nuts using conventional tools failed to provide consistent and effective results within a reasonable time.
  • Another object of my invention is to provide a tool that can grip and loosen for removal a threaded cap nut or fastener that is broken and headless without damaging its socket and with the application of a relatively small amount of force exerted by an unskilled person of average strength.
  • Another object of my invention is to provide a tool which will grip a broken threaded stud or cap nut
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide a tool for removing broken threaded parts from their sockets which is strong, durable and can be readily disassembled for replacement of wearable parts.
  • Still another object of my invention is to provide a tool for removing threaded parts from their sockets that is particularly well adapted for ease and economy of manufacture.
  • a tool comprising an open-ended gripping member having an elongated cavity with an irregular inner wall. Spaced circumferentially around this latter wall are a series of longitudinal ridges having relatively obtuse edges.
  • the gripping member is made of a relatively hard metal so that when driven longitudinally onto a broken stud or cap nut the obtuse edges form gripping grooves extending transversely through its threads.
  • the gripping member is connected to a threaded shaft that extends through the end wall of a sleeve member that surrounds the gripping member.
  • a flat sided head member such as a hex shaped nut.
  • an adjustable nut Threadedly engaged to the shaft between the head member and the end wall of the sleeve member is an adjustable nut which is used for re moving the gripping member from the threaded cap nut after it has been loosened in its socket by the tool.
  • the tool is put into use by placing the gripping member in line with the threaded fastener to be removed and driving it onto the fastener by striking the head member of the tool. Once the gripping member has been driven into a forced engagement with the threaded member the tool head member is turned by a suitable wrench in theproper direction to loosen the threaded fastener. Once loosened, the adjustable nut on the tool shaft is turned until the gripping member is drawn into the sleeve member and pulled off of the loosened threaded member. The entire loosening and removal process for an otherwise difficult-to-remove fastener can be performed quickly and easily with a relatively small amount of manual skill and strength.
  • FIG. 1 is a view in perspective showing a typical hub of a truck axle with projecting cap nuts for securing the inside wheel thereon, one of the cap nuts being broken and thereby requiring removal by a tool according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a view in elevation showing a tool embodying the principles of the present invention being driven onto a broken cap nut;
  • FIG. 3 is a view in section taken along line 33 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 2 showing the tool in section with its gripping member in place on the broken cap nut;
  • FIG. 5 is a view in section taken along line 55 of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a view of the tool in FIG. 4 showing the gripping member removed from the cap nut after the latter has been loosened in its socket;
  • FIG. 7 is a view in elevation and in section of a somewhat modified form of tool embodying the principles of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a view in section of another modified form of tool according to the invention.
  • FIG. 8a is a fragmentary view showing a modified form of the tool of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 9 is a view in section of yet another modified form of tool according to the invention.
  • FIG. 9a is a fragmentary view'in section showing a modified head end portion of my tool
  • FIG. 10 is an enlarged endview of the tool in FIG. 9 taken along line l010;
  • FIG. 11 is another fragmentary view in section showing the head end of a tool according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows the inside wheel 12 of a typical dual wheel truck axle 14 as it appears when ready for removal from the axle hub 16 to which it is secured by a series of cap nuts 18 that extend through holes 20 in the wheel.
  • cap nuts which are similar to threaded studs each have a threaded shank portion, one end of which is adjacent to an enlarged beveled collar 22. Extending from the collar is an inner end portion 24 (see FIG. 2) that projects through the wheel 12 and is threadedly seated to a flange portion 25 of the axle hub.
  • each cap nut is provided with a flat sided nut-like portion 26 to facilitate being gripped by an appropriate wrench for removal from the axle hub.
  • this outer end portion of a cap nut is often broken off due to application of excessive torque, and such a broken cap nut is designated by numeral 18a. The problem of removing this broken cap nut then requires the use of a tool 30 embodying the principles of the present invention.
  • the tool 30 comprises a gripping member 32 having a generally cylindrical shape with an elongated cavity 34 that is open at its inner end.
  • the inside wall of the aforesaid cavity has an irregular shape formed by a series of longitudinal notches 36 and ridges 38 that are circumferentially spaced apart. Any suitable number of ridges 38 may be provided depending on the size of the tool and its intended use.
  • the tool 30 of FIGS. 2-6 is shown with 12 ridges 38 but, as shown in FIG. 10, it could have eight or some other number, if desired.
  • the ridges have fairly sharply defined edges, and since the gripping member is made from a relatively hard material, such as tool steel, they can readily be driven transversely into interference with and through a series of threads to form grooves 30 through them, as shown in FIG. 5. v
  • the inner end of the gripping member is axially aligned with and secured to a threaded shaft 40, as by welding, or, as described below, it may be detachable from the shaft.
  • the diameter of the shaft is substantially less than that of the gripping member 32 so that an annular shoulder 42 is formed on it where the shaft joins the gripping member.
  • the main body of the shaft extends through an opening 44 in an inner end portion 46 of a sleeve member 48 whose inside diameter is sufficiently larger than that of the gripping member to form a substantial clearance with it.
  • the outer end of the sleeve member is open and its end edge 50 is preferably in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the shaft.
  • the outer end of the shaft 40 has an enlarged head 52 provided with a series of flat sides, such as a standard hex nut. Adjacent to the inner end of the shaft head and also fixed thereto or to the shaft I may provide a circular flange member 54 whose diameter is substantially greater than the shaft 40. Threadedly engaged with the shaft and movable along it between the flange member and the inner end of the gripping member is a retraction nut 56.
  • a coil spring 58 which is retained under compression by the fact one end engages the inner end wall 46 of the sleeve member 48 and the other end is retained by the shoulder 42 on the gripping member 32.
  • the spring 58 constantly urges the gripping member outwardly toward the open end of the sleeve member while urging the sleeve end wall 46 against the retraction nut 56.
  • the sleeve member 48 and its annular end wall 46 can be fabricated from separate pieces and welded together or they could be machined or otherwise made as an integral component.
  • a modified tool a may be provided wherein a separate cap portion 60 is threadedly secured to one end of a tubular member 62 to form a sleeve member 48a.
  • Such a modified tool has some advantages in the simplicity of shape and assembly of its components, but its operation in use is the same as that of tool 30.
  • the tool 30 When the tool 30 is to be used for removing a broken cap nut 18a, as shown in FIG. 1, it is first aligned with the broken cap nut shank so that the ridge portions 38 of the gripping member 32 are engaged with and slightly interferring the exposed threads of the cap nut (See FIG. 2). At this point, the retraction nut 56 is turned back on the shaft 40 so that the outer end of the gripping member projects outwardly from the inner edge 50 of the sleeve member. Now, a driving force, as by a suitable hammer, is applied to the head 52 of the shaft, and this force causes the ridges 38 of the gripping member 32 to cut across the threads of the cap nut thereby forming a gripping contact with it (See FIG. 4).
  • a driving force as by a suitable hammer
  • the distance that the gripping member must be driven onto the broken cap nut 18a to form adequate gripping contact may vary depending on the size of the cap nut and to what degree it is threaded in place. However, I have found that where the ridge portions 38 of the gripping member each provide an interference with the cap nut threads of around l/64 to l/32 inches, a gripping engagement of the ridges of from one-fourth to onehalf inches in length will be sufficient to prevent any slippage between the cap nut and the gripping member. When this contact is made, a suitable wrench can now be applied to the fixed head 52 of the tool to turn it and the broken cap nut in the proper direction of rotation to loosen the latter from its seat.
  • the gripping member is removed from the cap nut by turning the retraction nut on the shaft against the inner end wall of the sleeve member, as shown in FIG. 6. This causes the outer edge 50 of the sleeve member to bear against the surface around the cap nut and pulls the gripping member from it. Once the gripping member is free from the loosened cap nut the tool 30 can be removed and the broken cap nut 18a can be completely removed from its socket by hand.
  • FIG. 8 Another somewhat modified tool 30b embodying the principles of my invention is shown in FIG. 8.
  • a threaded shaft 40b is attached to a gripping member 32b so that the latter can be disconnected from the shaft and replaced if its gripping ridges 38 become worn.
  • the shaft 40b has an end portion of reduced diameter which extends through an opening 72 in a central bearing portion 74 of the gripping member 32b.
  • the reduced end portion of the shaft is tapped axially to receive the threaded shank of a retaining screw 76 whose head 78 bears against the central bearing portion.
  • FIG. 8 Another somewhat modified tool 30b embodying the principles of my invention is shown in FIG. 8.
  • a threaded shaft 40b is attached to a gripping member 32b so that the latter can be disconnected from the shaft and replaced if its gripping ridges 38 become worn.
  • the shaft 40b has an end portion of reduced diameter which extends through an opening 72 in a central bearing portion 74 of the gripping member 32b.
  • the aforesaid retaining screw could be replaced by a stud 80 or an integral threaded portion extending from the end of the shaft, with a nut 82 threaded to the stud which again bears against the central bearing portion 74 of the gripping member.
  • the gripping member 32b may be quickly and easily removed from the shaft 40b to disassemble the tool and replace a worn gripping member.
  • the tool 30b is also provided with a thrust bearing 84 of the conventional ball or roller type friction between the sleeve 48b and a retraction nut 56b when torque is applied to the tool head 52b to loosen a cap nut or the like.
  • an outer race 86 of the thrust bearing is secured to the main sleeve 48b by a collar 88.
  • the inner race 90 of the bearing is attached by some suitable means to the sleeve adjusting nut 56b. For example, it may be welded thereto, or the nut 56b may be magnetized to such an extent that it holds the inner race closely to it with considerable force.
  • the nut 56b is essentially attached to the thrust bearing 84 and thus to the sleeve 48b so that, in this embodiment, when the nut is turned on the shaft 40b it also 'moves the main sleeve relative to it. This eliminates the necessity for the spring 58 in tool 30.
  • FIG. 9 Yet another embodiment according to the principles of my invention is shown as a tool 300 in FIG. 9.
  • the tool shaft 400 is preferably attached by a removable fastener 76 to the gripping member 32a in essentially the same way as shown in FIG. 8.
  • the gripping member 32c may be made long enough and with a large enough cavity 92 at itsopen end so that it will fit around even an unbroken cap nut 18.
  • my tool 300 can be placed over the worn cap nut to grip it for removal by means of the gripping member 32c.
  • the sleeve 480 comprises a central member 94 with external threads and an adjustable inner end portion 96 threadedly attached thereto which enables the sleeve to be extended in length where desired. Threadedly secured to the other end is an outer end portion 98 having a cylindrical recess 100 within which is secured, as by a press fit, the outer race 86 of a thrust bearing 84.
  • the inner race 90 of this bearing may be secured in the same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 8 to a retraction nut 56a, so that rotation of this nut will move the entire sleeve 48c relative to the shaft 400 and again eliminate the need for an internal spring.
  • FIG. 9a another arrangement for connecting a retraction nut 56d to a thrust bearing 84 is shown.
  • the nut is provided with an integral flange portion 102 at one end which is attached to or held against the inner race 90 of the bearing 84 by an outer lip 104 of the outer race 86.
  • the outer race is fixed within a cavity 106 in the main sleeve 48d as by a press fit, as shown in FIG. 9.
  • the nut 56d is rotated on its shaft 40d it moves the entire sleeve axially relative to the shaft.
  • each head member is preferably provided with a convex surface 108 and is made of hardened material, it may become worn after extensive use of the too].
  • the outer end of the shaft 40 is provided with a series of grooves and splines 110 and this end portion is merely forced within a cylindrical cavity 112 of the head member with an interference fit. The fit is such that no slippage can occur between the head member and the shaft when the head is turned by some torquing device to loosen a cap nut.
  • the retraction nut 56 is turned on the shaft so as to move it against the head member.
  • the present invention provides an effective solution to the heretofore vexing problem of removing broken or worn cap nuts. While my tool has a particular application to broken cap nuts it is obvious that it could also be applied to other situations where other threaded fasteners such as studs must be loosened for removal from their sockets in various types of structure.
  • the tool provided is' easy to operate by unskilled labor so a large amount of valuable time is saved in removing broken or worn fasteners. Although it can be made strong and durable, itican also be quickly disassembled when worn parts suchas the gripping member and the head member require replacement. i
  • a tool for loosening a broken or worn threaded fastener within its socket in a structural member to facilitate removal therefrom comprising:
  • a head member attached to an outer end of said shaft so as to transmit torque to it when said head member is turned;
  • a gripping member attached to an inner end of said shaft, said gripping member having an open ended, axially extending cavity and means on the inner walls of said cavity for gripping the threaded portion of a fastener to be loosened;
  • said gripping member comprises an elongated body
  • said means on its inner walls comprises a series of longitudinally extending, parallel ridges spaced apart by recesses and adapted to interfere with and form grooves transversely through the fastener to be loosened when said tool is driven axially onto said fastener.
  • said head member comprises a hex shaped member having a convex top surface.
  • said head member comprises a flat sided member having a cylindrical recess, and the outer end of said shaft has spline portions which form an interference fit with the inner wall of said cylindrical recess.
  • a main sleeve member surrounding said shaft and having a larger inside diameter than the outside diameter of said gripping member and an annular end wall around said shaft;
  • said means connecting said annular end wall to said retraction nut comprises a thrust bearing having an inner race and an outer race and a plurality of bearing members between said races.
  • a tool for loosening a broken or worn threaded fastener within its socket for removal therefrom comprising:
  • a head member attached to an outer end of said shaft so as to transmit torque to it when said head member is turned;
  • a gripping member attached to an inner end of said shaft, said gripping member having an open ended, axially extending cavity and spaced apart, axially extending ridge members on the inner walls of said cavity for gripping the threaded portion of a fastener to be loosened;
  • a movable sleeve means extending axially around said shaft and said gripping member and having an inner head end surrounding said threaded shaft portion;
  • a retraction nut on said threaded shaft portion for exerting an axial force against said inner head end of said sleeve means when the other end of said sleeve means is against structure surrounding a fastener that has been loosened, thereby removing said gripping member from the fastener.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hand Tools For Fitting Together And Separating, Or Other Hand Tools (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
US474867A 1974-05-30 1974-05-30 Tool for removing broken threaded fasteners Expired - Lifetime US3913427A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US474867A US3913427A (en) 1974-05-30 1974-05-30 Tool for removing broken threaded fasteners
DE19742437142 DE2437142C2 (de) 1974-05-30 1974-08-01 o.dgl
JP49097600A JPS50153400A (cs) 1974-05-30 1974-08-27

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Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4607547A (en) * 1985-02-06 1986-08-26 Martus Donald G Stripped hex head drive socket
US4716793A (en) * 1985-12-20 1988-01-05 Safety Socket Screw Corporation Polygonal tool for removal of stripped hex head fasteners
US4940370A (en) * 1989-10-16 1990-07-10 Gipson Gregory L Inner lug removal tool
US5544987A (en) * 1994-07-11 1996-08-13 Gipson; Gregory L. Removal tool for broken or seized inner budd nuts
US5649791A (en) * 1994-05-17 1997-07-22 Connolly; Matthew Apparatus and method for boring a hole in a broken bolt
US8607670B2 (en) 2011-02-18 2013-12-17 Rafal Stawarski Damaged fastener extractor
US9144891B2 (en) 2012-03-16 2015-09-29 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Nutdriver
US10549355B1 (en) * 2012-12-21 2020-02-04 Eric Wayne Parker Lug nut removal tool
CN112720349A (zh) * 2020-12-11 2021-04-30 山西江淮重工有限责任公司 双头螺柱的装卸装置及装卸双头螺柱的方法
US11590637B2 (en) * 2017-04-27 2023-02-28 Grip Holdings Llc Methods and apparatuses for extracting and dislodging fasteners
US20230060398A1 (en) * 2016-04-27 2023-03-02 Grip Holdings Llc Methods and Apparatuses for Extracting Fasteners
US20230256576A1 (en) * 2016-04-27 2023-08-17 Grip Holdings Llc Methods and Apparatuses for Extracting and Dislodging Fasteners
WO2023158465A1 (en) * 2022-02-15 2023-08-24 Grip Holdings Llc Methods and apparatuses for extracting and dislodging fasteners
US11897099B2 (en) 2018-09-19 2024-02-13 Grip Holdings Llc Fastener extractor and dislodging tool apparatus
US12434360B2 (en) 2017-03-23 2025-10-07 Grip Holdings Llc Advanced holding apparatus

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0724615B2 (ja) * 1991-03-12 1995-03-22 岐阜プラスチック工業株式会社 引出し付きボックス
JP5701033B2 (ja) 2010-12-09 2015-04-15 三菱重工業株式会社 原子炉停止装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US885926A (en) * 1907-12-30 1908-04-28 John Horst Pipe-wrench.
US906040A (en) * 1908-05-18 1908-12-08 Daniel A Lucas Wrench.
US1336794A (en) * 1917-11-27 1920-04-13 Stepanian Stephen Wrench
US1375456A (en) * 1915-07-26 1921-04-19 Tom Brown Chuck for staybolts
US3161090A (en) * 1962-10-17 1964-12-15 Silas B Mclellan Stud engaging wrench having a fluted gripping surface

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US885926A (en) * 1907-12-30 1908-04-28 John Horst Pipe-wrench.
US906040A (en) * 1908-05-18 1908-12-08 Daniel A Lucas Wrench.
US1375456A (en) * 1915-07-26 1921-04-19 Tom Brown Chuck for staybolts
US1336794A (en) * 1917-11-27 1920-04-13 Stepanian Stephen Wrench
US3161090A (en) * 1962-10-17 1964-12-15 Silas B Mclellan Stud engaging wrench having a fluted gripping surface

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4607547A (en) * 1985-02-06 1986-08-26 Martus Donald G Stripped hex head drive socket
US4716793A (en) * 1985-12-20 1988-01-05 Safety Socket Screw Corporation Polygonal tool for removal of stripped hex head fasteners
US4940370A (en) * 1989-10-16 1990-07-10 Gipson Gregory L Inner lug removal tool
US5649791A (en) * 1994-05-17 1997-07-22 Connolly; Matthew Apparatus and method for boring a hole in a broken bolt
US5544987A (en) * 1994-07-11 1996-08-13 Gipson; Gregory L. Removal tool for broken or seized inner budd nuts
US8607670B2 (en) 2011-02-18 2013-12-17 Rafal Stawarski Damaged fastener extractor
US9144891B2 (en) 2012-03-16 2015-09-29 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Nutdriver
US10549355B1 (en) * 2012-12-21 2020-02-04 Eric Wayne Parker Lug nut removal tool
US20230060398A1 (en) * 2016-04-27 2023-03-02 Grip Holdings Llc Methods and Apparatuses for Extracting Fasteners
US20230256576A1 (en) * 2016-04-27 2023-08-17 Grip Holdings Llc Methods and Apparatuses for Extracting and Dislodging Fasteners
US12434360B2 (en) 2017-03-23 2025-10-07 Grip Holdings Llc Advanced holding apparatus
US11590637B2 (en) * 2017-04-27 2023-02-28 Grip Holdings Llc Methods and apparatuses for extracting and dislodging fasteners
US11897099B2 (en) 2018-09-19 2024-02-13 Grip Holdings Llc Fastener extractor and dislodging tool apparatus
CN112720349A (zh) * 2020-12-11 2021-04-30 山西江淮重工有限责任公司 双头螺柱的装卸装置及装卸双头螺柱的方法
WO2023158465A1 (en) * 2022-02-15 2023-08-24 Grip Holdings Llc Methods and apparatuses for extracting and dislodging fasteners

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2437142B1 (de) 1975-09-04
DE2437142A1 (cs) 1975-09-04
JPS50153400A (cs) 1975-12-10

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