US3913176A - Apparatus for the draft and breaking of synthetic textile fibres - Google Patents

Apparatus for the draft and breaking of synthetic textile fibres Download PDF

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Publication number
US3913176A
US3913176A US417049A US41704973A US3913176A US 3913176 A US3913176 A US 3913176A US 417049 A US417049 A US 417049A US 41704973 A US41704973 A US 41704973A US 3913176 A US3913176 A US 3913176A
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United States
Prior art keywords
breaking
draft
drafting
cylinders
groups
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Expired - Lifetime
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US417049A
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English (en)
Inventor
Oscar Grossi
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TEMATEX SpA
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TEMATEX SpA
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from IT5411372A external-priority patent/IT973614B/it
Priority claimed from IT5033473A external-priority patent/IT1045765B/it
Application filed by TEMATEX SpA filed Critical TEMATEX SpA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3913176A publication Critical patent/US3913176A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G1/00—Severing continuous filaments or long fibres, e.g. stapling
    • D01G1/06—Converting tows to slivers or yarns, e.g. in direct spinning
    • D01G1/08—Converting tows to slivers or yarns, e.g. in direct spinning by stretching or abrading

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Apparatus for the draft and breaking of synthetic textile fibres which is designed to receive a fibre sliver coming out of a breaking machine and to complete the breaking of those fibres which have not yet been broken, characterized by the fact that the apparatus comprises a draft and breaking unit including a series of successive draft operations carried out at increasing speeds, a transfer unit for receiving the material from the draft and breaking unit and guiding it to a draft gill box for combing and drafting the material and, thereafter, passing it to a collecting device.
  • the draft and breaking unit comprises at least two successive draft fields wherein the length of the first draft field is at least a third longer than the length of the next draft field.
  • the combing operation of the draft gill box is performed by the mutual effect of two sets of vertical faller pins facing each other and operating from the lower and the upper part of the sliver and which are caused to gradually engage the sliver advancing in its traveling direction.
  • the present invention relates to apparatus for the draft and breaking of synthetic textile fibres which are commonly named technofibres in order to perform the so called tow to top operative cycle.
  • the method of operating the apparatus of the present invention comprises the step of feeding the material coming out of a conventional breaking machine in the form of a sliver or tow, the step of subjecting said tow to a draft and breaking process comprising a series of draft operations to impart to the sliver increasing tensile stresses to cause the breaking of the continuous filaments which are still present in the sliver subsequently of the previous conventional breaking operation, and a draft and combing step to straighten the fibres by using a system of moving pins forming a gill box unit.
  • This latter operation can be carried out by a gill box including two pluralities of parallel pins forming the fallers and which are actuated by faller screws or by an operatively equivalent device comprising rotating heads supporting the faller pins and which are driven by control and guide cams, such a draft and combing unit enabling operation at higher speed and with improved performances as compared with those of the conventional devices which are used in the art for the same purpose.
  • a gill box including two pluralities of parallel pins forming the fallers and which are actuated by faller screws or by an operatively equivalent device comprising rotating heads supporting the faller pins and which are driven by control and guide cams, such a draft and combing unit enabling operation at higher speed and with improved performances as compared with those of the conventional devices which are used in the art for the same purpose.
  • an apparatus is commonly used which comprises the following machines:
  • a breaking machine, a rebreaker, a draft and defeltering machine and a draft and finishing machine A breaking machine, a rebreaker, a draft and defeltering machine and a draft and finishing machine.
  • the present invention provides an apparatus for carrying out the aforedescribed operative method, which comprises a non-conventional combination of known devices enabling reduction of the duration of the operative cycle, the overall dimensions of the apparatus as well as a saving of labor, while obtaining a top having an improved fibre distribution and a better echelonment of the fibres of different lengths along said top.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a diagrammatic longitudinal side view and a top view respectively of the apparatus of this invention
  • FIG. 3 is the charge end view of the apparatus, taken on line XX of FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are an enlarged detail of the side view of the draft and breaking unit of the apparatus, as shown in FIG. 1, and a cross section respectively, taken on line Y-Y of FIGS. 1 and 2;
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged side view of the draft and breaking unit, of the transfer unit and of the combing unit partially broken away with details and particulars which cannot be seen in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 7 is a top view of the unit, wherein the sliver is transferred from the draft and breaking unit to the combing unit.
  • the present invention concerns in particular only the three operative zones of the apparatus which are marked A, B and C in FIGS. 1 and 2, while in the zone E there is provided a conventional feeding creel including a plurality of cylindrical cans 1 having vertical axes and open upper ends, said cans containing the material which is to be fed to the zone A by a belt conveyor 2 or other suitable device, and then to the zone B of the ap- 2 paratus, the operative cycle developing from the right to the left hand in the direction of the arrows, if reference is made to FIG. 1.
  • the most important unit of this apparatus is that operating in the zone A.
  • This unit comprises a plurality of groups, each including three cylinders; in the shown embodiment only three cylinder groups are provided. Said groups are arranged in series.
  • Each draft and breaking cylinder group comprises a upper cylinder 3 acting as a pressure cylinder, lined by anti'static rubber and two lower cylinders 4 made of steel and having grooved side surfaces.
  • the pressure cylinders 3 are carried by self-aligning and self-centering bearings, and are associated with means for adjusting their pressure.
  • the cylinders 3 and 4 of each operative group are each supported at both ends in order to obtain a wider work field and a higher and more uniform specific pressure on the sliver passing thereacross in transversal direction thus allowing a greater material charge without attaining remarkable elastic deformations. Said cylinders are caused to rotate about horizontal axes which are substantially perpendicular to the travel path of the material.
  • the cylinders 4 of each group are driven by drive means 14 (FIG. 6) which includes any suitable transmission means, not shown in the drawings.
  • the fibre sliver or tow is subjected to a drafting and breaking action which is obtained by the drive means 14 causing the driving cylinders of the series of groups to rotate at different speeds, their speeds increasing in the travel direction of the material, i.e. from the right to the left hand according to FIGS. 1 and 2, so that the fibres which are longer than the spacing between two adjacent cylinder groups will be stressed to exceed their ultimate tensile stress.
  • At least the two first groups of draft and breaking cylinders 3 and 4 are mounted on supports which can be displaced in the travel direction of the material by sliding along the rails 13 in order to enable adjustment of their spacing so as to vary the fibrous diagram, that is to say, in order to vary the distribution of the textile filaments of variable length according to a stochastic gaussian law.
  • the draft and breaking unit A in the shown embodiment includes three cylinder groups A,, A and A arranged in series as best seen in FIG. 6.
  • the distance between the two first groups A and A is greater than 240 mm so as to obtain, in a very long draft field, i.e.
  • the second draft field or distance between the cylinder groups A and A has a length which is less than that of the first one; it may be of about mm, i.e. it is less by about a third of the length of the first draft field so as to enable correction of the fibrous diagram of the sliver.
  • the drawing effect can vary from 1.7 to 3.4 according to the type of the treated material; it is to be pointed out that the operative speeds of the cylinder groups A,, A and A are gradually increasing so as to attain the breaking of all the longest filaments 180 mm).
  • Apparatus for drafting and breaking synthetic texguiding and transfer unit (FIG. 7) is provided compristile fibres which remain unbroken subsequently of pasing a conical guiding conduit 6a communicating with a sage through a breaking machine comprising: substantially cylindrical conduit 6b, at the outlet of drafting and breaking means comprising a plurality of which are arranged two dragging cylinders 60 and 6d serially arranged drafting and breaking groups each having parallel axes and grooved side surfaces, the 10 group including an upper and two lower rotatable sliver which now has been transformed in a top being cylinders having parallel axes and arranged subgripped between said cylinders 6c and 6d so as to be fed stantially perpendicularly to the direction of feedthrough the a draft gill box or field 5 placed in the zone ing of a fibre sliver therethrough, said upper cylinmarked B and which is constituted of two pluralities
  • feed means for continuously feeding a previously The draft gill box or field 5 by means of the insertion broken fibre sliver to said drafting and breaking of the pins in different positions and time relationship means; and the drafting effects obtained therewith, enables the driving means associated with said driving cylinders regularization of the fibre distribution of the sliver so as for rotating said driving cylinders of each of said to obtain a top having a uniform structure, a constant drafting and breaking groups, said driving means unit weight and which is ready to be fed to the next opincluding transmission means connected to said erative zone by means of the feeding cylinders 62, 6f, driving cylinders for transmitting motion from said and 6g, at least one of which is a driving cylinder.
  • the invention further utilizes two independent pneu- 2.
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the upper matic cleaning devices, one operating in the draft and and lower cylinders of each of said drafting and breakbreaking unit A and the other being associated with the ing groups are each supported at both ends thereof and gill box 5, said devices being per se of any convenincluding means for supporting each drafting and tional structure and being actuated by the motors 9 and breaking group in adjustable relation to one another in 10 respectively so that the operative cycle is improved the direction of travel of the fibre sliver. since such independent pneumatic devices can be de- 3.
  • Apparatus according to claim 2 wherein the spacsigned with different capacities, the device having the 5 ing between a first pair of said plurality of drafting and higher capacity is operated in the zone A, where the dust and fibre waste production is higher than in the zone B.
  • breaking groups is at least one third longer than the spacing between a second pair of said groups.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
US417049A 1972-11-17 1973-11-19 Apparatus for the draft and breaking of synthetic textile fibres Expired - Lifetime US3913176A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT5411372A IT973614B (it) 1972-11-17 1972-11-17 Processo e macchina perfezionata per lo stiro di fibre tessili artificiali
IT5033473A IT1045765B (it) 1973-05-30 1973-05-30 Processo e macchina perfezionati per lo stiro di fibre tessili artificiali

Publications (1)

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US3913176A true US3913176A (en) 1975-10-21

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US417049A Expired - Lifetime US3913176A (en) 1972-11-17 1973-11-19 Apparatus for the draft and breaking of synthetic textile fibres

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US (1) US3913176A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2357623A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2207203B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4528050A (en) * 1981-07-30 1985-07-09 Molins Plc Producing filler material, particularly for cigarette filters
US4547933A (en) * 1982-06-18 1985-10-22 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process for preparing a high strength aramid spun yarn
US4593706A (en) * 1980-08-04 1986-06-10 Molins Limited Producing filler material, particularly for cigarette filters
US4979270A (en) * 1989-08-03 1990-12-25 Burlington Industries, Inc. Apparatus and methods for converting tow into staple
US5367747A (en) * 1992-12-31 1994-11-29 Zellweger Uster, Inc. Needle-based apparatus for individualizing fibers and other textile entities for testing purposes
US20060009873A1 (en) * 2002-12-17 2006-01-12 Scott Gregory J Method for control of yarn processing equipment
US20060145386A1 (en) * 1999-06-14 2006-07-06 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Stretch break method and product
CN100355962C (zh) * 2005-11-04 2007-12-19 东华大学 罗拉针板混合式苎麻牵切纺纱设备
CN100422406C (zh) * 2005-05-12 2008-10-01 连云港鹰游纺机有限责任公司 丝束拉断成条装置
US20090183487A1 (en) * 2005-01-21 2009-07-23 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Staple yarn manufacturing process
CN104313733A (zh) * 2014-09-04 2015-01-28 陈月玲 一种用于山羊绒加工的全自动针梳机

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2855757C2 (de) * 1978-12-22 1983-07-07 Vepa AG, 4125 Riehen, Basel Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines verzugsfähigen Bandes

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2721440A (en) * 1951-02-13 1955-10-25 American Viscose Corp Process for producing direct spun yarns from strands of continuous fibers
US3339237A (en) * 1963-07-31 1967-09-05 Rhodiaceta Apparatus for converting tow into sliver
US3609836A (en) * 1969-07-18 1971-10-05 Burlington Industries Inc Textile drafting system

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT251182B (de) * 1963-06-05 1966-12-27 Elitex Zavody Textilniho Maschine zur Herstellung von Stapeln aus Chemiefaserkabeln
ES291517A2 (es) * 1963-09-09 1966-01-01 Llaurade Estivil Pablo Marti C Perfeccionamientos en los mecanismos para peinaje de fibras en las maquinas de hilatura de estambre

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2721440A (en) * 1951-02-13 1955-10-25 American Viscose Corp Process for producing direct spun yarns from strands of continuous fibers
US3339237A (en) * 1963-07-31 1967-09-05 Rhodiaceta Apparatus for converting tow into sliver
US3609836A (en) * 1969-07-18 1971-10-05 Burlington Industries Inc Textile drafting system

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4593706A (en) * 1980-08-04 1986-06-10 Molins Limited Producing filler material, particularly for cigarette filters
US4528050A (en) * 1981-07-30 1985-07-09 Molins Plc Producing filler material, particularly for cigarette filters
US4547933A (en) * 1982-06-18 1985-10-22 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process for preparing a high strength aramid spun yarn
US4979270A (en) * 1989-08-03 1990-12-25 Burlington Industries, Inc. Apparatus and methods for converting tow into staple
US5367747A (en) * 1992-12-31 1994-11-29 Zellweger Uster, Inc. Needle-based apparatus for individualizing fibers and other textile entities for testing purposes
US5491876A (en) * 1992-12-31 1996-02-20 Zellweger Uster, Inc. Needle-based apparatus for individualizing single fibers and other textile entities for testing puposes
US7559121B2 (en) * 1999-06-14 2009-07-14 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Stretch break method and product
US20060145386A1 (en) * 1999-06-14 2006-07-06 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Stretch break method and product
US20060009873A1 (en) * 2002-12-17 2006-01-12 Scott Gregory J Method for control of yarn processing equipment
US7349756B2 (en) * 2002-12-17 2008-03-25 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Method for control of yarn processing equipment
US20090183487A1 (en) * 2005-01-21 2009-07-23 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Staple yarn manufacturing process
CN100422406C (zh) * 2005-05-12 2008-10-01 连云港鹰游纺机有限责任公司 丝束拉断成条装置
CN100355962C (zh) * 2005-11-04 2007-12-19 东华大学 罗拉针板混合式苎麻牵切纺纱设备
CN104313733A (zh) * 2014-09-04 2015-01-28 陈月玲 一种用于山羊绒加工的全自动针梳机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2357623A1 (de) 1974-05-22
FR2207203A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-06-14
FR2207203B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1978-02-24

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