US3908808A - Ultrasonic calendering of paper webs - Google Patents

Ultrasonic calendering of paper webs Download PDF

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Publication number
US3908808A
US3908808A US397887A US39788773A US3908808A US 3908808 A US3908808 A US 3908808A US 397887 A US397887 A US 397887A US 39788773 A US39788773 A US 39788773A US 3908808 A US3908808 A US 3908808A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
vibrating
rolls
calendering
roll
ultrasonic frequency
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US397887A
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English (en)
Inventor
Leroy H Busker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nakajima All Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nakajima All Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nakajima All Co Ltd filed Critical Nakajima All Co Ltd
Priority to US397887A priority Critical patent/US3908808A/en
Priority to CA200,303A priority patent/CA1010691A/en
Priority to ES429633A priority patent/ES429633A1/es
Priority to IT27253/74A priority patent/IT1021347B/it
Priority to JP10515174A priority patent/JPS5322566B2/ja
Priority to BR722/74A priority patent/BR7407722D0/pt
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3908808A publication Critical patent/US3908808A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B3/00—Presses characterised by the use of rotary pressing members, e.g. rollers, rings, discs
    • B30B3/005—Roll constructions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B3/00—Presses characterised by the use of rotary pressing members, e.g. rollers, rings, discs
    • B30B3/04—Presses characterised by the use of rotary pressing members, e.g. rollers, rings, discs co-operating with one another, e.g. with co-operating cones

Definitions

  • This invention relates to calendering of paper webs and is more particularly concerned with accelerating the calendering process with improved calendering results.
  • I f I Fundamental considerations of calendering of paper webs lead to the view that both Compressive andshear stress must be app'liedsimultaneously to accomplish the desired changes in surface andstructure. Evaluations are based on measurements. of printability, smoothness, caliper, o'pacityfiand' other measurements. Various prior studies have shown that pure hydrostatic pressure has little or no transforming effect on paper. I-lowever,.whena high compression stress'is applied.simultaneously'with a shear stress, the paper is-tranformed into a translucent horn-like mass.
  • Supercalendering is employed to produce. glassine.with; desirable translucency.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide anew and improved methodbf and means reducing the number of calendering nips through which the paper webs must pass to attain the desired properties in the paper.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a new and improved method of and means for applying both friction or shear stress and pressure or compressive stress in the calendering of paper webs.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide for ultrasonic calendering of paper webs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of one means for ultrasonic calendering.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a modified means for ultrasonic calendering.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a calendering roll for attaining another mode of ultrasonic calendering.
  • FIG14 is an end elevational view of the roll in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of means for attaining multiple modes of ultrasonic calendering effects.
  • a pair of calendering rolls and 11 mounted in any preferred paper calendering machine stack are adjuste'cl relative' to one another to receive a paper web' I2'therebtween and apply 'c'alendering'p ressure thereto as the paperru'n s'through the nip of the rolls, effecting compressionof the web.
  • the paper web is run through a plurality of indivi'dual' nips, the number depending upon the ultimate condition of smoothness and density desired in the paper.
  • the calender roll 11 comprises ahollow cylinder within which vibration effecting rneans are mounted inthe form of tightly fitted cylinders of an electrostrictive material 13 such as barium andcontract at the high frequency and with a'preferred amplitude, for example 0.7 mils".
  • FIG. 2 an arrangement is shown for implementing application of shear stress to a paper web 15 running through the nip of cooperatively rotating calender rolls 17 and 18, at least one of which is equipped to vibrate with ultrasonic frequency in a peripheral direction.
  • the rotation of one of the rolls, in this instance the roll 18 is modulated ultrasonically to control the shear stress effect on the web 15.
  • Means for attaining this end comprise construction of the roll 18 as a hollow cylindrical shell having diametrically opposite longitudinally extending radial internal fins 19 respectively in face-to-face opposition to corresponding radial outwardly extending fins 20 on an axial support core 21, with electrostrictive material 22 secured to and between the pairs of fins 19, 20.
  • High frequency electrical energy applied to the material 22 causes cooperative vibration of the fins l9 and 20 and thereby ultrasonic frequency modulation of normal rotation of the roll 18 as indicated by the double prong arrow, whereby to subject the web 15 to shear stress multiplied by the ultrasonic oscillatory vibrations of the pe- Accordi ng to the present in'vention'ithe number of riphery of the roll 18 in contact with the web running through the nip of the rolls 17 and 18.
  • Cross-machine shear-.stress may be applied to the paper web by having at least one of a pair of calender rolls vibrate at ultrahigh frequency longitudinally.
  • at least one of the rolls of a pair of calender rolls may be constructed as exemplified in FIGS. 3 and 4, wherein a roll having at its opposite ends journals 27 rotatably supporting the roll in bearings 28 has means for effecting longitudinal high frequency vibrations of the roll as indicated by the double pronged arrow in FIG. 3.
  • the roll may be equipped with a respective doughnut or ring 29 of electrostrictive material adjacent to each opposite end, as for example mounted in a groove 30 in each instance.
  • These rings 29 are excited in alternating phase by high frequency electrical energy supplied by' a suitable source through leads 31. Thereby the roll is vibrated longitudinally at ultrasonic frequency while rotating in contact with a paper web running through the nip of a pair of calender rolls of which the roll 25 comprises one of the pair.
  • FlCuS represents the application of combined'modes of shear and compressive stress application to a paper web as it runs through the nip of a pair of calender rolls 37' and 38.
  • shear stress is applied by the roll 37 vibrated at ultrasonic frequency oscilatably while rotating cooperatively with the roll 38 which is vibrated radially at ultrasonic frequency.
  • the roll 37 may be vibrated in the manner of the roll.18 in FIG. 2, and the roll 38 vibrated in the manner of the roll 11 in FIG. 1.
  • longitudinal or reciprocal vibration may be applied to either of,
  • quency vibration of the rolls may be produced by other means for generating the vibrations than the electromechanical means described.
  • advantage may be taken of natural frequencies of mass elastic systems. lt will be understood that variations and modifications may be effected without departing from the spirit and scope of the novel concepts of this invention.
  • a method of calendering paper web comprising:
  • a method according to claim 1, comprising ultrasonically vibrating both of said rolls in different modes of vibration.
  • a method according to claim 1, comprising vibrating said one roll radially and peripherally vibrating the other roll at ultrasonic frequency.
  • a method according to claim 1, comprising vibrating said one roll radially and vibrating the other of said rolls at ultrasonic frequency longitudinally.
  • Apparatus for calendering paper web comprising:
  • Apparatus according to claim 5 comprising means for ultrasonically vibrating both of said rolls in different modes of vibration.
  • Apparatus according to claim 5 comprising means for vibrating said one roll radially and means for peripherally vibrating the other roll at ultrasonic frequency.
  • Apparatus according to claim 5 comprising means for vibrating said one roll radially and means for longitudinally vibrating the other of said rolls at ultrasonic UNITED STATES PATENT ND TRADEMARK OFFICE QETIFICATE 0F CORRECTION 9 PATENT NO. 3, 908, 808

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
US397887A 1973-09-17 1973-09-17 Ultrasonic calendering of paper webs Expired - Lifetime US3908808A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US397887A US3908808A (en) 1973-09-17 1973-09-17 Ultrasonic calendering of paper webs
CA200,303A CA1010691A (en) 1973-09-17 1974-05-17 Ultrasonic calendering of paper webs
ES429633A ES429633A1 (es) 1973-09-17 1974-08-29 Perfeccionamientos en los aparatos para el calandrado de hojas de papel.
IT27253/74A IT1021347B (it) 1973-09-17 1974-09-13 Metodo ed apparecchio per la ca landratura ad ultrasuoni di nastri di carta
JP10515174A JPS5322566B2 (de) 1973-09-17 1974-09-13
BR722/74A BR7407722D0 (pt) 1973-09-17 1974-09-17 Processo aperfeicoado para calandrar tira continua de papel e aperfeicoamentos em aparelho para calandrar

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US397887A US3908808A (en) 1973-09-17 1973-09-17 Ultrasonic calendering of paper webs

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3908808A true US3908808A (en) 1975-09-30

Family

ID=23573070

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US397887A Expired - Lifetime US3908808A (en) 1973-09-17 1973-09-17 Ultrasonic calendering of paper webs

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3908808A (de)
JP (1) JPS5322566B2 (de)
BR (1) BR7407722D0 (de)
CA (1) CA1010691A (de)
ES (1) ES429633A1 (de)
IT (1) IT1021347B (de)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4932107A (en) * 1987-08-03 1990-06-12 Mitsubishi Rayon Company, Ltd. Method of reducing open spaces in woven fabrics
US5039462A (en) * 1990-01-08 1991-08-13 Aluminum Company Of America Method and apparatus for producing biaxially oriented polymer sheet
US5087320A (en) * 1990-05-18 1992-02-11 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Ultrasonic rotary horn having improved end configuration
US5096532A (en) * 1990-01-10 1992-03-17 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Ultrasonic rotary horn
US5110403A (en) * 1990-05-18 1992-05-05 Kimberly-Clark Corporation High efficiency ultrasonic rotary horn
WO1998010911A1 (en) * 1996-09-11 1998-03-19 Dupont Canada Inc. Manufacture of liquid crystalline polymer films
US5732748A (en) * 1992-11-30 1998-03-31 Brochier S.A. Composite material fabric based on predominantly untwisted coarse multifilament warp & weft threads
US6077373A (en) * 1996-09-11 2000-06-20 Du Pont Canada Inc. Manufacture of multilayer polymer films
US6179764B1 (en) * 1996-12-21 2001-01-30 Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for treating moving paper webs
US6562166B2 (en) 2001-05-11 2003-05-13 The Procter & Gamble Company Method of material property modification with ultrasonic energy
US20050075030A1 (en) * 2003-10-07 2005-04-07 Kvg Technologies, Inc. Vibrationally compressed glass fiber and/or other material fiber mats and methods for making the same
US20070018364A1 (en) * 2005-07-20 2007-01-25 Pierre Riviere Modification of nonwovens in intelligent nips
DE102007041931A1 (de) 2007-09-04 2009-03-05 Voith Patent Gmbh Walzenanordnung
DE102007041930A1 (de) 2007-09-04 2009-03-05 Voith Patent Gmbh Walzenanordnung
DE102007041932A1 (de) 2007-09-04 2009-03-05 Voith Patent Gmbh Kalandriervorrichtung und Verfahren zum Kalandrieren einer Materialbahn
US20090104397A1 (en) * 2005-03-21 2009-04-23 Toshio Muranaka Paper Sheet and Paper Sheet Bonding Method
WO2019086241A1 (de) * 2017-10-30 2019-05-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines funktionselements für eine elektrodeneinheit einer batteriezelle
DE102021117378A1 (de) 2021-07-06 2023-01-12 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer Elektrode einer Batteriezelle

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2209662B (en) * 1987-09-11 1990-12-12 Scot Young Serv Syst Ltd Sweep mop pad holder

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3096672A (en) * 1960-07-28 1963-07-09 Aeroprojects Inc Vibrating roll and method
US3224915A (en) * 1962-08-13 1965-12-21 Cavitron Ultrasonics Inc Method of joining thermoplastic sheet material by ultrasonic vibrations
US3550419A (en) * 1968-03-04 1970-12-29 Thomas A Fox Methods and apparatus for metal rolling
US3620061A (en) * 1969-10-03 1971-11-16 Us Navy Design of ultrasonic transducers for use with rolling mill rolls
US3678720A (en) * 1970-08-13 1972-07-25 Sutton Eng Co Roller leveler and method of leveling

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3096672A (en) * 1960-07-28 1963-07-09 Aeroprojects Inc Vibrating roll and method
US3224915A (en) * 1962-08-13 1965-12-21 Cavitron Ultrasonics Inc Method of joining thermoplastic sheet material by ultrasonic vibrations
US3550419A (en) * 1968-03-04 1970-12-29 Thomas A Fox Methods and apparatus for metal rolling
US3620061A (en) * 1969-10-03 1971-11-16 Us Navy Design of ultrasonic transducers for use with rolling mill rolls
US3678720A (en) * 1970-08-13 1972-07-25 Sutton Eng Co Roller leveler and method of leveling

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4932107A (en) * 1987-08-03 1990-06-12 Mitsubishi Rayon Company, Ltd. Method of reducing open spaces in woven fabrics
US5039462A (en) * 1990-01-08 1991-08-13 Aluminum Company Of America Method and apparatus for producing biaxially oriented polymer sheet
US5096532A (en) * 1990-01-10 1992-03-17 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Ultrasonic rotary horn
US5087320A (en) * 1990-05-18 1992-02-11 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Ultrasonic rotary horn having improved end configuration
US5110403A (en) * 1990-05-18 1992-05-05 Kimberly-Clark Corporation High efficiency ultrasonic rotary horn
US5732748A (en) * 1992-11-30 1998-03-31 Brochier S.A. Composite material fabric based on predominantly untwisted coarse multifilament warp & weft threads
US5939338A (en) * 1992-11-30 1999-08-17 Brochier S.A. Warp and weft fabric based on predominantly untwisted multifilament technical threads and method for producing same
WO1998010911A1 (en) * 1996-09-11 1998-03-19 Dupont Canada Inc. Manufacture of liquid crystalline polymer films
US6077373A (en) * 1996-09-11 2000-06-20 Du Pont Canada Inc. Manufacture of multilayer polymer films
US6159412A (en) * 1996-09-11 2000-12-12 Dupont Canada Inc. Method for manufacture of liquid crystalline polymer films
US6364652B1 (en) 1996-09-11 2002-04-02 Dupont Canada, Inc. Manufacture of liquid crystalline polymer films
US6179764B1 (en) * 1996-12-21 2001-01-30 Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for treating moving paper webs
US6562166B2 (en) 2001-05-11 2003-05-13 The Procter & Gamble Company Method of material property modification with ultrasonic energy
US20050075030A1 (en) * 2003-10-07 2005-04-07 Kvg Technologies, Inc. Vibrationally compressed glass fiber and/or other material fiber mats and methods for making the same
US8592329B2 (en) 2003-10-07 2013-11-26 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Vibrationally compressed glass fiber and/or other material fiber mats and methods for making the same
US20090104397A1 (en) * 2005-03-21 2009-04-23 Toshio Muranaka Paper Sheet and Paper Sheet Bonding Method
KR101245246B1 (ko) * 2005-03-31 2013-03-19 다이오 페이퍼 코퍼레이션 종이 시트 및 종이 시트의 접합방법
US20070018364A1 (en) * 2005-07-20 2007-01-25 Pierre Riviere Modification of nonwovens in intelligent nips
DE102007041930A1 (de) 2007-09-04 2009-03-05 Voith Patent Gmbh Walzenanordnung
DE102007041932A1 (de) 2007-09-04 2009-03-05 Voith Patent Gmbh Kalandriervorrichtung und Verfahren zum Kalandrieren einer Materialbahn
EP2034092A2 (de) 2007-09-04 2009-03-11 Voith Patent GmbH Walzenanordnung
DE102007041931A1 (de) 2007-09-04 2009-03-05 Voith Patent Gmbh Walzenanordnung
EP2034092A3 (de) * 2007-09-04 2011-09-21 Voith Patent GmbH Walzenanordnung
WO2019086241A1 (de) * 2017-10-30 2019-05-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines funktionselements für eine elektrodeneinheit einer batteriezelle
CN111279524A (zh) * 2017-10-30 2020-06-12 罗伯特·博世有限公司 用于制造电池组电池的电极单元的功能元件的方法和设备
DE102021117378A1 (de) 2021-07-06 2023-01-12 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer Elektrode einer Batteriezelle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5322566B2 (de) 1978-07-10
ES429633A1 (es) 1976-10-01
BR7407722D0 (pt) 1975-07-29
CA1010691A (en) 1977-05-24
JPS5058309A (de) 1975-05-21
IT1021347B (it) 1978-01-30

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