US3907957A - Quenching process for melt extruded filaments - Google Patents

Quenching process for melt extruded filaments Download PDF

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Publication number
US3907957A
US3907957A US462036A US46203674A US3907957A US 3907957 A US3907957 A US 3907957A US 462036 A US462036 A US 462036A US 46203674 A US46203674 A US 46203674A US 3907957 A US3907957 A US 3907957A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
air
inert gas
steam
quenching
noncondensible
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US462036A
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English (en)
Inventor
Donald Edward Shaffer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EIDP Inc
Original Assignee
EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority to US462036A priority Critical patent/US3907957A/en
Priority to JP49066622A priority patent/JPS5025814A/ja
Priority to NL7408077A priority patent/NL7408077A/xx
Priority to IT24044/74A priority patent/IT1025019B/it
Priority to FR7420894A priority patent/FR2233422B1/fr
Priority to CA202,547A priority patent/CA1024318A/fr
Priority to GB2698374A priority patent/GB1454574A/en
Priority to DE2429027A priority patent/DE2429027A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3907957A publication Critical patent/US3907957A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
    • D01D5/092—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes in shafts or chimneys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/27—Cleaning; Purging; Avoiding contamination
    • B29C48/272—Cleaning; Purging; Avoiding contamination of dies
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/084—Heating filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/60—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyamides

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Oxidative deposits on a spinneret in a melt spinning process can be reduced by introducing a small amount of a noncondensible inert gas, such as nitrogen, below the steam blanketed zone, but above the point at which quenching air is first directed toward the extruded filaments.
  • a noncondensible inert gas such as nitrogen
  • This invention relates to melt spinning synthetic polymer filaments. More specifically, this invention provides an improvement in melt spinning processes whereby better continuity of operation is obtained.
  • the molten filaments after extrusion, are normally cooled by a current of cross flow air or by air which is supplied radially of the filament bundle, and which then flows longitudinally, cocurrent with the filaments motion. Extreme care is required to minimize exposure of the filaments to turbulent quenching air, since'while molten, they are very sensitive to erratic air currents, which may produce denier variations and even cause contact between and fusing of filaments. In some cases, a combination of radially directed and cross flow cooling air has been employed.
  • FIG. 1 represents schematically the apparatus elements employed in the process ofthe invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a quench box arrangement which is adapted to processing four threadlines simultaneously.
  • FIG. 3 shows an enlarged partial scale-up of the cross section as illustrated in FIG. 1 showing the steam blanketer arrangement in more detail.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a melt spinning apparatus in which filaments l are extruded from a spinneret filter pack 2 from a source of molten polymer, not shown.
  • Filter pack 2 is surrounded by a heated spinning block 3.
  • the filaments are extruded into a steam-blanketed first zone indicated by the numeral 4, supplied with steam from conduit 5.
  • the filaments l are cooled as they pass through quench box 6, which is supplied with room temperature air passing through a duct 7 from a source, not shown.
  • the cooling air reaches the filaments by passing through perforations of screen tubes 8, 15 which surround the filament bundle.
  • Tube 8 is formed of perforated metal, and a tube 15 is'a double tube consisting of one layer of 20 and two layers of mesh screen. Air is supplied at a rate just equal to the rate at which quiescent air would be aspirated by the moving filaments.
  • the upper portion of quench box 6 has a partition or baffle plate 12 dividing it into two zones, i.e., second and third zones designated 9 and 10, respectively.
  • Plate 12 is connected to the top flange 14 of the quench box by a seal, which may be flexible as shown at 17 of FIG. 2.
  • Noncondensible inert gas is delivered to zone 9, through conduit 11 and air is delivered to zone 10 through duct 7.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective drawing of quench box 6, adapted to furnish quenching air and inert gas to four quench tubes simultaneously. Like numbers denote like parts.
  • FIG. 3 shows in greater detail the steam blanketed spinneret arrangement in cross section. Again, like' numbers denote like parts.
  • 2 denotes the filter pack and 2" the spinneret through which filaments l are extruded.
  • Steam is injected through steam conduit 5, into annular slot l9,providing a blanket of steam extending downwardly from the face of spinneret 2".
  • Annular slot 19 is formed in its lower part by steam blanketer insert 13.
  • Flange 14 of quench box 6 is in sealing contact with blanketer l3.
  • Quench box 6 contains quench tubes 8 and 15, positioned as shown more clearly in FIG. 1.
  • the maximum amount of cooling air which can be used in any melt spinning process is restricted by the need to protect the filaments from turbulent air currents which may cause filament breaks, fusing and denier variations, as mentionedpreviously.
  • this amount of air correspond to that which is aspirated by the running threadline.
  • This volume of air will vary with number of filaments, size of yarn bundle, and spinning speed. It may be determined empirically, from a study of the relation between yarn defects and air flow rate, or a mathematical model may be devised.
  • the benefits of the instant invention are obtained when a portion of this air is replaced by an inert gas, preferably nitrogen. As will be shown in the examples, optimum improvement in spinning continuity is obtained when from 5 to 20 percent of the quench air is replaced by nitrogen. Surprisingly, replacing larger amounts of the air with nitrogen appears to provide poorer results, in addition to being more expensive.
  • the steam in the blanketer was replaced by an equal volume .of (a) heated nitrogen and (b) heated helium, to determine whether a density difference between blanketer and cooling medium was necessary. In both cases, (a) and (b), polymer oxidation at the spinneret was not reduced, indicating that the density difference was not a factor.
  • baffle 12 should be placed at the optimum position in quench box 6, which position may be empirically determined. However, it is believed that the optimum position for the baffle is controlled by the theoretical considerations described below.
  • the lower part zone of quench box 6 can be dispensed with; the filaments may be cooled by air aspirated through screen tubes 8, 15, or by cross flow air furnished in conventional manner. It is apparent, of course, that when cross flow air is used to cool the filaments, the inert gas should be introduced above the point where the air is first directed toward the filaments.
  • the process of the instant invention may also be adapted to the various known methods used to delay the cooling of the filaments, for example, by heating the inert gas supplied to zone 9.
  • nitrogen is the preferred inert gas for use in the process of the invention
  • any nonoxidizing (and, preferably, nontoxic) gas may be used, such as helium, combustion gas and the like.
  • the principal objective of the invention is to decrease the need to remove oxidized polymer deposits from the face of the spinneret by the technique known as wiping which involves carefully scraping the exposed surface of a spinneret with a brass chisel-like tool.
  • a molten filament may spin discontinuously, by dripping from the spinneret orifice;
  • c. yarn may break and wrap on the feed roll at the draw zone
  • wipe cycle The time interval between the preventative wipes determined by this schedule is termed wipe cycle herein; it is taken as a measure of the effectiveness of the gas blanketing system, while all other variables are held constant. Obviously, it is important to increase the wipe cycle as much as possible.
  • the total hours of spinning before an actual interruption by any of (a) to (d) is determined; this period is identified as drip life herein.
  • PACM-l2 tt isomer) homopolymer and PACM-lZ-PACM-I copolymer (70% tt, also) are prepared essentially as described in Example I of the Knospe patent, U.S. Pat. No. 3,416,302.
  • the polymer and copolymer are then extruded as filaments through separate orifices of a single spinneret, using a quenching chimney as shown in FIG. 1.
  • One hundred forty-four filaments (72 of each composition) are extruded into steam blanket zone 4.
  • the filaments are cooled as they pass through nitrogen quench zone 9 and air quench zone 10, after which they are converged into yarn bundles and drawn to a 240 denier yarn, essentially as described in Example I of Knospe, ata yarn windup speed of 2,700 yd./min. (2,550 m./min.).
  • the spinning block temperature is 337C.
  • the steam blanketer zone 4 is supplied with 0.2 to 0.3-cfm (5.7 to 8.5 l./min.) of steam at 270C. Nitrogen is supplied at 11 to zone 9 and air at 7 to zone 10.
  • EXAMPLE II The test of Example I is repeated on a large scale, EXAMPLE IV using the four-tube quench box of FIG. 2.
  • the spinning block temperature is 337C; 0.8 to 1.0 cfm (21.7 to A 28.3 l-lmin.) steam at 270C. is supplied to each spin- It may be advantageous to heat the inert gas used to neret blanketer.
  • Various filament counts are spun from replace a portion of the quenching air, as shown in this each spinneret; after drawing, the yarn is wound up at example. 2,700 yd./min. (2,550 m./min.).
  • Example III In separate runs, poly- The procedure of Example III is repeated with the mer with various amounts of kaolinite delusterant (see following conditions: the spinning block temperature is ller US. Pat. No. 3,397,171) is employed. 40 335C; 1.75 lbs/hr (0.78 Kg/hr) steam at 280C. is sup- The quenching conditions, air and nitrogen flows, oxplied to each spinneret blanketer; yarn is spun from ygen concentration and wipe cycle are listed in Table each spinneret and after drawing, the yarn is wound up [1, (t runs 1-8), at 3,500 yd./min. (3,200 m.lmin.).
  • a process for quenching a melt extruded filament issuing from a spinning pack which comprises introducing immediately below the spinning pack in successive first, second and third zones steam, noncondensible inert gas, and air respectively; and passing the melt extruded filament through said zones to quench the filament.
  • noncondensible inert gas is nitrogen and amounts to from about to about percent of the volume of air being introduced.
  • a process for quenching a melt extruded filament issuing from a spinning pack that includes the v steps of. introducing immediately below the spinning pack in successive zones steam and air and passing the filament through the zones to quench the filament, the improvement comprising: replacing a portion of said air being introduced with noncondensible inert gas; and introducing said noncondensible inert gas into a zone between the zones for introducing steam and air.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US462036A 1973-06-18 1974-04-18 Quenching process for melt extruded filaments Expired - Lifetime US3907957A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US462036A US3907957A (en) 1973-06-18 1974-04-18 Quenching process for melt extruded filaments
JP49066622A JPS5025814A (fr) 1973-06-18 1974-06-13
IT24044/74A IT1025019B (it) 1973-06-18 1974-06-17 Processo per la pilatura allo stato fuso di polimeri sintetici
FR7420894A FR2233422B1 (fr) 1973-06-18 1974-06-17
NL7408077A NL7408077A (fr) 1973-06-18 1974-06-17
CA202,547A CA1024318A (fr) 1973-06-18 1974-06-17 Refroidissement des files en fusion a la vapeur, en atmosphere inerte et a l'air
GB2698374A GB1454574A (en) 1973-06-18 1974-06-18 Quenching melt spun filaments
DE2429027A DE2429027A1 (de) 1973-06-18 1974-06-18 Verfahren zum abschrecken schmelzgesponnener faeden

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US37067873A 1973-06-18 1973-06-18
US462036A US3907957A (en) 1973-06-18 1974-04-18 Quenching process for melt extruded filaments

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US3907957A true US3907957A (en) 1975-09-23

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US462036A Expired - Lifetime US3907957A (en) 1973-06-18 1974-04-18 Quenching process for melt extruded filaments

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US3907957A (fr)
JP (1) JPS5025814A (fr)
CA (1) CA1024318A (fr)
DE (1) DE2429027A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2233422B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1454574A (fr)
IT (1) IT1025019B (fr)
NL (1) NL7408077A (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4124666A (en) * 1976-07-03 1978-11-07 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Method of keeping nozzle bodies or breaker plates clean during extrusion of polymer melts
US4204828A (en) * 1978-08-01 1980-05-27 Allied Chemical Corporation Quench system for synthetic fibers using fog and flowing air
US4338276A (en) * 1977-08-19 1982-07-06 Imperial Chemical Industries, Ltd. Process for the manufacture of polyamide yarns
US4606872A (en) * 1983-03-09 1986-08-19 Kashima Oil Company Method for spinning carbon fibers
US5281378A (en) * 1990-02-05 1994-01-25 Hercules Incorporated Process of making high thermal bonding fiber
US5629080A (en) * 1992-01-13 1997-05-13 Hercules Incorporated Thermally bondable fiber for high strength non-woven fabrics
US5705119A (en) * 1993-06-24 1998-01-06 Hercules Incorporated Process of making skin-core high thermal bond strength fiber
US5882562A (en) * 1994-12-19 1999-03-16 Fiberco, Inc. Process for producing fibers for high strength non-woven materials
US6926508B2 (en) * 2000-06-23 2005-08-09 Invista North America Sarl Steam distribution ring for spinning machines
US20080157426A1 (en) * 2006-12-29 2008-07-03 Kotwis Joseph E Process and apparatus for reducing die drips and for controlling surface roughness during polymer extrusion
CN108411389A (zh) * 2018-03-30 2018-08-17 湖州虹君机械有限公司 用于纤维生产的冷却装置

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5756515A (en) * 1980-09-17 1982-04-05 Toray Ind Inc Melt-spinning of polyester
JPS62182978U (fr) * 1986-05-14 1987-11-20
DE19920682B4 (de) * 1999-05-05 2007-04-12 Zimmer Ag Dampfbeschleierung für Spinnsystem mit Rechteckdüsen
JP4946111B2 (ja) * 2006-03-20 2012-06-06 東レ株式会社 合成繊維の溶融紡糸装置および合成繊維の製造方法
JP5262038B2 (ja) * 2007-09-19 2013-08-14 東レ株式会社 熱可塑性繊維の製造方法およびその製造装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3053611A (en) * 1958-01-21 1962-09-11 Inventa Ag Process for spinning of synthetic fibers
US3129272A (en) * 1960-05-19 1964-04-14 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Melt-spinning synthetic polymer filaments
US3553305A (en) * 1967-09-29 1971-01-05 Tin Yam Au Melt-spinning process

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1905508A1 (de) * 1969-02-05 1970-08-20 Hoechst Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schmelzspinnen von synthetischen Polymeren

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3053611A (en) * 1958-01-21 1962-09-11 Inventa Ag Process for spinning of synthetic fibers
US3129272A (en) * 1960-05-19 1964-04-14 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Melt-spinning synthetic polymer filaments
US3553305A (en) * 1967-09-29 1971-01-05 Tin Yam Au Melt-spinning process

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4124666A (en) * 1976-07-03 1978-11-07 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Method of keeping nozzle bodies or breaker plates clean during extrusion of polymer melts
US4338276A (en) * 1977-08-19 1982-07-06 Imperial Chemical Industries, Ltd. Process for the manufacture of polyamide yarns
US4204828A (en) * 1978-08-01 1980-05-27 Allied Chemical Corporation Quench system for synthetic fibers using fog and flowing air
US4606872A (en) * 1983-03-09 1986-08-19 Kashima Oil Company Method for spinning carbon fibers
US5281378A (en) * 1990-02-05 1994-01-25 Hercules Incorporated Process of making high thermal bonding fiber
US5318735A (en) * 1990-02-05 1994-06-07 Hercules Incorporated Process of making high thermal bonding strength fiber
US5431994A (en) * 1990-02-05 1995-07-11 Hercules Incorporated High thermal strength bonding fiber
US5654088A (en) * 1992-01-13 1997-08-05 Hercules Incorporated Thermally bondable fiber for high strength non-woven fabrics
US5629080A (en) * 1992-01-13 1997-05-13 Hercules Incorporated Thermally bondable fiber for high strength non-woven fabrics
US5733646A (en) * 1992-01-13 1998-03-31 Hercules Incorporated Thermally bondable fiber for high strength non-woven fabrics
US5888438A (en) * 1992-01-13 1999-03-30 Hercules Incorporated Thermally bondable fiber for high strength non-woven fabrics
US5705119A (en) * 1993-06-24 1998-01-06 Hercules Incorporated Process of making skin-core high thermal bond strength fiber
US6116883A (en) * 1993-06-24 2000-09-12 Fiberco, Inc. Melt spin system for producing skin-core high thermal bond strength fibers
US5882562A (en) * 1994-12-19 1999-03-16 Fiberco, Inc. Process for producing fibers for high strength non-woven materials
US6926508B2 (en) * 2000-06-23 2005-08-09 Invista North America Sarl Steam distribution ring for spinning machines
US20080157426A1 (en) * 2006-12-29 2008-07-03 Kotwis Joseph E Process and apparatus for reducing die drips and for controlling surface roughness during polymer extrusion
WO2008085188A2 (fr) * 2006-12-29 2008-07-17 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Procédé et appareil pour réduire des gouttes de filière et pour commander une rugosité de surface pendant une extrusion de polymère
WO2008085188A3 (fr) * 2006-12-29 2008-09-12 Du Pont Procédé et appareil pour réduire des gouttes de filière et pour commander une rugosité de surface pendant une extrusion de polymère
CN108411389A (zh) * 2018-03-30 2018-08-17 湖州虹君机械有限公司 用于纤维生产的冷却装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1454574A (en) 1976-11-03
IT1025019B (it) 1978-08-10
CA1024318A (fr) 1978-01-17
FR2233422A1 (fr) 1975-01-10
JPS5025814A (fr) 1975-03-18
NL7408077A (fr) 1974-12-20
FR2233422B1 (fr) 1978-01-13
DE2429027A1 (de) 1975-01-09

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