US3907152A - End closures for metal drums - Google Patents

End closures for metal drums Download PDF

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Publication number
US3907152A
US3907152A US258410A US25841072A US3907152A US 3907152 A US3907152 A US 3907152A US 258410 A US258410 A US 258410A US 25841072 A US25841072 A US 25841072A US 3907152 A US3907152 A US 3907152A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
channel
wall
drum
cylindrical body
closure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US258410A
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English (en)
Inventor
Eugene Wessely
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gallay SA
Original Assignee
Gallay SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gallay SA filed Critical Gallay SA
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Publication of US3907152A publication Critical patent/US3907152A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D7/00—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of metal
    • B65D7/42—Details of metal walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
    • B21D51/26—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects cans or tins; Closing same in a permanent manner
    • B21D51/30—Folding the circumferential seam
    • B21D51/32—Folding the circumferential seam by rolling

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT The end closure comprising a peripheral cylindrical wall which is fitted in the cylindrical body and a substantially planar lateral wall axially offset relative to the free outer edge of the peripheral wall.
  • the peripheral wall of the end closure is connected to the lateral wall by a small rounded channel followed radially inwardly by a connecting fillet.
  • the lateral wall has at least one inverted U-shaped stiffening channel much larger than the rounded channel and extending into the cylindrical body. If the lateral wall is 8/10 mm sheet metal and the diameter of the drum 600 mm, two such stiffening channels are provided, Each stiffening channel is located in an annular peripheral zone formed by the outer third of the area of the end closure.
  • FIG 6 END CLOSURES FOR METAL DRUMS
  • the present invention concerns in general metal containers, such as barrels or drums of a lightweight construction and more particularly end closures joined by seaming or the like to the cylindrical body of such a barrel or drum.
  • the end closure of a metal drum or barrel is low strength zone because of the narrow gauge of the sheet metal forming the same.
  • the present invention aims at overcoming these drawbacks by means of an end closure construction adapted to effected with a minimum of sheet metal of standard quality and having a strength enabling it to support without being damaged the inevitable shocks and deformations caused by handling, vibration and climatic conditions to which the drum provided with such an end-closure may be subjected during transportation or storage.
  • a more particular aim of the invention consists in a thin sheet metal end closure of a particular shape and nature so as to be of a strength at least as great as conventional end closures of much greater metal thickness.
  • a further aim of the present invention is a metal drum or barrel having such an end closure.
  • the invention consists in an end closure for a metal drum or barrel with a cylindrical body or the like comprising a cylindrical peripheral wall adapted to be fitted in the said body and fixed thereto, for example by seaming a substantially planar lateral wall axially offset relative to the free edge of the peripheral wall a distance called inset depth, the peripheral wall is joined to the lateral wall by a shallow channel with a rounded closed end called a turnover groove followed by a connecting fillet, the said lateral wall having at least one channel whose height and width is at least twice as great as that of the turnover channel called a stiffening channel of rounded U-shaped profile projecting towards the interior of the drum when the end closure is in place thereon.
  • stiffening channels will be a function of the diameter of the drum and the thickness of the sheet metal.
  • a single stiffening channel for an end closure of at least 8/10 mm sheet metal and two similar stiffening channels for less than 8/10 mm sheet metal.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial view in axial section of an embodiment of the end closure according to the invention fixed to the body of a drum;
  • FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 and concerns an alternative embodiment
  • FIGSv 3 and 4 are similar to FIGS. 1 and 2 respectively and illustrate deformation of the end closure under load conditions
  • FIG. 5 relates to an end closure shown in FIG. 2 schematically illustrating the shape of a stiffening channel following a shock applied to the turnover channel of the stiffening channel;
  • the joining FIG. 6 relates to the end closure in FIG 1 and schematically illustrates the shape of the turnover channel and the neighboring stiffening channel when a lateral shock is applied to the adjoining zone of the drum.
  • the end closure associated with a drum or barrel comprises in the usual manner a cylindrical body 1, a bottom end closure 2 and a top end closure or cover 2 identical to the bottom end closure provided with orifices (not shown).
  • the body may be formed by a conventional sleeve or tubular section with rolling beads, a tubular section with successive corrugations or expansion zones or a tubular section of an entirely different shape.
  • the end closure may be applied to any drum or barrel body irrespective of its shape.
  • the end closure 2 illustrated is joined to the body 1 by a seam 3 but may be joined to the latter by any other means.
  • the end closure 2 comprises radially inwardly of the seam 3 a cylindrical peripheral wall 4 having a diameter D adapted to be fittingly received in the body 1 of the drum or the barrel.
  • the peripheral wall 4 is connected to a small bead called a turnover channel with a rounded end 6.
  • a slightly inclined wall 7 is connected to the turnover channel 5 and is followed radially inwardly by a connecting fillet connecting the main end wall 9 of the end closure.
  • the main end wall or lateral Wall 9 is substantially planar and axially offset relative to the free edge of the peripheral wall 4 by a distance H called and inset dis tance.
  • the lateral wall 9 comprises at least one channel having a width 2 and a height 11 very much greater than those of the turnover channel 5 (the dimensions of the turnover channel and the radius of its closed end is chosen as small as possible within the limits of the working of the sheet metal of the end closure).
  • Such a channel 10 will be called hereinafter a stiffening corrugation and has a substantially inverted U- shaped profile in cross section with slightly divergent legs.
  • FIG. 1 which is particularly suitable for end closures having a diameter of approximately 600 mm of less than 8/10 mm sheet metal, for example 6/10 mm, two successive similar stiffening channels are provided.
  • FIG. 2 which is more particularly suited for end closures having a diameter of the order of 600 mm of at least 8/10 mm sheet metal, a single stiffening channel 10 is provided which experience has shown to be sufficient it goes without saying, however, that such end closures could also have two stiffen ing corrugations.
  • stiffening channel 10 projects axially from the lateral wall 9 towards the interior of the drum, the stiffening channel(s) 10 are disposed in the outer peripheral zone of the end closure comprising onethird of the area, in other words the channel(s) are disposed in an annular zone which extends from the periphera] wall 4 to an imaginery circle disposed at a distance of 1/6 the diameter D of the end closure. Stresses are in practice found in this zone
  • Each stiffening channel 10 has in cross section a generally semicircular profile with rounded closed end 12 connected to the lateral wall 9 by two slightly divergent panels 13 each of which is followed by a connecting fillet 11.
  • the angle A formed by a wall 13 relative to the general plane of the lateral wall or panel 9 is as close to as possible; this angle provides the channel 10 with a height h measured from the lateral wall 9 with a maximum inertia.
  • the width e of a channel 10 taken between the connecting fillets 11 is determined so that the relationship h/e is greater than or equal to 0.75.
  • the inertia of such a channel is a function of the value of its height 11.
  • the height h of the stiffening channel 10 is at least equal to 2 of the diameter D of the peripheral wall 4.
  • this height /1 will be near 20 mm.
  • the following table indicates in millimetres for a diameter of 600 mm the height, width and radius of curvature which are satisfactory for 8/10 mm sheet metal with one stiffening channel or 6/10 mm sheet metal with two stiffening channels.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate the reaction of such end closures under the effect of large growing forces directed towards the exterior.
  • the portion located between the centre and the innermost stiffening channel 10 remains substantially planar whereas the annular zone between the outermost stiffening channel 10 and the turnover channel 5 is deformed progressively into a truncated conical effecting the outermost stiffening channel 10 and causing it to deform.
  • FIGS. completely eliminate the two channels. though this, of course, does not occur during use.
  • FIG. 2 and 4 that is for a end closure of at least 8/10 mm sheet metal, owing to the greater thickness of the sheet metal the deformation only appears for very large forces ac cording to an identical process with an end closure having two channels.
  • the connecting fillet 8 which is the first subject to deformation opens progressively carrying with it the small peripheral turnover channel 5.
  • a metal drum comprising a cylindrical body having steel metal end closures at both ends thereof, each said clousure having a cylindrical wall that fits inside the corresponding end of the cylindrical body of the drum.
  • each said closure comprising a wall perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical body of the drum and spaced axially inwardly from an outer edge of the cylindrical body, each said closure having a small downwardly opening rounded turnover channel interconnecting said cylindrical wall and said perpendicular wall, a connecting fillet in each end closure radially inwardly following said turnover channel, said perpendicular wall having at least one protective expansion zone projecting only inwardly into the cylindrical body of the drum in a direction opposite the associated outer edge of the cylindrical body of the drum, said at least one expansion zone comprising an inverted U-shaped expansible stiffening channel both the width and the height of which are very much greater than those of the said turnover channel, and said perpendicular wall being flat apart from said turnover channel and fillet and said at least one Ushaped stiffening channel.
  • a metal drum according to claim 1 wherein when the end closures are of 8/10 mm sheet metal and the diameter of the cylindrical body 600 mm, two expansion zones are provided.
  • each U-shaped expansible stiffening channel has a semicircular portion joined to said perpendicular wall by two slightly divergent panels and by connecting fillets.
  • each of the said divergent panels makes an angle approaching a right angle with said perpendicular wall.
  • each U-shaped expansible stiffening channel measured from said perpendicular wall of the end closure is equal to at least 2% of the diameter of the cylindrical wall of the end closure.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rigid Containers With Two Or More Constituent Elements (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
US258410A 1971-06-09 1972-05-31 End closures for metal drums Expired - Lifetime US3907152A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7120846A FR2140296B1 (fi) 1971-06-09 1971-06-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3907152A true US3907152A (en) 1975-09-23

Family

ID=9078335

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US258410A Expired - Lifetime US3907152A (en) 1971-06-09 1972-05-31 End closures for metal drums

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3907152A (fi)
AU (1) AU459074B2 (fi)
BE (1) BE783824A (fi)
DE (1) DE2227966A1 (fi)
ES (1) ES181303Y (fi)
FR (1) FR2140296B1 (fi)
GB (1) GB1331400A (fi)
IT (1) IT956406B (fi)
NL (1) NL7207910A (fi)
OA (1) OA04397A (fi)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4120419A (en) * 1976-02-23 1978-10-17 National Steel Corporation High strength seamless chime can body, sheet metal container for vacuum packs, and manufacture
US4263860A (en) * 1979-06-18 1981-04-28 Greif Bros. Corporation Seal drum with end closure having reinforced seams
US4560080A (en) * 1981-04-10 1985-12-24 The Continental Group, Inc. Reinforced structure for steel ends of cylindrical shipping containers
US4655358A (en) * 1981-03-10 1987-04-07 American Can Company Bottom profile
US5356256A (en) * 1992-10-02 1994-10-18 Turner Timothy L Reformed container end
US5590807A (en) * 1992-10-02 1997-01-07 American National Can Company Reformed container end
US5755353A (en) * 1994-06-16 1998-05-26 Russell-Stanley Corporation Steel drum with flattened rolling hoops
US20110204055A1 (en) * 2004-09-27 2011-08-25 Ball Corporation Container End Closure With Improved Chuck Wall and Countersink
US20120024859A1 (en) * 2010-07-30 2012-02-02 Francesco Longoni Container
US8313004B2 (en) 2001-07-03 2012-11-20 Ball Corporation Can shell and double-seamed can end
US20140263372A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Silgan Containers Llc Container with concentric segmented can bottom
EP3636539A1 (en) * 2018-10-11 2020-04-15 Airbus Operations, S.L. Panel for an aircraft

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8609459D0 (en) * 1986-04-17 1986-05-21 Int Paint Plc Bottom seam for pail

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US327254A (en) * 1885-09-29 John graves
US1045055A (en) * 1912-03-05 1912-11-19 George E Mittinger Jr Metal keg.
US1099194A (en) * 1913-07-14 1914-06-09 Lewis W Newcomer Packing-receptacle.
US1381435A (en) * 1918-03-04 1921-06-14 Can Conservation Company Receptacle and the art of its recovery
US1957639A (en) * 1932-06-25 1934-05-08 Seeman Brothers Inc Can construction
US2027430A (en) * 1933-10-17 1936-01-14 Hansen Carl Hilmer Container
US2971671A (en) * 1956-10-31 1961-02-14 Pabst Brewing Co Container
US3057537A (en) * 1960-11-17 1962-10-09 Pollick Frank Cover for paper coffee cup

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US327254A (en) * 1885-09-29 John graves
US1045055A (en) * 1912-03-05 1912-11-19 George E Mittinger Jr Metal keg.
US1099194A (en) * 1913-07-14 1914-06-09 Lewis W Newcomer Packing-receptacle.
US1381435A (en) * 1918-03-04 1921-06-14 Can Conservation Company Receptacle and the art of its recovery
US1957639A (en) * 1932-06-25 1934-05-08 Seeman Brothers Inc Can construction
US2027430A (en) * 1933-10-17 1936-01-14 Hansen Carl Hilmer Container
US2971671A (en) * 1956-10-31 1961-02-14 Pabst Brewing Co Container
US3057537A (en) * 1960-11-17 1962-10-09 Pollick Frank Cover for paper coffee cup

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4120419A (en) * 1976-02-23 1978-10-17 National Steel Corporation High strength seamless chime can body, sheet metal container for vacuum packs, and manufacture
US4263860A (en) * 1979-06-18 1981-04-28 Greif Bros. Corporation Seal drum with end closure having reinforced seams
US4655358A (en) * 1981-03-10 1987-04-07 American Can Company Bottom profile
US4560080A (en) * 1981-04-10 1985-12-24 The Continental Group, Inc. Reinforced structure for steel ends of cylindrical shipping containers
US5356256A (en) * 1992-10-02 1994-10-18 Turner Timothy L Reformed container end
US5527143A (en) * 1992-10-02 1996-06-18 American National Can Company Reformed container end
US5590807A (en) * 1992-10-02 1997-01-07 American National Can Company Reformed container end
US5598734A (en) * 1992-10-02 1997-02-04 American National Can Company Reformed container end
US5755353A (en) * 1994-06-16 1998-05-26 Russell-Stanley Corporation Steel drum with flattened rolling hoops
US10246217B2 (en) 2001-07-03 2019-04-02 Ball Corporation Can shell and double-seamed can end
US8313004B2 (en) 2001-07-03 2012-11-20 Ball Corporation Can shell and double-seamed can end
US10843845B2 (en) 2001-07-03 2020-11-24 Ball Corporation Can shell and double-seamed can end
US8931660B2 (en) 2001-07-03 2015-01-13 Ball Corporation Can shell and double-seamed can end
US9371152B2 (en) 2001-07-03 2016-06-21 Ball Corporation Can shell and double-seamed can end
US20110204055A1 (en) * 2004-09-27 2011-08-25 Ball Corporation Container End Closure With Improved Chuck Wall and Countersink
US8235244B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2012-08-07 Ball Corporation Container end closure with arcuate shaped chuck wall
US20120292329A1 (en) * 2004-09-27 2012-11-22 Ball Corporation Container End Closure With Improved Chuck Wall and Countersink
US8505765B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2013-08-13 Ball Corporation Container end closure with improved chuck wall provided between a peripheral cover hook and countersink
US20120024859A1 (en) * 2010-07-30 2012-02-02 Francesco Longoni Container
US20140263372A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Silgan Containers Llc Container with concentric segmented can bottom
EP3636539A1 (en) * 2018-10-11 2020-04-15 Airbus Operations, S.L. Panel for an aircraft

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES181303Y (es) 1975-04-16
AU4321572A (en) 1973-12-13
OA04397A (fr) 1980-02-15
NL7207910A (fi) 1972-12-12
ES181303U (es) 1973-03-16
AU459074B2 (en) 1975-02-24
DE2227966A1 (de) 1972-12-14
GB1331400A (fi) 1973-09-26
FR2140296A1 (fi) 1973-01-19
BE783824A (fr) 1972-09-18
IT956406B (it) 1973-10-10
FR2140296B1 (fi) 1976-03-19

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