US3906943A - Orthopedic device - Google Patents
Orthopedic device Download PDFInfo
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- US3906943A US3906943A US465404A US46540474A US3906943A US 3906943 A US3906943 A US 3906943A US 465404 A US465404 A US 465404A US 46540474 A US46540474 A US 46540474A US 3906943 A US3906943 A US 3906943A
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- plastic sheet
- sheet member
- psi
- orthopedic device
- insulating
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
- A61F5/01—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces
- A61F5/0102—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations
- A61F5/0104—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations without articulation
- A61F5/0118—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations without articulation for the arms, hands or fingers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/07—Stiffening bandages
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/026—Knitted fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
- B32B2262/0269—Aromatic polyamide fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2327/00—Polyvinylhalogenides
- B32B2327/06—PVC, i.e. polyvinylchloride
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
- Y10T428/266—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension of base or substrate
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
- Y10T442/3854—Woven fabric with a preformed polymeric film or sheet
- Y10T442/387—Vinyl polymer or copolymer sheet or film [e.g., polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl acetate, etc.]
Definitions
- This invention relates to orthopedic devices having broad rriedical applicatioinsi These devices are used to support, position, protect, immobilize and/or restrain portions of the body.
- Orthopedic devices is a broad term that is used to described medical structures -such as casts, splints, supports, braces'and other means utilized to support, 'immobilize restrain, protect and position body portions. They are used in many fields, including the physical medicine and rehabilitation field, general medicine, neurological field, and the veterinary field. They are also used to prevent recurrance of previous disabilities, and to prevent discomfiture and subsequent disability.
- Orthopedic devices should desirably be lightweight. They should be capable of immobilizing a portion of the body when that is theinte-ndedpurpose: Similarly, they should be capable ofresiliant'support when that is required. The orthopedic device should becapable of being formed in a practical manner and without discomfort to the patient. Additionally, the orthopedic device should not have properties which irritate the patient during the period in which it is in service.
- the plastic sheet member is between about mils and mils thick.
- the insulating fabric layer is between about 10 mils and 22 mils thick. It is capable of being molded (formed) with application of normal finger pressure when the plastic is at a temperature above 129l 30F.
- the temperature at the outside of the insulating fabric is at least about 25F'cooler than the plastic member.
- the orthopedic device preferably 'has both sides of the plastic sheet member covered with fabric.
- the side covered with the insulating fabric is the inside surface of the device and isthe side ,intended to be placed against. the bodysurface during service,
- the other side (the outside of the dev ice'yiscovered witha fabric layer (referred to herein as the ,Outsid or other fabric layer which protects the plastic.
- the insulating layer is bonded to the plastic and preferablythe outside BRIEF'DESCRIPTION 01-" THE DRAWINGS
- FIG. 1 is a rectangular blank having a construction in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 2a is an enlarged cross section along theline 22 of FIG. 1 of one embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 2b is an enlargedzcross section along the line 2-2 of FIG. l.of another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective of a formed back support having a. construction in accordance with the embodiment of FIG. 2a;
- FIG. .4 is a perspective of a formed arm splint having a construction in accordance with the embodiment of FIG. 2a.
- the insulating layer of fabric is a woven, felted, matted, batted or knitted fabric between about 10 mils-and 22mils thick.
- the insulated fabrics may be used in Weights of about 4 oz. per square yard, up to about 16 oz. per square yard.
- the preferred weight is about 5 to 8 oz. per square yard.
- the insulating fabric preferably should have a coefficient of heat transfer below about 2 callsec/cm' /cm/ Cx l 0, and more preferably below about 1.6 cal/sec/cm /cm/Cx10
- the insulating fabric layer is affixed to the central plastic member with an adhesive, preferably a thermoplastic adhesive. Since relatively high shaping and molding temperatures, e.g., 400F, may be used to shape the orthopedic device, the thermoplastic adhesive should be one which will remain bonded to the fabric andto the central'plastic member at the temperatures used to heat and form'the device. It is preferred that it should retain said property .at temperatures above 200F and for an added safety factor, it is preferred that it should retain said property at above about 350F for devices which will be: shaped before service.
- the outside adhesive may be a polyurethane; preferl ably a flexible thermoplastic polyester type polyurethane adhesive. This material also has the advantages of good resistance to perspiration, washing and dry cleaning. Although the polyester type polyurethanes are preferred, polyether types may also be used. Thermosetting polyurethane adhesives may also be used, such as hydroxyl terminated hexanediol adipate polyester crosslinked with about 4% of 4,4-diphenyl methane diisocyanate.
- Alternate but less preferred adhesives include the acrylates, such as polyethyl acrylate, polybutyl acrylate, and polyethylhexyl acrylate; and a polyvinyl acetate homopolymer and a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate.
- the adhesive may also be blends of the forego-
- the adhesive may be coated as a thin layer on the central plastic member and the fabric layer positioned on the adhesive, usually with the application of pressure. This will usually result in the adhesive penetrating into the fabric layer. With a combination of a sufficiently thin adhesive layer and sufficient pressure during application, there may be some direct contact of some of the fabric with the central plastic member.
- the adhesive should not be a thick foamed layer; it is preferably thin and not a foamed material.
- the fabric particularly when woven, may be partially or wholly impregnated with a plastic adhesive before being applied to the central plastic layer.
- the preferred insulating fabric layers are partially impreganted, with the impregnating plastic being applied from one surface to a depth of between about 0.1 mil and 7 mils and preferably between about 0.05 and 5 mils. This results in a thin coating on the surface of the fabric, which is applied hot (or heated after application) and affixes the impregnated fabric to the central plastic member.
- the fabric layer may also be bonded to the plastic member by fusing, i.e., heating until the plastic is viscous, at a temperature above about 325F, and then contacting the fabric with pressure so that the surface of the-plastic partially impregnates the fabric and upon cooling is bonded thereto.
- the strength and flexural properties of the orthopedic device at ambient temperatures are largely contributed by the plastic central member.
- This member is strong and has the ability to be resilient in some configurations and sizes. It has the ability to be substantially rigid in specific configurations, i.e., O-sections, L- sections, U-sections, etc.
- a device may include several different configurations and be substantially rigid in a specific area and quite resilient in another area thereof.
- the versatility of the orthopedic devices is illustrated by the following properties of the plastic sheet. Different configurations were prepared from sheet (9093 mils thick) having the composition illustrated hereinafter. The sheet was 6% inches long.
- An 0 configuration was prepared with a radius of tube of thirteen-sixteenths inches. The tube was held with clamps at each end. The tube was supported at each end and on the bottom. The load was supported on two focal points 4 inches apart at the bottom, and the load applied from the top to the center of the tube. The deflection follows:
- Machine Deflection "" The machine deflection includes bending of the tube over its entire length, and flattening of the tube at all three focal points.
- a U-configuration was prepared with a 2% inches width of configuration and a twenty-nine thirty-seconds inch radius of bend.
- the arms of the U were mounted parallel to the horizontal (held in vice) and the load applied to the upper arm.
- a constant load test provided the following:
- Devices in blank form, i.e., flat
- Blanks for splints and braces are preferably about 80-120 mils thick.
- the preferred blanks for highly shaped casts may be of a variety of widths dependent upon the final configuration and service requirements.
- the plastic preferably has a tensile strength (at yield) of between 2,000 and 10,000 psi and more preferably between 5,000 and 8,000 psi (ASTM D-638).
- the central plastic layer is relatively stiff as reflected by a percent elongation at yield of between about 3 and 30% and preferably between about 4 and 8%.
- the properties to yield are more important than to rupture since the properties should not exceed yield in service.
- the flexural strength (ASTM-790) is between 3,000 and 14,000 psi and preferably between 8,000 and 12,000 psi.
- the flexural modulus (ASTM-790) is between 0.5 X and 7 X 10 psi and preferably between 2 X 10 and 5 X 10 psi.
- the notched lzod (ASTM D- 256) in foot-pounds per inch is between 0.3 and 30 and preferably between 0.5 and 15.
- the Rockwell hardness is between R scale and 55 D scale and preferably between 90 and 100 R scale.
- the Vicat softening point (ASTM D-1525-70) is between 60C and 80C.
- a sample of the preferred impact modified polyvinyl chloride plastic member which is illustrated in the Example has an average tensile (i 100 psi) at yield of about 7,550 psi and at rupture of about 3,800 psi (ASTM D-638).
- the average i 0.5% percent elongation at yield is 5% and the average percent elongation at rupture is 14.2%.
- the average flexural strength is 10.8 X 10 psi and the Flexural Modulus is 4.1 X 10 psi (ASTM D-790).
- Another sample of the same composition had a tensile strength at yield of 6,785 psi; an elongation at yield of 5.6%; a flexural modulus of 3.94 X 10 psi; a flexural strength of 1 1,612 psi; a RockwellR of 94; a Vicat of 74C; and a notched lzod of 0.91 foot pounds per inch.
- the central plastic member may be formulated from various polymer systems, such vinyl-chloridepropylene copolymers, vinyl-chloride-ethylene copolymers, or the corresponding interpolymer containing diallyl maleate. It is preferred to utilize an impact modified polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composition utilizing a PVC resin having a number average molecular weight of 20,000-23,000.
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- the composition contains between about 10 and 14 parts of an impact modifier, between 1% and 2 parts of lubricant, and between 7 /2 and 8 /2 parts of a plasticizer, per 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride homopolymer resin.
- the composition will also contain stabilizers (6-9) parts and various processing aids (1.5-2.1 parts) and usually pigments (up to 5 parts).
- a preferred PVC composition and exemplified composition follow: a
- a sheet of the polyvinyl chloride having a thickness of about -90 mils was prepared from small pellets about one-eighth three-sixteenth in diameter. The pellets were heated in an extruder and the resin composition extruded in the form of a rope-shaped material of a diameter of about one-half inch which is then milled in rollers and calendered into sheet about 15-20 mils thick. Four sections of such sheet were laminated together in a press with a heated die to form sheets about 80-90 mils thick. The physical properties of this test sheet were reported hereinbefore. Additional de tails concerning the said plastic compositions and the manner of producing them are disclosed in copending application, Ser. No. 465,403 filed Apr. 29, 1974, entitled POLYVINYL CHLORIDE COMPOSITION" and naming AXEL W. TYBUS and LEONARD A. FA- BRIZIO as the inventors. The disclosure of said compending application is incorporated herein by reference.
- the polyvinyl chloride sheet material may be formed in production by heating the small PVC composition pellets in an extruder and directly extruding in sheet form having the desired thickness.
- An alternate procedure is to mill and calendar rope-shape material of a diameter from about /2 to 4 inch. Sheet material taken from such processes and particularly direct extrusion is stressed and is preferably stress relieved by annealing at temperatures of about 320F. It is possible to anneal simultaneously with the application of an adhesive or an adhesive and fabric.
- the outside fabric layer protects the plastic surface from damage during shipment, storage and handling of the flat orthopedic device before it is molded and also to protect it after it has been shaped. It also protects the plastic layer during heating. If a heating element is used, for example, a hot iron, directly in contact with the orthopedic support, the outside fabric layer serves to prevent adherence of the plastic to the heating element.
- This outside fabric layer also functions together with the insulating fabric layer to maintain the coherency of the orthopedic device when it is heated to elevated temperatures. Since the outside fabric layer is bonded to the plastic, it will be in tension when the orthopedic device is shaped into a curve with the outer fabric layer on the outside of the curve. It is therefore preferably of a resiliant or stretch material which will'not apply pressure on and tend to distort the plastic layer at ambient and particularly at elevated shaping and/or forming temperatures.
- the outside fabric layer may be subjected to very high temperatures.
- the preferred fabrics are those resistant to prolonged heating at 250F and short term heating to substantially higher temperatures.
- These high temperature resistant fabrics include the high temperature stabilized nylons: the high temperature stabilized polyesters; the Spandexs (polyurethanes); the armids; such as Nomex; high temperature acrylics; the aforedescribed Collins & Aikman blends of 50% Kynol and 50% Nomex and particularly the lighter weight fabrics; and linen.
- the said nylons, polyesters, and aramids, are preferred.
- lower temperature fabrics such as cotton and wool may be used.
- the other fabric layer is between about 4 and 22 mils thick and preferably between about and l5 mils thick. It is preferably affixed to the plastic central member by an adhesive such as a thermoplastic polyurethane resin.
- the other fabric layer may be fixed to the central plastic member by fusing with an adhesive in the same manner as that described hereinbefore for affixing the insulating fabric layer to the central plastic member.
- the same adhesive may be used in both instances, or different adhesives particularly when the two fabric layers comprise different types of fabric.
- the orthopedic device may be made by sequentially affixing each of the fabric layers to the central plastic layer.
- Orthopedic devices have been prepared by first affixing a insulating fabric layer to the central plastic member by passing a three-layered material comprising the central plastic member and extruded polyester film of about 2V2-3 mil thickness and the 7 oz.
- Collins & Aikman fabric described hereinbefore through a Reliant roll press which was at 350" and applying l2 psi for 18 seconds.
- the extruded polyester film was a thermoplastic.
- the orthopedic device is readily cut.
- the cutting may be carried out by shears, for example, a scissors or other sharp edge.
- Those orthopedic deviceshaving both sides of the plastic member covered by fabric'layers retain integrity even at elevated temperatures.
- the temperatures may be elevated, e.g., up to about 250-400F. At these temperatures the device maintains its integrity but becomes highly pliable.-The.orthopedic device may be cut and the plastic does not run out from between the fabric layers.
- the orthopedic device is heated to such high temperatures and removed from the source of heat, it may be shaped and molded and formed over a period up to about 6l0,minutes. The rough shaping is carried out;
- the orthopedic device begins to cool from this elevated temperature.
- theouter surface of the insulating fiber is cooled sufficie ntly, it may be pressed against the body portion to be formediinto its final shape, generally under finger pressure. After the orthopedic device is applied against the body, there is still sufficient timeduring which final molding to conform to the desired body and/or device shape may be carried out.
- the orthopedic device may be heated in a constant temperature fluid bath, such as a water bath or a hot oven or radiant energy. It is preferred that heat be applied only to the side of the orthopedic device which will not be applied against the patient. This may be accomplished by radiant heat, a hot air gun or hairdryer and preferably because of their ready availability, a hot plate or't ray and an ironinthe form of the familar hot tray, home iron or even a special round or eurved iron.
- a constant temperature fluid bath such as a water bath or a hot oven or radiant energy. It is preferred that heat be applied only to the side of the orthopedic device which will not be applied against the patient. This may be accomplished by radiant heat, a hot air gun or hairdryer and preferably because of their ready availability, a hot plate or't ray and an ironinthe form of the familar hot tray, home iron or even a special round or eurved iron.
- the hot surface of an iron which may be as hotas 300500F, may be applied to the fabric layer of the orthopedic device and heat it to temperatures at which it becomes extremely pliable sothat it may be cutandshaped to extremely complex shapes.
- the heatsource is removed and/or intermittently applied and the orthopedicdevice applied against the body portion and molded to the desired shape.
- the molding or forming may be carried out by finger pressure.
- the person applying and forming the orthopedic device may wear gloves.v
- The. upper temperature limit which may be applied against a portion. of the human body varies dependent upon the area of skin in contact with the heat, the time of contact, and the individual tolerance to high temperature.
- the temperature should not be above about l20-l 25F for short term contact and preferably below l20F for contact of several minutes.
- the orthopedic device in blank form When the orthopedic device in blank form is pre-cut and requires only forming, it may be heated to a temperature between about 1 65 l F from one side, and when the outside of the insulating fabric layer issufficiently cool, applied to the patients body and formed into the desired contoured shape.
- the central plastic member of the orthopedic device solidifies at a temperature of about l20-l30F.
- the temperature of the plastic central member should be above about F during forming.
- the outer temperture of the insulating fabric layer should be at least 25F cooler than the temperature of the plastic central :9 member during forming, and is preferably at least 30F cooler. It is even more preferredthatthe outer temperature be at least 350F or 40F cooler than the plastic. The foregoing particularly applies during the .plastic forming range of I30.”F up to about l60 F. y
- the heat is applied against the'side of the orthopedic device cov ered by the other fabric layer.
- both sides of the plastic central member maybe covered by insulating fabric. This would permit the entire member to be heated to an elevated temperature and retain the heat for a longer period of time.
- the molded orthopedic device maybe ijnmany forms dependent upon the intended service and particularly the portion f the body to which is applied.
- the orthopedic device when manufactured will be in the form of sheet material.
- sheet blanks will be in a variety of sizes such as squares from about 4 inches on a side up to about 2 feet on a side and even larger sizes. Rectangular and even oval or round blanks may be prepared. These blanks will have the central plastic member in sheet'form with the insulating fabric bonded on one side and preferably the other fabric layer bonded on the other side.
- Such blanks may have a total overall thickness somewhat less than the sum of the thickness of the plastic central member plus the two fabric coatings as a result of the manufacturing process which involves the application of pressure either in the form of a press or more rolls.
- FIG. 1 of the drawing illustrates a rectangularshaped blank (flat orthopedic device) 10 having the insulating fabric layer ll'on one'side of the plastic sheet.
- FIGS. 2a and 2b illustrate two embodiments of the invention along line 22 of'FIG. l.
- FIG. 2a illustrates the preferred embodiment of the invention in which the insulating layer 11 is on one side of the plastic sheet 12 and the other side of the plastic usually in the form of pressuresheet 12 is covered by. the other fabric layer 13.
- the it relative thickness of the layers in the drawing is for illustrative purposes only. I
- FIG. 2] depicts the embodiment of the invention in which one side of the plastic sheet 12 is not covered by a fabric layer.
- Such an orthopedic device may be used by positioning the insulated fabric side 11 against the body portion and then covering the exposed plastic with a loose sheet material and applying a hot iron against the sheet until the'plastic is sufficiently soft so that it may be molded to the desired body shape. It may also be preheated.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a shaped and formed back support 14 with formed contours such as those illustrated at 15 and 15.
- the central portion 19 is relatively fixed and supports the spinal area and portions 15 and 15 are more resilient and support the back and related-lower body portions.
- FIG. 4 illustrates an arm splint 16 having hand section 17, wrist section 18,: and forearm section 19.
- a flat blank orthopedic device was formed from a;
- This insulating fabric had a weight of about 7 ounces per square yard and was about 14 mils thick. It was impregnated from one side with va,-polyester flexible polyurethane thermoplastic adhesive to a depth of about 3 mils on one side. A thin coating remained on the side to which the impregnant was applied. It was bonded to. the plastic member by heating the impregnated insulating fabric to a temperature of about 325F and then covering the plastic sheet and applying lightpressure. The other side of the plasp tic sheet was covered by a knit stabilized nylon fabric of a thickness of about 14 mils similarly impregnated with the same adhesive. It was similarlybonded to the plastic member.
- thermocooling characteristics of the various components of the orthopedic device when heated to high temperatures are illustrated in the following time-temperature profile of a flat (blank) about 6% X 6% inches.
- the central plastic member was about 69 mils thick.
- the insulating fabric was the aforedescribed Collins & Aikman no-burn fabric (7 oz. weight) about 15-18 mils thick.
- the other fabric was a knit (tricot) stabilized nylon about 12 mils thick. Both of the fabrics were applied to the plastic member by spreading an adhesive on one side of the plastic member and then applying the fabric and applying a heated iron to heat the fabric and adhesive to the temperature range to about 3503 F. The adhesive was spread to a thickness of about 3 mils.
- the insulating fabric was applied using the thermoplastic polyurethane adhesive described hereinbefore.
- the nylon adhesive was the thermosetting; polyurethane described hereinbefore containing about 4% of the cross-linking diisocyanate.
- the thermal properties were determined by first heating the device and then allowing it to cool in air (room temperature 697-IF) and measuring the rates thereof.
- the device was positioned with the nylon fabric face about three-eighths of an inch away from the hot plate and parallel thereto.
- the hot plate was measured to have a surface temperature of about 409F.
- the device was heated to the temperatures noted in the following table and then permitted to cool.
- a thermocouple T was positioned on the central plastic member face which is bonded to the nylon, and a thermocouple T was on the side of the plastic member which is bonded tothe insulating fabric.
- the time-temperature profile follows:
- the aforesaid time-temperature profile establishes that there was more than eight minutes of shaping and forming time, i.e., the time starting with the removal of the heat source, until solidification occurs.
- Pratical testing of numerous samples having the nylon fabric on one side and the no-burn Collins & Aikman insulating fabric on the other side has established that when the device has been heated to over 300F and preferably to 325F, there is at least 7 /2 minutes of shaping and forming time.
- Tests with other experimental devices in which the other fabric is not nylon, for example, cotton, have established that the cooling time to solidifi-.
- cation may be different and in some cases appreciably shorter, for example, as little as 4 /2 minutes.
- the actual cooling time for a given device may .vary with the overall thickness and other dimensions of the device as well as the amount of heating time and ultimate temperature and and the cooling conditions.
- Temperature determinations were also made on the outside of the insulated fabric layer during the timetemperature profile, and during other heating and cooling tests. It was found that when using the aforesaid 7 02. Collins & Aikman no-burn fabric, the temperature differential between the outside of the fabric and the plastic was about 40F. The temperature measurements sometimes indicated a variation of :IOF, but were usually within iF.
- the blank" orthopedic device When the blank" orthopedic device is severely shaped at temperatures above about 325F, e.g., some portions bent around one axis and other portions bent around a perpendicular or other intersecting axis, there may be some displacement of plastic within the fabric layers so that the resultant shaped (and usually formed) device may no longer be of a consistent uniform thickness.
- Some practitioners who apply the orthopedic devices may wish to outline the shape, particularly when the shape is relatively intricate, in a pattern on the blank (flat) orthopedic device before cutting it into the rough shape and forming. This may be accomplished in several methods depending upon the fabrics involved. Certain fabrics, e.g., the woven blend of Kynol and Nomex described hereinbeforc, may be marked with a marker, e.g., pen, pencil, crayon, etc. Alternately, a paper layer may be affixed to one of the fabric layers by a pressuresensitive adhesive. The surface of the paper may be marked and used as a pattern and the orthopedic device cut and shaped. The paper may be removed immediately after cutting or in some cases desirably retained until rough shaping is completed. It would then be stripped from the fabric layer.
- a marker e.g., pen, pencil, crayon, etc.
- a paper layer may be affixed to one of the fabric layers by a pressuresensitive adhesive. The surface of the paper may be marked and used as a pattern and the orthopedic
- the orthopedic'devices of the present invention have many advantages. When used as a relatively large support without severe bending, such as a back support, the orthopedic device supplies resilient support. When used as a cast it will immobilize. When used to keep a body part in bent position such as a knee cage, restraint in only direction is required.
- the orthopedic devices have special utility for service where adjustment in the shape of the device is desirable during a protracted period of time. Thus, as the patient responds to treatment, change in position may be desirable. In the past with plaster casts, the old cast had to be removed and a new cast formed.
- the orthopedic devices of the present invention may be partially reshaped even when attached to the body by localized application of heat and mold-
- One of the most important uses of orthopedic devices is support of the lumbo-sacral region of the back. Immobilization of the lower body area risks a number of ill effects including shrinkage of tendons, and elasticity loss and weakening of muscles.
- the orthopedic devices of the present invention provide effective support and permit stabilization and immobilization of the lower spine withoutthe foregoing adverse effects. This results from the unique combination of physical properties which provide substantial immobilization by those portions of the device which are highly contoured and at the same time provide resilient support by other less contoured portions of the back support and thereby permit body movement.
- back supports which have been impossible or very difficult to make using prior materials which cover relatively diverse and/or large portions of the back and, in some cases, may overlap around the sides of the body or over the shoulder.
- the orthopedic devices may be used in the veterinary field in a manner parallel to their use with humans.
- the orthopedic devices may be placed in a pocket or pouch of a garment which encircles a part of the body and thereby positions the orthopedic device.
- the orthopedic device should be placed directly against the body portion and encircle it, and therefore it is self attaching.
- the orthopedic device should have loops or other means of attachment for belts and other types of bindings such as Velcro fasteners, etc. These may be affixed to or even incorporated into one or both of the fabric layers. In such-instances they will be affixed to the fabric layer which is on the side of the orthopedic device away from the patients skin, i.e., in most instances the outside fabric layer.
- Orthopedic devices may be formed in self-closing and fastening configurations or may be fastened in any and all ways known in the art today.
- the orthopedic devices may be provided as flat blanks for molding and shaping by the ultimate user. They may also be provided in preformed shapes, such as a series of preformed back supports which will generally conform to the body portions of the appropriate size. These orthopedic devices would have the advantage over other preformed devices in that final adjustment to individual variations may be made. They will also have the advantages over prior orthopedic devices in their combination of rigidity and resilience in different directions.
- orthopedic devices will generally be conformed to the shape of the body, they may sometimes be shaped differently so as to make the body conform to the shape of the orthopedic device during service, e.g., a correctly formed arch support for use by a person having a fallen arch.
- orthopedic devices which will be attached to the body. They may also be used in equipment which is not attached to the body but comes into contact with the body such as the seat of a chair, particularly an orthopedic chair, foot supports such as arch supports, and other portions of shoes and boots. They may be used in ski boots wherein relative rigidity in certain directions is desired in combination with resiliance in other directions of movement.
- a formable orthopedic device comprising a plastic sheet member having one side covered with an insulating fabric layer which is affixed to said plastic sheet member;
- said plastic sheet member being at least about 50 mils thick, and having a tensile strength at yield of between 2,000 and 10,000 psi, an elongation at yield of between 3 and 30%, a flexural strength of be tween 3,000 and 14,000 psi, 21 flexural modulus of between about 0.5 X 10 and 7 X psi, a notched Izod of between 0.3 and 30 foot pounds per inch, a Rockwell hardness of between on the R scale and 55 on the D scale, and a Vicat softening point of between 60 and 80C;
- said insulating fabric layer being at least about 10 mils thick, and is a fabric comprising fibers selected from the group consisting of aramid fibers and high temperature cross-linked phenolformaldehyde fibers, which has a coefficient of heat transfer below about 2 cal/sec/cm /cm/C 10 2.
- said plastic sheet member is between 50 and 120 mils thick and has the tensile strength at yield of between 5,000 and 8,000 psi, an elongation at yield of between about 4 and 8%, a flexural strength of between about 8,000
- a flexural modulus of between about 2 X 10 and 5 X 10 psi
- a notched Izod of between 0.5 and 15 foot pounds per inch
- a Rockwell of between 90 and 100 R.
- said plastic sheet member is between about 65 and 80 mils thick
- said insulating fabric layer is a woven 50:50 blend of an aramid and a hightemperature cross-linked phenolformaldehyde fiber.
- plastic sheet member is an impact-modified polyvinyl chloride composition between about 80 and I mils thick
- said insulating fabric layer is a woven 50:50 blend of an aramid and a hightemperature cross-linked phenolformaldehyde fiber.
- plastic sheet member is between about 65 and 80 mils thick
- said insulating fabric layer is a blend of an aramid and a high-temperature cross-linked phenolformaldehyde fiber.
- said plastic sheet member is between about 80 and 120 mils thick
- said insulating fabric layer is a blend of an aramid and a high-temperature cross-linked phenolformaldehyde fiber.
- An orthopedic device comprising a central plastic sheet member having one side covered with a fabric insulating layer and the other side covered with a fabric layer, both of said fabric layers being bonded to said plastic sheet member;
- plastic sheet member being between 50 and 120 mils thick, and having a tensile strength at yield of above about 2,000 psi, and an elongation at yield of between 3 and 30%, a flexural strength of between 3,000 and 14,000 psi, and a flexural modulus of between about 0.5 X 10 and 7 X 10 psi;
- said insulating fabric layer being between about 10 and 22 mils thick;
- said other fabric layer being about 4 and 22 mils thick and functioning to protect said plastic layer
- said orthopedic device being formable at tempera tures above about 130F.
- plastic sheet member has a tensile strength at yield of between 2,000 and 10,000 psi, a notched Izod of between 0.3 and 30 foot pounds per inch, a Rockwell hardness of between 15 on the R scale and 55 on the D scale, and a Vicat softening point of between 60 and C; and
- said insulating fabric layer has a coefficient of heat transfer below about 2 cal/sec/cm /cm/C lO".
- plastic sheet member has the tensile strength at yield of between 5,000 and 8,000 psi, an elongation at yield of between about 4 and 8%, a flexural strength of between about 8,000 and 12,000 psi, a flexural modulus of between about 2 X 10 and 5 X 10 psi, a notched Izod of between 0.5 and 15 foot pounds per inch, and a Rockwell of between and R; and
- said insulating fabric layer has a coefficient of heat transfer below about 1.6 cal/- sec/cm /cm/C lO 12.
- said other fabric layer is a fabric selected from the group consisting of high temperature stabilized nylons, high temperature stabilized polyesters, and aramids.
- the insulating fabric has insulating characteristics such that the temperature of the outside surface of said insulating fabric layer is at least 35F below the temperature of said plastic sheet member.
- said orthopedic device of claim 12 wherein said insulating fabric layer is a fabric comprising fibers selected from the group consisting of aramid fibers and high temperature cross-linked phenol-formaldehyde fibers.
- the orthopedic device of claim 10 wherein said device is heated by application of heat to the side opposite that covered by the insulating fabric layer and said plastic sheet member is heated to temperatures above about 160F, the insulating fabric has insulating characteristics such that the temperature of the outside surface of said insulating fabric layer is at least 25F below the temperature of said plastic sheet member.
- An orthopedic device comprising a central plastic sheet member having one side covered with an insulating fabric layer and the other side covered with a high temperature knitted fabric comprising fibers selected from stabilized nylon fibers and stabilized polyester fibers, said fabric layers being bonded to said plastic sheet member;
- plastic sheet member being between 50 and 120 mils thick, and having a tensile strength at yield of between about 2,000 and 10,000 psi, and an elongation at yield of between 3 and 30%, a flexural strength of between 3,000 and 14,000 psi, and a flexural modulus of between about 0.5 X 10 and 7 X psi;
- said insulating fabric layer being between about 10 and 22 mils thick;
- said knitted fabric layer being between about 4 and 22 mils thick and functioning to protect said plastic sheet member
- said orthopedic device when said layer device is heated by the application of heat to the knitted side and said plastic sheet memher is heated to temperatures above about 300F, said orthopedic device has thermal characteristics such that it may be shaped and molded for a period of at least about 4 /2 minutes before it solidifies.
- plastic sheet member is an impact-modified polyvinyl chloride composition and has a tensile strength at yield of between 5,000 and 8,000 psi, an elongation at yield of between about 4 and 8%, a flexural strength of between about 8,000 and 12,000 psi, a flexural modulus of between about 2 X 10 and 5 X 10 psi and a notched lzod of between 0.5 and foot pounds per inch; and
- said insulating fabric layer has a coefficient of heat transfer below about 1.6 cal/- sec/cm /cm/Cl0' and wherein said orthopedic device has a shaping and molding time of at least about 7 /2 minutes.
- said insulating fabric layer is a woven 50:50 blend of an aramid and a high temperature cross-linked phenolformaldehyde fiber.
- the insulating fabric when said device is heated by application of heat to the knitted side, the insulating fabric has insulating characteristics such that the temperature of the outside surface of said insulating fabric layer is at least F below the temperature of said plastic sheet member.
- the insulating fabric when said device is heated by application of heat to the knitted side, the insulating fabric has insulating characteristics such that the temperature of the outside surface of said insulating fabric layer is at least F below the temperature of said plastic sheet member.
- An orthopedic device formable at elevated temperatures comprising a central plastic sheet member having one side covered with a fabric insulating layer and the other side covered with a stretch fabric which will not tend to distort the plastic sheet member when said device is formed, said fabric layers being bonded to said plastic sheet member; 7
- said plastic sheet member being at least mils thick, and having a tensile strength at yield of above about 2,000 psi, a flexural strength of between 3,000 and 14,000 psi, and a flexural modulus of between about 0.5 l0 and 7 X 10 psi; said insulating fabric layer being at least about 10 mils thick and being substantially thinner than said plastic sheet member;
- said stretch fabric layer being at least 4 mils thick and functioning to protect said plastic sheet member.
- plastic sheet member has a tensile strength at yield of between 2,000 and 10,000 psi, an elongation at yield of between about 3 and 30%, a notched Izod of between 0.3 and 30 foot pounds per inch, and a Rockwell hardness of between 15 on the R scale and on the D scale.
- plastic sheet member has the tensile strength at yield of between 5,000 and 8,000 psi, an elongation at yield of between about 4 and 8%, a flexural strength of between about 8,000 and 12,000 psi, a flexural modulus of between about 2 X 10 and 5 X 10 psi, a notched Izod of between 0.5 and 15 foot pounds per inch, and a Rockwell of between and R; and
- said insulating fabric layer has a coefficient of heat transfer 0 below about 2 cal/- sec/cm /cm/C l 0.
- said other fabric layer is a fabric comprising fibers selected from the group consisting of high temperature stabilized nylon fibers, and high temperature stabilized polyester fibers.
- said orthopedic device of claim 24 wherein said insulated fabric comprises fibers selected from the group consisting of aramid fibers and high temperature 0 cross-linked phenol-formaldehyde fibers.
- An orthopedic device shapeable at elevated temperatures comprising a central plastic sheet member having one side covered with a fabric insulatinglayer and the other side covered with a knit fabric which will not tend to distort the plastic sheet member when said device is shaped, said fabric layers being bonded to said plastic sheet member;
- said plastic sheet member being at least 50 mils thick, and having a tensile strength at yield of above about 2,000 psi, and an elongation at yield of between 3 and 30%, a flexural strength of between 3,000 and 14,000 psi, and a flexural modulus of between about 0.5 X 10 and 7 X 10 psi;
- said insulating fabric layer being at least about 10 mils thick and is a fabric composed of fibers selected from the group consisting of aramid fibers and high temperature cross-linked phenol-formaldehyde fibers;
- said stretch fabric layer being at least about 4 mils thick and functioning to protect said plastic sheet member.
- said stretch fabric which will not tend to distort the plastic sheet member is a knitted fabric comprising fibers selected from the group consisting of stabilized nylon fibers and stabilized polyester fibers.
- plastic sheet member has the tensile strength at yield of between 5,000 and 8,000 psi, an elongation at yield of between about 4 and 8% a flexural strength of between about 8,000 and 12,000 psi, a flexural modulus of between about 2 X 10 and 5 X psi, a notched Izod of between 0.5 and foot pounds per inch, and a Rockwell of between 90 and 100 R.
- An orthopedic device shapeable at elevated temperatures comprising a central plastic sheet member having one side covered with a fabric insulating layer and the other side covered with a high temperature knitted fabric which will not tend to distort the plastic sheet member when it is shaped, said fabric layers being bonded to said plastic sheet member;
- said plastic sheet member being at least 50 mils thick
- said insulating fabric layer being at least about 10 18 mils thick
- said knitted fabric layer is a. fabric composed of fibers selected from the group consisting of stabilized nylon fibers and stabilized polyester fibers and being at least about 4 mils thick and functioning to protect said plastic sheet member;
- said orthopedic device when said device is heated by the application of heat to the knitted side and said plastic sheet member is heated to temperatures above about 300F, said orthopedic device has thermal properties such that it may be shaped and molded for a period of at least about 4 /2 minutes before it solidifies.
- plastic sheet member has a tensile strength at yield of between 5,000 and 8,000 psi, an elongation at yield of between about 4 and 8%, a flexural strength of between about 8,000 and 12,000 psi, a flexural modulus of between about 2 X 10 and 5 X 10 psi, and a notched Izod of between 0.5 and 15 foot pounds per inch.
- plastic sheet member is an impact modified polyvinyl chloride plastic sheet having a thickness between about 50 and mils.
- said orthopedic device of claim 33 wherein said insulating layer is a fabric comprising fibers selected from the group consisting of aramid fibers and high temperature cross-linked phenyl-formaldehyde fibers.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Nursing (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
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- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Priority Applications (28)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US465404A US3906943A (en) | 1974-04-29 | 1974-04-29 | Orthopedic device |
AR25853575A AR205192A1 (es) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-01-01 | Un dispositivo ortopedico conformable |
IN672/CAL/1975A IN144424B (pt) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-02 | |
DE19752516945 DE2516945A1 (de) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-17 | Formbare orthopaedische vorrichtung |
FI751173A FI751173A (pt) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-18 | |
IL47138A IL47138A (en) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-22 | Orthopedic device |
AU80478/75A AU498833B2 (en) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-23 | Orthopedic device |
BE155686A BE828281A (fr) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-23 | Dispositif orthopedique |
JP5123375A JPS50147190A (pt) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-25 | |
DD18570975A DD118991A5 (pt) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-25 | |
BR7503235A BR7502551A (pt) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-25 | Dispositivo ortopedico |
FR7513025A FR2268533A1 (pt) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-25 | |
CA225,484A CA1049872A (en) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-25 | Orthopedic splint of thermoplastic sheet with insulating layer |
DK183975A DK183975A (da) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-28 | Orthopedisk hjelpemiddel |
IE939/75A IE41335B1 (en) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-28 | Orthopedic device |
ES437121A ES437121A1 (es) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-28 | Un dispositivo ortopedico. |
RO8211175A RO70399A (ro) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-28 | Placa ortopedica |
SE7504901A SE7504901L (sv) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-28 | Ortopedisk anordning. |
EG35675A EG11601A (en) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-28 | Orthopedic device |
AT325275A AT348111B (de) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-28 | Orthopaedische einrichtung |
PH17105A PH11113A (en) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-28 | Orthopedic device |
CH549375A CH597849A5 (pt) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-29 | |
NO751525A NO751525L (pt) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-29 | |
GB1779475A GB1517373A (en) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-29 | Orthopaedic device |
NL7505118A NL7505118A (nl) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-29 | Orthopedische inrichting. |
IT2282075Q IT1037709B (it) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-29 | Dispositivo ortopedico |
ZA00752770A ZA752770B (en) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-04-29 | Orthopedic device |
US05/600,082 US4006741A (en) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-07-29 | Orthopedic device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US465404A US3906943A (en) | 1974-04-29 | 1974-04-29 | Orthopedic device |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US05/600,082 Continuation-In-Part US4006741A (en) | 1974-04-29 | 1975-07-29 | Orthopedic device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3906943A true US3906943A (en) | 1975-09-23 |
Family
ID=23847669
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US465404A Expired - Lifetime US3906943A (en) | 1974-04-29 | 1974-04-29 | Orthopedic device |
Country Status (27)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3906943A (pt) |
JP (1) | JPS50147190A (pt) |
AR (1) | AR205192A1 (pt) |
AT (1) | AT348111B (pt) |
AU (1) | AU498833B2 (pt) |
BE (1) | BE828281A (pt) |
BR (1) | BR7502551A (pt) |
CA (1) | CA1049872A (pt) |
CH (1) | CH597849A5 (pt) |
DD (1) | DD118991A5 (pt) |
DE (1) | DE2516945A1 (pt) |
DK (1) | DK183975A (pt) |
EG (1) | EG11601A (pt) |
ES (1) | ES437121A1 (pt) |
FI (1) | FI751173A (pt) |
FR (1) | FR2268533A1 (pt) |
GB (1) | GB1517373A (pt) |
IE (1) | IE41335B1 (pt) |
IL (1) | IL47138A (pt) |
IN (1) | IN144424B (pt) |
IT (1) | IT1037709B (pt) |
NL (1) | NL7505118A (pt) |
NO (1) | NO751525L (pt) |
PH (1) | PH11113A (pt) |
RO (1) | RO70399A (pt) |
SE (1) | SE7504901L (pt) |
ZA (1) | ZA752770B (pt) |
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US4019505A (en) * | 1974-09-30 | 1977-04-26 | Norman S. Blodgett | Method of forming an orthopedic cast |
US4022197A (en) * | 1976-05-04 | 1977-05-10 | Thermo-Mold Medical Products, Inc. | Body support and protection appliance |
USD245429S (en) * | 1975-07-29 | 1977-08-16 | Thermo-Mold Medical Products, Inc. | Orthopedic brace |
US4043327A (en) * | 1975-05-13 | 1977-08-23 | Smith & Nephew Research Limited | Curable compositions |
US4066074A (en) * | 1976-09-27 | 1978-01-03 | Martin Keller | Protective guard and method for forming and applying |
US4081413A (en) * | 1974-04-29 | 1978-03-28 | Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corporation | Polyvinyl chloride compositions |
US4136686A (en) * | 1975-07-29 | 1979-01-30 | Yardney Company | Orthopedic device |
US4233967A (en) * | 1978-04-17 | 1980-11-18 | Daniell Jr Roy B | Custom-fitted knee guard and brace |
US4241922A (en) * | 1979-05-10 | 1980-12-30 | Elliott Denvier D Jr | Golf training aid |
US4312335A (en) * | 1978-04-17 | 1982-01-26 | Daniell Jr Roy B | Custom-fitted knee guard and brace |
US4351872A (en) * | 1977-08-24 | 1982-09-28 | Harvey G. Lowhurst | Unidirectional stretch mesh laminate and method |
US4451044A (en) * | 1981-10-05 | 1984-05-29 | Elliott Jr Denvier D | Golf training aid |
US4483333A (en) * | 1982-06-01 | 1984-11-20 | Wrf/Aquaplast Corporation | Orthopedic cast |
US4716892A (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1988-01-05 | Sumner Brunswick | Orthopedic support apparatus with a brace-receiving pocket |
US4945903A (en) * | 1989-04-28 | 1990-08-07 | Max Alper | Anti-itch cast |
WO1990010395A1 (en) * | 1989-03-10 | 1990-09-20 | Naeslund Jan Erik | Leg-guard |
FR2650175A1 (fr) * | 1989-07-28 | 1991-02-01 | Gibaud | Orthese poignet-pouce de rhizarthrose |
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US5389328A (en) * | 1992-02-28 | 1995-02-14 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Process for the fabrication of orthopaedic aids based on epoxy resins and polyamines |
FR2709950A1 (fr) * | 1993-09-16 | 1995-03-24 | Ducrocq Philippe | Fabrication et application d'orthèses orthopédiques en plastique thermoformable basse température recouvertes de tissus. |
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US6158051A (en) * | 1999-05-27 | 2000-12-12 | Belzidsky; Hugo | Protective sleeve |
WO2001043670A1 (en) * | 1999-12-16 | 2001-06-21 | Propel Ab | Use of a heatable mat for manufacturing an orthotic device |
FR2869219A1 (fr) * | 2004-04-23 | 2005-10-28 | Groupe Lepine Sarl | Orthese de cheville |
WO2006075026A2 (de) * | 2005-01-14 | 2006-07-20 | Leidel U. Kracht Schaumstoff-Technik Gmbh | Protektor sowie verfahren zur ausbildung eines protektors |
US20080319362A1 (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2008-12-25 | Mark Joseph | Orthopedic System for Immobilizing and Supporting Body Parts |
US20090227923A1 (en) * | 2008-03-07 | 2009-09-10 | Markus Christopher A | Cooling system for orthopedic cast |
WO2011064588A1 (en) * | 2009-11-25 | 2011-06-03 | University Hospitals Coventry And Warwickshire Nhs Trust | Splint |
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US20110196276A1 (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2011-08-11 | Jeffrey Andrew Kuhn | Custom ankle brace system |
USD663851S1 (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2012-07-17 | Exos Corporation | Short thumb spica brace |
USD663850S1 (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2012-07-17 | Exos Corporation | Long thumb spica brace |
USD665088S1 (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2012-08-07 | Exos Corporation | Wrist brace |
US8801531B2 (en) | 2012-06-19 | 2014-08-12 | Pete Buchanan | Golf grip training aid |
US8951217B2 (en) | 2009-02-24 | 2015-02-10 | Exos Llc | Composite material for custom fitted products |
US9295748B2 (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2016-03-29 | Exos Llc | Foam core sandwich splint |
US9408738B2 (en) | 2012-08-01 | 2016-08-09 | Exos Llc | Orthopedic brace for animals |
US9655761B2 (en) | 2012-11-12 | 2017-05-23 | Djo, Llc | Orthopedic back brace |
USD797299S1 (en) | 2015-01-21 | 2017-09-12 | Dominique Ruel | Neonatal hand splint |
US10555827B2 (en) | 2014-12-12 | 2020-02-11 | Fastform Research Ltd. | Multifunctional orthosis device and method of use |
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JPS60141811U (ja) * | 1984-02-29 | 1985-09-19 | 関 靖文 | 手指骨骨折等治療用副子 |
EP0270555B1 (de) * | 1986-06-03 | 1991-01-02 | Lutz Biedermann | Sprunggelenkprothese |
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- 1975-04-02 IN IN672/CAL/1975A patent/IN144424B/en unknown
- 1975-04-17 DE DE19752516945 patent/DE2516945A1/de active Pending
- 1975-04-18 FI FI751173A patent/FI751173A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1975-04-22 IL IL47138A patent/IL47138A/en unknown
- 1975-04-23 BE BE155686A patent/BE828281A/xx unknown
- 1975-04-23 AU AU80478/75A patent/AU498833B2/en not_active Expired
- 1975-04-25 DD DD18570975A patent/DD118991A5/xx unknown
- 1975-04-25 CA CA225,484A patent/CA1049872A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-04-25 BR BR7503235A patent/BR7502551A/pt unknown
- 1975-04-25 JP JP5123375A patent/JPS50147190A/ja active Pending
- 1975-04-25 FR FR7513025A patent/FR2268533A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1975-04-28 RO RO8211175A patent/RO70399A/ro unknown
- 1975-04-28 DK DK183975A patent/DK183975A/da unknown
- 1975-04-28 ES ES437121A patent/ES437121A1/es not_active Expired
- 1975-04-28 SE SE7504901A patent/SE7504901L/xx unknown
- 1975-04-28 EG EG35675A patent/EG11601A/xx active
- 1975-04-28 AT AT325275A patent/AT348111B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-04-28 IE IE939/75A patent/IE41335B1/xx unknown
- 1975-04-28 PH PH17105A patent/PH11113A/en unknown
- 1975-04-29 GB GB1779475A patent/GB1517373A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-04-29 NL NL7505118A patent/NL7505118A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1975-04-29 NO NO751525A patent/NO751525L/no unknown
- 1975-04-29 IT IT2282075Q patent/IT1037709B/it active
- 1975-04-29 ZA ZA00752770A patent/ZA752770B/xx unknown
- 1975-04-29 CH CH549375A patent/CH597849A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
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US3420231A (en) * | 1966-07-18 | 1969-01-07 | Johnson & Johnson | Thermoplastic cast forming material including an inversely water soluble resin |
US3814658A (en) * | 1967-09-11 | 1974-06-04 | Stauffer Chemical Co | Composite laminate |
US3616130A (en) * | 1967-09-27 | 1971-10-26 | Ethyl Corp | Reinforced plastic material |
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Cited By (56)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4081413A (en) * | 1974-04-29 | 1978-03-28 | Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corporation | Polyvinyl chloride compositions |
US4006741A (en) * | 1974-04-29 | 1977-02-08 | Yardney Company | Orthopedic device |
US4019505A (en) * | 1974-09-30 | 1977-04-26 | Norman S. Blodgett | Method of forming an orthopedic cast |
US4043327A (en) * | 1975-05-13 | 1977-08-23 | Smith & Nephew Research Limited | Curable compositions |
USD245429S (en) * | 1975-07-29 | 1977-08-16 | Thermo-Mold Medical Products, Inc. | Orthopedic brace |
US4136686A (en) * | 1975-07-29 | 1979-01-30 | Yardney Company | Orthopedic device |
US4022197A (en) * | 1976-05-04 | 1977-05-10 | Thermo-Mold Medical Products, Inc. | Body support and protection appliance |
US4066074A (en) * | 1976-09-27 | 1978-01-03 | Martin Keller | Protective guard and method for forming and applying |
US4351872A (en) * | 1977-08-24 | 1982-09-28 | Harvey G. Lowhurst | Unidirectional stretch mesh laminate and method |
US4233967A (en) * | 1978-04-17 | 1980-11-18 | Daniell Jr Roy B | Custom-fitted knee guard and brace |
US4312335A (en) * | 1978-04-17 | 1982-01-26 | Daniell Jr Roy B | Custom-fitted knee guard and brace |
US4241922A (en) * | 1979-05-10 | 1980-12-30 | Elliott Denvier D Jr | Golf training aid |
US4451044A (en) * | 1981-10-05 | 1984-05-29 | Elliott Jr Denvier D | Golf training aid |
US4483333A (en) * | 1982-06-01 | 1984-11-20 | Wrf/Aquaplast Corporation | Orthopedic cast |
US4716892A (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1988-01-05 | Sumner Brunswick | Orthopedic support apparatus with a brace-receiving pocket |
WO1990010395A1 (en) * | 1989-03-10 | 1990-09-20 | Naeslund Jan Erik | Leg-guard |
US4945903A (en) * | 1989-04-28 | 1990-08-07 | Max Alper | Anti-itch cast |
FR2650175A1 (fr) * | 1989-07-28 | 1991-02-01 | Gibaud | Orthese poignet-pouce de rhizarthrose |
US5101811A (en) * | 1989-09-25 | 1992-04-07 | Sumner Brunswick | Fitted seating apparatus and manufacture |
US5389328A (en) * | 1992-02-28 | 1995-02-14 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Process for the fabrication of orthopaedic aids based on epoxy resins and polyamines |
FR2709950A1 (fr) * | 1993-09-16 | 1995-03-24 | Ducrocq Philippe | Fabrication et application d'orthèses orthopédiques en plastique thermoformable basse température recouvertes de tissus. |
EP0820741A1 (en) * | 1996-07-26 | 1998-01-28 | Becton, Dickinson and Company | Carpal tunnel syndrome wrist brace |
US6158051A (en) * | 1999-05-27 | 2000-12-12 | Belzidsky; Hugo | Protective sleeve |
WO2001043670A1 (en) * | 1999-12-16 | 2001-06-21 | Propel Ab | Use of a heatable mat for manufacturing an orthotic device |
US6908444B2 (en) | 1999-12-16 | 2005-06-21 | Danderyds Biotech Innovation Ab | Use of a heatable mat for manufacturing an orthotic device |
FR2869219A1 (fr) * | 2004-04-23 | 2005-10-28 | Groupe Lepine Sarl | Orthese de cheville |
US7985192B2 (en) | 2004-09-09 | 2011-07-26 | Fastform Research Limited | Geometrically apertured protective and/or splint device comprising a re-mouldable thermoplastic material |
WO2006075026A2 (de) * | 2005-01-14 | 2006-07-20 | Leidel U. Kracht Schaumstoff-Technik Gmbh | Protektor sowie verfahren zur ausbildung eines protektors |
WO2006075026A3 (de) * | 2005-01-14 | 2006-09-28 | Leidel U Kracht Schaumstoff Te | Protektor sowie verfahren zur ausbildung eines protektors |
US20080319362A1 (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2008-12-25 | Mark Joseph | Orthopedic System for Immobilizing and Supporting Body Parts |
US9561128B2 (en) | 2007-06-20 | 2017-02-07 | Exos Llc | Orthopedic system for immobilizing and supporting body parts |
US10463544B2 (en) | 2007-06-20 | 2019-11-05 | Djo, Llc | Orthopedic system for immobilizing and supporting body parts |
US8303527B2 (en) | 2007-06-20 | 2012-11-06 | Exos Corporation | Orthopedic system for immobilizing and supporting body parts |
US20090227923A1 (en) * | 2008-03-07 | 2009-09-10 | Markus Christopher A | Cooling system for orthopedic cast |
US8951217B2 (en) | 2009-02-24 | 2015-02-10 | Exos Llc | Composite material for custom fitted products |
US9757265B2 (en) | 2009-02-24 | 2017-09-12 | Djo, Llc | Composite material for custom fitted products |
US10940031B2 (en) | 2009-02-24 | 2021-03-09 | Djo, Llc | Composite material for custom fitted products |
WO2011064588A1 (en) * | 2009-11-25 | 2011-06-03 | University Hospitals Coventry And Warwickshire Nhs Trust | Splint |
US8708942B2 (en) | 2010-02-10 | 2014-04-29 | Jeffrey Andrew Kuhn | Custom ankle brace system |
US20110196276A1 (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2011-08-11 | Jeffrey Andrew Kuhn | Custom ankle brace system |
USD665088S1 (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2012-08-07 | Exos Corporation | Wrist brace |
USD663851S1 (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2012-07-17 | Exos Corporation | Short thumb spica brace |
USD663850S1 (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2012-07-17 | Exos Corporation | Long thumb spica brace |
US8801531B2 (en) | 2012-06-19 | 2014-08-12 | Pete Buchanan | Golf grip training aid |
US9295748B2 (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2016-03-29 | Exos Llc | Foam core sandwich splint |
US10966856B2 (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2021-04-06 | Djo, Llc | Foam core sandwich splint |
US10285845B2 (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2019-05-14 | Djo, Llc | Foam core sandwich splint |
US9408738B2 (en) | 2012-08-01 | 2016-08-09 | Exos Llc | Orthopedic brace for animals |
US11191627B2 (en) | 2012-08-01 | 2021-12-07 | Djo, Llc | Orthopedic brace for animals |
US9655761B2 (en) | 2012-11-12 | 2017-05-23 | Djo, Llc | Orthopedic back brace |
US10517749B2 (en) | 2012-11-12 | 2019-12-31 | Djo, Llc | Orthopedic back brace |
US11484429B2 (en) | 2012-11-12 | 2022-11-01 | Djo, Llc | Orthopedic back brace |
US10555827B2 (en) | 2014-12-12 | 2020-02-11 | Fastform Research Ltd. | Multifunctional orthosis device and method of use |
USD797299S1 (en) | 2015-01-21 | 2017-09-12 | Dominique Ruel | Neonatal hand splint |
US11083955B2 (en) | 2017-05-04 | 2021-08-10 | Nike, Inc. | Impact plate having optimized dimensions |
US11918885B2 (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2024-03-05 | Nike, Inc. | Remoldable impact plate |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1517373A (en) | 1978-07-12 |
CA1049872A (en) | 1979-03-06 |
IE41335B1 (en) | 1979-12-05 |
ZA752770B (en) | 1976-04-28 |
AT348111B (de) | 1979-01-25 |
BE828281A (fr) | 1975-10-23 |
IE41335L (en) | 1975-10-29 |
ATA325275A (de) | 1978-06-15 |
JPS50147190A (pt) | 1975-11-26 |
IL47138A0 (en) | 1975-06-25 |
NO751525L (pt) | 1975-10-30 |
EG11601A (en) | 1977-09-30 |
IT1037709B (it) | 1979-11-20 |
FI751173A (pt) | 1975-10-30 |
SE7504901L (sv) | 1975-12-19 |
AR205192A1 (es) | 1976-04-12 |
IL47138A (en) | 1977-07-31 |
IN144424B (pt) | 1978-05-06 |
BR7502551A (pt) | 1976-03-03 |
DD118991A5 (pt) | 1976-04-05 |
RO70399A (ro) | 1982-05-10 |
PH11113A (en) | 1977-10-27 |
NL7505118A (nl) | 1975-10-31 |
AU8047875A (en) | 1976-10-28 |
AU498833B2 (en) | 1979-03-29 |
ES437121A1 (es) | 1977-01-16 |
FR2268533A1 (pt) | 1975-11-21 |
DK183975A (da) | 1975-10-30 |
CH597849A5 (pt) | 1978-04-14 |
DE2516945A1 (de) | 1975-11-13 |
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