US3906933A - Method and apparatus for determination of skin type - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for determination of skin type Download PDF

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Publication number
US3906933A
US3906933A US458394A US45839474A US3906933A US 3906933 A US3906933 A US 3906933A US 458394 A US458394 A US 458394A US 45839474 A US45839474 A US 45839474A US 3906933 A US3906933 A US 3906933A
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United States
Prior art keywords
skin
printing
imprint
stamp
printing stamp
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Expired - Lifetime
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US458394A
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English (en)
Inventor
Wladimir Tur
Eugen Wyler
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LOVIDA AG
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LOVIDA AG
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/44—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the integumentary system, e.g. skin, hair or nails
    • A61B5/441—Skin evaluation, e.g. for skin disorder diagnosis

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT The skin type is determined by using at least one print carrier with an electrostatically chargeable printing surface, having a surface tension of less than 30 dynes per centimeter, for making an electrostatic sebum content imprint of the skin and for storing said electrostatic imprint on the stamp surface.
  • Good determination of the facial skin type is achieved by taking an imprint each from the forehead, chin and both cheeks.
  • the invention concerns a method for determining skin type on the basis of the sebum content of the skin according to specific type groups.
  • the invention concerns a device for the execution of this method.
  • Type classification is based on the fact that sebum production by the skin is essentially constant within a given skin type and reacts only very slowly to pharmacological stimuli and effects.
  • excretory ducts of the sebaceous glands are distributed more or less densely like a mosaic over the surface of the skin.
  • the study of the skin of the face or other skin areas is usually accomplished by visual examination and tactile determinations.
  • the results of such a study depend in large measure on the area of the skin under study, the method employed and the ability of the person performing the study. Hence, personal experience is critical as far as reliable evaluation is concerned. Determination of skin type, ie normal, dry, oily and mixed, is carried out primarity subjectively and involves the danger of confusion and error, especially when transitional types of skin are involved.
  • the different types of skin differ from one another primarily in the amount of oil which is excreted, so that the quantitative determination of the amount of sebum on the surface of the skin, even if it is determined in relative values rather than absolute ones, allows determination of the skin type classification. This fact has lead to the development of a plurality of methods which are used to determine the amount of oil on the surface of the skin.
  • Another method is the socalled sebograph. It is based on the displacement of an oil film floating on water by a small amount of skin oil. The skin oil is removed from the surface of the skin by means of a metal rod and placed on the oil film. This causes a spreading spot from whose size the amount of free fatty acids in the skin oil can be determined.
  • Still another method is based on the change in transparency of ground glass by adhering oil.
  • the spectrophotometric evaluation of such ground glass prints from the skin surface allow an indirect determination of the amount of oil.
  • An object of the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, such as indicated above; another object is to provide a method for determination of skin type and skin relief that can well be used in cosmetics; another object is to provide a method which is on the one hand offering relatively accessible results and on the other hand being capable of being carried out very simply, so that it can be used not only at cosmetic centers but also remotely, at least in part, by untrained persons.
  • the evaluation of the test material is carried out by trained personnel at especially established evaluation centers, due to their higher reliability.
  • the above objects are achieved by the invention by virtue of using at least one print carrier with an electrostatically chargeable printing surface with a surface tension of less than 30 dynes per centimeter. It is thereby possible to obtain an imprint of the skin, and subjecting the imprint on the print carrier in a subsequent optical auxiliary device to a separate evaluation step involving comparison decisions on the basis of established comparison criteria, and assignment to a specific group.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a print carrier device described as an example of the invention, having four printing stamps in the carrier;
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a printing stamp used with the device of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a printing stamp according to a further sample embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a cross section through a recess in the device of FIG. 1, with printing stamp inserted;
  • FIGS. 5A and 5B are plan views of imprints from oily skin and dry skin with flakes as seen through a stereo microscope.
  • a print carrier box It is pro vided with cylindrical recesses in which removeable printing stamps I], I2 and 13, I4 are located.
  • the printing stamps according to FIG. 2 each consist, for example, of a cylindrical base I6 with a flat bottom and a handle 17 attached to the base.
  • the diameter of the cylindrical base is 2.5 cm in the example so that the area of the base is approximately cm while the height of the handle is about 1 cm.
  • the printing stamps are made of a plastic which can be easily charged electrostatically, and having a relatively low surface tension of about 30 dynes per cm, preferably approximately 20 dynes per cm.
  • the materials that can preferably be used for the printing stamps include acrylic resin polymers, e.g., acrylic resin or polymethyl methacrylate.
  • the printing stamps are black in color, in order that the imprint image to be described below can be viewed with maximum contrast.
  • the printing stamps can have any other shape, e.g., a shape like that in FIG. 3, in which the base 18 is slightly curved.
  • the printing stamp ll does not rest directly upon the bottom of the recess inside print carrier 10, but on an annular supporting shoulder 15. In this fashion the electrostatic imprint in the principal area of the printing stamp is preserved when the stamp is placed in the recess.
  • the stamp surface is dry cleaned before being used or mailed and by this operation the stamp surface becomes charged electrostatically. The charge remains on the surface for several days or even weeks.
  • imprints are taken individually from eg various areas of the skin of the face such as the forehead, chin and the two cheeks.
  • the printing stamps contact the skin and by virtue of their electrostatic charge attract sebum and other accumulations from the skin to form an imprint. From these four imprints the skin type is determined by examination under a stereo microscope or a powerful magnifying glass.
  • the mixed type on the basis of imprints from the forehead and chin shows a similar appearance to that for oily skin. in other words, thickly covcre with oil droplets.
  • the imprints from the two chw' n the other hand show the appearance of dry skin with scat tered or absent oil droplets and flakes.
  • the device described here makes it possible to difi'erentiate between oily-dry-flaky skin and dry' flaky skin. This is done as follows: if a few flakes are found on an imprint, an attempt is made to remove these flakes by blowing lightly on the imprint. If this is successful and the flakes fly off (which later can be read as a reduced number of flakes), dry-flaky skin is involved. If the number of flakes cannot be reduced by this measaure, the skin can be referred a as oily-dryflaky.
  • FIG. 5A shows an imprint of oily skin as seen through a stereo microscope.
  • FIG. 53 shows the different appearance of dry skin with scattered dry flakes.
  • a device for recording skin conditions for the determination of skin type on the basis of the sebum content of the skin comprising a printing stamp having a smooth working surface for application against the skin, said working surface comprising means for electrostatically attracting and retaining sebum and other accumulations from the skin to thereby provide an electrostatic sebum content imprint of the skin,
  • said electrostatic attracting and retaining means consisting of an electrostatically charged material with a surface tension ofless than 30 dynes per centimeter.
  • said printing stamp is made of a material which can be'electrostatically charged to a value between and 200 volts per 5.
  • said printing stamp has a black color.
  • Method for determining skin type on the basis of skin area on said imprinting surface, and the sebum content of the skin of certain type groups examining said imprint on said imprinting surface by comprising comparison criteria to assign it to one of the speci charging an electrostatically chargeable imprinting fied type groups.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Dermatology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Measuring And Recording Apparatus For Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
US458394A 1973-04-16 1974-04-05 Method and apparatus for determination of skin type Expired - Lifetime US3906933A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH548273A CH565547A5 (cs) 1973-04-16 1973-04-16

Publications (1)

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US3906933A true US3906933A (en) 1975-09-23

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US458394A Expired - Lifetime US3906933A (en) 1973-04-16 1974-04-05 Method and apparatus for determination of skin type

Country Status (12)

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US (1) US3906933A (cs)
JP (1) JPS508388A (cs)
AU (1) AU6794174A (cs)
BE (1) BE813641A (cs)
BR (1) BR7402955D0 (cs)
CA (1) CA999456A (cs)
CH (1) CH565547A5 (cs)
DE (1) DE2323277A1 (cs)
ES (1) ES425171A1 (cs)
FR (1) FR2225140B3 (cs)
GB (1) GB1437553A (cs)
NL (1) NL7404011A (cs)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4224950A (en) * 1978-05-31 1980-09-30 L'oreal Apparatus for measuring the amount of sebum secreted by the skin of a living subject
WO1984002460A1 (en) * 1982-12-28 1984-07-05 Dermatec Ltd Sebum collection and monitoring means
US4981145A (en) * 1989-10-24 1991-01-01 Goldstein Jay A Method and apparatus for determining sebum production for selection of cosmetics of complementary formulation
US5119828A (en) * 1990-12-12 1992-06-09 Cuderm Corporation Sebum indicator with light absorbing visualization enhancer
US20020182149A1 (en) * 2001-05-30 2002-12-05 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Wrinkle indicator tape strip
US20020182235A1 (en) * 2001-05-30 2002-12-05 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Cosmetic product with proof device
US20030225345A1 (en) * 2002-06-04 2003-12-04 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. System and method for improving skin texture monitored with a proof device
US7022289B1 (en) * 2001-10-10 2006-04-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Chemical and biological sampling device and kit and method of use thereof

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL7806303A (nl) * 1978-06-09 1979-12-11 Stork Bepak Bv Inrichting voor het behandelen van houders.

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3289670A (en) * 1964-03-09 1966-12-06 Milo Bundy Corp Device for abrading and applying biologicals to the skin of a patient
US3429572A (en) * 1965-10-11 1969-02-25 Robert B Mars Educational game
US3544113A (en) * 1967-04-10 1970-12-01 Kenneth E Hand Set of discs having different floatation characteristics
US3552929A (en) * 1968-01-23 1971-01-05 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Diagnosis means
US3556080A (en) * 1968-04-08 1971-01-19 Lincoln Lab Inc Skin allergy testing device
US3710505A (en) * 1971-01-04 1973-01-16 Brooklyn Prod Inc Aerodynamic toy
US3784200A (en) * 1973-03-15 1974-01-08 R Hotchkiss Projectile including a cylindrical body with one flanged end and a target board

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3289670A (en) * 1964-03-09 1966-12-06 Milo Bundy Corp Device for abrading and applying biologicals to the skin of a patient
US3429572A (en) * 1965-10-11 1969-02-25 Robert B Mars Educational game
US3544113A (en) * 1967-04-10 1970-12-01 Kenneth E Hand Set of discs having different floatation characteristics
US3552929A (en) * 1968-01-23 1971-01-05 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Diagnosis means
US3556080A (en) * 1968-04-08 1971-01-19 Lincoln Lab Inc Skin allergy testing device
US3710505A (en) * 1971-01-04 1973-01-16 Brooklyn Prod Inc Aerodynamic toy
US3784200A (en) * 1973-03-15 1974-01-08 R Hotchkiss Projectile including a cylindrical body with one flanged end and a target board

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4224950A (en) * 1978-05-31 1980-09-30 L'oreal Apparatus for measuring the amount of sebum secreted by the skin of a living subject
WO1984002460A1 (en) * 1982-12-28 1984-07-05 Dermatec Ltd Sebum collection and monitoring means
US4532937A (en) * 1982-12-28 1985-08-06 Cuderm Corporation Sebum collection and monitoring means and method
US4981145A (en) * 1989-10-24 1991-01-01 Goldstein Jay A Method and apparatus for determining sebum production for selection of cosmetics of complementary formulation
US5119828A (en) * 1990-12-12 1992-06-09 Cuderm Corporation Sebum indicator with light absorbing visualization enhancer
US20020182235A1 (en) * 2001-05-30 2002-12-05 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Cosmetic product with proof device
US20020182149A1 (en) * 2001-05-30 2002-12-05 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Wrinkle indicator tape strip
US6875444B2 (en) 2001-05-30 2005-04-05 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Wrinkle indicator tape strip
US6926904B2 (en) 2001-05-30 2005-08-09 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Cosmetic product with proof device
US20050220833A1 (en) * 2001-05-30 2005-10-06 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Cosmetic product with proof device
US7022289B1 (en) * 2001-10-10 2006-04-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Chemical and biological sampling device and kit and method of use thereof
US7393694B1 (en) * 2001-10-10 2008-07-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Chemical and biological sampling device and kit and method of use thereof
US20030225345A1 (en) * 2002-06-04 2003-12-04 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. System and method for improving skin texture monitored with a proof device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1437553A (cs) 1976-05-26
CA999456A (en) 1976-11-09
NL7404011A (cs) 1974-10-18
AU6794174A (en) 1975-10-16
BR7402955D0 (pt) 1974-12-31
DE2323277A1 (de) 1974-10-24
ES425171A1 (es) 1976-06-01
FR2225140B3 (cs) 1977-02-18
JPS508388A (cs) 1975-01-28
BE813641A (fr) 1974-07-31
CH565547A5 (cs) 1975-08-29
FR2225140A1 (cs) 1974-11-08

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