US3906888A - Water-borne craft with rotatable float bodies - Google Patents

Water-borne craft with rotatable float bodies Download PDF

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Publication number
US3906888A
US3906888A US469843A US46984374A US3906888A US 3906888 A US3906888 A US 3906888A US 469843 A US469843 A US 469843A US 46984374 A US46984374 A US 46984374A US 3906888 A US3906888 A US 3906888A
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Prior art keywords
winding
water craft
water
rear end
diameter
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Expired - Lifetime
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US469843A
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English (en)
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Marcel Justinien
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/32—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls
    • B63B1/34—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction
    • B63B1/36—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction using mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
    • B63H1/38—Propulsive elements directly acting on water characterised solely by flotation properties, e.g. drums
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
    • Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls

Definitions

  • all the submerged surfaces, not parallel with the axis of the rotatable float body, are integrally helicoidal.
  • the article of the invention is even superior to the best conventional screws, the pitch of the blades of which is not the same around the axis and at the maximum radius. There thus result resistance and a screw efficiency that varies between 50 to 60%.
  • the floating screw of the invention supports the actual sea-borne craft which is above the water. The draught of the hull screw does not exceed one quarter of its diameter when under full load and when ready to travel. This results in: a
  • the integrally helicoidal character of the rotatable float bodies offers the advantage of enabling great speeds to be attained since the kinetic energy automatically passes from forward to aft at a rate strictly equal to the speed of displacement. Thus, there are no bow waves, dynamic displacement of water or wake (suction).
  • This integrally helicoidal character of the float bodies of the invention is obtained by the fact that, both at the rear and at the front, the helicoidal development of the turns or screw threads begins and terminates at the-full diameter of the float.
  • the starting plane of the turns is a vertical plane both at the frontand the back, this plane being perpendicular to the general longitudinal axis of the float.
  • FIG. l is an exterior longitudinal side view of a rotatable float body in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a front end-view of the float bodyvof FIG. I shown in two developed forms.
  • FIG. 3 is a rear end-view of the float body of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 6 shows on a larger scale a cross-section through a helicoidal propelling fin of the rotatable float body.
  • FIG. 7 shows a water-borne craft equipped with rotatable float bodies in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
  • the helicoidal development of the turns or screw threads of the float body begins and ends at the full diameter D of the float. The latter is reached after spiroidal development which occurs in the vertical plane and over a minimum distance of 165. 8
  • the plane in which the turns begin at the front and at the rear is a vertical plane perpendicular to the general longitudinal axis x-x of the float.
  • the turns number at least two, and there may be 10 of them or even 12 in the case of floats intended for use on high-tonnage water-borne craft.
  • a passage 1 is formed between the imaginary or actual central hub 2, the maximum diameter d of which is approximately equal to one-third of the diameter D of the float, and the maximum radius R of the float.
  • the diameter D of the float is 2 metres
  • the diameter d of the central hub at which the turns begin is 55 to 60 cm.
  • the waterline (one-fourth of the diameter, i.e. 50 cm) will be 20 cm below the central hub and that the passage will then have a depth of cm.
  • the passage becomes helicoidal in accordance with the definition of a conventional helix: a straight line wound round a cylinder of revolution.
  • the angle A that this straight line forms with a horizontal line determines the pitch.
  • the width of the passage or passages remains unchanged to the rear end of the float and always on the same radius. There is therefore no pitch resistance, the less so since when stopped the floats will never have a draught in excess of one-fourth of the diameter D. On the other hand the depth of the passage or passages will diminish progressively and over a very great length.
  • the central hub 2 may be a little larger at the rear than at the front as shown in the Figures.
  • the hub has a diameter of 55 60 cm
  • the rear will be 70-75 cm in diameter so as to avoid dipping at the rear in certain forms of construction.
  • the number of spiroidal passages or screw-threads is of course the same at the rear and the front.
  • the bottom (lla) of the passages (FIG. 4) is very much rounded to prevent any possible resistance due to turbulence, whereas that side lb of the passage that faces downwardly and rearwardly in the direction of the helicoidal line is pronouncedly convex (in the autorotating version of course), whereas the other side 16 with which the water comes into contact to cause the float to rotate has a planar surface or a substantially planar surface and is connected by a slightly rounded zone to the outer peripheral edges.
  • flank of the passage should be as convex as possible from the periphery to the central hub.
  • the passage runs from front to rear.
  • the exterior side of the flank terminates at the maximum radius, (it also begins at this full radius or diameter).
  • the hollow portion 1b of the passage terminates at the rear central radius (seen from the end face, FIG. 3).
  • the width of the passages and that of the cylindrical lands that they separate are inversely proportional to their number, but the pitch remains the same.
  • the floats are not propelling means; the forward end skims the water which engulfs the passages, the helicoidal surfaces of which are streamlined like the leading edges of the blades of a conventional screw.
  • the floats turn under the effect of the water pressure on the side 1c of each passage.
  • a. water is a fluid and however firm the pressure it slides over the forward wall of each passage with the result that the speed of rotation of the floats cannot automatically correspond to the speed of movement of the floating craft, when pitch is taken into account;
  • this frictional resistance also known as tangential resistance, retards rotation. Consequently the floats do not turn quite as rapidly as they should, and the helicoidal surfaces do not move under pressure from the water in the manner required. In this case there is resistance which, although not so great as that offered by the bows of a vessel, is nevertheless not inconsiderable.
  • the auto-rotating version offers the advantage of permitting a very large pitch to be used (up to 3.75/4.8 times the diameter). It can also be used and is indeed necessary in the case of sail ships driven by the wind.
  • the couple is represented either by a small auxiliary motor as provided in the majority of such vessels, or by awind-engine connected to the shafts of the floats.
  • the compensating couple is indispensable for obtaining the maximum advantages from the invention.
  • the transmission ratio of the drive for the floats as well as for the screws will be in the order of the ratio of the respective pitches of the floats and screws, with 10 to 15% more in the case of the latter because of the well-known recessional movements, though this occurs to a lesser extent than in conventional craft, the hulls of which have a very considerable retarding effect.
  • the pitch will be considerably shorter, and its minimum will be a little less than the diameter, and its maximum equal to 1.9 times the diameter.
  • each float there are provided propelling fins 5 having a depth equal to one-tenth of the diameter D, these fins beginning and terminating at the maximum radius. In no case should the fins start at the central hub at the front, nor should they run back to the hub at the rear. lf the craft are for amphibious use, the fins are reinforced to permit travel over the ground. These are the craft that use the shortest pitch.
  • the draught may slightly exceed one-fourth of the diameter, i.e. may be between one-fourth and one-third, and the latter figure should not be reached when the engine or motor is under full load and the vessel is halted.
  • the floats will not have propelling fins such as those shown at 5.
  • the pitch will of course be shorter, but the passages will be continuous as in the autorotating version. However the more steeply inclined flank of each of these passages will face forwardly and not rearwardly.
  • a maximum of two juxta posed (parallel) floats may be fitted.
  • the length of each float will generally not exceed a value of 6 to 7 times their diameter", in both versions.
  • the floats arranged in this manner are hollow and may be made by any suitable known method from a great variety of materials.
  • the floats may be made of thermosetting plastics materials (polyesters or polystyrene).
  • the floats may be made of a light alloy or even of steel or the like for vessels of very high tonnage.
  • Use may also be made of light foamed plastics materials such as polyurethane or Klegecell for floats for craft manufactured in small numbers and in small sizes.
  • the compensating couple enables high speeds to be obtained with a very long pitch which, among other applications, is of interest as regards pedal-powered sailing vessels in which the pedalling mechanism acts as a compensating couple, and
  • the shape at the rear inhibits the intake of water and resistance to rotation which are the cause of consider able retardation.
  • a water craft having at least one rotatable float body of a general cylindrical form and defined by a helical winding extending from the front end to the rear end of said body, with the helicoidal development of the winding beginning at said front end and terminating at said rear end at or substantially at the full diameter of the body in a plane substantially perpendicular to the general longitudinal axis of the body, the adjacent portions of the winding defining a passage the depth of which diminishes progressively over its entire length from said front end to said rear end.
  • a water craft according to claim 1 further comprising a drive means for propelling said craft, and means for applying a low-power compensating couple to said float body, which couple ensures an absolute relationship between the speed of rotation of the float and the speed of displacement of the craft.
  • a water craft according to claim 1 further comprising a plurality of helicoidal propelling fins extending over said winding, the number of fins being equal to the number of turns of said winding, said fins beginning and ending at the full diameter of said body behind said passages at said front end, and in front of said pas-
US469843A 1973-05-18 1974-05-14 Water-borne craft with rotatable float bodies Expired - Lifetime US3906888A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7318812A FR2229604B1 (xx) 1973-05-18 1973-05-18

Publications (1)

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US3906888A true US3906888A (en) 1975-09-23

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ID=9119880

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US469843A Expired - Lifetime US3906888A (en) 1973-05-18 1974-05-14 Water-borne craft with rotatable float bodies

Country Status (22)

Country Link
US (1) US3906888A (xx)
JP (1) JPS5041293A (xx)
AT (1) AT341895B (xx)
BE (1) BE814607A (xx)
CA (1) CA1001014A (xx)
CH (1) CH578969A5 (xx)
CS (1) CS194208B2 (xx)
DD (1) DD112405A5 (xx)
DE (1) DE2423562A1 (xx)
DK (1) DK268174A (xx)
ES (1) ES426395A1 (xx)
FI (1) FI151874A (xx)
FR (1) FR2229604B1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1466454A (xx)
IE (1) IE40433B1 (xx)
IT (1) IT1014204B (xx)
LU (1) LU70085A1 (xx)
NL (1) NL7406486A (xx)
NO (1) NO136086C (xx)
RO (1) RO65625A (xx)
SE (1) SE398091B (xx)
ZA (1) ZA743057B (xx)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4146353A (en) * 1976-07-23 1979-03-27 Pierre Carrouset Pump impeller
US5269714A (en) * 1992-07-27 1993-12-14 Wilshusen Albert R Auger boat
US5474486A (en) * 1993-12-02 1995-12-12 Tyco Industries, Inc. Remotely controlled, transformable, water squirting toy vehicles
RU2493019C2 (ru) * 2011-04-07 2013-09-20 Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Кубанский государственный аграрный университет" Движитель
RU2606429C1 (ru) * 2016-03-02 2017-01-10 Николай Петрович Дядченко Судно туннельно-скегового типа
RU203851U1 (ru) * 2020-12-23 2021-04-22 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Нижегородский государственный технический университет им. Р.Е. Алексеева" (НГТУ) Шнековый движитель для машин, выполняющих технологические операции на дне водоёмов
US20230063961A1 (en) * 2020-03-10 2023-03-02 Copperstone Technologies Ltd. All-Terrain Vehicle

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2561202A1 (fr) * 1984-03-13 1985-09-20 Mathieu Guy Perfectionnements aux flotteurs helicoides rotatifs pour engins nautiques ou autres
FR2590227A2 (fr) * 1984-03-13 1987-05-22 Mathieu Guy Perfectionnements aux flotteurs helicoidaux pour engins nautiques ou autres

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2388711A (en) * 1944-06-14 1945-11-13 Clarence H Sawyer Boat propulsion means
US3426721A (en) * 1965-11-30 1969-02-11 Marcel Justinien Rotary helical body adapted for use on board water crafts

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR555225A (fr) * 1921-08-19 1923-06-26 Système de propulsion nautique à cylindres hélicoïdaux creux

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2388711A (en) * 1944-06-14 1945-11-13 Clarence H Sawyer Boat propulsion means
US3426721A (en) * 1965-11-30 1969-02-11 Marcel Justinien Rotary helical body adapted for use on board water crafts

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4146353A (en) * 1976-07-23 1979-03-27 Pierre Carrouset Pump impeller
US5269714A (en) * 1992-07-27 1993-12-14 Wilshusen Albert R Auger boat
US5474486A (en) * 1993-12-02 1995-12-12 Tyco Industries, Inc. Remotely controlled, transformable, water squirting toy vehicles
RU2493019C2 (ru) * 2011-04-07 2013-09-20 Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Кубанский государственный аграрный университет" Движитель
RU2606429C1 (ru) * 2016-03-02 2017-01-10 Николай Петрович Дядченко Судно туннельно-скегового типа
US20230063961A1 (en) * 2020-03-10 2023-03-02 Copperstone Technologies Ltd. All-Terrain Vehicle
RU203851U1 (ru) * 2020-12-23 2021-04-22 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Нижегородский государственный технический университет им. Р.Е. Алексеева" (НГТУ) Шнековый движитель для машин, выполняющих технологические операции на дне водоёмов

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA743057B (en) 1975-05-28
FR2229604A1 (xx) 1974-12-13
NO136086B (xx) 1977-04-12
NO741745L (no) 1974-11-19
CS194208B2 (en) 1979-11-30
RO65625A (ro) 1980-01-15
IE40433L (en) 1974-11-18
FR2229604B1 (xx) 1976-05-07
BE814607A (fr) 1974-11-06
NO136086C (no) 1977-07-20
CA1001014A (fr) 1976-12-07
NL7406486A (xx) 1974-11-20
DK268174A (xx) 1975-01-27
CH578969A5 (xx) 1976-08-31
ES426395A1 (es) 1976-11-01
AU6898774A (en) 1975-11-20
IE40433B1 (en) 1979-06-06
FI151874A (xx) 1974-11-19
IT1014204B (it) 1977-04-20
SE398091B (sv) 1977-12-05
LU70085A1 (xx) 1975-02-24
ATA400474A (de) 1977-06-15
JPS5041293A (xx) 1975-04-15
AT341895B (de) 1978-03-10
DE2423562A1 (de) 1974-12-05
GB1466454A (en) 1977-03-09
DD112405A5 (xx) 1975-04-12

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