US390077A - Hydraulic motor - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1Q N. E. HARRIS.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

No. 390,077 v Patented Sept. 25, 1888.

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(No Model.) 44 Sheets-Sheet 2. N. E. HARRIS.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

Patented Sept. 25, 1888.

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'(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

' N. E. HARRIS.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR. No. 390,077. Eatented Sept. 25, 1888.

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4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

N. E. HARRIS.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

No. 890,077. Patented Sept. 25, 1888.

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NELSON ELVIRUS HARRIS, OF ORANGE, ll'lASSAGHUSETTS.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.-

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 390,077, dated Septembea 25, 1888.

(NO model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, N ELsoN ELvrRUs HAR- RIs, of Orange, in the county of Franklin, of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Hydraulic Motors, usually termed Turbines; and I do hereby declare the same to be described in the following specification and represented in the accompanying drawings, of which Figure 1 is a top View, Fig. 2 a front elevation, Fig. 3 a vertical longitudinal and axial section, and Fig. 4 is an end elevation, of a turbine and its Hume-case provided with my invention, the nature of which is defined in the claims hereinafter presented. Fig. 5 is a transverse and median section of one of the shaft-sustaining boxes. Fig. 6 is a transverse section (on the line 1 1 of Fig. 3) of the bracket supporting such shaft-sustaining box. Fig. 7 is a side view, Fig. 8 an endview, and Fig. 9 a longitudinal section, of the mechanism for counteracting the thrust of the wheel or its tendency to move its shaftlengthwise thereof.

My improvement has reference to a turbine having its shaft horizontal, and which may be a continuation or part of a main line of shafting, or be belted to such main line instead of being connected therewith by gears, the employment of which it is very desirable to avoid on account of the usual friction and noise attendant on them while they are in operation.

In the drawings, A represents a Hume drum or case essentially or approximately cylindrical in shape, and having opening into it at its periphery a throat or induct, B. As shown in Fig. 4, this induct B is connected with the case A at an angle both to the horizontal and vertical axis of such case, entering said case at one of its quadrants. By this location the water is conducted to the wheel in a more effective manner than if admitted vertically or horizontally, as it strikes the vanes more directly and with its full force. The said fiume drum or case has leading out of one end of it a tubular elbow or curved educt, G, the lower end of which is horizontal or about so.

The shaftDof awater-wheel, E, goes through the case A axially thereof, and also in a straight line into and through the educt, there being secured to such educt and to the case or drum stuffing-boxes a a, for the shaft to pass through, such boxes being arranged as represented in Fig. 3. Beyond each stuffing-box the shaft goes through and is supported in a box, F, sustained by a bracket, G, secured to the stuffing-box by screws 1), so as to be readily removable therefrom. The bracket has within it an open chamber, 0, to catch any water that may escape from the stnfiing-box, there being to the lower part of such chamber an educt, d, for discharge of such water in manner and as occasion may require, in order to prevent it from falling on the educt O or the floor orsnpport on which the motor may be situated.

Each box F is directly between two metallic rings or collars, e, that encompass the shaft and are held to it by set-screws f, such collars being close against the box. Furthermore, each box has within it and surrounding the shaft a metallic or composition lining in two sections, 9 and h, the lower section resting on one or more screws, 71, screwed into the bracket and against the lining, each of such screws having on it a check-nut, 70. These screws are for setting up the lower section of the lining as it may become worn.

The gate of the water-wheel is shown at G, it being movable, as usual,within the wheel-case H, provided with chutes l, to direct the water to the wheel. This gate is connected with a toothed rack, m, that engages with a pinion, n, fixed on a shaft,o,that in practice leads through the flame-drum laterally thereof, and a stuffing-box projecting thegefrom, and is provided with mechanism for revolving it (the said shaft) in order to put the gate in movement.

Vithin the metal of the educt G and next the stuflingbox connected therewith there is an annular chamber, p,that encircles the shaft. From this chamber a pipe, q, extends to the case A and opens communication between the interior of the latter and the chamber, from which it will be seen that when the case A is full of water the chamber 1). will be supplied with water at the same or about the same pressure as that in the case A. When the educt O is unprovided with such chamber 1) and its pipe and the water-wheel is in oper tion, the water discharged from it in passing through the educt G induces a powerful current of air through the striding-box oritsjunction with the educt should thestuffing become worn or get out of order. Such current acts to allow the water to escape without exerting its maximum force relatively to the wheel. The weight of the water in the educt or drafttube, as it is termed in practice, compensates for the balance of total fall from the surface of water in the canal or flume to that in the race when the wheel is located anywhere between such levels. When the gateis closed and the wheel is not in operation, should there be no air admitted to the educt the water will remain therein up to the wheel and will only be discharged as more may be admitted by opening or raising the gate. Vere air admitted, the vacuunntending to cause the water to remain in the educt, would be destroyed or impaired, whereby the water would fall in the educt and a loss of power result to the wheel. One of the advantages of the means of keeping air from leaking through the stufling-box into the educt is that with such means the wheel and case can in the mill be set up where they not only may be easily accessible for repair, but very convenient for transmitting power to operate machinery, whether directly or indirectly, from the wheel-shaft. By having the water-chamber 1) around the shaftand insulated from the bore of the educt and interposed between such bore and thestuifing-box, and connected with the case A by a pipe, as described, the said inrush of air into the educt is prevented, as has been fully demonstrated in practice.

Owing to the curved formofeach ofthe waterwheel floats, the water in passing through the wheel tends to crowd the wheel forward toward the chamber 1), and thereby to cause the rearmost collars of the shaft-boxes to bear strongly and revolve with much friction against their boxes. To obviate this there is applied to the wheel-shaft D and to the flume drum or case A, mechanism, next to be described, for con nteracting the said thrust of the wheel.

A flanged brass sleeve, r, having within it a wooden sleeve or bushing, s, encompasses the wheel-shaft, the bore of the bushing fitting to the shaft. The sleeve 9" slides lengthwise in a neck, t, extending into and adjustable laterally in-the wheel-case, to which there is applied aseries of screws, u, for effecting the adjustment. In rear of the wooden bushing, and against its head or posterior end, is a" metallic collar, u, that encompasses the shaft, and is held in place by a set-screw, o, screwed into the collar and against the shaft. A lever, 12,

fulcrumed to a stud, w, projecting from the wheel'case, spans the neck t, bears against ears m, projecting from the flange 3/ of the brass sleeve 2*, and extends down within the drum A, such lever at its lower end being jointed to a rod, 2, extending horizontally through the rear end of such drum. The rod near its outer end is screw-threaded, and has screwed upon the part projecting outwardly from the drum a nut, a. On setting up such nut the shaft I may be dra w n rearwardly with sufficient power to counteract the thrust of the wheel. The shaft revolves in the wooden bushing.

In the drum and the educt are manholes provided with covers furnished with suitable fastenings, such covers being shown at b and 0. One man-hole (shown at b) is in the rear head of the drum, the other being on one side of the educt. These man-holes are to enable access to be had to the-wheel-fioats and the machinery within the drum for the repair thereof, as occasion may require. Coupling heads e are applied to the shalt D at its ends, such heads being for connecting it with other shafts arranged in line with it.

By having the upper part of the bore of the induct of the flame-case tangential to the inner periphery of such case the water is conducted to the turbine to the best advantage.

I claim- 1. The combination, with the turbine, its surrounding Hume-case and its curved educt, and the wheel-shaft, its bearings and collars arranged as described, of the wheel-thrust-counteracti ng mechanism,substantially as set forth, applied to the wheel shaft and case and to the flume-case, as explained, such thrust-counteracting mechanism consisting of the collar a, fixed upon the shaft, the bashed sleeve r, encompassing the shaft and arranged in an adjustable neck, i, projecting from the flumecase, the lever 12 and its red a, and the screwnut a, adapted as represented.

2. The combination, with the turbine, its surrounding flame-case, and its curved educt, of the shaft-boX-supporting brackets extending, as represented, from the said case and educt,and provided with drip-receiving chambers arranged in them and with respect to the stuffing-boxes next adjacent to such boxes, sub stantially as set forth, each of such chambers having at its lower part an educt for the escape of water from such chamber, as specified.

3. The combination, with the turbine, its surrounding flame-case and its curved educt, and the shaft-supporting boxes, of the supporting-brackets of the latter separable from such case and educt to enable the lower sections of the linings of the boxes to be removed from or applied to the shaft as occasion may require.

NELSON ELVIRUS HARRIS.

Witnesses:

Runes LIVERMORE, RODNEY HUNT.

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