Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L31/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid or of a haloformic acid; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L31/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of monocarboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
  • C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
  • C08L33/062—Copolymers with monomers not covered by C08L33/06
  • C08L33/064—Copolymers with monomers not covered by C08L33/06 containing anhydride, COOH or COOM groups, with M being metal or onium-cation
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
  • D06M15/267—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof of unsaturated carboxylic esters having amino or quaternary ammonium groups
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/327—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated alcohols or esters thereof
  • D06M15/333—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated alcohols or esters thereof of vinyl acetate; Polyvinylalcohol
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
  • Y10T442/241—Coating or impregnation improves snag or pull resistance of the fabric

Definitions

• Blauvelt ABSTRACT There is disclosed a process comprising treating knitted and woven textile materials with a polymeric emulsion, and a method of preparing the polymeric emulsion, said emulsion contains a polymeric product derived from a monomer mixture containing a vinyl ester, an ester of an a-mono-olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid, and a-mono-olefinically unsaturated acid and a bifunctional monomer.
• This invention relates to a process for rendering knitted and woven textile materials, particularly thermoplastic fiber-containing textile materials, normally susceptible to snag, picking and pull damage, resistant to such damage.
• the process includes contacting said'material with a pad bath emulsion of a polymeric product as above defined.
• Knitted fabrics particularly those of double knit construction and/or those employing texturized yarn, Show a tendency to snag or pull. Snagging is a particularly acute problem in mens clothing where the retail price of the goods is quite high and a garment repeatedly damaged by snagging eventually becomes unattractive and or unwearable and thus makes the price-life of the garment prohibitive.
• the instant process may be applied to dyed or undyed material.
• the treatment does not impair, to any appreciable degree, the fastness of the color of the fabric.
• the dying may be negligibly affected during the process, variables being the dyestuff, dye bath, dye temperature and the like.
• Poly (acrylates) as above noted also have other drawbacks, including a stiff hand when the surfactant is leached out of the emulsion during washing of the treated material; lack of moisture re-gain after washings and the like.
• An important aspect of the instant invention resides in the use of a polymerizable carboxylic acid, as this component is essential to provide adhesion to the fibers as well as resistance to crocking and improved dry cleaning properties.
• the emulsion additive of the instant invention is not chemically the same nor does it function per se as an adjunct to improve hand and abrasion resistance of resin-treated textiles. 'In other words, the instant emulsion will not be applied along with permanent press finishes solely to modify hand or improve abrasion resistance of said permanent press finishes.
• the instant emulsion is not employed as an additive or coreactant in the production of durable press garments produced by the application and subsequent curing of thermosetting resins to the fabric. The emulsion therefore is not employed in the endeavor to improve the abrasion resistance of such fabrics as said term is known in the art. Improving the abrasion.
• resistance of durable press resin treated textiles refers to the wear that occurs at the sleeve cuffs, pants cuffs and shirt collars. Said term does not generically include snagging and pulling as is known in the art to occur specifically to knitted materials, double knits and warp knits of polyester, as well as to knits or wovens of wool, cotton, cotton blends, rayon, acrylates and nylon materials. Accordingly, where knitted articles, cellulose acetate and mixtures thereof, particularly those of double knit construction, have shown a tendency to snag on sharp or pointed objects, treatment with a durable press resin finish will not prevent snagging and pulling, notwithstanding the fact that other resin treated fabrics might be more resistant to abrasion by treatment therewith.
• thermoplastic fiber containing textile material so treated.
• this invention a process for rendering knitted and woven, particularly thermoplastic fiber-containing materials, more resistant to picking, snagging and pulling, comprising treating same with an aqueous emulsion containing approximately by weight:
• (I) CI-l CHOCOR wherein R is a straight or branched chain alkyl radical of l to 18 carbons, preferably 1 to 3.
• the vinyl esters of a-unsaturated monocarboyxic acids may be used to provide the desired kind of final polymer. While vinyl esters maybe of small molecular size such as vinyl acetate, vinyl proprionate, or vinyl butyrate, esters of larger molecular size may also be used, such vinyl monomers as vinyl caprylate, vinyl laurate, or vinyl stearate. Vinyl acetate or propionate is particularly preferred.
• the acrylic ester monomer (or mixtures thereof) employed herein may be any ester of acrylic, methacrylic, a-ethacrylic, or a-chloracrylic acid with a monohydroxylic organic compound referred to herein as a monohydric alcohol, which may be saturated, aromatic or aliphatic, straight or branched chain, substituted or unsubstituted.
• suitable monohydroxylic organic compounds which may be employed for esterifying one of the above mentioned acrylic acids
• suitable monohydroxylic organic compounds which may be employed for esterifying one of the above mentioned acrylic acids
• alcohols such as, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, isobutyl, 2-ethyl hexyl, amyl, hexyl, cyclohexyl, heptyl, dodecyl, octyl, iso tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl, oleyl, arachidyl, ceryl, dimethylaminoethyl, teriary-butylaminoethyl, and benzyl alcohol in addition to phenol, naphthol and the like.
• esters are substantially water insoluble.
• the ester of the a-unsaturated acid is preferably an alkyl acrylate, in other words, the ester of an a,,B-mono-olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid, i.e., those alkyl esters of acrylic acid wherein the alkyl portion contains about I to about 12, preferably l-8 and optimally l-4 carbon atoms.
• the alkyl chain may be a straight or branched chain.
• the alkyl acrylate monomers used in the preparation are described by the following formula:
• R is a straight or branch-chained alkyl radical.
• R is a straight or branch-chained alkyl radical.
• R is a straight or branch-chained alkyl radical.
• R is a straight or branch-chained alkyl radical.
• R is a straight or branch-chained alkyl radical.
• R has from 1 to 8 carbons.
• Especially preferred monomers falling within above defined group are methylacrylate, ethylacrylate, n-butylacrylate and 2-ethylhexylacrylate, as these materials are readily available and relatively inexpensive.
• R may be hydrogen or methyl; in latter case, the monomer is methacrylate and the methyl, ethyl and n-butyl ester are the preferred species.
• the a-unsaturuted carboxylic acids preferably employed are the a,,8-olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids having from l7 carbon atoms, representative members of which include, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, ethacrylic acid, mesaconic acid, citraconic acid, sorbic acid, maleic acid, crotonic acid and the like and anhydrides thereof.
• the preferred monomeric acids are the a,[3-monoolefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids.
• the most preferred are the a,B-monoolefinically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids, particularly acrylic and methacrylic acids.
• the acrylic acid monomeric units are derived from an a,,B-unsaturated acid of the formula:
• (III) CH, 1 J-CO0H wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl group of l to about 7 carbon atoms.
• R is hydrogen or an alkyl group of l to about 7 carbon atoms.
• Illustrative of such compounds are acrylic acid and methacrylic acid as well as those acids wherein R is an alkyl group of 2 to 7 carbon atoms. These compounds and their methods of preparation are well known in the art. Acrylic acid is especially preferred because of its ready availability and the excellent properties of the products obtained therefrom.
• R is an amine or diamine radical, oxygen, or dicarboxylic acid radical.
• Diallylphthalate, diallylether, diallylamine are the preferred compounds, which fall into this category.
• the comonomers that are useful in this invention include those which cross-link or cure to form a relatively soft film. These monomers should combine softness, resilience and low temperature flexibility with im proved wash fastness. They are cross-linkable, which means that they are self cross-linking and react or cure in situ under the curing conditions of this invention set forth hereinafter. The compound or compounds having acid groups that are capable of cross-linking may be reacted in situ during the curing step of this procedure if desired, to form a thermosetting type resin.
• the aforesaid cross-linking component i.e. carboxylic acid
• the bifunctional monomer e.g. diallylphthalate
• the finish gradually leaches out each time the fiber is washed.
• Polymers containing only acrylates or vinylesters in combination with a non-carboxylic cross-linkable comonomer are inferior to the polymers of this invention in protecting knit fabrics against mechanical damage.
• the process of the present invention may be applied to knitted or woven fabrics and also to fabrics or articles containing wool and/or nylon in admixture with other fibers such as the synthetic protein fibers, cotton, rayon, casein fiber and cellulose acetate.
• articles which may be treated according to the present invention are underwear, or outerwear garments, hose socks and stockings, felt, hats, ties, furnishing fabrics, upholstery, gloves, scarves, curtains, etc.
• the process of the invention may be applied to a dyed or undyed material.
• the dyeing may be effected during the process of the present invention or may be effected subsequent to the treatment. It is, however, preferable that the textile materials treated in accordance with this invention should be free of other finishes, i.e., lanolin, lubricants or the like.
• the fabrics or articles so treated in accordance with this invention show an increased resistance to picking, snagging and pulling.
• picking refers to the tendency of fabric to have unsightly broken threads and holes, this characteristic being particularly present in knitted goods.
• the measure of this physical characteristic of fabrics can be carried out on the Hanes Pick Tester, U.S. Pat. No. 3,044,293.
• This tester comprises a small cylindrical tumbling device equipped with baffles and with a number of straight pins protruding from the cylinder wall. In the use of this pick testing device, the goods are first inspected and all defects marked and then put into the pick tester and tumbled.
• snagging refers to the tendency of knitted and woven fabrics to have broken threads and holes or loose loops of thread protruding from the fabric.
• the measurement of the resistance of the fabric thereto is done with a so-called Mace- Tester which comprises a tumbling steel ball having pins protruding from its surface. The pins come in contact with the stretched fabric in a reproducible fashion; after 600 revolutions on the Mace-Tester, the fabric is examined and the defects caused by the tester are determined.
• the instant process of applying said finish to such goods is particularly effective on garments produced from textured textile yarn, polyester knits, polyester double-knits, warp knits, and polyester blends used in knit goods.
• the finish when applied to the goods, shows a definite ability to reduce snagging and to permanently modify the hand of the fabric, thus making the fabric particularly attractive for menswear.
• the finish may be applied at various levels for durable hand building of the fabric and/or to provide varying degrees of anti-snag characteristics.
• emulsions prepared and used in accordance with the instant invention have been found to be homogeneous, stable, aqueous emulsions containing the polymeric product as above defined.
• the emulsions are characterized by unusually good stability, low to medium viscosities, the ability to deposit a clear transparent film on a glass plate and a polymeric product which is essentially water insoluble and at least about 90% soluble in aromatic solvents, i.e., benzene.
• the emulsions are further characterized by the ability to be converted to a thermosetting product by heating to about 100 to 180C for 1 hour to 1 minute, respectively.
• the ratio of each of the monomers may be varied as desired over a wide range. However, for obtaining optimum properties, the following ratios by weight of the monomers are operable:
• the polymers of this invention are conveniently prepared by subjecting a mixture of the aforesaid monomers in the requisite amounts to conditions conducive to vinyl polymerization. This copolymerization may be induced by the action of known free radicals and proceeds exothermically once initiated.
• Suitable catalysts include organic peroxides and hydroperoxides, alkali metal persulfates and aliphatic azo-compounds, as well as other catalytic free radical compounds known to the art.
• the free radical-supplying redox polymerization catalysts useful in the present process are well known in the art. Most of these catalysts are compounds yielding oxygen under the conditions of polymerization, as represented by the inorganic and organic peroxygen or peroxide compounds.
• these compounds there may be mentioned hydrogen peroxide, metal and alkali metal peroxides such as sodium, potassium, barium and zinc peroxide; diacyl peroxides such as diacetyl, dibenzoyl and dilauroyl peroxide; dialkyl peroxides such as di-tertiary-butyl peroxide and cyclohexene peroxide; hydroperoxides such as tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide and p-methane hydroperoxide; peroxygen acids such as perfomic, persulfuric and peracetic acid and their ammonium, sodium and potassium salts, in addition to systems such as potassium or ammonium persulfate-sodium bisulfite.
• oxygen-yielding compounds or sources include atmospheric oxygen, ozone and the like.
• an activating agent such as an alkali metal sulfite or bisulfite can be added to promote the reaction.
• the catalyst is employed in a catalytically effective amount which may range from about 0.01 to about 2.0, preferably 0.05 to 0.5 parts by weight based on the total weight of the mixture.
• the polymerization is preferably carried out in an aqueous media, such as water, thus giving stable, aqueous emulsions containing solid, dispersed particles.
• aqueous media such as water
• the size of these particles may vary between A and 5000 A, but the preferred particle size is 500 A-2500 A.
• an activating agent such as an alkali metal sulfite or bisulfite can be added to the system in which case lower reaction temperatures may be used.
• Chain regulators such as mercaptans, can also be employed in the polymerization.
• Suitable surface active agents include fatty acid soaps, fatty alcohol sulfates and sulfonates, as well as sulfates and sulfonates of alkylphenoxy poly(ethylenoxy)ethanol, etc. It has been found that stable emulsions of the type described in this invention can be prepared without the acid of an emulsifying agent or protective colloid, although it has been observed that it is preferable to add such materials to the emulsion recipe in order to obtain high conversions and greater stability of the resultant emulsions. The polymerization should be carried out in the absence of free oxygen,
• a blanket of a neutral gas such as nitrogen, argon or the like.
• the catalyst and the mixture of monomers may be admixed in any order, in increments or otherwise.
• a reducing agent e.g. sodium meta bisulfite
• the pH of the medium is substantially non-critical, though a pH of below 6.0 and preferably between 3.5 and 4.5 is preferred. Completion of the reaction is determined by cessation of evolution of heat and/or spot analysis for residual monomer and the like. The thus produced aqueous emulsion containing the polymeric product is thereafter applied to the fabric.
• the polymeric material described above is utilized in a water base emulsion as the treatment medium in accordance with this invention.
• the polymeric material is first diluted to a solids content of from about 5 to about 20% based upon the weight of the emulsion.
• the polymeric material will preferably be present in the emulsion in the approximate range of 7 to 12% by weight. Where a viscosity improver can be utized to obtain a more uniform emulsion, a higher content can be used.
• catalytic initiators are preferably acid catalysts that are well-known in the textile arts, although in certain instances a basic catalyst may be used. The catalyst most frequently used is oxalic acid.
• the amount of catalyst to be utilized above is that conventionally used in activating the reaction between textile resins or polymers and hydroxy groups of cellulose, for example, up to about 5% by weight of an acid acting compound on the fabric with the preferred range being from about 1 to about 2%, based on the weight of the polymer.
• a preferred range for the base acting catalyst is again the conventional amount and is generally between about 0.2 to about 16% preferably about 2 to 16%.
• any of the well-known lubricants that are conventionally used to facilitate subsequent processing of fabrics may be added to the polymeric emulsions so long as they are compatible herewith.
• antifoaming agents and other additives that do not affect the hand, stretch or other desirable characteristics of the fabric or garment may be added to the emulsion.
• the emulsion may also contain to 3.5% of a softener based on the weight of the fabric, this depending on the particular ratio of monomeric units in the polymeric emulsion and the desired hand of the finished product.
• Suitable softeners include Gafstat AD- l0 a free acid of a complex phosphate ester; Gafac RM-7 IO a phosphate ester with an aromatic hydrophobic base; Cutless 50 a blend of polyethylene and cationic softeners and the like.
• the process of applying the emulsion may be carried out with existing plant equipment, such as a pad box and roll and drying frames.
• the process comprises applying the emulsion to the material from a pad bath; the emulsion is padded onto, e.g., polyester fiber such that there is approximately lOO% wet pick up thereon; times may vary, however, generally a few seconds to 5 minutes or more is adequate.
• the pad bath temperature should be ambient to about 50 to 140F, preferably about F.
• the drying temperature are about 220 to about 25 5F.
• the curing temperatures are about 285F to 350F; time will be approximately 30 seconds where the temperature is about 310F, greater time being required for lesser temperatures and lesser time being required at the higher temperatures.
• the aqueous emulsion is applied to the fabric or material.
• a number of materials may be placed in a suitable container designed for a liquid treatment of this nature, and the articles or materials dipped and preferably submerged in the emulsion bath for a period of time ranging from a few seconds to 5 minutes or more.
• the emulsion bath may be at room temperature or at a temperature ranging up to about F.
• the article is placed in an extractor for the purpose of extracting the excess liquid emulsion that may remain thereon.
• This extractor may comprise a spin dryer, for example. It should be understood that other means for applying the emulsion of this invention may be utilized, for example, spraying, padding or the like.
• the material is preferably air dried for a period of time ranging approximately from an hour to 24 hours.
• the polymeric material will usually be present on the material or fabric in a weight percentage varying from about 0.1 to 15%, based on the weight of the material or fab ric.
• some curing or cross-linking may take place. It is preferable, though not absolutely necessary, that some. curing take place in this stage so that subsequent treatments of the material or fabric may be facilitated, without adhesion of the materials or fabric to the processing equipment.
• materials are allowed to dry after treatment with the above described emulsion and extraction for a sufficient period of time to effect the partial cure of this polymeric material.
• the final result is a finished fabric having a desirable hand, light fasteness, durability and other good fabric qualities. These and other properties may be determined by tests known in the trade.
• the emulsion is equally as effective on warp knit and stretch wovens as it is on double knit polyesters. Also included are the Banlon texturized nylon fabrics and Acrilon acrylate fabrics as well as rayon-polyester blends.
• Apparatus 2 liter resin kettle, equipped with mechanical stirrer, reflux condenser, thermometer, gas inlet tube and two graduated dropping funnels.
• the reactants are stirred for 10 minutes, then heating is started, and the temperature of the contents of the kettle is raised to 65C. At this temperature, addition from both graduated dropping funnels is started, and the monomers and activator are added simultaneously over a 2 hour period. When the addition is completed, the mixture is stirred at 65C for the 15 additional minutes. After which the temperature is raised to 85C which is maintained for one-half hour. F inally, the temperature is lowered to 25C and the product, a milky, white latex, is discharged through cheesecloth.
• EXAMPLE 2 Apparatus As described in Example 1 Procedure: 763 g. distilled water is placed in the resin kettle, g C hydroxy alkylsulfonate, 5 g. lgepal CO- 970 and g acrylic acid are added. The pH of the solution is adjusted to 7.5 with conc. ammonium hydroxide solution. After which 41 g. vinylacetate and 41 g butylacrylate are added and the system is purged with nitrogen.
• EXAMPLE 3 Apparatus: 5 l. kettle, equipped as described in Example 1 Procedure: Similar to Example 1, except that the monomer mixture consists of 486.8 g. butylacrylate, 54.7 g. 2-ethylhexylacrylate, 473.8 g. vinylacetate, 15.4 g. acrylic acid and 7 g. diallyl phthalate.
• EXAMPLE 4 Apparatus As described in Example 1 Procedure: 448 g. distilled water is placed in the kettle. Five gram itaconic acid is dissolved in 85 g. distilled water, and 10 g. of this solution is added to the kettle.
• Heating is started and the contents of the kettle are heated to 50C. At this temperature gradual addition of monomers, itaconic acid solution and catalyst solution is started. The addition is made over 1 /2 hour. After the addition is completed, the temperature is allowed to increase, but is not allowed to exceed 65C. The peak temperature is maintained for 15 minutes. After that the latex is cooled to room temperature, the pH is adjusted to 6.5 with conc. ammonium hydroxide solution, and the polymer is discharged through cheese-cloth.
• EXAMPLE 5 Apparatus As described in Example 1 Procedure: Similar to the one described in Example 1, except the monomer mixture consists of 492.5 g. butylacrylate, 7.5 g. methacrylic acid and 0.7 g. diallyl phtalate.
• EXAMPLE 6 Apparatus: as described in Example 1 Procedure: 425 g. distilled water is charged into the reaction kettle. 25 g. lgepal CO-970, 2 g. sodium bicarbonate and 0.15 g. ammonium persulfate are added. The system is purged with nitrogen.
• EXAMPLE 7 EXAMPLE 8 (pad bath formulation preparation) Emulsion of Example I Gaftex E-cationic polyethylene emulsion Water grns. 20-40 grns. I000 grns.
• the pad bath is heated to 75-l20F and padded onto the fabric with the pad roll pressure adjusted to obtain 80% wet pick up.
• the padded fabric is then dried and cured for l-2 minutes at temperatures from EXAMPLE H To determine anti-shrink and fabric stabilization properties of the finish on polyester/cotton blends.
• 3 X 13 inch pieces of polyester double knit fabric are 20 All pad baths are heated to 6;; and applied at treated as described in Example 7, using as pad-baths, 100% wet pick up on broadcloth cotton and 65/35 Polymerlc emulslons descljlbed m ExamPles 1 thr( )ugh polyester cotton. All finishes are pre-dried at 250F for 6, respectively. Another piece of 3 X 13 inch fabric 5 minutes before the final cure dipped into distilled water instead of the polymeric Finishes A and C are cured for 12 minutes at 0 P is used as (iontrol' in an attempt to cross-link the finish directly to the cot- The pieces are tested for: ton.
• Fimshes B and D are S 600 1 h M T t cured for 2 minutes at 325 F m an attempt to cross-lmk revo on t e es as the finish internally without cross-linking to the cotton.
• Shrinkage tests are run by boiling the fabrics for 10 g i gl gg as per TTC test minutes, rinsing, extracting and steam pressing to drymet ness.
• l0 X 10 inches swatches are used and a 5 inch Snaggmg (after drycleanmg as per AATTC test square is measured off and marked in the center of method 86'19 70) each swatch just prior to boiling. The results are as fold.
• Wet-crock using AATTC test method no. lows.
• a process for treating knitted textile materials comprising applying to said materials an aqueous emulsion of an interpolymer comprising approximately by weight:
• H C CHOCOR wherein R is a straight or branched chain C alkyl radical
• R is straight or branched lower alkyl and R is hydrogen or C alkyl
• R is selected from the group consisting of oxygen, an amine radical, and a dicarboxylic acid radical
• unit (a) is vinyl acetate.
• unit (b) is selected from the group consisting of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butylacrylate and 2-ethyl hexylacrylate.
• unit (b) is ethyl acrylate.
• unit (b) is ethyl hexylacrylate.
• unit (c) is a monocarboxylic acid.
• unit (c) is a dicarboxylic acid.
• unit (d) is diallyl phthalate.
• a process as defined in claim 1 further comprising adding at least one suitable textile softener to said emulsion.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

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Cited By (10)

Citations (11)

• 1973
  • 1973-04-11 US US34998873 patent/US3900663A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1975
  • 1975-08-15 NL NL7509743A patent/NL7509743A/xx unknown
  • 1975-08-19 DE DE19752536810 patent/DE2536810A1/de active Pending

Patent Citations (11)

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