US3900189A - Equipment for treating materials at high temperature and at high pressure - Google Patents

Equipment for treating materials at high temperature and at high pressure Download PDF

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Publication number
US3900189A
US3900189A US488991A US48899174A US3900189A US 3900189 A US3900189 A US 3900189A US 488991 A US488991 A US 488991A US 48899174 A US48899174 A US 48899174A US 3900189 A US3900189 A US 3900189A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
strip
tube
cylinder
sheath
rods
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US488991A
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English (en)
Inventor
Staffan Elmgren
Lennart Svensson
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ABB Norden Holding AB
Original Assignee
ASEA AB
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ASEA AB filed Critical ASEA AB
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Publication of US3900189A publication Critical patent/US3900189A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/001—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a flexible element, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure; Isostatic presses
    • B30B11/002—Isostatic press chambers; Press stands therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
    • B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to equipment for treating materials at high temperature and high pressure, comprising a high-pressure cylinder which is built up of an inner thick-walled tube and a prestressed wire or strip sheath wound around said tube and taking up the main part of the stresses occurring, end closures projecting into the cylinder, which together with the cylinder form a pressure chamber, and means for taking up axial compressive forces from a pressure medium enclosed in the pressure chamber.
  • the equipment is primarily intended for pressure furnaces for hot pressing of, for example, powder bodies at high temperature, up to I500C, in a gaseous atmosphere under high pressure, preferably 500 bar and thereabove, for bonding the powder grains into a solid homogeneous body having high density.
  • the Prior Art Furnaces of this kind have been further described in US. Pat. No. 3,628,779.
  • the pressure chamber surrounds a furnace compartment. Between the furnace compartment and the walls of the pressure chamber is an insulating casing.
  • the structure which provides the space inside the pressure chamber is expensive, so it is desirable to hold down the wall-thickness of the insulation to obtain a large useful furnace space. Because of the heat losses through the insulating sheath the walls of the pressure chamber are heated. In view of the high stresses in the high-pressure cylinder, the temperature of the material must be limited to some hundreds of degrees Centigrade.
  • the high-pressure cylinder is provided with cooling channels in a tubular layer in the strip sheath, or between the strip sheath and the inner tube of the cylinder.
  • a layer of rods with bevelled corners are laid around the inner tube of the high-pressure cylinder, thus obtaining a tubular rod layer.
  • the cooling channels are formed between the bevels of the rods and the surrounding strip sheath or a sheet-metal tube which prevents cooling medium from penetrating into the strip sheath of the cylinder.
  • the rods are parallel with the axis of the cylinder.
  • the cooling channels are axially oriented. Cooling agent is supplied through end rings and is distributed around the cylinder through an annular space formed by the end rings and the rods.
  • the rods suitably cover the outer surface of the highpressure cylinder entirely. The radial forces in the strip sheath will then be substantially evenly distributed and additional stresses are substantially avoided.
  • a tube with slots is placed around the inner tube of the high-pressure cylinder and the cooling channels are formed by the walls in the slots and preferably by the surrounding strip sheath or a sheet-metal tube between the tube with the slots and the strip sheath.
  • Cooling medium slots on the inside of the tube may be used in certain cases but may involve a certain risk of dangerous stress concentrations in high-pressure cylinders, the inner tube of which is greatly stressed and made of a highstrength material which is often sensitive to stress concentrations.
  • the cooling channels are in heat exchange contact on at least one side with the strip, and are located at a position at a substantial distance inwardly from the outside of the strip.
  • FIG. I shows a highpressure furnace, partly in section.
  • FIG. 2 is an axial section through the upper and lower ends of a high-pressure cylinder.
  • FIG. 3 is a radial section through the same highpressure cylinder on the line AA in FIG. 2, and
  • FIG. 4 is a radial section through an alternative form of cylinder.
  • 1 designates a press stand which is movably arranged between the position shown in FIG. 1 and a position where it surrounds the pressure chamber 2.
  • the press stand is of the type which consists of yokes 3 and 4 and intermediate spacing pieces 5 and a prestressed strip sheath 6 holding these together.
  • the stand is supported by wheels 7 running on rails 8.
  • the high-pressure chamber 2 is supported by a pillar 9. It comprises a highpressure cylinder 10 having an upper end closure 11 with a seal 12 and a lower end closure 13 consisting of a ring 14 with a seal 15 and a bottom portion 16 with a seal 17 projecting into said ring.
  • a furnace space 18 with a workpiece 49 In the pressure chamber 2 is a furnace space 18 with a workpiece 49.
  • the pressure medium forces acting on the end closures 11 and 13 are taken up by the press stand 1.
  • Between the walls of the pressure chamber and the furnace room 18 is an insulating casing consisting of an insulating cylinder 19, an insulating lid 20 and an insulating bottom 21.
  • the furnace room is surrounded by electrical heating elements 22. These are supplied with energy through the line 23.
  • Pressure medium is introduced into the pressure chamber 18 through the channel 24.
  • the bottom portion 18 is raisable and low erable for charging the furnace room. It is supported by a bracket 25 with a guide 26 running along a rod 27. The operation is performed with the help of a hydraulic cylinder 28, the piston rod of which, 29, is connected to the guide 26.
  • the high-pressure cylinder contains an inner tube 30 around which there is wound a strip sheath 31.
  • the strip is wound on under prestressing.
  • the strip sheath absorbs the main part of the forces generated by the pressure medium.
  • the. strip sheath was cooled on the outside in order to limit the temperature on the inner wall 32 of the tube 30 to a value tolerable from the point of view of strength.
  • the thickness of the strip sheath increases, and also the difficulties of keeping the temperature of the tube wall down.
  • the temperature drop between the tube wall and the outer portion of the strip sheath will be considerable during the heat transfer in question and may amount to 50 100C.
  • the temperature gradient within the strip sheath causes undesirable changes in the stresses within the dfferent layers of the strip which are both unfavorable and difficult to calculate.
  • cooling channels are located inside the strip sheath or be tween the strip sheath and the inner tube of the cylinder.
  • a number of rods 33 have been inserted between the tube 30 and the strip sheath 3]. These rods are axially oriented and form an annular layer around the tube 30. The inner surfaces 34 of the rods make contact with the outer surface 35 of the tube 30. The outer corners of the rods are bevelled.
  • Between the rods and the strip sheath 31 is a sheet-metal tube 36.
  • the bevelled surfaces 37 of the rods and the'inner surface 38 of the sheet-metal tube together form the walls of axial channels 39.
  • end rings 40 which are axially fixed in relation to the tube 30 with lock rings 41.
  • annular slot in which there is inserted a sealing ring 43 preventing cooling medium from penetrating out between the tube 30 and the rings 40.
  • sealing ring 44 preventing pressure medium from penetrating out into the strip sheath.
  • annular space 45 for distribution of cooling medium around the rods 33.
  • Cooling medium is introduced through the channel 46 in the ring and is distributed in the annular space around the rods 33 and flows axially in the channels 38 to the space 45 in the other ring 40 and from there through the channel 46 and 'lines (not shown) to an outflow or to a cooler.
  • FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment having rods located between layers inside the strip sheath.
  • the strip sheath consists of an inner portion 31a which is directly wound around the tube 30. This part consists of a small number of strip layers, for example between three and 10 layers. Outside the inner portion 31a of the strip sheath there are placed a number of rectangular rods 50 at a distance from each other. Outside the rod layer the outer portion 31b of the strip sheath is wound. Between the rods 50 and the strip sheath portions 31a and 3112 there are formed axial cooling water channels 51. The inner strip sheath portion distributes the rod pressure so that the tube 30 subjected to a substantially uniform radial force.
  • Equipment for treating material at high temperature and high pressure comprising a high pressure cyl- -inder which is built upfrom a tube and a prestressed force-absorbing wire orstrip sheath, wound around said tube, end closuresprojecting into the cylinder and means for taking up forces acting on the end closures, the cylinder is provided with cooling channels in a tubular layer in heat-exchange contact on at least one side with a part of the strip sheath and located at a substantial distance inwardly from the outside of the strip sheath.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
US488991A 1974-05-07 1974-07-16 Equipment for treating materials at high temperature and at high pressure Expired - Lifetime US3900189A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE7406059A SE389812B (sv) 1974-05-07 1974-05-07 Utrustning for behandling av material vid hog temperatur och vid hogt tryck

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3900189A true US3900189A (en) 1975-08-19

Family

ID=20321041

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US488991A Expired - Lifetime US3900189A (en) 1974-05-07 1974-07-16 Equipment for treating materials at high temperature and at high pressure

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3900189A (fr)
JP (1) JPS568718B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE2518793C3 (fr)
FR (1) FR2270000B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1496439A (fr)
SE (1) SE389812B (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3993433A (en) * 1975-05-27 1976-11-23 Allmanna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget Cylindrical elongated furnace for treating material at high temperature in a gaseous atmosphere under high pressure
US4013394A (en) * 1974-08-19 1977-03-22 National Forge Company Hot isostatic press system
US4022446A (en) * 1975-10-23 1977-05-10 Autoclave Engineers, Inc. Quenching in hot gas isostatic pressure furnace
US4469650A (en) * 1981-02-16 1984-09-04 Inoue-Japax Research Incorporated Special carbon material
US4537569A (en) * 1983-01-07 1985-08-27 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Hot isostatic pressing apparatus
US4602769A (en) * 1984-05-11 1986-07-29 National Forge Company Apparatus for the cooling of articles which have been subjected to an isostatic pressing process
EP0255603A2 (fr) * 1986-07-30 1988-02-10 Degussa Aktiengesellschaft Four de frittage sous pression élevée
US20040004314A1 (en) * 2002-07-08 2004-01-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd) High temperature/high pressure vessel
CN103465503A (zh) * 2013-09-18 2013-12-25 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 一种温等静压机超高压工作缸结构
US9174367B2 (en) 2011-01-03 2015-11-03 Avure Technologies Ab Non-uniform cylinder

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE411588B (sv) * 1976-08-23 1980-01-14 Asea Ab Cylinderformad langstreckt ugn for behandling av material vid hog temperatur i en gasatmosfer under hogt tryck
JPS5561398A (en) * 1978-11-02 1980-05-09 Agency Of Ind Science & Technol Hot hydrostatic press unit

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3676079A (en) * 1966-03-28 1972-07-11 Research Corp Pressure calcintering
US3703278A (en) * 1969-03-03 1972-11-21 Asea Ab Furnace for sintering powder

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE357213B (fr) * 1971-10-18 1973-06-18 Asea Ab

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3676079A (en) * 1966-03-28 1972-07-11 Research Corp Pressure calcintering
US3703278A (en) * 1969-03-03 1972-11-21 Asea Ab Furnace for sintering powder

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4013394A (en) * 1974-08-19 1977-03-22 National Forge Company Hot isostatic press system
US3993433A (en) * 1975-05-27 1976-11-23 Allmanna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget Cylindrical elongated furnace for treating material at high temperature in a gaseous atmosphere under high pressure
US4022446A (en) * 1975-10-23 1977-05-10 Autoclave Engineers, Inc. Quenching in hot gas isostatic pressure furnace
US4469650A (en) * 1981-02-16 1984-09-04 Inoue-Japax Research Incorporated Special carbon material
US4537569A (en) * 1983-01-07 1985-08-27 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Hot isostatic pressing apparatus
US4602769A (en) * 1984-05-11 1986-07-29 National Forge Company Apparatus for the cooling of articles which have been subjected to an isostatic pressing process
EP0255603A2 (fr) * 1986-07-30 1988-02-10 Degussa Aktiengesellschaft Four de frittage sous pression élevée
EP0255603A3 (fr) * 1986-07-30 1989-05-03 Degussa Aktiengesellschaft Four de frittage sous pression élevée
US20040004314A1 (en) * 2002-07-08 2004-01-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd) High temperature/high pressure vessel
US6960318B2 (en) 2002-07-08 2005-11-01 Kobe Steel, Ltd. High temperature/high pressure vessel
CN100369701C (zh) * 2002-07-08 2008-02-20 株式会社神户制钢所 高温/高压容器
US9174367B2 (en) 2011-01-03 2015-11-03 Avure Technologies Ab Non-uniform cylinder
CN103465503A (zh) * 2013-09-18 2013-12-25 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 一种温等静压机超高压工作缸结构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE389812B (sv) 1976-11-22
JPS50150971A (fr) 1975-12-04
JPS568718B2 (fr) 1981-02-25
DE2518793B2 (de) 1979-01-18
DE2518793A1 (de) 1975-11-20
FR2270000A1 (fr) 1975-12-05
FR2270000B1 (fr) 1981-08-21
SE7406059L (sv) 1975-11-10
DE2518793C3 (de) 1979-09-06
GB1496439A (en) 1977-12-30

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