US3891168A - Apparatus for safeguarding the spacing between successive bodies, especially vehicles on a track - Google Patents
Apparatus for safeguarding the spacing between successive bodies, especially vehicles on a track Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3891168A US3891168A US412254A US41225473A US3891168A US 3891168 A US3891168 A US 3891168A US 412254 A US412254 A US 412254A US 41225473 A US41225473 A US 41225473A US 3891168 A US3891168 A US 3891168A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- electrical conductor
- vehicle
- track
- conductor means
- transmitter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 152
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L3/00—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal
- B61L3/16—Continuous control along the route
- B61L3/22—Continuous control along the route using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using electromagnetic radiation
- B61L3/225—Continuous control along the route using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using electromagnetic radiation using separate conductors along the route
Definitions
- the present safeguarding apparatus assures that successive bodies, such as vehicles on a track, will not bump into each other even where the vehicles must pass through a track junction to travel in different directions.
- the bodies are equipped with transmitter and receiver means and the tracks are equipped with first and second attenuated electrical conductor means for transmitting signals from a preceding body to a succeeding body to measure the spacing between these bodies.
- Said first and second attenuated electrical conductor means are interconnected with each other by further conductor means at least in the area of said junction in such a manner that feeding a signal into the first or second electrical conductor at any given point in said junction area corresponds substantially to feeding said signal into the respective other of said first or second electrical conductor means at the respective opposite point.
- the present invention relates to an apparatus for safeguarding the spacing between successive bodies, specially vehicles on a track, for example, in a local transit system or in metropolitan railroad.
- ever increasing demands have been made for a higher conveying performance as well as for an efficient cruising or schedule speed.
- these two conditions can be satisfied simultaneously only if a very high traffic density is permitted in the individual track section.
- the safeguarding of the spacing between successive vehicles becomes especially important.
- a high traffic density calls for sequencing durations between adjacent cars which last only a few seconds in transit systems employing so called individual vehicles.
- sequencing durations of a few seconds cannot be handled with the necessary spacing safety by conventional means such as a spot light signal or a so called linear influencing system.
- conventional means are unsatisfactory because each moving body or rather vehicle must control its speed and its spacing from the preceding vehicles in response to the speed of the preceding vehicle where the above mentioned short sequencing durations are to be maintained.
- a basic requirement for this type of operation calls for continuously informing each vehicles with regard to its spacing from the respective preceding vehicle. Stated differently, supplying such information only at predetermined reference points will not be sufficient.
- US. patent application 277,783 filed Aug. 3, 1972,Peter Kraus et al.
- each vehicle is equipped with a transmitter means and with a receiver means.
- Each receiver has a predetermined input sensitivity.
- the tracks are equipped with electrical signal-conveying means providing a special predetermined attenuation in such a manner that a signal emanating from the transmitter means with a defined amplitude will be received by the receiver means of the next following vehicle as an indication of the spacing between the two vehicles because the signal amplitude will decrease in a defined manner as a function of the spacing from the transmitter due to said attentuation.
- the signal conveying medium is a homogenous, electrical conductor means which is attenuated to such an extent that the amplitude of a signal coupled into the conductor means by a signal transmitter diminishes in a measurable manner already after passing through a short length of said conductor means, for example, after one meter. Therefore, it is possible to use the amplitude of a signal at the location of a receiver means as a measure for the spacing between the transmitter and receiver means. that is between the two vehicles.
- each vehicle receives continuously through its receiver having a defined input sensitivity, information regarding its spacing from the respective preceding vehicle as long as the transmitter of the preceding vehicle feeds a signal of a defined amplitude into the attenuated electrical conductor means.
- a succeeding vehicle on a track receives information regarding its spacing from two vehicles ahead of it on a track including a junction, whereby the spacing infonnation shall be supplied continuously with regard to a preceding vehicle travelling in the same direction as the following vehicle whereas the spacing information with regard to a preceding vehicle travelling in a different direction shall be supplied only as long as said preceding vehicle travelling in the different direction has not yet passed completely through a junction departure area;
- the transmitter output power and the receiver input sensitivity is variable in response to the speed of the respective vehicle.
- an apparatus for safeguarding the spacing between successive bodies, especially vehicles on a track including a track junction with track branches extending into different directions wherein each vehicle is provided with transmitter and receiver means for measuring the spaceing between adjacent vehicles.
- a respective homogenous, electrical conductor providing a special attenuation
- coupling means are provided for coupling the transmitter and receiver means of the individual vehicles with the conductor extending in the direction in which the respective vehicle is intended to travel
- further conductor means interconnect the attenuated, homogenous conductor means extending along the track branches, said further conductor means extending at least from the beginning of the junction to the end of a junction departure area.
- the further conductor means are arranged at uniform intervals relative to each other.
- the further conductor means may comprise galvanic connections arranged at such narrow intervals relative to each other that the coupling of a signal into one of the first mentioned conductors at any point therealong corresponds substantially to the coupling of the signal into the other of the first mentioned conductors at the respective opposite point.
- the narrow intervals between adjacent further conductor means are used up to the end of the junction departure area.
- one attenuating conductor means will thus be provided for each track or branch, that is for each direction. Further, upon reaching the junction the transmitter and receiver means of a vehicle will be coupled only to that attenuating conductor which extends in the direction in which the vehicle is intended to travel in order to receive signals from a preceding vehicle intended to travel in the same direction for the measuring or controlling of the spacing of the following vehicle from the preceding vehicle. However, due to the interconnection which is provided according to the invention between the two attenuating electrical conductor means, the following vehicle is also capable to receive signals from a preceding vehicle which is intended to travel in a different direction, even though the receiver of the vehicle has been coupled to but one of said attenuating conductor means.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic plan view of a track section with a junction and two track branches wherein an electrical conductor extends along each rail of the track and into the respective track branch;
- FIG. 2 illustrates a sectional view through one of the electrical conductor means extending along the rails of FIG. 1, whereby the conductor means is arranged in the gap between two U-shaped iron cores of a coupling means, such as a coupling coil;
- FIG. 3 illustrates a perspective view of a section of one of the attenuating electrical conductor means used in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 4 is a simplified plan view of a track and junction illustrating the interconnection between the electrical conductor means extending along the rails as illustrated in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view similar to that of FIG. 1 but illustrating amplifier means interconnecting the attenuating electrical conductor means as well as simulating circuit means interconnecting certain of the amplifiers with each other.
- FIG. 1 illustrates three vehicles 1, 2, and 3 which constitute so called individual transport facilities of a local transit system. These vehicles travel automatically and without stopping between a point of departure and a point of arrival. These vehicles 1, 2 and 3 cannot pass each other as long as the vehicles are on the same course or track. For this purpose, it is possible to use one tracer guide for the vehicles, for example in the form of a track, rail or the like.
- the vehicles 1, 2 and 3 are located on the track section 4, 5 and 6 interconnected by a junction.
- the directions of vehicle advance are indicated by the arrows 7, 8 and 9.
- the vehicles travel through the junction in the direction of a decentralization whereby the last vehicle 3 is intended to make a left turn when passing through a junction departure area 10 which is marked by a broken line circle in FIGS. 1, 4 and 5 of the drawings.
- the vehicle 3 will pass from the track section 4 into the track section or branch track 5.
- the vehicle 2 must have completely cleared the railway loading gauge of the track sections 4 and 5. As illustrated in FIG. 1, vehicle 2 has not yet completely cleared the track sections 4 and 5.
- the vehicle 3 in order to avoid a collision between the vehicle 3 and the vehicle 1, as well as between the vehicle 3 and the vehicle 2, the vehicle 3 must receive information regarding its spacing relative to both vehicles ahead of it on the left track branch 5 and on the right track branch 6. The travel, or rather the speed of the vehicle 3 must be determined accordingly as long as the vehicle 2 has not yet completely cleared the junction departure area 10. As soon as the vehicle 2, making a right turn, has cleared the junction departure area 10, the last vehicle 3 shall receive information only regarding its spacing relative to the vehicle 1, which has made a left turn corresponding to the turn intended to be made by the vehicle 3. In other words, the speed or travel of the vehicle 3 shall depend only on the speed or travel of the vehicle 1 after the vehicle 2 has cleared the area 10. The manner in which all of these conditions may be met shall now be elucidated in more detail.
- the transmitter means 11 may, for example, comprise known generators for producing a high frequency alternating current.
- transistor generators may be suitable for this purpose.
- the transmitter 11 may be connected by means of a selector switch (not shown) either to a couplingcoil 11 arranged on the left longitudinal side of the vehicle or to the coupling coil 11'' arranged on the right longitudinal side of the respective vehicle 1, 2 and 3.
- the receiver means 12 may each comprise a conventional transistor amplifier which is also connectable by means of a selector switch (not shown) either with a coupling coil 12 arranged on the left longitudinal side of the respective vehicle or with a coil 12" arranged on the right longitudinal side of the respective vehicle.
- All of the coupling coils 11', 11" and 12', 12" which are provided for the transmitter means 11 and for the receiver means 12, are of the same construction with the possible exception of the number of turns.
- the construction of these coils is schematically shown in FIG. 2 whereby only one of the coils l l is illustrated in connection with one of the electrical conductor means 13 as mentioned above.
- the winding 15 of the coil is symmetrically distributed over two U-shaped iron cores 17 having the same dimensions and defining an air gap 16.
- the iron cores 17 are arranged symmetrically relative to the conductor 13 which extends longitudinally through the air gap 16.
- the magnetic'stray flux or leakage will be small relative to the effective flux in the air gaps 16 or in the iron cores 17.
- the magnetic flux will be homogenized in the air gaps. This has the advantage that the efficiency of the transmitter means 11 is at a maximum whereas the sensitivity of the receiver means 12 relative to magnetic stray fields will be at a minimum.
- FIG. 2 further illustrates that the electrical conductor 13 and thus the electrical conductor 14 comprises three parallel conductor members 18. The spacings between the center conductor member and the two outer conductor members are the same. Such a symmetric conductor 13 has a substantially heigher stability against disturbing effects than conventional twin conductors.
- the width of the pole pieces 19 of the iron cores 17 is smaller than the spacing between the center conductor member 18 and the outer conductor members 18 or the electrical conductor means.
- the width of the conductors l3, 14 is larger than the width of the iron cores 17.
- the sliding of the conductor means 13 and 14, along the pole pieces 19, for example due to lateral back and forth movement of the vehicles 1, 2, and 3, may be prevented by making the air gaps 16 sufficiently influence on the coupling between the coils and the respective conductor 13 or 14 if the coils ll, 11', 12', and 12" are constructed as described above, namely, when the coils comprise two windings 15 which are symmetrically distributed on two iron cores 17.
- both conductor means 13 and 14 as shown in FIG. 1 are of the identical construction.
- the individual conductor members 18 are so called flat strip copper conductors or the like which are embedded together with a conducting foil 21 in a sheeth 22 of synthetic material.
- the conducting foil 21 may, for example, comprise a carbon coated fleece of synthetic material.
- the individual conductor members 18 are connected with each other in a conducting manner along their entire length by the conducting foil 21. However, the conductivity of this cross connection is substantially smaller than that of the conductor members 18.
- the combination of the substantial ohmic cross leakage with the longitudinal or series impedance of the conductor members 18 provides the strong attenuation along the conductor means 13 and 14 mentioned above.
- the amplitude of a signal travelling along such especially attenuated homogeneous conductor means diminishes in a measurable manner already after having passed through a short length of the conductor means, for example after one meter.
- the last vehicle 3 is able to receive through its receiving means 12 having a defined input sensitivity, information regarding its spacing relative to the vehicle 1 moving along the left track branch 5.
- Such information is supplied as long as the transmitter means 11 of the vehicle 1 couple a high frequency alternating current signal into the conductor means 13 through the coil 11' and as long as the conductor means 13 are coupled to the coil 12 of the receiving means 12 of the last vehicle 3.
- the last vehicle 3 will receive an information for the control of its travel and braking action as long as the transmitter means 11 of the vehicle 1 travelling on the left branch track transmits a signal.
- the received signal will depend from the speed of the receiving vehicle and from the speed of the preceding transmitting vehicle and from the spacing between the two vehicles.
- the received information is suitable for controlling the travel characteristics of the receiving vehicle 3 in such a manner that a collision with the transmitting vehicle 1 is impossible.
- the vehicle drive means (not shown) are provided with a control member to which the information signals received by the vehicle 3 are supplied as a reference input valve.
- the control member also receives the above mentioned generator derived control voltage.
- the reference value and the control voltage are combined with each other in such a manner that an automatic braking action is applied to the vehicle when the control voltage exceeds the reference voltage. Accordingly, the fact that the control value exceeds the reference value is always an indication that the receiving vehicle 3 has a higher speed than the preceding transmitting vehicle 1 and/or that the spacing between the two vehicles is too small for the speed difference.
- the travel characteristics of the last vehicle 3 are determined by the travel characteristics of the vehicle 1 travelling ahead of the vehicle 3 along the left track branch 5 whereby the mentioned transmitter means 11 and the receiver means 12 with their respective coils l l and 12' are employed in combination with the attenuated electrical conductor means 13.
- the electrical conductor means 13 extending in the direction of travel of the vehicles l and 3 and the electrical conductor means 14 extending in the direction of travel of the vehicle 2 are interconnected with each other by galvanic connections 23.
- these galvanic connections 23 which constitute further conductor means are arranged at uniform intervals relative to each other and extend from the beginning B of the junction to the end E of the departure area 10 as schematically illustrated in FIG. 4.
- the intervals between adjacent connections 23 may, for example, have a width of a few centimeters. Due to these interconnections 23, the coupling of a signal into one of the conductor means 13 or 14 at any random point A corresponds substantially to the direct coupling of the signal into the respective opposite conductor 14 or 13 at the corresponding opposite point A.
- the vehicle 3 will be controlled or react in such a manner as if the vehicle 2, making a right turn, where in front of the vehicle 3 and travelling in the same direction as is intended for the vehicle 3. If the spacing between the vehicles 2 and 3 is too small, that is if the vehicle 3 cannot pass through the junction departure area 10 without interferrence by the vehicle 2, the vehicle 3 will be automatically subjected to a braking action due to the signal received from the vehicle 2. However, this is possible only as long as the vehicle 2 intending to make a right turn has not yet completely cleared the junction departure area 10. After such clearing is completed, the vehicle 2 can transmit signals only to vehicles following in the same branching direction since the interconnections 23 between the conductor means 13 and 14 do not extend beyond the end E of the junction departure area 10.
- This feature of the invention has the advantage that, for example, vehicles which have passed the junction departure area 10 after having made a right turn, can stop without causing a braking action in vehicles which negotiate the junction departure area in a left turn.
- a transmitted signal may influence the receiving means 12 of the vehicle from which the signal has been transmitted.
- a compensating transmitter means 24 which is arranged between the transmitter means 11 and the receiver means 12 of each vehicle 1, 2 and 3. This com pensating transmitter means 24 is coupled to the re spective conductor means 13 or 14.
- the compensating transmitter means 24 correspond in their structure substantially to the transmitter means 11 described above whereby these compensating transmitter means 24 may also be coupled selectively through a selector switch (not shown) either with a coil 24' arranged along the left longitudinal side or with a coil 24" arranged on the right longitudinal side of the respective vehicle 1, 2 and 3. These coils 24 and 24" also correspond in their structure and in their arrangement relative to the conductors 13 or 14 to the coils 11" or 11" of the transmitter means 11 provided for the measuring purposes.
- Each compensating transmitter means 24 transmits a signal having an amplitude corresponding to the amplitude of the signal transmitted by the measuring transmitter means 11 of the same vehicle at the location of the compensating transmitter means whereby a phase shift of 180 is provided between the two signals at said location.
- the signal of the measuring transmitter means 11 is substantially erased at the location of the compensating transmitter means 24 without substantially influencingthe propagation of this signal in the respective conductor ineans 13 or 14 in the direction toward the next following vehicle.
- the vehicles 1, 2 and 3 have been omitted in FIGS. 4 and 5 for simplicitys sake and in order to facilitate the illustration of the further conductor means 23.
- the further conducto means 23 extend directly between the first and second conductor means 13 and 14 galvanically interconnecting these first and second conductor means.
- the further conductor means comprise amplifiers or 26 which, for example, may be conventional transistor amplifiers. These amplifiers are used in the further conductors beginning at the junction and extending to the end of the junction departure area 10.
- the amplifiers 25 permit the transmittal of signals from the left conductor means 13 into the right conductor means 14 as viewed in the direction of vehicle advance.
- the amplifiers 26 on the other hand, permit the signal transmission in the opposite direction. This is illustrated in FIG. 5 for a short section of the track portion 4. As compared to the arrangement of FIG. 4, fewer further connections are required in the embodiment of FIG. 5.
- the intervals between such further conductor means with amplifiers feeding into the same first or second conductor means 13 or 14 may have a width which is smaller than the smallest possible spacing from center to center between two vehicles immediately following each other. As long as said intervals have the just defined width, it is assured that even where there is a smaller spacing between two vehicles, each of which is intended to turn in a different advance direction, the preceding vehicle will be able to transmit signals to the following vehicle.
- the amplifiers 25 and 26 are operated with a strong negative feed-back and provide an amplification or gain of l In this manner it is assured that the signals appearing at the outputs of the amplifiers 26, which are connected to the conductor means 13, are the same with regard to amplitude and phase position as the signals at the inputs of these amplifiers connected to the conductor means 14. Accordingly, in the arrangement of FIG. 5, the coupling of a signal into one of the conductors 13 or 14 at the location of an amplifier 25 or 26 corresponds to directly coupling this signal into the respective other conductor means 14 or 13 at the respective opposite location.
- a signal transmitted through an amplifier 25 or 26 can propagate in the respective conductor 14 or 13 in the direction of vehicle advance only in the limited manner, namely only up to the feed-in point of the next amplifier 25 or 26 connected to the same conductor 14 or 13.
- simulation circuit means 27 or 28 which are connected in phase opposition between the input and output of the two adjacent amplifiers feeding into the same conductor 13 or 14 whereby the simulating circuit means constitute a simulation of the respective conductor means 13 or 14 extending between the two amplifiers.
- the amplifier 26 which is located closer to the junction departure area 10 will, for example, compensates the signal which is present at its feedin point in the conductor means 13 if the other amplifier 26 which is located more remote from the junction departure area 10, feeds a signal into the conductor means 13.
- transformer could be connected into the further conductor means interconnecting the conductor means 13 and 14 in order to keep interferring potentials out of the entire system.
- An apparatus for safeguarding the spacing between successive bodies, especially vehicles on a track including a track junction with track branches extending into different directions, comprising transmitter and receiver means on each body for measuring the spacing between adjacent bodies, first and second homogenous electrical conductor means having a predetermined signal attenuation, and extending along said track and including respective conductor portions extending along said track branches, coupling means operatively arranged for coupling said transmitter and receiver means to that electrical conductor means and portion thereof extending along the track branch on which the body is intended to travel, and further electrical conductor means interconnecting said first and second conductor means at predetermined intervals therealong, said further electrical conductor means starting at least at the beginning of said junction in the track and continuing to the end of an area where a body leaves the junction, said signal attenuation deter mining the distance of signal transmission.
- said transmitter means comprise signal generating means for transmitting signals having a predetermined amplitude, and wherein said receiving means having a predetermined sensitivity.
- intervals between adjacent ones of said further conductor means interconnecting said first and second conductor means have such a narrow width that coupling of a signal into one of said first or second conductors at any point herealong corresponds substantially to directly coupling said signal into the corresponding opposite point along the respective other first or second conductor.
- simulation coupling circuit means are arranged to couple each amplifier means to at least one other amplifier means arranged in front thereof in the direction of travel of the bodies and feeding into the same first or second electrical conductor means.
- intervals between adjacent ones of said further electrical conductor means have a width of a few centimeters.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2254799A DE2254799C3 (de) | 1972-11-09 | 1972-11-09 | Anordnung zur Abstandsteuerung und -sicherung von spurgebundenen Objekten im Bereich einer Verzweigung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3891168A true US3891168A (en) | 1975-06-24 |
Family
ID=5861216
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US412254A Expired - Lifetime US3891168A (en) | 1972-11-09 | 1973-11-02 | Apparatus for safeguarding the spacing between successive bodies, especially vehicles on a track |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3891168A (xx) |
JP (1) | JPS5628751B2 (xx) |
AT (1) | AT331854B (xx) |
CA (1) | CA1003940A (xx) |
DE (1) | DE2254799C3 (xx) |
FR (1) | FR2206225B1 (xx) |
GB (1) | GB1448719A (xx) |
IT (1) | IT999253B (xx) |
NL (1) | NL7313942A (xx) |
SE (1) | SE411331B (xx) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4335432A (en) * | 1980-01-28 | 1982-06-15 | United States Of America | Optimal vehicle following control system |
US4522128A (en) * | 1983-01-10 | 1985-06-11 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | Switch mechanism |
US4965583A (en) * | 1989-05-02 | 1990-10-23 | Charles Broxmeyer | Collision avoidance system for automatically controlled vehicles moving at short headways |
US20140229096A1 (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2014-08-14 | Metrom Rail, Llc | Collision avoidance system for rail line vehicles |
EP2985626A1 (de) * | 2014-08-13 | 2016-02-17 | Sick Ag | Verfahren zur simultanen datenübertragung und abstandsmessung |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102014111589A1 (de) * | 2014-08-13 | 2016-02-18 | Sick Ag | Verfahren zur simultanen datenübertragung und abstandsmessung |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US454625A (en) * | 1891-06-23 | Electric signal for railway-trains | ||
US520520A (en) * | 1894-05-29 | Safety system for railroads | ||
US3263073A (en) * | 1961-07-27 | 1966-07-26 | Stamicarbon | Electronic railway equipment |
US3543020A (en) * | 1968-03-13 | 1970-11-24 | Westinghouse Air Brake Co | Anti-cornering protection for railroad classification yards |
-
1972
- 1972-11-09 DE DE2254799A patent/DE2254799C3/de not_active Expired
-
1973
- 1973-10-10 NL NL7313942A patent/NL7313942A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1973-10-26 FR FR7338287A patent/FR2206225B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-10-29 SE SE7314659A patent/SE411331B/xx unknown
- 1973-10-30 GB GB5044073A patent/GB1448719A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-11-01 CA CA184,789A patent/CA1003940A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-11-02 US US412254A patent/US3891168A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1973-11-05 AT AT928873A patent/AT331854B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-11-07 IT IT30999/73A patent/IT999253B/it active
- 1973-11-08 JP JP12505273A patent/JPS5628751B2/ja not_active Expired
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US454625A (en) * | 1891-06-23 | Electric signal for railway-trains | ||
US520520A (en) * | 1894-05-29 | Safety system for railroads | ||
US3263073A (en) * | 1961-07-27 | 1966-07-26 | Stamicarbon | Electronic railway equipment |
US3543020A (en) * | 1968-03-13 | 1970-11-24 | Westinghouse Air Brake Co | Anti-cornering protection for railroad classification yards |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4335432A (en) * | 1980-01-28 | 1982-06-15 | United States Of America | Optimal vehicle following control system |
US4522128A (en) * | 1983-01-10 | 1985-06-11 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | Switch mechanism |
US4965583A (en) * | 1989-05-02 | 1990-10-23 | Charles Broxmeyer | Collision avoidance system for automatically controlled vehicles moving at short headways |
US20140229096A1 (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2014-08-14 | Metrom Rail, Llc | Collision avoidance system for rail line vehicles |
US9043131B2 (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2015-05-26 | Metrom Rail, Llc | Collision avoidance system for rail line vehicles |
EP2985626A1 (de) * | 2014-08-13 | 2016-02-17 | Sick Ag | Verfahren zur simultanen datenübertragung und abstandsmessung |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IT999253B (it) | 1976-02-20 |
SE411331B (sv) | 1979-12-17 |
GB1448719A (en) | 1976-09-08 |
JPS5628751B2 (xx) | 1981-07-03 |
FR2206225B1 (xx) | 1980-04-18 |
DE2254799C3 (de) | 1975-08-21 |
NL7313942A (xx) | 1974-05-13 |
ATA928873A (de) | 1975-12-15 |
JPS50799A (xx) | 1975-01-07 |
AT331854B (de) | 1976-08-25 |
DE2254799A1 (de) | 1974-05-30 |
DE2254799B2 (de) | 1975-01-16 |
CA1003940A (en) | 1977-01-18 |
FR2206225A1 (xx) | 1974-06-07 |
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