US3889421A - Door arrangement - Google Patents

Door arrangement Download PDF

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Publication number
US3889421A
US3889421A US392342A US39234273A US3889421A US 3889421 A US3889421 A US 3889421A US 392342 A US392342 A US 392342A US 39234273 A US39234273 A US 39234273A US 3889421 A US3889421 A US 3889421A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
door
wall
bolts
bolt
toggle joint
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US392342A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Aarre Ahonen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Meyer Turku Oy
Original Assignee
Wartsila Oy AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wartsila Oy AB filed Critical Wartsila Oy AB
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3889421A publication Critical patent/US3889421A/en
Assigned to MASA-YARDS OY reassignment MASA-YARDS OY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: OY WARTSILA AB
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C9/00—Arrangements of simultaneously actuated bolts or other securing devices at well-separated positions on the same wing
    • E05C9/06—Arrangements of simultaneously actuated bolts or other securing devices at well-separated positions on the same wing with three or more sliding bars
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C9/00—Arrangements of simultaneously actuated bolts or other securing devices at well-separated positions on the same wing
    • E05C9/10—Actuating mechanisms for bars
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10T292/08—Bolts
    • Y10T292/0801—Multiple
    • Y10T292/0834—Sliding
    • Y10T292/0836—Operating means
    • Y10T292/0843—Gear
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10T292/08—Bolts
    • Y10T292/0801—Multiple
    • Y10T292/0834—Sliding
    • Y10T292/0836—Operating means
    • Y10T292/0846—Rigid

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A door arrangement which comprises a movable door of basically rectangular form, a stationary wall and a bolt device comprising movable bolts in the door and a bolt receiving member at the wall.
  • the bolt device includes a driving means for moving the bolts and pressing the door hermetically against the wall.
  • the driving means comprises a driving member connected to a motion transmission system having an axially slightly movable through-going two-ended secondary shaft, one end of which is connected by means of a toggle joint mechanism to the bolt device so as to move the bolts of the upper part of the door, and the other end of which is likewise connected by means of a toggle joint mechanism to the bolt device of the lower part of the door.
  • the invention relates to a door arrangement comprising a movable door, a stationary wall and a bolt device with driving means to press the door hermetically against the wall.
  • Air tight doors are needed for the most different purposes. Especially in the field of nuclear engineering the use of hermetic doors and air locks equipped with such doors to isolate dangerous areas completely from the surroundings. has recently increased. Hermetic doors used in different nuclear plants, must come up to very high standards. The door must be absolutely tight even when subject to high pressure and high temperature. Due to these requirements the doors are very expensive and complicated. In addition to this, it has usually been necessary to design the door arrangement individually for each case, because the bolt devices of the doors have usually been located on the wall surrounding the door, where the available space may vary very much, in size as well as in shape. This too has been a factor contributing in making the manufacturing costs of the door unduly high.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a door arrangement wherein said disadvantages have been eliminated, which arrangement is especially suitable for the different needs of nuclear engineering.
  • the invention is characterized in that the driving means of the bolt device comprises a driving shaft on the like, connected to a motion transmission system having an axially slightly movable, through-going two-ended secondary shaft one end of which is connected by means of a toggle joint mechanism connected to the bolt device of the upper part of the door and the other end of which is likewise connected by means of a toggle joint mechanism to the bolt device of the lower part of the door.
  • a door arrangement according to the invention has proved to be very advantageous as regards its constructional characteristics. Firstly, all the parts, essential for the closing and opening of the door, are located in the door itself so that the doors may easily be standardized. As the driving means of the bolt device is divided in two symmetric parts, the reaction forces into these two parts counteract each other and the bolting forces of the upper and lower parts of the door are balanced so that the whole door is pressed with the same force at all parts against the surrounding wall. This is possible because the two-ended driving shaft of the bolt devices is movable in the axial direction so that possible differences between the bolting forces in the upper and lower parts of the door are balanced through this shaft.
  • the shaft can be axially movable in t motion transmission sleeve, or the whole motion transmission mechanism, including the shaft. can be, for instance, resiliently attached to the door.
  • the bolt devices and the hinge mechanism of a door according to the invention are advantageously designed so that these items, quite different as they are, concur in bringing about the most advantageous construction possible.
  • the door usually is basically rectangular, and its height greatly exceeds its width, there are grounds for providing bolts on the long sides of the door only.
  • the whole structure of the bolt device can be made considerably simpler.
  • the short sides of the door form a weak spot, where leakages easily may occur, due to the fact that the deflection of the door caused by pressure, will be greatest in the middle of the short sides of the door.
  • the door is hinged by means of hinge arms turnably journalled at the surrounding wall and at the door with one end journalled in bearings at the center part of the short sides of the door, the last mentioned bearings with their support structure also form a stiffener reinforcing the weakest part of the door.
  • the door is both hinged and stiffened with the best possible result.
  • this counter piece may also act as a stiffener for the wall.
  • a part originally designed for another purpose may be used as a stiffener, principally in the same way as in the hinge arrangement of the door.
  • the press force needed to seal the door can, in a door arrangement according to the invention, be achieved in the easiest way by providing each bolt of the door with a bevelled surface which together with the corresponding surface of the counter piece for the bolts produce a force pressing the door against the stationary wall as the bolts move outwards from the door.
  • the angle between the longitudinal axis of the bolt and the said bevelled surface is preferably made larger than the friction angle, as it is more advantageous to lock the bolts with the toggle joint mechanism than by means of friction.
  • the toggle joint may in the final stage of the closing of the door somewhat pass its dead center and in this position rest against a fixed stop.
  • the driving means of the toggle joint mechanism of the door is advantageously so designed that there is a substantial clearance, because this clearance may be used to bring about some additional function with the same driving means.
  • the door arrangement acts as a door in an air lock
  • the said additional function may be the closing and opening of a pressure balancing valve at the final stage of the closing and at the beginning stage of the opening of the door. Thus no extra equipment will be needed to operate the pressure balancing valve.
  • the seal of a door arrangement according to the invention should preferably be resilient and there can also be several seals. One seal with several sealing edges can also be used. There are also grounds for arranging a mechanical stop for the door to keep the resilient seal from being too greatly compressed.
  • FIG. 1 shows a door arrangement according to the invention seen from the outside of the door
  • FIG. 2 shows, partly in section, a bolt of the door and its guiding device
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross-section of the sealing arrangement of the door.
  • 1 indicates the wall whereon the door 2 is hinged.
  • a driving means provided with a hand wheel 3 is attached to the wall 1, from which driving means a shaft 4 is connected to a gearing 5 attached in the center portion of the door.
  • a double screw shaft 6 extends vertically through the gearing 5 and has at one end a left-hand screw thread, which, when rotating,
  • FIG. 1 the position of one toggle joint mechanism when the door is completely closed is shown with dotted lines 110.
  • the toggle joint mechanism has then passed its dead center to a self-locking position, and is resting against a fixed stop 25.
  • FIG. 2 shows the bevelled surface 14 at the outer end of bolt 13 and the corresponding surface 15 in the bolt opening of the counter piece 12.
  • the angle between the bevelled surface I4 and the longitudinal axis of the bolt is a little larger than the friction angle, i.e., about 15, which makes the toggle joint mechanism move by itself into a self-locking position in the final stage of the closing of the door.
  • the counter pieces 12 for the bolts 13 also act as stiffeners for the wall 1, and they are fastened to the wall by supporting pieces 16.
  • This clearance brings forth some important advantages. In the first place, the installation of the toggle joint mechanism will be easier, in the second place the toggle joint mechanism will move by itself into a self-locking position, and in the third place, the free space provided by the clearance may be used to obtain additional functions by means of the driving means of the toggle joint mechanism.
  • the driving means may, for instance, be connected to a pressure balancing valve, which will then open and close suitably at the beginning of the opening stage and at the end of the closing stage of the door. Said clearance may, of course, also be placed somewhere else in the motion transmission system of the bolt device.
  • FIG. 3 The sealing system of the door arrangement according to the invention is shown in detail in FIG. 3.
  • Two seals 22 and 23 are provided on the door 2, the latter of which has two sealing edges that under pressure will press more tightly against the counter surface 26.
  • the seal 23 is thus self sealing, To keep the seals from being accidentally compressed so much that they are damaged, a mechanical stop 24 is provided at the door 2.
  • said bolt device further including a driving means for moving said bolts and pressing said door hermetically against said wall
  • said driving means comprising a driving member, a motion transmission system connected to said driving member, and including an axially slightly movable through-going, twoended secondary shaft, upper and lower slides respectively connected to one of the ends of the shaft, at least one toggle joint mechanism for each slide connected at one end to the door and at the other end to a bolt of the respective group, and axially spaced drive elements on said slides engaging the joint of a respective said tog gle joint mechanism for projecting or retracting the as- 5 sociated bolt, one drive element in each pair being on one side of the joint of the associated toggle joint mechanism and the other drive element of the same pair being on the other side of the joint of the associated toggle joint mechanism, each toggle joint mechanism moving to an over-center locked position in going from the retracted to the projected position, stop means on said door for engaging each toggle

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
  • Support Devices For Sliding Doors (AREA)
US392342A 1972-09-01 1973-08-28 Door arrangement Expired - Lifetime US3889421A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI241172 1972-09-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3889421A true US3889421A (en) 1975-06-17

Family

ID=8507065

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US392342A Expired - Lifetime US3889421A (en) 1972-09-01 1973-08-28 Door arrangement

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3889421A (de)
JP (1) JPS4992836A (de)
AT (1) AT325986B (de)
CA (1) CA999487A (de)
CH (1) CH577098A5 (de)
DE (1) DE2343066A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2252760A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1432213A (de)
SE (1) SE396112B (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4754715A (en) * 1984-12-10 1988-07-05 Squires William D Toggle-type safe door locking mechanism
US6357806B1 (en) * 1998-11-13 2002-03-19 Jamco Corporation Door latch device
US8984812B2 (en) * 2012-10-23 2015-03-24 Thyssenkrupp Marine Systems Gmbh Apparatus for shock-secure door or hatch arrangement on marine ships
CN110630120A (zh) * 2019-09-12 2019-12-31 中广核工程有限公司 一种核电厂人员闸门密封门锁紧机构
CN110735582A (zh) * 2019-10-26 2020-01-31 杨国丽 一种用于智能家居的安防装置

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5382249U (de) * 1976-12-09 1978-07-07
FR2533249A1 (fr) * 1982-09-21 1984-03-23 Vanago Joseph Dispositif de verrouillage perimetrique integral pour fermetures
DE3537349A1 (de) * 1985-10-19 1987-04-23 Blohm Voss Ag Verriegelungseinrichtung fuer tueren oder dergleichen, vornehmlich an bord von schiffen
CN104088667A (zh) * 2014-07-14 2014-10-08 江西省煤炭工业科学研究所 一种带有应急检测通道的煤矿井下避难硐室防护密闭门
CN104153696B (zh) * 2014-07-14 2016-03-30 中国核电工程有限公司 人员闸门压力平衡机构
EP4306751A1 (de) * 2022-07-15 2024-01-17 Sommer Fassadensysteme-Stahlbau-Sicherheitstechnik GmbH & Co. KG Verriegelungsvorrichtung, verriegelungsanordnung, verschlussanordnung und montageverfahren zur herstellung

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2337948A (en) * 1940-07-26 1943-12-28 Chicago Metal Mfg Co Door hinge
US2373480A (en) * 1942-10-16 1945-04-10 Heintz Mfg Co Quick-acting door
US3022065A (en) * 1959-04-23 1962-02-20 Weatherproof Products Corp Power apparatus for windows and the like

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2337948A (en) * 1940-07-26 1943-12-28 Chicago Metal Mfg Co Door hinge
US2373480A (en) * 1942-10-16 1945-04-10 Heintz Mfg Co Quick-acting door
US3022065A (en) * 1959-04-23 1962-02-20 Weatherproof Products Corp Power apparatus for windows and the like

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4754715A (en) * 1984-12-10 1988-07-05 Squires William D Toggle-type safe door locking mechanism
US6357806B1 (en) * 1998-11-13 2002-03-19 Jamco Corporation Door latch device
US8984812B2 (en) * 2012-10-23 2015-03-24 Thyssenkrupp Marine Systems Gmbh Apparatus for shock-secure door or hatch arrangement on marine ships
CN110630120A (zh) * 2019-09-12 2019-12-31 中广核工程有限公司 一种核电厂人员闸门密封门锁紧机构
CN110630120B (zh) * 2019-09-12 2021-09-07 中广核工程有限公司 一种核电厂人员闸门密封门锁紧机构
CN110735582A (zh) * 2019-10-26 2020-01-31 杨国丽 一种用于智能家居的安防装置
CN110735582B (zh) * 2019-10-26 2020-12-08 温州斯酷睿机械科技有限公司 一种用于智能家居的安防装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH577098A5 (de) 1976-06-30
FR2252760A5 (de) 1975-06-20
DE2343066A1 (de) 1974-03-07
CA999487A (en) 1976-11-09
GB1432213A (en) 1976-04-14
AT325986B (de) 1975-11-25
ATA748573A (de) 1975-01-15
SE396112B (sv) 1977-09-05
JPS4992836A (de) 1974-09-04

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: MASA-YARDS OY, FINLAND

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:OY WARTSILA AB;REEL/FRAME:005481/0111

Effective date: 19900928