US3889240A - System for programming the starting and stoppage of apparatus for the production and/or processing of cigarettes or the like - Google Patents

System for programming the starting and stoppage of apparatus for the production and/or processing of cigarettes or the like Download PDF

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Publication number
US3889240A
US3889240A US248674A US24867472A US3889240A US 3889240 A US3889240 A US 3889240A US 248674 A US248674 A US 248674A US 24867472 A US24867472 A US 24867472A US 3889240 A US3889240 A US 3889240A
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United States
Prior art keywords
combination
subassemblies
machine
rod
response
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US248674A
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English (en)
Inventor
Joachim Buchegger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koerber AG
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Hauni Werke Koerber and Co KG
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Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19712121044 external-priority patent/DE2121044A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19712161611 external-priority patent/DE2161611A1/de
Application filed by Hauni Werke Koerber and Co KG filed Critical Hauni Werke Koerber and Co KG
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Publication of US3889240A publication Critical patent/US3889240A/en
Assigned to KORBER AG reassignment KORBER AG CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). (HAMBURG) Assignors: HAUNI-WERKE KORBER & CO. KG (MERGED INTO), KORBER GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRANKTER HAFTUNG (CHANGED TO)
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/06—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using cams, discs, rods, drums or the like
    • G05B19/063—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using cams, discs, rods, drums or the like for sequential programme-control without delivering a reference value
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
    • A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
    • A24C5/14—Machines of the continuous-rod type
    • A24C5/31—Machines of the continuous-rod type with special arrangements coming into operation during starting, slowing-down or breakdown of the machine, e.g. for diverting or breaking the continuous rod
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S131/00—Tobacco
    • Y10S131/91—Sensing or detecting malfunction in cigar or cigarette maker

Definitions

  • the aggregates of the second type are activated 318/85, 571, 574; 235/1511, 151.11; 93/1 C and/or deactivated in a predetermined sequence and at predetermined intervals by a programming system
  • References Cited which actuates a series of signal generators which, in UNITED STATES PATENTS turn, control the respective aggregates of the second 2 745 410 5/1956 Molins 131/21 R type"
  • the Programming sysem employs a rotary drum 3 6 7/1959 Powe" at a].
  • I I I I I I I l n H21 R which is driven by the main motor or by a separate 2:948:28] 3/1960 De Vow e a], 13/!
  • the present invention relates to apparatus for the production and/or processing of smokers products, such as plain or filter-tipped cigars, cigarillos or cigarettes and simple or composite filter rod sections.
  • Apparatus for the production and/or processing of rod-shaped articles (such as plain or filter-tipped cigars, cigarillos, cigarettes or cheroots and/or filter stubs and filter rod sections) to which the present invention pertains embody two types of subassemblies or aggregates, namely, aggregates of a first type whose operation is invariably synchronized because they are normally driven by a common output shaft which receives motion from the main prime mover of the apparatus, and aggregates ofa second type whose operation is partially or entirely independent of the operation of aggregates of the first type and which must be activated and- /or deactivated in a predetermined sequence during starting and also during stoppage of the apparatus.
  • aggregates of a first type whose operation is invariably synchronized because they are normally driven by a common output shaft which receives motion from the main prime mover of the apparatus
  • aggregates of a second type whose operation is partially or entirely independent of the operation of aggregates of the first type and which must be activated and- /
  • the aggregates of the first type include the customary distributor whose rollers, drums, belts and/or other movable parts receive motion from the output shaft of the main prime mover and which serves to produce a continuous homogeneous tobacco stream which is thereupon compacted to form a rodlike filler and is wrapped to be converted into a wrapped filler rod; the conveyor or conveyors which transport the tobacco stream, the unwrapped filler rod and the wrapped tobacco rod; the trimming or equalizing device or devices which remove the surplus from the rodlike filler prior to wrapping; the mechanism which imprints various information on cigarette paper; the cutoff which servers the wrapped filler rod to convert it into a succession of plain cigarettes of desired length;
  • the aggregates of the first type include the conveyors which transport plain cigarettes to an assembly station, the device for severing filter rod sections of multiple unit length to yield shorter filter rod sections or stubs, the mechanism which severs filter cigarettes of multiple unit length to convert such cigarettes into filter cigarettes of unit length, one or more testing units which test the quality of filter cigarettes of unit length or multiple unit length, one or more ejecting or segregating devices, and an inverting device which can invert selected filter cigarettes of unit length so that the filter plugs of all such filter cigarettes face in the same direction.
  • the aggregates of the second type are normally not connected with the output shaft of the main motor. As mentioned above, such aggregates are activated and/or deactivated during starting and during stoppage of the apparatus, and they may receive motion from the main prime mover or are provided with discrete prime movers.
  • the means for activating or deactivating certain aggregates of the second type may include suitable clutches which can be engaged or disengaged to thereby transmit motion from the output shaft of the main prime mover to the respective aggregate or aggregates of the second type or to terminate the transmission of such motion.
  • the aggregates of the second type include a paster which is used to provide one of the marginal portions ofa continuous cigarette paper web with a film of adhesive so that such marginal portion will adhere to the other marginal portion when successive increments of the finished wrapped filler rod issue from the wrapping mechanism, a heating device which is normally employed to heat the freshly formed seam so as to cause rapid setting of the adhesive, a cleaning device which is utilized to expel foreign matter from the tubular element or elements through which a wrapped filler rod passes in the cutoff to be subdivided into plain cigarettes of desired length, a mutilating device which can break off the leading end ofa wrapped filler rod 50 as to insure that the rod which is allowed to enter the cutoff is capable of invariably yielding satisfactory plain cigarettes, and one or more segregating devices which are provided for the purpose of segregating those cigarettes which are produced immediately after start- 3 ng of the machine and which are likely to be defective :ven though their seams might be satisfactory.
  • the aggregates of the second type in- lude the conveyors for the feed of filter rod sections and stubs as well as for the feed of a tape which is con i'erted into discrete adhesive-coated uniting bands, a )aster which is used to coat one side of the tape prior severing of the tape to yield discrete uniting bands.
  • 1 segregating device which expels from the normal path :hose filter cigarettes which are produced immediately after starting of the machine, and one or more detectors which scan the various paths and/or the operation of aggregates of the first type.
  • the aggregates of the second type must be activated or deactivated in a predetermined sequence.
  • the starting of a conventional machine for the making of plain cigarettes is started in the following way:
  • the attendant or attendants thread the leader of the cigarette paper web through various components of the machine (such as an automatic or semiautomatic splicer, the imprinting device and the wrapping mechanism), and the tubular elements of the cutoff are cleaned by resorting to a suit able bottle cleaning brush, a bellows or the like.
  • the main prime mover is started so that the distributor begins to form a continuous cigarette stream which is compacted to form a rod-like filler and enters the wrapping station.
  • the attendant thereupon moves the paster to its operative position so that the paster applies a film of adhesive to one marginal portion of the cigarette paper web in that part of the machine wherein the web is nearly completely draped around the rod-like filler.
  • the attendant notes that the paster coats one marginal portion of the cigarette paper web with adhesive, he actuates the seam heating device which engages the freshly formed seam and heats the adhesive to promote the setting and to thereby insure that the compacted tobacco shreds which form the filler cannot open the seam while the thus obtained wrapped cigarette rod or filler rod advances toward the cutoff.
  • the attendant observes the formation of the wrapped rod and, after determining that the wrapper on the rod is satisfactory, actuates a mutilating device which breaks off the foremost part of the rod to thus insure that the rod which enters the cutoff is of satisfactory quality for the making of discrete plain cigarettes.
  • the first cigarettes are ejected by a suitable segregating device which is normally started by the operator and can in clude one or more nozzles for discharge of compressed air.
  • a time delay relay or the like automatically terminates the segregation of first batch of plain cigarettes which are likely to be defective, for example, due to excessive drying of tobacco shreds which remained in the machine after the last stoppage.
  • a filter cigarette making machine is coupled with a filter cigarette making machine
  • the latter is provided with a number of detectors which scan the progress of plain cigarettes and activate various aggregates of the second type in a desired sequence.
  • detectors can activate the respective aggregates through the intermediary of suitable time delay relays to insure that the activation of the respective aggregates will take place at intervals which are presumably best suited for starting of the filter cigarette making machine with minimal waste in plain cigarettes, filter stubs and/or uniting bands.
  • the aggregates of the second type which are used in such filter cigarette making machine include various conveyors for the delivery of filter rod sections and filter stubs.
  • the advancing means for a tape which is to be subdivided into uniting bands serving to connect plain cigarettes with filter stubs, a paster which coats one side of the tape with a film of adhesive, and a segregating device with ejects the first batch of filter cigarettes of unit length or multiple unit length. All this takes place while the main prime mover of the machine drives the aggregates of the first type at a relatively low speed. Once the attendant has determined that all aggregates operate properly, the main prime mover is adjusted to operate the aggregates at the higher or normal speed.
  • the delay between the starting and operation at full speed is too long, the output of the machine or machines is well below an optimum value, especially when the apparatus includes one or more high-speed machines for the production of cigarettes or the like at the normal rate of about articles per second. Furthermore, it is extremely diffieult to visually follow the progress of articles or their components in a machine whose output is so high, even if the machine is operated at the lower or lowest of several speeds.
  • Certain recent types of tobacco processing machines are already equipped with a system of automatic activating and deactivating devices for various aggregates of the second type.
  • Such automatic system employs discrete time delay devices for aggregates of the second type and means for transmitting impulses to such time delay devices in response to a start or stop signal.
  • the time delay devices then activate or deactivate the respective aggregates of the second type in a given sequence and at intervals which are established empirically as being best suited to insure the activation of we cessive aggregates with minimal losses in output and with minimal number of rejects.
  • the intervals between the activation or deactivation of successive aggregates of the second type are selected without considering the possibility of malfunctioning of one or more aggregates of the first type, the possibility of failure of one or more aggregates of the second type, and/or the possibility that the operation is affected by external influences, such as clogging of certain conveyors, channels, tubes or other parts by adhesive, dust or other matter, exhaustion of the supply of web, tobacco shreds or other ingredients of smokers products.
  • the output of the machine or machines will be much less than a maximum output, especially if the operation of one or more machines must be interrupted at frequent intervals, such as for manually splicing the trailing end of an expiring web to the leading end of a fresh web.
  • the adjustment of the time delay devices is such that the intervals between the activation and/or deactivation of successive aggregates of the second type are reduced to a minimum, the machine or machines are likely to turn out very large numbers of defective articles which might not be detected at all, for example, if defective cigarettes are fed directly into a packing machine.
  • certain aggregates of the second type are controlled by time delay devices whose delaying action is determined by tests and which deactivate various aggregates in a given sequence in response to generation of a top signal.
  • the delays which are furnished by such time delay devices are selected without consideration of the condition of previously activated or deactivated aggregates of the second type.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved system for programming the starting and stoppage of apparatus for the production and/or processing of cigarettes or analogous rod-shaped articles which can be used as parts of or as finished smokers products.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a programming system which can be incorporated into or combined with existing machines or groups of machines for the making and/or processing of rod-shaped articles which constitute or form part of smokers products.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a programming system which is constructed and assembled in such a way that it can control all phases of operation during starting and/or stoppage of one or more machines for the making or processing of plain or filtertipped cigarettes or analogous rod-shaped articles, and which is constructed and assembled to insure maximum output of and to reduce the number of rejects in such machine or machines.
  • An additional object of the invention is to provide a programming system which occupies little room, which is relatively simple, and which renders it possible to reumble the number of attendants, particularly in tobacco processing or like plants wherein smokerss products are being produced and processed in a large number of production lines each of which can be composed of two or more directly or indirectly coupled machines.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide a programming system which can be used with particular advantage for the production and/or processing of plain or filter-tipped cigarettes, cigars or cigarillos.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a programming system which can control all phases of operation ofone or more automatic machines, including the operation under normal or optimum conditions, intentional starting or stoppage, as well as automatic stoppage in response to automatic detection of one or more defects in the operation of one or more aggregates and- /or in the progress of partly or completely finished articles in their respective paths.
  • a feature of the invention resides in the provision of an apparatus for the production and/or processing of cigarettes or analogous rod-shaped articles which comprises a plurality of article producing and/or processing aggregates of a first type arranged to operate in synchronism with each other (such aggregates can be driven by the rotary output element of a main prime mover for the machine or machines of the apparatus), a plurality of aggregates of a second type which are to be activated and/or deactivated in a predetermined sequence during starting and/or stoppage of the apparatus (either in response to generation of an intentionally produced start or stop signal or in response to an automatically produced stop signal on detection of one or more defects or malfunctions in the apparatus), a plurality of electric switches or other suitable signal gener ators each of which is operatively connected with at least one aggregate of the second type (for example, by means of electrical and/or electronic signal receiving and transmitting units which may include starting, condition monitoring and stopping units) and each of which is actuatable (e.g., by means of a projection, cam, lob
  • the apparatus may comprise prime mover means for driving at least one aggregate of the first type and a clutch or analogous motion transmitting means for moving the movable portion of the programming means in synchronism with the one aggregate of the first type.
  • the prime mover means may comprise a rotary output member and the programming means may be designed to actuate the signal generators in a predetermined sequence in predetermined angular positions of the output member. This insures that the length of ntervals between activation and/or deactivation of suc- :essive aggregates of the second type is always a func- .ion of the speed of the output member.
  • the movable por- .ion of the programming means is movable between a )lurality of positions and the apparatus comprises first )r main prime mover means for driving at least one aggregate of the first type and discrete second prime nover means whose speed is preferably variable and which serves to drive the movable portion of the programming means asynchronously with the one aggregate of the first type.
  • the second prime mover means may be designed to move the movable portion of the programming means at a predetermined speed and the movable portion of the programming means may comprise projections or analogous elements for actuating the signal generators in a predetermined sequence and at predetermined intervals independently of the operating speed of the first or main prime mover means.
  • the movable portion of the programming means may comprise a mobile carrier for a plurality of discrete actuating elements which may but need not be adjustably mounted thereon and each of which is associated with at least one signal generator.
  • the carrier is preferably movable from a predetermined starting position (in response to generation of a start or stop signal) to thereby effect the actuation of signal generators in a predeter mined sequence through the intermediary of the respective actuating elements.
  • the carrier may be a rotary drum whose periphery carries projections or analogous actuating elements for signal generators, or the disk of a pulse generator which is driven by or in synchronism or asynchronism with the output element of the main prime mover.
  • the programming means may further comprise means for furnishing a succession of impulses at timely spaced intervals to thereby actuate the signal generators in a predetermined sequence.
  • Such impulse furnishing means may include a counter which receives pulses from a pulse generator, such as the pulse generator which embodies the aforediscussed disk.
  • FIG. la is a diagrammatic side elevational view of a machine for the making of plain cigarettes which constitutes one component of an apparatus embodying one form of the invention
  • FIG. lb is a similar diagrammatic side elevational view of a machine for the making of filter cigarettes which constitutes another component of the improved apparatus;
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic side elevational view of the prime mover for the machines of FIGS. la and lb, and further showing one form of programming means for the aggregates of the second type which are incorpo rated in such machines;
  • FIG. 3 is a developed view of the carrier of the programming means shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4a is a circuit diagram of certain operative connections between various aggregates of the second type and the respective signal generators
  • FIG. 4b is a similar circuit diagram of the remaining operative connections between such aggregates and the associated signal generators;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic side elevational view of modified programming means which can be used to regulate the activation and/or deactivation of aggregates of the second type in the apparatus including the machines of FIGS. la and lb;
  • FIG. 6a is a diagrammatic side elevational view of a machine which is similar to the machine of FIG. 1a but wherein the aggregates of the second type are controlled by modified programming means;
  • FIG. 6b is a diagrammatic side elevational view of a machine which is similar to the machine of FIG. lb but wherein the aggregates of the second type are activated and/or deactivated by the programming means for the machine of FIG. 6a;
  • FIG. 7a is a circuit diagram of certain operative connections between various aggregates of the second type and the respective signal generators in the apparatus which embodies the machines of FIGS. 6a and 6b;
  • FIG. 7b is a similar circuit diagram of the remaining operative connections between the aggregates of the second type and the respective signal generators in the apparatus embodying the machines of FIGS. and 6b.
  • FIGS. la and lb there is shown an apparatus which constitutes a production line composed to two directly coupled machines which are disposed at right angles to each other.
  • the machine of FIG. la is a cigarette rod making machine
  • the machine of FIG. lb is a filter cigarette making machine.
  • the machine of FIG. 1a is of the type known as GAR- ANT produced by the West German Firm of I-Iauni- Maschinene, Korber & Co., KG, of Hamburg-Bergedorf.
  • This machine comprises a distributor l which constitutes an aggregate or subassembly of the first type and serves to shower tobacco shreds into a tobacco channel 2 wherein the resulting tobacco stream travels lengthwise in a direction to the right, as viewed in FIG. 1a.
  • the tobacco stream in the channel 2 is entrained and accelerated by the endless conveyor belt 3 which also constitutes an aggregate of the first type.
  • the belt 3 de livers successive increments of the tobacco stream into the circumferential groove of a further conveyor 7 here shown as a suction wheel which rotates in a counterclockwise direction, as viewed in FIG. la.
  • the tobacco stream in the groove of the suction wheel 7 can be compacted before it advances past an equalizing device or trimmer 8 which also constitutes an aggregate of the first type and serves to remove the surplus of tobacco shreds and to thus convert the tobacco stream into a rod-like filler.
  • the resulting rod-like filler is thereupon compacted during travel along the underside of a foraminous conveyor band 13 which is associated with a suitable suction chamber.
  • the compacted rod-like filler enters a wrapping mechanism 14 wherein it is wrapped into a continuous web 17 of cigarette paper in a manner known per se.
  • the web 17 is drawn from a roll 16 by means of a conveyor belt 15 which constitutes an aggregate of the first type and causes successive increments of the web 17 to pass through an imprinting unit 17A which also constitutes an aggregate of the first type.
  • an imprinting unit 17A Prior to entering the imprinting unit 17A, successive increments of the web 17 pass through a conventional splicing device 178 which also receives the leading end ofa fresh web 17a which is stored in the form ofa roll 16a so that the trailing end of the expiring web 17 can be automatically or semiautomatically spliced to the leading end of the fresh web 17a.
  • the wrapped rodlike filler constitutes a tobacco rod Zs which is transported lengthwise through and beyond the wrapping mechanism 14 on its way toward a cutoff 21 which constitutes an aggregate of the first type.
  • the draping of the web 17 around the rod-like filler takes place in several stages one of which includes converting the web 17 into a U-shaped body which partially surrounds the compacted filler and another of which includes folding one marginal portion of the U-shaped body over the adjacent portion of the filler whereby the other marginal portion extends tangentially from the filler and in an upward direction, as viewed in FIG. 1a.
  • the machine of FIG. 1a further comprises a paster 4 which is controlled by an electromagnet 404 shown in FIG.
  • a seam heating device 6 is located downstream of the paster 4 and can be moved from a raised or inoperative position to an operative position to heat the seam which is formed by the overlapping marginal portions of the tubular wrapper and to thus promote the setting of adhesive that was applied by the paster 4.
  • the means for moving the seam heating device 6 from its raised to its operative position includes an electromagnet 406 which is shown in FIG. 4a.
  • the paster 4 and the seam heating device 6 constitute aggregates or subassemblies of the second type.
  • the seam which is being heated by the device 6 is scanned by a photoelectric detector 407 which forms part of a signal receiving and signal transmitting starting unit 807 shown in FIG. 4a.
  • the construction of the photoelectric detector 407 is such that it furnishes a signal as long as the seam on the wrapper of the tobacco rod Zs is defective.
  • the cigarette rod making machine of FIG. 10 further comprises a cigarette rod mutilating device 9 which is located downstream of the photoelectric detector 407 and is movable between a deflecting position 9.1 and a second or idle position 9.2.
  • a deflecting position 9.1 When the mutilating device 9 assumes its deflecting position 9.1, it directs the wrapped rod-like filler Zs or its components into a receptacle 18.
  • the mutilating device 9 moves from the deflecting position 9.1 to the position 9.2, it breaks off the rod Zs to thus insure that a straight leader of the rod advances toward two tubular elements 19 which form part of the cutoff 21.
  • the arrangement is such that the mutilating device 9 assumes the deflecting position 9.1 as long as the seam on the rod Zs is defective.
  • the means for moving the mutilating device 9 between its two positions includes an electromagnet 409 which is shown in FIG. 40.
  • the tubular elements 19 (hereinafter called tubes for short) of the cutoff 21 serve to guide successive increments of the rod Zs during severing by an orbiting knife so that the rod 25 yields a succession of discrete plain cigarettes Z of unit length or multiple unit length. It is assumed that the cutoff 21 is designed to sever the rod Zs at such intervals that the rod yields a succession of plain cigarettes Z of unit length.
  • a cleaning device for the tubes 19 includes a blowing nozzle 403a which is mounted in a conduit that is connected to a source of compressed air or another suitable gaseous fluid.
  • the purpose of the nozzle 4030 is to admit one or more blasts of compressed air prior to entry of the rod Z; into the tubes 19 so as to make sure that the tubes are free of foreign matter, such as remnants of the rod Zs.
  • the means for controlling the ad mission ofcompressed gas into the blowing nozzle 403a includes an electromagnetic valve 403 which is shown in FIG. 4a.
  • a further photoelectric detector 410 which forms part of a signal receiving and signal transmitting starting unit 810 (shown in FIG. 4a) is located downstream of the left-hand tube 19 and serves to monitor the cigarettes Z in their path immediately downstream of the cutoff 21.
  • the detector 410 produces a signal when it fails to detect cigarettes Z.
  • the absence of cigarettes Z in the path which is monitored by the photoelectric detector 410 may be due to a jam-up in the tubes 19 of the cutoff 21 or to the fact that the mutilating device 9 deflects the tobacco rod 23 into the receptacle 18. Still further, the detector 410 will produce a signal when the leader of the rod 23 fails to enter the righthand tube 19 of the cuttoff 21.
  • the first batch of cigarettes Z which are produced immediately after starting of the machine of FIG. 1a is expelled or removed by a segregating device 11 which constitutes an aggregate of the second type.
  • the segregating device 11 comprises a blowing nozzle 4110 which is connected with a source of compressed gas. preferably air, and which can receive compressed gas in response to opening of an electromagnetic valve 411 shown in FIG. 4a.
  • a further photoelectric detector 413 is located downstream of the segregating device 11 and serves to monitor the path of cigarettes Z which are about to enter successive flutes of a transfer conveyor or drum 26.
  • the drum 26 constitutes an aggregate of the first type and it serves to convert a single file of cigarettes Z which are propelled by a conventional accelerating device or kicker 26A into one or two rows of cigarettes which move sideways and are transferred into the filter cigarette making machine of FIG. 1b.
  • the purpose of the accelerating device 26A is to increase the distance between successive cigarettes Z which are about to enter the flutes of the transfer conveyor 26 to thus insure that each cigarette enters a separate flute.
  • the photoelectric detector 413 produces a signal when it fails to detect cigarettes Z downstream of the accelerating device 26A.
  • This photoelectric detector forms part of a condition monitoring unit 813 shown in the left-hand portion of FIG. 4a.
  • the monitoring action of the photoelectric detector 413 continues when the cig arette rod making machine of FIG. 1a operates at normal speed. This detector 413 then takes over the function of the aforementioned detectors 407 and 410.
  • the detectors 407 and 410 are active only during starting of the machine of FIG. 1a.
  • FIG. lb the filter cigarette making machine therein shown is of the type known as MAX produced by the West German Firm of Hauni-Werke. Korber & o. KG, of Hamburg-Bergedorf. It is to he noted that the machine of FIG. lb is mounted at right angles to the machine of FIG. la. This can be readily understood by comparing the positions of the transfer conveyor 26 in the left-hand portion FIG. la and in the right-hand portion of FIG. lb.
  • the machine of FIG. lb comprises a magazine or hopper 35 for a supply of filter rod sections F of 6 times unit length.
  • a duct 33 communicates with the lower portion of the magazine 35 and serves to supply a continuous row of filter rod sections F into successive flutes of a so-called cutting conveyor or drum 36.
  • the conveyor 36 cooperates with two rotary coaxial diskshaped knives 34 which subdivide each filter rod section F into three shorter filter rod sections or stubs of double unit length.
  • the knives 34 constitute an aggregate of the first type.
  • the feed of filter rod sections F from the magazine 35 to the flutes of the cutting conveyor 36 is monitored by a photoelectric detector 421 which produces a signal in response to detection of the absense of filter rod sections F.
  • the photoelectric detector 421 forms part of a condition monitoring unit 821 which is shown in the left-hand portion of FIG. 4b.
  • the filter stubs which are formed in the flutes of the cutting conveyor 36 are thereupon transferred onto a staggering conveyor 37 which comprises three eccentrically mounted disks serving to shift the originally aligned filter stubs in the circumferential direction of the conveyor 37.
  • the thus staggered stubs are transferred into successive flutes of a shuffling conveyor 38 which cooperates with suitable cams 38a to form a single row of filter stubs which are thereupon transferred into successive flutes of a further drum-shaped conveyor 39.
  • the drive means for rotating the conveyor 39 includes an electromagnetic clutch 414 which constitutes an aggregate ofthe second type.
  • the shaft of the conveyor 39 drives the aforementioned conveyors 36, 37, and 38 by means of a suitable gear train, not shown.
  • the transfer conveyor 26 of the cigarette rod making machine of FIG. la delivers two rows of plain cigarettes Z into a pair of aligning conveyors 27 which are shown in the righthand portion of FIG. lb and form part of the filter cigarette making machine.
  • the conveyors 27 constitute aggregates of the first type and serve to place successive pairs of plain cigarettes Z into axial alignment with each other as well as to deliver the thus aligned pairs of cigarettes Z into successive flutes of an assembly conveyor 28 which also constitutes an aggregate of the first type.
  • the arrangement is such that the pairs of axially aligned cigarettes Z in successive flutes of the assembly conveyor 28 are spaced apart a distance which is sufficient to enable a filter stub of dou ble unit length to enter the space between the aligned cigarettes Z.
  • the stubs are furnished into successive flutes of the assembly conveyor 28 by an accelerating conveyor 40 which receives stubs from the aforementioned conveyor 39.
  • an accelerating conveyor 40 which receives stubs from the aforementioned conveyor 39.
  • a flute of the assembly conveyor 28 moves beyond the transfer station between the conveyors 28 and 40, it contains an assembly or group of three coaxial rod-like components including two plain cigarettes Z of unit length and a filter stub of double unit length between such plain cigarettes.
  • the assembly conveyor 28 delivers such groups of rodshaped articles into successive flutes of a drum-shaped transfer conveyor 29.
  • the machine of FIG. lb further comprises a suction conveyor drum 46 which cooperates with the transfer conveyor 29 and serves to apply to each group of three coaxial rod-shaped articles an adhesive-coated uniting band which is thereupon convoluted around the re spective filter stub and the adjacent inner end portions of the respective plain cigarettes of unit length to convert such groups into filter cigarettes of double unit length.
  • the suction conveyor 46 cooperates with a severing device here shown as a rotary knife 44 which cuts across the leader of a paper web or tape 410. Such tape is being drawn from a roll 41 and is being transported by a pair of advancing rolls 47.
  • successive increments of the tape 41a are coated at one side with a film of adhesive which is contained in the tank of a paster 42.
  • the paster 42 comprises a driven roller-shaped applicator 43 which can apply adhesive to the underside of the adjacent portion of the tape 41a.
  • the advancing rolls 47 receive motion from a drive which includes an electromagnetic clutch 416 consti tuting an aggregate of the second type.
  • a drive which includes an electromagnetic clutch 416 consti tuting an aggregate of the second type.
  • An electromagnet 417 has an L-shaped armature or bracket 417a which can lower the adjacent portion of the tape 41a against the periphery of the applicator 43 to thus initiate the transfer of adhesive to the underside of the tape.
  • the electromagnet 417 constitutes an aggregate of the second type.
  • the adhesive-coated uniting bands which are obtained in response to severing of the tape 41a by the knife 44 are attached to successive groups of rodshaped articles in the flutes of the transfer conveyor 29.
  • Such groups are thereupon transferred onto the periphery of a drum-shaped wrapping or rolling conveyor 48 whereon the groups are repeatedly rotated about their own axes so as to convert the respective uniting bands into tubes which surround the corresponding filter stubs and the adjacent inner end portions of the respective plain cigarettes Z. This completes the conversion of the groups which are assembled on the conveyor 28 into filter cigarettes of double unit length.
  • the rolling conveyor 48 delivers filter cigarettes of double unit length into the flutes of a testing conveyor 49 which constitutes an aggregate of the first type.
  • the testing conveyor 49 transports successive filter cigarettes of double unit length past a testing unit 4290 which is designed to detect eventual leaks or holes in the wrappers of such cigarettes.
  • the testing unit 4290 can be connected to a source of compressed gaseous fluid and admits into the adjacent ends of successive filter cigarettes of double unit length streams of a compressed gas whose pressure is tested at the other ends of such cigarettes.
  • the differential in pressure at both ends of the cigarettes is indicative of the quality or condition of the respective cigarettes.
  • a transducer 429 monitors the pressure of the gas streams which issue at the other ends of successive filter cigarettes of double unit length on the testing conveyor 49 and produces proportional electric impulses which are used to segregate defective cigarettes from satisfactory cigarettes.
  • the transducer 429 may be a diaphragm type transducer such as disclosed in British patent No. l,O83,l l l.
  • FIG. lb further shows an electromagnetic valve 431 which forms part of an ejecting device 31.
  • the valve 431 is energized to admit one or more streams of compressed air or another suitable gas to the nozzle or nozzles of the ejecting device 31 whereby the stream or streams of compressed gas eject those filter cigarettes of double unit length which were found to be defective during travel with the conveyor 49.
  • the satisfactory filter cigarettes of double unit length are transferred onto a severing conveyor or drum 50 which constitutes an aggregate of the first type and cooperates with a rotary disk-shaped knife 50a to subdivide each filter cigarette of double unit length into two filter cigarettes of unit length.
  • the thus obtained pairs of filter cigarettes of unit length are transferred onto an inverting conveyor 51 which inverts one cigarette of each pair end-for-end so that the filter stubs or plugs of all filter cigarettes of unit length face in the same direction.
  • the inverted filter cigarettes of unit length are preferably placed into the spaces between successive non-inverted cigarettes of unit length so that such cigarettes form a single row wherein the cigarettes move sideways and are introduced into successive flutes of an intermediate conveyor 52 serving to deliver such cigarettes to a transfer conveyor 53.
  • a further conveyor 54 receives filter cigarettes of unit length from the conveyor 53 and delivers them onto the upper stretch of a belt conveyor 56 so that the latter can transport such cigarettes to a packing machine or into a tray filling device of conventional design.
  • FIG. 2 there is shown the main prime mover 63A of the production line including the machines of FIGS. la and lb.
  • This main prime mover 63A drives all aggregates of the first type and has a rotary output shaft 63 which transmits motion to aggregates of the first type by means of gears, levers, cams and/or other motion transmitting devices, not shown in the drawing.
  • the output shaft 63 of the main prime mover 63A (which is preferably a pole-reversible electric motor which can be operated at a lower speed and at a higher or normal speed) can also rotate a mobile drum-shaped carrier 61 which constitutes a component of the programming means for the aggregates of the second type in the machines of FIGS. 1a and lb.
  • the means for transmitting motion from the output shaft 63 of the electric motor 63A to the carrier 61 includes an electromagnetic clutch 460 which can be energized to thereby rotate the carrier 61.
  • the periphery of the carrier 61 (hereinafter called programming drum) is provided with a plurality of projections or cams Nl-Nl6 the distribution of which is best shown in FIG. 3. These projections serve as actuating elements or trips for a row of signal generators or operating means S1-Sl6 which are mounted in a stationary frame 62 for the programming drum 6] and can be actuated by the projections N1-N16 in a predetermined sequence in response to energization of the electromagnetic clutch 460.
  • the projections Nl-N16 are preferably adjustable circumferentially of the programming drum ()1 to thus enable an attendant to change the length ofintervals between the actuation of successive signal generators Sl-S16 when the programming drum 6] is set in motion in response to energization of the clutch 460.
  • a conventional resetting mechanism 64 is provided to automatically return the programming drum 61 to its starting position shown in FIG. 2 in response to deenergization of the electromagnetic clutch 460.
  • the programming drum 61 is at a standstill, it invariably assumes the starting position which is shown in the drawing.
  • FIG. 3 shows the periphery of the programming drum 61 of the programming means for the aggregates of the second type in a developed view. It will be noted that the length of certain projections on the periphery of this drum is different from the length of other projec tions. Thus, the projection N15 is much longer (as considered in the circumferential direction of the programming drum 61) than the other projections. This projection serves to determine the number of filter cigarettes which are ejected from the machine of FIG. 1b immediately after the machine is started.
  • FIGS. 40 and 4b illustrate the circuitry which effects the activation and deactivation of various aggregates of the second type in the machines of FIGS. 10 and 1b in response to generation of a starting or stopping signal for the main prime mover 63A. More specifically, the sequence in which the aggregates of the second type are activated and/or deactivated is determined by the drum 61 of the programming means in response to energization of the motion transmitting electromagnetic clutch 460.
  • the signal generators S1Sl6 are shown in the form of normally open electric switches which can be closed in response to engagement with the respective projections N1-N16 on the periphery of the programming drum 61.
  • the circuitry of FIGS. 4a and 4b comprises several sub-assemblies which include four start controllers 303, 309, 311 and 318. These start controllers control the activation of the corresponding aggregates of the second type. Furthermore, the circuitry includes three stop controllers 308, 321 and 322 which serve to deactivate the associated aggregates of the second type. Still further, the circuitry of FIGS. 4a and 4b includes nine start-stop controllers 304, 306, 307, 310, 312, 313, 314, 316 and 317 each of which can effect an activation as well as a deactivation of the associated aggregate of the second type.
  • circuitry in cludes control means 360 for the electromagnetic clutch 460 which can start the drum 6] of the programming means, and control means 331 for the segregating device 31 in the filter cigarette making machine of FIG. lb.
  • the circuitry of FIGS. 4a and 4b further comprises logical connections between various controllers. Such logical connections include conventional logic circuits such as AND-gates, OR-gates, NO-gates and signal storing circuits (hereinafter called storages for short).
  • the start controller 303 comprises a starting unit 803 which constitutes a signal responsive signal transmitting means between the signal generator or electric switch S1 and the electromagnetic valve 403 which controls the admission of compressed gas into the blowing nozzle 4030 of the cleaning device for the tubes 19 in the cutoff2l of the machine shown in FIG. 1.
  • the starting unit 803 comprises two AND-gates 703a, 703b a storage 603 and an amplifier 503.
  • the amplifier 503 is connected with the electromagnetic valve 403 which controls the aforementioned blowing nozzle 403a.
  • the latter constitutes an aggregate of the second type.
  • the electric switches S1 and 82 are respectively connected with the corresponding inputs of the AND-gates 703a, 703b, and the outputs of these gates are respectively connected with the inputs a and b of the storage 603.
  • the output d of the storage 603 is connected with the input of the amplifier 503 whose output is connected with the solenoid of the electromagnetic valve 403.
  • the start controller 309 includes a signal receiving and signal transmitting starting unit 809 shown in the middle of FIG. 4a and including an AND-gate 709, a storage 609 and an amplifier 509.
  • the amplifier 509 is connected with the electromagnet 409 which controls the movements of the rod mutilating device 9 in the cigarette rod making machine of FIG. 1a.
  • the mutilating device 9 constitutes an aggregate of the second type.
  • the electric switch S6 is connected with one input of the AND-gate 709 and the output of this gate is connected with the input b of the storage 609.
  • the output c of the storage 609 is connected with the input of the amplifier 509, and the output of this amplifier is connected with the electromagnet 409.
  • the start controller 311 includes a signal receiving and signal transmitting starting unit 811 which comprises two AND-gates 711a, 711b, a storage 611 and an amplifier 511.
  • the amplifier 511 is connected with the electromagnet 411 which controls the admission of compressed gas into the blowing nozzle 411a of the segregating device 11 shown in FIG. 1a.
  • the electric switches S8 and S7 are respectively connected with one input each of the AND-gates 711a and 7l1b.
  • the outputs of the AND-gates 711a and 711b are respectively connected with the inputs a and b of the storage 611.
  • the output d of the storage 611 is connected with the input of the amplifier 511, and the output of this amplifier is connected with the electromagnetic valve 411.
  • the start controller 318 comprises a signal receiving and signal transmitting starting unit 818 shown in the lefthand portion of FIG. 4b.
  • the starting unit 818 comprises a manually operable electric switch 418 which must be closed by the operator in order to start the main prime mover 63A at the lower of two speeds.
  • the main prime mover 63A then rotates its output shaft 63 which drives the aggregates of the first type.
  • the starting unit 818 further comprises an OR-gate 718 and a storage 618.
  • the start controller 318 includes a control unit 860 shown in the middle of FIG. 4b which serves to control the electromagnetic clutch 460. As mentioned before, the clutch 460 must be energized in order to start rotation of the drum 61 of the programming means for the aggregates of the second type.
  • the control unit 860 includes two OR-gates 760a, 760b, a storage 660 and an amplifier 560 which is connected with the electromagnetic clutch 460.
  • the manually operated switch 418 is connected with the input b of the storage 618, with one input of the OR-gate 760a, with the main prime mover 63A (see the arrow 900), and with the input a ofa storage 622 which forms part of a stopping unit 822 in the stop controller 322. Still further, the switch 418 is connected with the input a of the storage 609 in the signal responsive and signal transmitting starting unit 809 of FIG. 4a.
  • the output of the OR-gate 7600 is connected with the input a of the storage 660, and the output 6 of the storage 660 is connected with the input of the amplifier 560 whose output controls the energization or deenergization of the electromagnetic clutch 460 for the drum 61 of the programming means.
  • the electric switch S16 is connected with one input of the OR-gate 760b, and the output of this gate is connected with the input b of the storage 660.
  • the electric switch S16 is further connected with one input of an OR-gate 720 and the output of this OR-gate is connected with one input of the OR-gate 718.
  • the output of the OR-gate 718 is connected with the input a of the storage 618.
  • the start-stop controller 304 of FIG. 4a includes a starting unit 804 which comprises an ANDgate 704, a storage 604 and an amplifier 504.
  • the amplifier 504 is connected with the electromagnet 404 which can move the paster 4 of FIG. 1a.
  • the electric switch S3 is connected with one input of the AND-gate 704, and the output of this gate is connected with the input a of the storage 604.
  • the output c of the storage 604 is connected with the amplifier 504 which, in turn, is connected with the electromagnet 404.
  • the start-stop controller 306 comprises a starting unit 806 which includes an AND-gate 706, a storage 606 and an amplifier 506.
  • the amplifier S06 is connected with the electromagnet 406 which, as mentioned before, serves to shift the seam heating device 6 of FIG. 1a.
  • the electric switch S4 is connected with one input of the AND-gate 706, and the output of this gate is connected with the input a of the storage 606.
  • the output c of the storage 606 is connected with the input of the amplifier 506, and the output of this amplifier is connected with the electromagnet 406.
  • the start-stop controller 312 includes a starting unit 812 which comprises an AND-gate 712, a storage 612 and an amplifier 512 which is connected with a relay 412.
  • the relay 412 must be energized in order to change the speed of the main prime mover 63A from a lower speed to a higher or normal operating speed.
  • the relay 412 constitutes an aggregate of the second type.
  • the electric switch S8 is connected with one input of the AND-gate 712, and the output of this gate is connected with the input b of the storage 612.
  • the output (1 of the storage 612 is connected with the input of the amplifier 512, and the output of this amplifier is connected with the relay 412.
  • the start-stop controller 314 comprises a starting unit 814 which includes two AND-gates 714a 714b, a storage 614, and an amplifier 514 which is connected with the electromagnetic clutch 414 of FIG. 112.
  • the clutch 414 serves to control the feed of filter stubs to the assembly conveyor 28 of FIG. 1b.
  • the electric switches S13 and S10 are respectively connected with one input each of the AND-gates 714a and 714b.
  • the outputs of these gates are respectively connected with the inputs 0 and b of the storage 614.
  • the output c of the storage 614 is connected with the input of the amplifier 514, and the output of this amplifier is connected with the electromagnetic clutch 414.
  • the start-stop controller 316 comprises a starting unit 816 which includes two AND-gates 716a and 716b, a storage 616 and an amplifier 516 which is connected with the electromagnetic clutch 416 of the driver for the advancing rolls 47 shown in FIG. lb.
  • the electromagnetic clutch 416 must be energized in order to start the advancing rolls 47 so that such rolls can transport the tape 41a toward the paster 42 and suction conveyor 46 of FIG. 1b.
  • the electric switches S13 and S12 are respectively connected with one input each of the ANDgates 716a and 716b.
  • the outputs of the AND-gates 716a and 716b are respectively connected

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Cigar And Cigarette Tobacco (AREA)
  • Wrapping Of Specific Fragile Articles (AREA)
US248674A 1971-04-29 1972-04-28 System for programming the starting and stoppage of apparatus for the production and/or processing of cigarettes or the like Expired - Lifetime US3889240A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19712121044 DE2121044A1 (de) 1971-04-29 1971-04-29 Anlauf- und Auslaufsteuerung einer Maschine zum Herstellen oder Weiterverarbeiten stabförmiger Artikel der tabakverarbeitenden Industrie
DE19712161611 DE2161611A1 (de) 1971-12-11 1971-12-11 Anlauf- und auslaufsteuerung einer maschine zum herstellen oder weiterverarbeiten stabfoermiger artikel der tabakverarbeitenden industrie

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US3889240A true US3889240A (en) 1975-06-10

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US248674A Expired - Lifetime US3889240A (en) 1971-04-29 1972-04-28 System for programming the starting and stoppage of apparatus for the production and/or processing of cigarettes or the like

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US (1) US3889240A (xx)
JP (1) JPS558145B1 (xx)
CA (1) CA974319A (xx)
FR (1) FR2136088A5 (xx)
GB (1) GB1391709A (xx)
IT (1) IT960807B (xx)
SE (1) SE370611B (xx)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4014352A (en) * 1974-09-09 1977-03-29 Rothmans Of Pall Mall Canada Limited Apparatus for automatically controlling the initiation and/or termination of functions of apparatus or processes using a clock pulse generator
US4719927A (en) * 1985-03-08 1988-01-19 Korber Ag Method and apparatus for segregating rod-shaped articles from conveyors in filter tipping and like machines
EP1041006A2 (de) 1999-03-29 2000-10-04 Focke & Co. (GmbH & Co.) Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Steuerung einer (Zigaretten-) Fertigungs- und Verpackungsanlage
EP1457121A2 (en) * 2003-03-10 2004-09-15 G.D Societ Per Azioni Method of controlling and automatically restarting an automatic machine for processing tobacco articles
US20090069923A1 (en) * 2005-04-19 2009-03-12 Fiorenzo Draghetti Method of managing a machine for manufacturing tobacco products
CN102905567A (zh) * 2010-04-29 2013-01-30 国际烟草机械波兰有限责任公司 清洁设备的对接站、储存和引入清洁设备的方法以及连同对接站一起使用的清洁设备
CN114027549A (zh) * 2021-11-30 2022-02-11 浙江中烟工业有限责任公司 一种解决卷烟机启动搓板堵塞的方法

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DE3402022A1 (de) * 1983-06-29 1985-01-10 Hauni-Werke Körber & Co KG, 2050 Hamburg Vorrichtung zum zufuehren von klebstreifen auf maschinen der tabakverarbeitenden industrie
CN114343233B (zh) * 2022-01-21 2024-05-03 江苏中烟工业有限责任公司 一种卷烟接装机搓接装置的启动控制系统及控制方法

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US2745410A (en) * 1953-11-02 1956-05-15 Molins Machine Co Ltd Delivery of cigarettes to a cigarettepacking machine
US2896636A (en) * 1957-01-25 1959-07-28 Molins Machine Co Ltd Detector device suitable for use with cigarette-making machines
US3067754A (en) * 1958-07-14 1962-12-11 American Mach & Foundry Cigarette making machine for mouthpiece cigarettes
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US3109074A (en) * 1960-05-02 1963-10-29 Chamberlain & Hookham Ltd Cyclically operated switch control apparatus
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4014352A (en) * 1974-09-09 1977-03-29 Rothmans Of Pall Mall Canada Limited Apparatus for automatically controlling the initiation and/or termination of functions of apparatus or processes using a clock pulse generator
US4719927A (en) * 1985-03-08 1988-01-19 Korber Ag Method and apparatus for segregating rod-shaped articles from conveyors in filter tipping and like machines
EP1041006A2 (de) 1999-03-29 2000-10-04 Focke & Co. (GmbH & Co.) Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Steuerung einer (Zigaretten-) Fertigungs- und Verpackungsanlage
US6516811B1 (en) 1999-03-29 2003-02-11 Focke & Co. (Gmbh & Co.) Process for controlling a production and packaging system
EP1457121A2 (en) * 2003-03-10 2004-09-15 G.D Societ Per Azioni Method of controlling and automatically restarting an automatic machine for processing tobacco articles
US20040236436A1 (en) * 2003-03-10 2004-11-25 Fiorenzo Draghetti Method of controlling and automatically restarting an automatic machine for processing tobacco articles
EP1457121A3 (en) * 2003-03-10 2005-04-27 G.D Societ Per Azioni Method of controlling and automatically restarting an automatic machine for processing tobacco articles
US20090069923A1 (en) * 2005-04-19 2009-03-12 Fiorenzo Draghetti Method of managing a machine for manufacturing tobacco products
CN102905567A (zh) * 2010-04-29 2013-01-30 国际烟草机械波兰有限责任公司 清洁设备的对接站、储存和引入清洁设备的方法以及连同对接站一起使用的清洁设备
US20130037387A1 (en) * 2010-04-29 2013-02-14 International Tobacco Machinery Poland Sp. Z O.O. Docking station of a cleaning device, method of storing and leading-in the cleaning device as well as the cleaning device to be used together with the docking station
JP2013531473A (ja) * 2010-04-29 2013-08-08 インターナショナル トバコ マシーネリー ポーランド エスピー．ゼット オー．オー． 洗浄装置のドッキングステーション、洗浄装置の格納及び引き入れ方法、並びにドッキングステーションとともに使用する洗浄装置
US9061835B2 (en) * 2010-04-29 2015-06-23 International Tobacco Machinery Poland Sp. Z.O.O. Docking station of a cleaning device, method of storing and leading-in the cleaning device as well as the cleaning device to be used together with the docking station
CN114027549A (zh) * 2021-11-30 2022-02-11 浙江中烟工业有限责任公司 一种解决卷烟机启动搓板堵塞的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1391709A (en) 1975-04-23
JPS558145B1 (xx) 1980-03-01
FR2136088A5 (xx) 1972-12-22
CA974319A (en) 1975-09-09
IT960807B (it) 1973-11-30
SE370611B (xx) 1974-10-28

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