US3882930A - Cooling system for brakes - Google Patents

Cooling system for brakes Download PDF

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Publication number
US3882930A
US3882930A US411776A US41177673A US3882930A US 3882930 A US3882930 A US 3882930A US 411776 A US411776 A US 411776A US 41177673 A US41177673 A US 41177673A US 3882930 A US3882930 A US 3882930A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
circuit
fluid
cooling
fluid flow
pumping
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US411776A
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English (en)
Inventor
Lawrence F Schexnayder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Caterpillar Inc
Original Assignee
Caterpillar Tractor Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Caterpillar Tractor Co filed Critical Caterpillar Tractor Co
Priority to US411776A priority Critical patent/US3882930A/en
Priority to CA207,838A priority patent/CA1001967A/en
Priority to FR7434364A priority patent/FR2250185B1/fr
Priority to JP49119499A priority patent/JPS5074244A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3882930A publication Critical patent/US3882930A/en
Assigned to CATERPILLAR INC., A CORP. OF DE. reassignment CATERPILLAR INC., A CORP. OF DE. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO., A CORP. OF CALIF.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/78—Features relating to cooling

Definitions

  • the cooling circuit includes seri- [52] US. Cl. 165/40; 165/107; 303/1; ally connected brakes and cooling means.
  • the cooling circuit includes seri- [52] US. Cl. 165/40; 165/107; 303/1; ally connected brakes and cooling means.
  • 417/79; 417/186; 417/187; 417/182 brake-cooling flow requirements are low, fluid is cir- [51] Int. Cl. F28d 15/00 culated primarily in the pumping circuit.
  • Increase [58] Field of Search 165/107, 40; 417/79, 186, brake-cooling flow requirements actuate the valve, in-
  • the fluid flow circuit also includes 1,798,702 3/1931 Proebel 165/107 flow-maintaining means for preventing complete unloading of the output of the pump and maintaining Primary Examiner-Albert Davis, a minimum volume of fluid flow within the cooling A r y, g FirmPhilliP$, Moore, circuit to prevent fluid stagnation therein.
  • This invention relates to an improved cooling system for diffusing heat generated by a heat source.
  • this invention relates to an improved system for dissipating heat of friction generated within the braking systems of vehicles such as earthmoving vehicles.
  • such cooling systems particularly those for disc brakes, comprise a fluid flow circuit serially interconnecting the brake housing and a cooling means for cooling fluid heated within the brake housing. Fluid such as oil is pumped through this circuit by pumping means actuated by a prime mover, accumulating heat within the brake housing and dissipating this heat by the cooling means.
  • This brake cooling circuit normally requires a high volume flow of fluid at relatively low pressures, since the volume of fluid circulated within the brake housing and cooling means is directly related to the cooling capacity of the system.
  • the invention broadly provides a cooling system for cooling a source of heat energy comprising circulating fluid through a fluid flow circuit including a source of heat energy and cooling means for cooling heated fluid, so that heataccumulated by the fluid circulating through the heat source is dispersed as the fluid flows through the cooling means.
  • the fluid flow circuit generally comprises two sub-circuits including a closed-loop cooling circuit, and a pumping circuit provided with a relatively small-capacity pump. The output of this pump directed through syphon or ejector means included in the fluid-flow circuit creates a highvolume fluid flow in the closed loop cooling circuit, thereby satisfying flow requirements for cooling the heat source with a substantial reduction in the usual size of the pumping means.
  • cooling system herein provided is relatively inexpensive in terms of both capital and operating costs, while at the same time the reduced capacity pump means of the system facilitates control of the pump means and fluid flow within the system.
  • the cooling system of this invention further includes flow-maintaining means for maintaining a minimum predetermined volume of flow within the fluid-flow circuit, thereby preventing complete unloading of the output of the pumping means and preventing fluid stagnation within the circuit.
  • FIGURE is a schematic diagram of the cooling system of this invention.
  • the cooling system of this invention hereinafter referred to as a brake cooling system includes a fluid flow circuit generally indicated at 10 having a pumping sub-circuit generally indicated at 11, and a closed loop cooling sub-circuit generally indicated at 12.
  • the pumping sub-circuit 11 includes reduced-capacity pump or pumping means 13 which is drivingly corinected to a prime mover not shown for pumping oil or other fluid through the fluid flow circuit 10,
  • the pumping circuit 11 further includes valve means in the form of a valve 14 for controlling fluid flow within the fluid flow circuit 10.
  • Valve 14 is shown as an unloading or dump valve communicating with reservoir means 16 for storing reserve fluid when the output of pump 13 is unloaded and circulating fluid volume within the fluid flow circuit is reduced.
  • the cooling circuit 12 includes a brake housing 17 and cooling means such as a heat exchanger 18 for dispersing heat from the heated fluid flowing from brake housing 17.
  • the fluid flow circuit is provided at a junction of pumping circuit 11 and cooling circuit 12 with ejector or siphon means 19 for initiating a high volume of flow in the cooling circuit 12 in response to high velocity fluid flow through a jet 21 of siphon means 19.
  • the siphon means 19 operates in the conventional manner; that is, a high velocity flow through the jet 21 creates suction in the area surrounding the jet and in an intake 22 of a conduit 23 of the cooling circuit 12. Fluid is thereby drawn through the cooling circuit and combined with fluid from the pumping circuit 11; this high volume of fluid is then circulated by way of a conduit 24 of cooling circuit 12 through the brake housing 17, where it accumulates friction heat generated by braking action, and then through cooling means 18, where the accumulated heat is transferred and dispersed into the atmosphere.
  • the valve means 14 adjusts to direct the fluid flowing within the fluid flow circuit 10 to the reservoir means 16, thereby further substantially reducing power requirements for the system.
  • the fluid flow circuit 10 further includes flow-maintaining means 26 for maintaining a predetermined minimum rate of flow through the cooling circuit 12 when the output of pump 13 is unloaded, thereby preventing fluid stagnation within the circuit.
  • the flow-maintaining means illustrated comprise a conduit 27 interconnecting valve 14 and reservoir means 16 having a constricted venturi portion 28.
  • Fluid circulating in pumping circuit 11, through valve 14 and into reservoir means 16, will thus be obstructed by the constricted portion 28 of conduit 27, and the resulting build-up of fluid pressure within the pumping circuit 11 will force a portion of the fluid through siphon means in the form of a jet pump 19 into cooling circuit 12.
  • a continuous circulation of fluid through cooling circuit 12 is thereby obtained, and stagnation of fluid within the cooling circuit prevented.
  • means such as a conduit 29 interconnecting reservoir means 16 and cooling circuit 12 are provided for replenishing cooling circuit 12 with fluid when necessary to maintain the desired minimum fluidvolume within the circuit.
  • filter means 31 are provided within pumping circuit 11 for removing contaminants from the circulating fluid. Also, it is desirable to provide the fluid flow circuit 10 with means for relieving the circuit from excessively high fluid pressures, such as pressure relief valve means 32, disposed in a conduit 33 interconnecting reservoir means 16 and a conduit 34, which interconnects pumping means 13 and filter means 31. Pressure relief valve or means 32 responds to an excessive increase in fluid pressure within fluid flow circuit 10 caused, for example, by clogged orifice 21, by opening to allow fluid flow through conduit 33 into reservoir means 16, thereby relieving the system of excessive pressure.
  • pressure relief valve or means 32 responds to an excessive increase in fluid pressure within fluid flow circuit 10 caused, for example, by clogged orifice 21, by opening to allow fluid flow through conduit 33 into reservoir means 16, thereby relieving the system of excessive pressure.
  • valve means 14 is adapted to respond to an increase in temperature within brake housing 17 through a valveregulating means 35 for regulating the disposition of the valve means 14 and thus the flow of fluid through the fluid flow circuit 10.
  • Regulating means 35 includes a temperature sensor 36, and a control valve 37 provided with a solenoid or other switch means 38.
  • temperature sensor 36 is located in brake housing 17 and is set to send an electrical signal to the solenoid 38 when a predetermined high temperature is reached within the brake housing.
  • the control valve 37 directly communicates between valve means 14 and reservoir means 16 by way of a conduit 39, and is actuated by the solenoid 38.
  • the control valve 37 is actuated to flow-restricting position A, where it is maintained against a biasing spring 41, until the signal from the temperature sensor 36 is terminated, indicating that temperatures within the brake housing 17 have fallen below the predetermined level.
  • Biasing spring 41 then shifts the control valve 37 to the flow-permitting position B, causing fluid to flow from a chamber 42 of valve means 14 through the conduit 39 into reservoir means 16. Fluid flowing through a conduit 43 of pumping circuit 1 1 acts on a shoulder 44 of a dump valve element 46, thereby shifting the valve element 46 against a second biasing spring 47, and unseating it from seat 48 and permitting fluid to flow from the conduit 43 into the conduit 27 interconnecting the valve means 14 and the reservoir means 16. As hereinbefore described, the flow rate from the conduit 39 into the reservoir means 16 is preferably controlled as by the constricted portion 28 of the conduit 27.
  • a pump 13 having an output of about 15 gallons per minute is sufficient to produce a flow of about l50 gallons per minute through the cooling circuit 12. It may thus be seen that the cooling system of this invention provides means for obtaining a high volume fluid flow through a fluid flow circuit by reduced-capacity pumping means, substantially decreasing typical power requirements. Further, since the pumping circuit 11 accommodates approximately 10% of the flow of the cooling circuit 12, it is apparent that the respective valve means and conduits may be relatively small, thus resulting in a more economical system.
  • the present invention provides a vastly improved cooling system for cooling a source of heat energy within a fluid-flow circuit, and in particular provides an improved brake cooling system. While the invention has been described with particular reference to the pre ferred embodiment, it is apparent that variations and modifications are possible within the preview of the inventive concepts. No limitation with respect to such variations or modifications is intended, except by the scope of the appended claims.
  • a cooling system comprising a fluid flow circuit including a pumping sub-circuit, a closed loop cooling sub-circuit, and siphon means interconnecting the pumping and cooling sub-circuits for initiating highvolume fluid flow within the cooling sub-circuit in response to increased fluid flow from said pumping subcircuit into said siphon means, said pumping sub-circuit including pumping means for circulating fluid within said fluid flow circuit, valve means for controlling fluid flow into said siphon means and reservoir means for storing reserve fluid, and said cooling sub-circuit including heat generating means and cooling means for cooling fluid heated by said heat generating means, said fluid circulating at least primarily within said pumping sub-circuit when cooling flow requirements are sufficiently low, said valve means including a dump valve and said actuating means including control valve means disposed between said dump valve and said reservoir means for regulating fluid flow from said dump valve into said reservoir means whereby adjustment of said control valve means to evacuate fluid from said dump valve into said reservoir increases fluid flow into said siphon means, wherein said fluid flow circuit further includes temperature-sensitive actuating means
  • said actuating means further includes temperature-responsive solenoid means for adjusting said control valve means to evacuate fluid from said dump valve in response to a predetermined temperature in said heat generating means.
  • said pumping circuit further includes flow-maintaining means for preventing complete unloading of the output of the pumping'means and maintaining a minimum rate of fluid flow through said cooling circuit during operation of said system to prevent fluid stagnation within said cooling circuit.
  • the flowmaintaining means includes a conduit interconnecting said valve means and said reservoir means having a constriction therein, whereby fluid flowing within said pumping sub-circuit through said valve means into said reservoir is obstructed, thereby creating pressure within said pumping sub-circuit and forcing a minimum volume of fluid through said siphon means into said cooling sub-circuit.
  • said fluid flow circuit further includes replenishing means for replenishing the fluid flow circuit with fluid from said reservoir means when fluid volume within said fluid flow circuit is sufficiently depleted, said replenishing means including a conduit interconnecting said reservoir means and said fluid flow circuit.
  • said fluid flow circuit further includes filter means for filtering contaminants from fluid therewithin.
  • said fluid flow circuit further includes relief valve means disposed on a conduit interconnecting said pumping subcircuit and said reservoir means for admitting fluid from said pumping sub-circuit into said reservoir means in response to fluid overpressure within said pumping sub-circuit.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
US411776A 1973-11-01 1973-11-01 Cooling system for brakes Expired - Lifetime US3882930A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US411776A US3882930A (en) 1973-11-01 1973-11-01 Cooling system for brakes
CA207,838A CA1001967A (en) 1973-11-01 1974-08-27 Brake cooling system
FR7434364A FR2250185B1 (ja) 1973-11-01 1974-10-11
JP49119499A JPS5074244A (ja) 1973-11-01 1974-10-18

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US411776A US3882930A (en) 1973-11-01 1973-11-01 Cooling system for brakes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3882930A true US3882930A (en) 1975-05-13

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ID=23630275

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US411776A Expired - Lifetime US3882930A (en) 1973-11-01 1973-11-01 Cooling system for brakes

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3882930A (ja)
JP (1) JPS5074244A (ja)
CA (1) CA1001967A (ja)
FR (1) FR2250185B1 (ja)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4315565A (en) * 1978-08-31 1982-02-16 Low Leonard J Scavenge pump
FR2538014A1 (fr) * 1982-12-17 1984-06-22 Bricout Alfred Ensemble routier tracteur et semi-remorque specialement amenages pour l'execution de revetements superficiels routiers
US4823550A (en) * 1987-06-23 1989-04-25 Templeton, Kenly & Co. Rotary valve with jet pump aspirator
EP0592603A1 (en) * 1991-07-01 1994-04-20 Cannon Engineering Technologies, Inc. Direct drive axle brake and cooling system
US5558503A (en) * 1992-06-27 1996-09-24 Alfred Karcher Gmbh & Co. High-pressure cleaning device with bypass mechanism and pulsation dampeming
WO1999056032A1 (en) * 1998-04-29 1999-11-04 Meritor Heavy Vehicle Braking Systems (Uk) Limited Braking system incorporating a liquid-cooled brake
US6148909A (en) * 1998-01-27 2000-11-21 Komatsu Ltd. Temperature control device and temperature control method
US20060018767A1 (en) * 2004-07-20 2006-01-26 Schultz John C Transmission pump and filter
CN100422568C (zh) * 2004-07-20 2008-10-01 通用汽车公司 具有泵和过滤器组件的装置
US20110000750A1 (en) * 2009-07-02 2011-01-06 Schnell Ray F Wet brake cooling fluid system
CN101737363B (zh) * 2008-11-04 2015-01-14 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 用于带有泵入口扩压器的变速器的液压系统
US9764671B2 (en) 2015-05-07 2017-09-19 Caterpillar Inc. Unloading relief valve

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US611081A (en) * 1898-09-20 Joseph schneible
US1706574A (en) * 1927-03-15 1929-03-26 Pittsburgh Transformer Co Electric transformer
US1798702A (en) * 1926-05-31 1931-03-31 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Cooling device for electric apparatus

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US611081A (en) * 1898-09-20 Joseph schneible
US1798702A (en) * 1926-05-31 1931-03-31 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Cooling device for electric apparatus
US1706574A (en) * 1927-03-15 1929-03-26 Pittsburgh Transformer Co Electric transformer

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4315565A (en) * 1978-08-31 1982-02-16 Low Leonard J Scavenge pump
FR2538014A1 (fr) * 1982-12-17 1984-06-22 Bricout Alfred Ensemble routier tracteur et semi-remorque specialement amenages pour l'execution de revetements superficiels routiers
US4823550A (en) * 1987-06-23 1989-04-25 Templeton, Kenly & Co. Rotary valve with jet pump aspirator
EP0592603A1 (en) * 1991-07-01 1994-04-20 Cannon Engineering Technologies, Inc. Direct drive axle brake and cooling system
EP0592603A4 (en) * 1991-07-01 1995-06-07 Cannon Eng Tech DIRECTLY OPERATING BRAKE AND COOLING SYSTEM FOR DRIVE AXLE.
US5558503A (en) * 1992-06-27 1996-09-24 Alfred Karcher Gmbh & Co. High-pressure cleaning device with bypass mechanism and pulsation dampeming
US6148909A (en) * 1998-01-27 2000-11-21 Komatsu Ltd. Temperature control device and temperature control method
WO1999056032A1 (en) * 1998-04-29 1999-11-04 Meritor Heavy Vehicle Braking Systems (Uk) Limited Braking system incorporating a liquid-cooled brake
US20060018767A1 (en) * 2004-07-20 2006-01-26 Schultz John C Transmission pump and filter
US7281904B2 (en) * 2004-07-20 2007-10-16 General Motors Corporation Transmission pump and filter
CN100422568C (zh) * 2004-07-20 2008-10-01 通用汽车公司 具有泵和过滤器组件的装置
CN101737363B (zh) * 2008-11-04 2015-01-14 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 用于带有泵入口扩压器的变速器的液压系统
US20110000750A1 (en) * 2009-07-02 2011-01-06 Schnell Ray F Wet brake cooling fluid system
US8251191B2 (en) * 2009-07-02 2012-08-28 Ausco Products, Inc. Wet brake cooling fluid system
US9764671B2 (en) 2015-05-07 2017-09-19 Caterpillar Inc. Unloading relief valve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2250185B1 (ja) 1980-04-30
JPS5074244A (ja) 1975-06-18
CA1001967A (en) 1976-12-21
FR2250185A1 (ja) 1975-05-30

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: CATERPILLAR INC., 100 N.E. ADAMS STREET, PEORIA, I

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO., A CORP. OF CALIF.;REEL/FRAME:004669/0905

Effective date: 19860515

Owner name: CATERPILLAR INC., A CORP. OF DE.,ILLINOIS

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO., A CORP. OF CALIF.;REEL/FRAME:004669/0905

Effective date: 19860515