US3877513A - Control of air conditioning apparatus - Google Patents

Control of air conditioning apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3877513A
US3877513A US385023A US38502373A US3877513A US 3877513 A US3877513 A US 3877513A US 385023 A US385023 A US 385023A US 38502373 A US38502373 A US 38502373A US 3877513 A US3877513 A US 3877513A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
air
damper
heat exchanger
flow path
bellows
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US385023A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jr Arthur E Arledge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carrier Corp
Original Assignee
Carrier Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carrier Corp filed Critical Carrier Corp
Priority to US385023A priority Critical patent/US3877513A/en
Priority to AR254851A priority patent/AR205897A1/es
Priority to ZA00744302A priority patent/ZA744302B/xx
Priority to IN1509/CAL/1974A priority patent/IN141867B/en
Priority to CH954574A priority patent/CH576608A5/xx
Priority to GB30760/74A priority patent/GB1481316A/en
Priority to IT25136/74A priority patent/IT1033081B/it
Priority to NL7409862A priority patent/NL7409862A/xx
Priority to BR609074A priority patent/BR7406090D0/pt
Priority to AU71574/74A priority patent/AU485450B2/en
Priority to JP49085965A priority patent/JPS5043739A/ja
Priority to FR7426281A priority patent/FR2239651B1/fr
Priority to SE7409866A priority patent/SE7409866L/xx
Priority to FI2308/74A priority patent/FI57178C/fi
Priority to MX169378A priority patent/MX152322A/es
Priority to DE2437125A priority patent/DE2437125C3/de
Priority to ES428845A priority patent/ES428845A1/es
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3877513A publication Critical patent/US3877513A/en
Priority to JP1978017204U priority patent/JPS53118357U/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/01—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station in which secondary air is induced by injector action of the primary air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/81—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the air supply to heat-exchangers or bypass channels

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT An induction type air conditioning unit having a first heat exchanger connected to a source of a relatively cold heat exchange medium and a second heat exchanger connected to a source of a relatively warm heat exchange medium.
  • Dampers are provided to selectively direct the air induced from a space served by the unit through either the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, or through a path bypassing both first and second heat exchangers.
  • the dampers are operatively connected to an inflatable bellows.
  • the inflatable bellows is connected to the source of primary air for the induction unit.
  • the primary air pressure in the inflatable bellows is varied in response to changes. in room temperature to vary the path of flow of the air induced into the induction unit to therebyobtain a desired temperature for air discharged into said space.
  • Induction type air conditioning units are well known to those skilled in the art. Such units generally comprise a casing having a plenum provided therein. connected to a source of primary air.
  • the primary air is supplied from a central station at a relatively high velocity and high static pressure.
  • the primary air is discharged from the plenum via nozzles. thereby inducing air from the space. generally known as secondary air. into the mixing chamber of the unit.
  • a heat exchanger either connected to a source of either a relatively cold heat exchange medium or connected to a source ofa relatively warm heat exchange medium. defines the flow path entrance for the secondary air into the mixing chamber of the unit.
  • the primary air and the secondary air streams mix within such chamber and are discharged therefrom to provide a desired temperature level in a space conditioned by the unit.
  • Induction type air conditioning units are generally employed in conditioning the air in buildings having many individual spaces or rooms. for example office buildings. schools. and hospitals. Most induction type air conditioning units permit the occupant of an individual room to obtain a desired temperature level therein. without affecting the temperature of air in another room or space in the building.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 3.323.584 there is disclosed an induction type air conditioning unit suitable for use in a four-pipe air conditioning system.
  • the utilization of two heat exchangers having respectively a relatively warm heat exchange medium and a relatively cold heat exchange medium supplied independently thereto. permits individual occupants to obtain desired temperature levels within a wide range. For example. some units may be operated to provide heating. whereas other units may provide cooling.
  • a four-pipe system has the capability to provide extremely comfortable conditions throughout the building regardless of individual occupant preferences. the benefits are offset by the high cost of installing and controlling same.
  • the relatively complex damper mechanisms required to selectively direct the secondary air over the desired heat exchange coil to obtain a desired temperature level has heretofore substantially increased the manufacturing cost of the unit employing the same.
  • the requisite damper actuators for example either complex pneumatic or electric control systems. has further increased the cost of manufacturing such a unit. and has additionally increased the cost of installing and operating the individualunits and thus the air conditioning system.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 3.122.201 there is disclosed an induction type air conditioning unit employing primary air to selectively inflate a bellows to regulate the flow of air either through or about a heat exchange coil.
  • the induction unit disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3.122.201 may only be employed in a two-pipe air conditioning system.
  • an induction unit having a first heat exchanger defining a first flow path for air induced into an air conditioning unit.
  • the first heat exchanger is connected to a source of a relatively cold heat exchange medium.
  • a second heat exchanger defines a second flow path for the induced air; the second heat exchanger being connected to a source of a relatively warm heat exchange medium.
  • Means define a third flow path for the induced air, said flow path bypassing said first and second heat exchangers.
  • An inflatable bellows is connected to the primary air. the primary air pressure in the bellows varying with changes in temper ature of the space being conditioned.
  • a damper mechanism is connected to the bellows for directing the air through a selected one of said flow paths to obtain desired temperature conditions within the space.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view, partially broken away. of an air conditioning unit embodying the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a control for the air conditioning unit illustrated in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the air conditioning unit of FIG. I in a first operating mode
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 showing the unit in a second operating mode
  • FIG. 5 is yet another sectional view of the unit showing a third operating mode.
  • Unit 10 is of the type known to those familiar with the art as an induction unit.
  • the air conditioning unit includes casing 11 having a plenum chamber 14 contained therein.
  • Plenum chamber 14 is connected via a suitable duct 15 to a source of primary air (not shown).
  • the primary air is supplied to unit 10 at a high velocity and at a high static pressure.
  • the primary air is discharged from plenum 14 via nozzles 16 having nozzle orifices 17.
  • the nozzles operate to discharge the primary air at a relatively high velocity to induce secondary air from the space or room being conditioned into mixing chamber 18 of the unit.
  • the secondary air entering the unit passes thereinto via inlet grill 12.
  • the mixture of secondary and primary air is discharged from the unit into the space via discharge grill or outlet 13.
  • first and second heat exchangers 19 and 20 are provided within the unit.
  • Heat exchanger 19 is connected to a source (not shown) of relatively cold heat exchange medium. for example relatively cold water. which is supplied to the heat exchanger via inlet pipe 21.
  • the heat exchange medium is returned to the source via outlet pipe 22.
  • Heat exchanger 20 is connected to a suitable source (not shown) of a relatively warm heat exchange medium. for example. relatively warm water.
  • Heat exchanger 20 includes an inlet pipe 23 and an outlet pipe 24 for such heat exchange medium.
  • heat exchanger 19 defines a first fluid flow path for the secondary air entering the air conditioning unit; whereas heat exchanger 20 defines a second fluid flow path for the air induced into such unit.
  • the manner in which the air is directed through a selected one of the flow paths or through a third flow path bypassing heat exchangers 19 and 20 shallbe more fully explained hereinafter.
  • dampers 26 and 27 Opcratively associated with heat exchangers l9 and 20 are dampers 26 and 27. Dampers 26 and 27 form a portion of the control for directing the air through a selected one of the flow paths.
  • the control further includes an inflatable bellows 25. Plate member 45 is operatively connected to the bellows. the position of the plate being varied in accordance with variations in the inflation of the bellows. Spring 46 supplies a force on plate member 45 in opposition to the force supplied by the bellows.
  • a first link 28 is connected to plate member 45 and is movable therewith.
  • a second link 30 is suitably connected. for example via pin 29. to link 28.
  • the control further includes a third link 31 suitably connected to link 30 via pin 47'.
  • Link 31 includes elongated slots 35 and 36.
  • Damper 26 is associated with heat exchanger 20 having the relatively warm heat exchange medium flowing therethrough. Damper 26 is attached to link 49. the damper being designed to pivot about point 33. Link 49 includes a pin 37. the pin being movably disposed within elongated slot 36 of link 31.
  • Damper 27 is pivotally attached to link 48, the damper being designed to pivot about point 32.
  • Link 48 includes a pin 34, movably provided in elongated slot 35 of link 31.
  • One end of a tension spring 38 is suitably connected to link 48 and the other end of the spring is connected to link 49.
  • FIG. 2 there is shown a schematic illustration of a preferred control system for regulating the position of inflatable bellows 25.
  • COOLING MODE OPERATION Referring particularly to FIG. 3. the unit is shown as operating in a cooling mode. As noted hereinbefore. when the thermostat senses that the room temperature is above a predetermined value. the primary air pressure signal to inflatable bellows 25 is increased thereby increasing the degree of inflation of the bellows. Plate member 45 is rotated in a counter-clockwise direction as a result of the expansion of bellows 25. Link 28 is likewise rotated in a counter-clockwise direction about.
  • Link 30 is thus moved towards the left as viewed in the Figure of the drawing; similarly link 31 moves to the left as viewed in the Figure.
  • damper 27 pivot in a clockwise direction about point 32.
  • the damper thereby assumes the position illustrated in FIG. 3 to permit the secondary air induced into the unit to pass over heat exchange coil 19 in heat transfer relation with the relatively cold heat exchange medium flowing therethrough. to cool the secondary air prior to its mixing with the primary air for eventual discharge into the room or space being conditioned.
  • damper 26 is positioned so as to prevent any flow of secondary air across heat exchanger 20 having the relatively warm heat exchange medium flowing therethrough.
  • the secondary air induced into the unit thus flows through a third flow path. as defined by heat exchanger 20. since damper 26 has moved from its blocking position relative to such heat exchanger. The induced secondary air will continue to flow over the heat exchanger in heat transfer relation with the relatively warm heat exchange medium passing therethrough until the desired room temperature is obtained. When such room temperature is obtained. the bellows will inflate in the manner described so as to place the unit in its bypass mode as illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • the induction unit in accordance with the present invention can be satisfactorily employed in a four-pipe air conditioning system without requiring costly and complex controls as heretofore required in order to direct the air through the desired flow path to obtain satisfactory temperature conditions within the space being conditioned.
  • said control comprising:
  • thermostatic means for sensing the temperature of said space being conditioned for regulating the pressure of said primary air in said inflatable bellows
  • damper means operatively connected to said inflatable bellows for directing the induced air through one of said flow paths; said damper means including link means connected to said inflatable bellows and first and second dampers pivotally connected to said link means.
  • said first damper being movable relative to said first heat exchanger to selectively open or close the flow path including said first heat exchanger.
  • said second damper being movable relative to said second heat exchanger to selectively open or close the flow path including said second heat exchanger.
  • said first and second dampers in combination operating to selectively open or close said third flow path; said link means including a first link having a pair of elongated slots.
  • said first and second dampers having pins disposed in said slots; as pressure in said bellows increases in response to sensed changes in the temperature in said space. a selected one of said flow path is opened and said other two flow paths are closed. as the pressure in said bellows decreases. at selected second of said flow paths is opened and said other two flow paths are closed. and as the pressure in said bellows further decreases. a selected third of said flow paths is opened and said other two flow paths are closed. to thereby continuously regulate the temperature of air discharged from said unit into said space to maintain the temperature of the air in said space'at a desired level.
  • damper means further includes a plate member operatively connected to said inflatable bellows.
  • spring means supplying a force acting on said plate members in opposition to the force supplied by said inflatable bellows.
  • a control in accordance with claim I wherein a tension spring is connected at one end to said first damper and is connected at its other end to said second damper.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
  • Central Air Conditioning (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning Room Units, And Self-Contained Units In General (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
US385023A 1973-08-02 1973-08-02 Control of air conditioning apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3877513A (en)

Priority Applications (18)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US385023A US3877513A (en) 1973-08-02 1973-08-02 Control of air conditioning apparatus
AR254851A AR205897A1 (es) 1973-08-02 1974-01-01 Una unidad acondicionadora de aire
ZA00744302A ZA744302B (en) 1973-08-02 1974-07-03 Air conditioning apparatus and method
IN1509/CAL/1974A IN141867B (xx) 1973-08-02 1974-07-05
CH954574A CH576608A5 (xx) 1973-08-02 1974-07-10
GB30760/74A GB1481316A (en) 1973-08-02 1974-07-11 Air conditioning apparatus
IT25136/74A IT1033081B (it) 1973-08-02 1974-07-12 Apparecchio per il condizionamento dell aria e relativi mezzi di controllo
NL7409862A NL7409862A (nl) 1973-08-02 1974-07-22 Inrichting voor het conditioneren van lucht.
BR609074A BR7406090D0 (pt) 1973-08-02 1974-07-24 Unidade de condicionamento de ar processo para operar a mesma e controle para determinar o trajeto do fluxo de ar induzido
AU71574/74A AU485450B2 (en) 1973-08-02 1974-07-24 Airconditioning apparatus and method
JP49085965A JPS5043739A (xx) 1973-08-02 1974-07-26
FR7426281A FR2239651B1 (xx) 1973-08-02 1974-07-29
SE7409866A SE7409866L (xx) 1973-08-02 1974-07-31
MX169378A MX152322A (es) 1973-08-02 1974-08-01 Mejoras a un sistema de control para operar una unidad de acondicionamiento de aire
FI2308/74A FI57178C (fi) 1973-08-02 1974-08-01 Luftkonditioneringsenhet
DE2437125A DE2437125C3 (de) 1973-08-02 1974-08-01 Klappengeregeltes Vierrohr-Induktionsgerät
ES428845A ES428845A1 (es) 1973-08-02 1974-08-01 Perfeccionamientos introducidos en una unidad de acondicio-namiento de aire.
JP1978017204U JPS53118357U (xx) 1973-08-02 1978-02-15

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US385023A US3877513A (en) 1973-08-02 1973-08-02 Control of air conditioning apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3877513A true US3877513A (en) 1975-04-15

Family

ID=23519721

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US385023A Expired - Lifetime US3877513A (en) 1973-08-02 1973-08-02 Control of air conditioning apparatus

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US3877513A (xx)
JP (2) JPS5043739A (xx)
AR (1) AR205897A1 (xx)
BR (1) BR7406090D0 (xx)
CH (1) CH576608A5 (xx)
DE (1) DE2437125C3 (xx)
ES (1) ES428845A1 (xx)
FI (1) FI57178C (xx)
FR (1) FR2239651B1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1481316A (xx)
IN (1) IN141867B (xx)
IT (1) IT1033081B (xx)
NL (1) NL7409862A (xx)
SE (1) SE7409866L (xx)
ZA (1) ZA744302B (xx)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6715538B2 (en) * 2000-11-24 2004-04-06 Halton Oy Supply air terminal device
US20040104278A1 (en) * 2002-11-22 2004-06-03 Walsh Paul J. System and apparatus for refrigeration and heating
US20040104277A1 (en) * 2002-11-22 2004-06-03 Walsh Paul J. Variable constant volume cooling/heating unit
US20050086958A1 (en) * 2003-10-27 2005-04-28 Walsh Paul J. Apparatus for maximum work
US20120270494A1 (en) * 2011-04-20 2012-10-25 Mccarty Daniel P Displacement-induction neutral wall air terminal unit
US20140231045A1 (en) * 2013-02-20 2014-08-21 Air System Components, Inc. Induction displacement unit
US10690233B2 (en) * 2016-07-27 2020-06-23 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Bypass control for U-flow transmission oil coolers

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE7602284L (sv) * 1976-02-25 1977-08-26 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Regleranordning for sekvensstyrning av tva spjell i t ex en induktsapparat for ventilationsluft
US4782999A (en) * 1987-08-21 1988-11-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Air conditioning apparatus and grille control method thereof
FI82307C (sv) * 1987-09-23 1991-02-11 Palander Carl Gustav Ventilationsanordning
JPH03281423A (ja) * 1990-03-30 1991-12-12 Nippondenso Co Ltd 空気調和装置
CN109654598A (zh) * 2019-02-21 2019-04-19 南京天加环境科技有限公司 一种制热冷凝压力可调的空调系统及其控制方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3034725A (en) * 1957-09-12 1962-05-15 Allied Thermal Corp Damper control mechanism for air distributing units
US3208508A (en) * 1961-12-15 1965-09-28 Carrier Corp Air conditioning system and method
US3323584A (en) * 1964-07-14 1967-06-06 Serratto Angelo Induction type four-pipe air conditioning system
US3470945A (en) * 1966-08-27 1969-10-07 Friedrich H Schmidt Air conditioning apparatus
US3623542A (en) * 1969-10-31 1971-11-30 Carrier Corp Control of air-conditioning apparatus

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3198246A (en) * 1962-03-26 1965-08-03 Trane Co Induction unit

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3034725A (en) * 1957-09-12 1962-05-15 Allied Thermal Corp Damper control mechanism for air distributing units
US3208508A (en) * 1961-12-15 1965-09-28 Carrier Corp Air conditioning system and method
US3323584A (en) * 1964-07-14 1967-06-06 Serratto Angelo Induction type four-pipe air conditioning system
US3470945A (en) * 1966-08-27 1969-10-07 Friedrich H Schmidt Air conditioning apparatus
US3623542A (en) * 1969-10-31 1971-11-30 Carrier Corp Control of air-conditioning apparatus

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6715538B2 (en) * 2000-11-24 2004-04-06 Halton Oy Supply air terminal device
US20040104278A1 (en) * 2002-11-22 2004-06-03 Walsh Paul J. System and apparatus for refrigeration and heating
US20040104277A1 (en) * 2002-11-22 2004-06-03 Walsh Paul J. Variable constant volume cooling/heating unit
US6834714B2 (en) 2002-11-22 2004-12-28 Paul J. Walsh Variable constant volume cooling/heating unit
US20050086958A1 (en) * 2003-10-27 2005-04-28 Walsh Paul J. Apparatus for maximum work
US6976524B2 (en) 2003-10-27 2005-12-20 Walsh Paul J Apparatus for maximum work
US20120270494A1 (en) * 2011-04-20 2012-10-25 Mccarty Daniel P Displacement-induction neutral wall air terminal unit
US9551496B2 (en) * 2011-04-20 2017-01-24 Dan P. McCarty Displacement-induction neutral wall air terminal unit
US20170122577A1 (en) * 2011-04-20 2017-05-04 Daniel P. McCarty Displacement-induction neutral wall air terminal unit
US9982899B2 (en) * 2011-04-20 2018-05-29 Daniel P. McCarty Displacement-induction neutral wall air terminal unit
US20140231045A1 (en) * 2013-02-20 2014-08-21 Air System Components, Inc. Induction displacement unit
US9625166B2 (en) * 2013-02-20 2017-04-18 Air System Components, Inc. Induction displacement air handling unit
US11668475B2 (en) 2013-02-20 2023-06-06 Air Distribution Technologies Ip, Llc Induction displacement unit
US10690233B2 (en) * 2016-07-27 2020-06-23 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Bypass control for U-flow transmission oil coolers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2437125C3 (de) 1979-10-11
JPS5043739A (xx) 1975-04-19
IT1033081B (it) 1979-07-10
AU7157474A (en) 1976-01-29
BR7406090D0 (pt) 1975-05-20
AR205897A1 (es) 1976-06-15
FR2239651A1 (xx) 1975-02-28
NL7409862A (nl) 1975-02-04
JPS53118357U (xx) 1978-09-20
CH576608A5 (xx) 1976-06-15
FI57178B (fi) 1980-02-29
ZA744302B (en) 1975-07-30
IN141867B (xx) 1977-04-30
SE7409866L (xx) 1975-02-03
GB1481316A (en) 1977-07-27
ES428845A1 (es) 1976-08-16
DE2437125B2 (de) 1979-02-22
FI57178C (fi) 1980-06-10
DE2437125A1 (de) 1975-02-13
FI230874A (xx) 1975-02-03
FR2239651B1 (xx) 1978-10-13

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