US3877511A - Method and apparatus for dampening noise occurring in liquid heaters operating according to the vacuum vaporization principle - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for dampening noise occurring in liquid heaters operating according to the vacuum vaporization principle Download PDF

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Publication number
US3877511A
US3877511A US299036A US29903672A US3877511A US 3877511 A US3877511 A US 3877511A US 299036 A US299036 A US 299036A US 29903672 A US29903672 A US 29903672A US 3877511 A US3877511 A US 3877511A
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United States
Prior art keywords
sand
liquid
particulate material
vacuum vessel
heating
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Expired - Lifetime
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US299036A
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English (en)
Inventor
Willi Brandl
Zdenek Koula
Peter Nirk
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Stotz und Co AG
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Stotz und Co AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CH1375272A external-priority patent/CH549764A/xx
Priority claimed from CH1375372A external-priority patent/CH549765A/xx
Application filed by Stotz und Co AG filed Critical Stotz und Co AG
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Publication of US3877511A publication Critical patent/US3877511A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/10—Vacuum distillation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/0009—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters of the reduced pressure or vacuum steam type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A method for dampening noise occurring in liquid heaters operating according to the vacuum vaporization principle owing to pronounced vapor formation at the heating surfaces which contemplate opposing the formation of vapor bubbles at the heating liquid through the action of obstruction or damming up means.
  • the equipment for the performance of the aforesaid method employs obstruction or damming-up means arranged at the vacuum vessel or container which-oppose the formation of vapor bubbles at the heating liquid.
  • the present invention relates to a new and improved method of, and apparatus for, dampening the formation of noise occurring in liquid heaters which operate according to the vacuum vaporization principle owing to pronounced vapor formation at the heating surfaces.
  • Liquid heaters which operate according to the vacuum vaporization principle are known in the art, for instance from German Pat. No. 1,270,258.
  • Such prior art construction embodies an evacuated vessel or container, the so-called vacuum vessel, partially filled with a vaporizable heating liquid, which can be heated by a heat source.
  • One or a number of heat exchangers for heating one or a number of liquids are arranged at the vessel, these heat exchangers, in turn, being heated by the vapor of the vaporizable heating liquid.
  • Such type liquid heaters exhibit the unpleasant characteristics that during operation, especially however always after switching-in the heat source, there occurs a pronounced build-up of noise. This is predicated upon the intensive vapor formation at the heating surfaces of the vacuum vessel or container which is evacuated to about 18 Torr (mm. Hg pressure). Formation of vapor is particularly pronounced during the heating up period of such liquid heaters, because the heating liquid, typically water. owing to the negative pressure already begins to boil slightly above room temperature. Since in the vacuum vessel no atmospheric pressure opposes the formation of vapor bubbles there occurs, during the heating operation, in an almost explosion-like fashion very large vapor bubbles at the heating surfaces.
  • Another and more specific object of the present in vention aims at dampening the formation of noise at liquid heaters of the aforementioned type without adversely affecting the efficiency of the equipment.
  • Yet a further significant object of the present invention relates to an improved method of, and apparatus for, beneficially. suppressing the formation of noise at heating equipment operating according to vacuum vaporization techniques, through the use of relatively simple and inexpensive means.
  • the inventive method is manifested by the features that the formation of vapor bubbles at the vacuum vessel or container is opposed by obstruction or dam-up means.
  • the inventive apparatus is manifested by the features that such obstruction or dam-up means which oppose the formation of vapor bubbles are arranged in the vacuum vessel or container.
  • the obstruction or dam-up means for instance granular material. This can be of coarse grain size. Better results can be realized, however, if there is employed as the obstruction or dam-up means a granular material having a grain size of less than 5 mm., advantageously in the range of 1.5 to 5 mm and preferably in the range of 1.5 to 2 mm.
  • Granular materials suitable for the purposes of the invention are for instance the following: sand. glass grains, metal spheres or balls and chips, ceramic balls or spheres, furthermore, balls or spheres formed of plastic, which are specifically heavier than the liquid and resistant thereto throughout the prevailing operating temperatures, for instance those formed of polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • Particularly suitable is quartz sand of the aforementioned grain size.
  • a packing in the vacuum vessel formed of sand of the aforementioned grain sizes is covered at the top with sand of a coarser granulation or grain size or a sieve. In this way relative movement of the grains with respect to one another is dampened, and thus, wear of both the equipment walls as well as the grains is reduced.
  • the fill height of the granular obstruction or damming-up or dam-up means advantageously extends up to at least approximately the height of the liquid level at the vacuum vessel, preferably above the liquid level.
  • a compact, yet porous body which fills the vacuum vessel at least approximately to the height of the liquid level, preferably beyond the liquid level.
  • Suitable as the compact porous body there can be in particular advantageously employed: ceramic sintered bodies; metallic sintered bodies; molded bodies formed of porous natural stone, such as tuff; sintered bodies formed of plastic which throughout the prevailing operating temperatures are resistant to the liquid, for instance polytetrafluoroethylene; plastic foams resistant to the liquid over the prevailing operating temperatures; molded bodies formed of glass fibers adhesively bonded together by a suitable binder or binding agent resistant'to the liquid at the prevailing operating temperatures.
  • the compact. porous body can be either introduced into the vacuum compartment as a prefabricated molded body or, however, it can be formed in situ in the ,vac uum compartment by sintering bonding or foaming the appropriate raw materials.
  • the lastmentioned fabrication technique has the advantage that there is automatically formed a body of the desired dimensions, so that no further processing or other work is necessary.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view through a combination heating boiler for heating water and water of consumption equipped with a first embodiment of apparatus for sound dampening at the vacuum vessel or container;
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary view, on an enlarged scale, illustrating the lower portion of such heating boiler with a second embodiment of apparatus for sound dampening provided at the vacuum vessel;
  • FIG. 3 is'a fragmentary view showing a detail of a modified form of obstruction means.
  • FIG. 1 the heating boiler depicted in FIG. 1 will be understood to embody an outer completely enclosed vacuum vessel or container I having a bell-shaped inwardly domed floor 2.
  • a boiler 5 for the water 6 which is to be consumed.
  • Two conduits or pipes 7 and 8 which extend through a sealed throughpassage guide 20 serve for the infeed of fresh water and the withdrawal of the heated water respectively.
  • a second heat exchanger in form of a tubular or pipe coil 9 for heating water.
  • the vacuum vessel or container 1 is conventionally evacuated to about 18 Torr (mm Hg pressure) and filled at its lower portion with water 4.
  • a suitable heating source 10 having a ring-shaped arranged flame 11.
  • the hot gases can escape through a channel or duct 12 which can be connected to a flue or the like.
  • a perforated sheet metal member or plate 13, serving as obstruction or dammingup means, is arranged at or directly beneath the surface of the water.
  • FIG. 2 there is schematically illustrated, on an enlarged scale, only the lower portion of a boiler.
  • particulate material e.g., granular material 14, serving as the obstruction means, is filled into the lower portion of the vessel 1 containing the water 4.
  • granular material there can be used the materials discussed above. Further, this granular material may consist of, for instance, sand of a finer size covered by a layer of sand of coarser granulation.
  • the granular material 14 prevents the rapid displacement of the water during the formation of vapor bubbles, so that localized overpressure regions prevail at the water which oppose the formation of large vapor bubbles and therefore suppress the development of noise.
  • a non-planar Le a conical-shaped or domed sheet metal member or plate 30 arranged at the water bath and which, only at the region of its highest point or apex, is provided with openings 31 for the throughpassage of the water and vapor.
  • the obstruction means a compact but porous body which fills the vacuum vessel at least to the surface, or even beyond, the level of the heating liquid.
  • a method for dampening the development of sound occurring at a liquid heater having a vacuum vessel adapted to contain a heating liquid and operating according to the vacuum vaporization principle owing to pronounced development of vapor at the heating surfaces thereof comprising the steps of providing noise suppression means comprising particulate material having a grain size less than 5 mm, said material disposed within said vacuum vessel and at least partially filling the space therein occupied by said heating liquid, and opposing the formation of vapor bubbles at the heating liquid by means of said noise suppression means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Making Beverages (AREA)
US299036A 1972-09-20 1972-10-19 Method and apparatus for dampening noise occurring in liquid heaters operating according to the vacuum vaporization principle Expired - Lifetime US3877511A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1375272A CH549764A (de) 1972-09-20 1972-09-20 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur daempfung der in fluessigkeitserhitzern, welche nach dem vakuumverdampfungsprinzip arbeiten, auftretenden geraeuschbildung.
CH1375372A CH549765A (de) 1972-09-20 1972-09-20 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur daempfung der in fluessigkeitserhitzern, welche nach dem vakuumverdampfungsprinzip arbeiten, auftretenden geraeuschbildung.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3877511A true US3877511A (en) 1975-04-15

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US299036A Expired - Lifetime US3877511A (en) 1972-09-20 1972-10-19 Method and apparatus for dampening noise occurring in liquid heaters operating according to the vacuum vaporization principle

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3877511A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5117641B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATA894272A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
HU (1) HU167050B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT975244B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5309105A (en) * 1991-07-10 1994-05-03 Hitachi, Ltd. Vibration reduction system for magnetic-resonance imaging apparatus
CN107191915A (zh) * 2016-03-15 2017-09-22 哈尔滨宏万智科技开发有限公司 一种立式锅炉排气消音装置
JP2021089106A (ja) * 2019-12-04 2021-06-10 株式会社日本サーモエナー 真空式温水機および真空式温水機の運転方法

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5266801U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1975-11-13 1977-05-18
JPH0820044B2 (ja) * 1986-03-07 1996-03-04 三浦工業株式会社 多管式貫流ボイラーの燃焼室構造
JPS63126706U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1987-02-04 1988-08-18
JPS63126705U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1987-02-04 1988-08-18
WO2006011212A1 (ja) * 2004-07-29 2006-02-02 Kohno Company, Limited 熱交換方法及び熱交換器
WO2014068610A1 (ja) * 2012-10-30 2014-05-08 株式会社コーノ 減圧蒸気発生器

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US344277A (en) * 1886-06-22 Apparatus for generating steam
US426586A (en) * 1890-04-29 Etienne gillet
US655274A (en) * 1899-11-23 1900-08-07 Robert Ramsden Steam-generator.
US1619660A (en) * 1920-03-04 1927-03-01 Chemical Machinery Corp High-temperature-heating method
US1966442A (en) * 1930-08-20 1934-07-17 Field Crosby Method of and apparatus for economical use of mercury and other liquids
US2261235A (en) * 1940-05-13 1941-11-04 George L Doelling Antibumping device
US2378934A (en) * 1943-08-05 1945-06-26 Joseph H Kloner Illuminated bubbling ornament
US2569078A (en) * 1948-04-15 1951-09-25 Goldman & Company Inc M Support for bubble light device

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US344277A (en) * 1886-06-22 Apparatus for generating steam
US426586A (en) * 1890-04-29 Etienne gillet
US655274A (en) * 1899-11-23 1900-08-07 Robert Ramsden Steam-generator.
US1619660A (en) * 1920-03-04 1927-03-01 Chemical Machinery Corp High-temperature-heating method
US1966442A (en) * 1930-08-20 1934-07-17 Field Crosby Method of and apparatus for economical use of mercury and other liquids
US2261235A (en) * 1940-05-13 1941-11-04 George L Doelling Antibumping device
US2378934A (en) * 1943-08-05 1945-06-26 Joseph H Kloner Illuminated bubbling ornament
US2569078A (en) * 1948-04-15 1951-09-25 Goldman & Company Inc M Support for bubble light device

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5309105A (en) * 1991-07-10 1994-05-03 Hitachi, Ltd. Vibration reduction system for magnetic-resonance imaging apparatus
CN107191915A (zh) * 2016-03-15 2017-09-22 哈尔滨宏万智科技开发有限公司 一种立式锅炉排气消音装置
JP2021089106A (ja) * 2019-12-04 2021-06-10 株式会社日本サーモエナー 真空式温水機および真空式温水機の運転方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HU167050B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-07-28
IT975244B (it) 1974-07-20
JPS4960029A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-06-11
JPS5117641B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-06-03
ATA894272A (de) 1975-10-15

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