US1750434A

US1750434A - Evaporator

Info

Publication number: US1750434A
Application number: US247111A
Authority: US
Inventors: Jr William Sieck
Original assignee: William Garrigue & Co
Current assignee: William Garrigue & Co
Priority date: 1928-01-16
Filing date: 1928-01-16
Publication date: 1930-03-11
Anticipated expiration: 1947-03-11

Description

March 11, 1930. w,- sl K; R 1,750,434

EVAPORATOR Filed Jan. 16, 1928 W/LL/A/V 6756A: 77 W Patented Mar. 11, 1930 UNITED STATES- PATENT. OFFICE WILLIAM SIECK, JR., OF WINNETKA, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO WILLIAM GARRIGUE &

COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS a EvAroRAToR Application riled January 16, 1928. Serial No. 247,111.

This invention relates to improvements .in the type of inclined tube evaporators now in use, in that in the present invention the steam for supplying heat to the evaporator is. circulated through the inside of the tubes and the liquor to be evaporated circulates about the outside of the tubes. Further, the arrangement of tubes is such that vapor released from the tube surfaces is carried away without coming in contact with any addi-- tional tube surface, that is any additional surface above the point from which the vapor rises.

Heretofore in the inclined tube type of evaporator it has been necessary for the vapor released at the lower end of the'tubes to travel through the entire length of the tubes, thus impairing the rate of heat transfer in the tubes.

In the'present invention means are; also provided for causing fresh liquor to circulate in contact with the heating surfaces at all points along 'the length of the tubes, with the result that in the present inventionthe steam circulation through the tubes and the condensate drainage is more positive than in the prior type of evaporator of thischaracter in which latter the steam circulates around the outside of the tubes.

In the accompanyingdrawing illustrating the invention, Figure 1 isa longitudinal sec tional view of an evaporator of this character constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention. V

Figure 2 is an enlarged detail'cross sectional view taken on line 2+2, Figure 1.

The evaporator consists essentially of an inclined body 1 of any desired size and shape and is divided into two portions by a longitudinal wall or partitionEZ, the lower end of which partition terminates short of the lower end of the cylindrical body 1 and extends downwardly as at 3. The upper end of the body 1 is provided with a vapor outlet 4 which leads into a steam separator 5 of the centrifugal type and which separator is provided with a vapor outlet 6. The vapor outlet pipe 4 is provided with a helical 'baflie plate 7 therein which imparts a rotary 1110-. tion to the vapor ascending upwardly through the pipe 4, so that when the vapors pass into the separator 5 any liquid carried along with the vapors will be thrown outwardly by centrifugal force against the sides of the separator and will drain down into an annular space formed around the Vapor pipe i at the bottom of the separator, the pipe 4 extending into the separator above the bottom thereof for a short distance to provide such'space and from which space the liquor is returned to the evaporator or cylindrical port-ion l'by means of a pipe 8.

' The dry vapor will escape from the separator 5 through the outlet 6.

At the lower end of the cylindrical body 1 is arranged a vertical portion or chamber 9 of substantially the same cross section as the cylindrical body land is-provided at its bottom with a passageway controlled by a valve 10, and which passageway communicates with a salt box 11 that is fitted with a screen 12 extending thereacross and spaced above the bottom thereof.

The salt box 1'1 is provided for the purpose of removing the salts which may be in solution in the liquor to be evaporated and crystallize out as the liquor becomes more and more concentr ated. I

The heating element of the evaporator consists of a steamchest13 arranged at the upper end of the cylindrical body 1 and the steam chest is closedby means of a cover plate 14:, a steam supply pipe '16 being also provided which communicates with the steam chest and is fitted with a valve 15 to control the passage of the steam from the pipe 16 into the steam chest.

One end of a series of heating tubes 17 are fitted in the wall of the steam chest and the lower ends ofthese tubes are fitted or expanded into a condensate receiver 18 arranged at the lower end of the cylindrical bodyl.

The condensate receiver 18 is closed by a cover plate 19 which is fittedwith a condensate drain pipe 20. The lower end .of the body 1 'is closed by means of a flexible diaphragm 21 of suitable material, held in place preferablyby means of a clamping ring 22. The condensate drain pipe 20 issecured to the diaphragm 21 on its inside surface to compensate for expansion and contraction of the tubes 17. The pipe 20 communicates with a pipe 23 secured to the outside surface of the diaphragm and the pipe 23 communicates with a steam trap or suitable means (not shown) for removing the condensates from the evaporator without the loss of steam.

A pipe 24 passes through the condensate drain pipe 20 and extends into the upper section of the condensate receiver 18 and is provided for the purpose of removing air or other non-condensible gases from the condensate receiver, the outlet How of such gases being preferably controlled by means of a valve 25.

An inlet pipe 26 controlled by a valve 26 is provided for admitting liquor into the evaporator and a passage 27 controlled by a valve 27 is provided adjacent the lower end of the body 1 for removing the concentrated liquor from the evaporator.

A gauge glass 28 is provided for the purpose of indicating the level of the liquor in the evaporator.

The operation of this improved apparatus is as follows.

The evaporator is filled with liquor to be concentrated, through the pipe 26, to a level approximately indicated by the numeral 29. Steam is admitted to the interior of the tubes through the pipe 16 and the valve 15.

It will be readily seen that when the liquor in the evaporator is boiling, the circulation of the liquor will be upward in the

spaces

30 and 31 above the longitudinal wall or partition 2 and downward in the space 32 below the partition 2. Steam released from the steam heating surface of the tubes 17 will rise into the space 30 above the tubes and will escape into the vapor outlet pipe 4 without coming in contact with the portion of the heating surface of the tubes above the point from which the steam rises. The space 31 below the tubes 17 and above the partition 2 forms a passage for additional liquor to flow against the tubes.

The circulation of the liquor will be downward in the space 32 below the wall partition 2.

If the liquor to be evaporated carries salt or other substances in suspension, the change in the direction of flow of the liquor as it passes around the lower depending end 3 of the wall 2 from the passage 32 into the

passages

31 and 30 will cause such salts to be thrown out of suspension and allow them to settle down or precipitate upon the salt screen 12 in the box 11.

lVhen the box 11 is filled, the valve 10 should be closed and the liquor remaining in the salt box with the salt is drawn off through the screen 12 by means of a valve 38. The dry salt may then be removed from the salt box through a suitable opening closed by a suitable closure 34.

While the preferred form of the invention has been herein shown and described, it is to be understood that various changesmay be made in the details of construction and in the combination and arrangement of the several parts, within the scope of the claims, without departing from the spirit of this invention.

What is claimed as new is 1. An evaporator embodying an inclined elongated chamber, a partition dividing the chamber into two compartments communicating with each other at both ends, heating tubes within one of said compartments and extending throughout the length of the chamber and beyond the ends of the partition, means for supplying a heating medium within the tubes to flow therethrough out of commingling relation with the liquid in said chamber, means for supplying liquid to the other compartment and on the outside of the tubes, means permitting the escape of vapors adjacent the upper end of said chamber, and means for removing precipitates from the lower end of the chamber. 2. An evaporator embodying an elongated and inclined chamber, heating tubes therein and extending throughout the length of the chamber, means for supplying a heating me dium into the tubes, means for supplying liquid into the chamber, said tubes being so arranged in said chamber as to cause the liquid to flow against only so much of the heating surfaces as is necessary to convert said liquid into vapor, and means for creating a defined circulation of the liquid within said chamber.

3. An evaporator embodying an elongated inclined chamber, a partition extending across the chamber above the bottom thereof and terminating short of the ends of the chamber, a depending chamber at the lower end of the first said chamber, one end of said partition projecting into and terminating short of the bottom of said depending chamber to constitute a baflie for changing the direction of flow of the liquid, heating pipes arranged in the first said chamber above said partition, out of contact with the partition and also the wall of the chamber, said pipes extending throughout the length of the elongated chamber, means for supplying a heating medium into the pipes, means for supplying liquid into the elongated chamber beneath said partition, and means for causing the vapor to escape from the elongated chamber, the said tubes being so arranged in said chamber as to maintain the vapors out of contact with all portions of the heating surfaces other than those portions adjacent which the vapors are created.

4. An evaporator embodying an elongated inclined chamber, a partition extending lengthwise thereof and dividing said chamber into two compartments, said partition terminating short of the ends of the chamber, heating tubes in one of said compartments and extending lengthwise of the chamber, means for supplying liquid to the said other compartment, a depending chamber with which both of said compartments have communication, one end of said partition extending into and terminating short of the bottom of the depending chamber, and means for receiving the vapor from the tube containing chamber, said tubes being so arranged in their respective chamber that vapors will contact with only that portion of the heating surfaces as is necessary to convert said liquid into vapor.

5. An evaporator embodying an elongated inclined chamber, a partition extending lengthwise thereof and dividing said chamber into two compartments, said partition terminating short of the ends of the chamber, heating tubes in one of said compartments and extending lengthwise of the chamber, means for supplying liquid to the said other compartment, a depending upright chamber with which both of said compartments have communication, one end of said partition being arranged at an angle to the body portion of the partition and extending into the said depending chamber and terminating short of the bottom of the latter, and means for receiving the vapor from the tube containing chamber, said tubes being so arranged in their respective chamber that vapors will contact with only that portion of the heating surfaces as is necessary to convert the liquid into vapor. A

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, on this 13th day of January, A. D. 1928.

WILLIAM SIECK, JR.