US3876362A - Method of combustion - Google Patents

Method of combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
US3876362A
US3876362A US452344A US45234474A US3876362A US 3876362 A US3876362 A US 3876362A US 452344 A US452344 A US 452344A US 45234474 A US45234474 A US 45234474A US 3876362 A US3876362 A US 3876362A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fuel
wall
combustion
space
combustion gas
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Expired - Lifetime
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US452344A
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English (en)
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Yasuo Hirose
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/002—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space spraying nozzle arranged within furnace openings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber the recirculation taking place in the combustion chamber

Definitions

  • the multiple nozzle burner is applicable only to such a combustion device as a large boiler for the steam generator which usually is provided with plural burners.
  • the fuel is injected at a high velocity into the burner tile structure, then the stream of fuel is deflected and the high temperature combustion gas is induced from the combustion space to the burner tile structure by the specific effect of high velocity stream of fuel.
  • This high temperature combustion gas is diffused in the stream of fuel so that the fuel is gasified before combustion.
  • NOx generating rate is reduced by half and at the same time uniform and low temperature complete combustion is attained with considerably reduced excess air.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagramatic illustration of generation of Coanda Effect applied to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the burner tile structure and adjacent devices according to the invention. 7
  • FIG. 3 is a graphical representation of converted NOx generating ratemaking a comparison between the method of the invention and the conventional single stage combustion method for various excess air ratios.
  • a cylindrical structure constructed of side walls 1 and l is sealed atthe front end by a cover plate 2 at the center of which an injection nozzle 13 is secured so as to inject gas coaxially with the cylindrical structure at a velocity as high as sonic velocity.
  • gas is injected coaxially with the cylindrical structure; the stream of gas is deflected to one side of the side wall, for instance to the wall l ,'by some slight disturbance so that some part of the stream of gas flows being interfered by the surface of the wall 1.
  • Coanda Effect is stabilized :so as not to deflect the stream of gas indefinitely but to deflect steadily to the preferred direction by adequately providing air inlets for the cover plate 2 or for the wall of the cylindrical structure or by some other suitable means.
  • FIG. 2 there is shown an apparatus for further carrying out the method of the invention.
  • the front end of the burner tile structure 4 is closed by a cover plate 5, at the center of which a high pres sure type gas burner or a steam atomizing type oil burner 6 is secured.
  • Fuel, mixture of fuel and steam or mixture offuel and air is injected through the burner 6 at a velocity near to sonic velocity.
  • the stream of fuel is deflected to a preferred side of the burner tile structure 4 by Coanda Effect, therefore, the stream of fuel flows into the combustion space 9 being interfered with the surface of the burner tile structure.
  • Coanda Effect is controlled so as to stabilize the direction of deflection of the stream of fuel by appropriately providing air inlets 7 or 8 for the burner tile structure 4 or the cover plate 5 respectively or by giving a specific shape to the burner tile structure.
  • High temperature combustion gas is induced from the combustion space 9 to the burner tile structure 4 towards the opposite side of the deflected stream of fuel as shown by arrows at a constant rate. This combustion.
  • the gasified fuel is ignited and burns quickly in the combustion space 9.
  • the factors of the invention are, Coanda Effect caused by the stream of fuel injected into the burner tile structure 4 at a high velocity, induction of the high temperature combustion gas into the burner tile structure from the combustion space caused by stabilized Coanda Effect and quick endothermic gasification of fuel effected by the heat of the high' temperature combustion gas induced into the burner tile structure and diffused in the stream of fuel.
  • fuel burns quickly and uniformly in the combustion space 9 when the spinning stream of combustion air is introduced circumposing the fuel stream at the open end of the burner tile structure 4 by introducing air through the duct at the left of plate 5 and along the outer wall of tile 4 past elements 10.
  • Coanda Effect is stabilized, as described above, by providing the air inlets 7 or 8 or otherwise, by providing a cut out for the preferred position of the burner tile structure to induce smoothly the combustion gas into the burner tile structure.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing converted values of NOx generating rate for various excess air ratios, measured in the comparative combustion experiment between the method of the invention and the conventional method.
  • the graph shows that NOx generating rate according to the method of the invention is approximately 40 percent lower than that of the conventional method for every excess air ratio. therefore. it may well be inferred that NOx generating rate is reduced by half by the method of the invention as the method of the invention requires less excess air for the complete combustion.
  • NOx generating rate can be reduced further by lowering flame temperature by circulating and mixing exhaust gas with combustion air.
  • the method of combustion for reducing NOx generating rate comprising; injection of fuel, mixture of fuel and steam or mixture of fuel and air at a high velocity through a high pressure type gas burner or a high pressure steam atomizing type oil burner secured on a cover plate fixed at the front end of the burner tile structure comprising deflection of the fuel stream to a selected direction in the burner tile structure by Coanda Effect, stabilization of the deflection of the fuel stream to cause the fuel stream to flow along a specific wall of the burner tile structure, induction of the high temperature combustion gas from the combustion space, positioned in the back of the burner tile struc ture, towards the wall of the burner tile structure opposite the wall along which the deflected fuel stream flows and diffusion of the induced high temperature combustion gas in the fuel stream promoting endothermic gasification of fuel.
  • the injecting step further comprises injecting the fuel into a space surrounded by a wall, and wherein the deflecting step comprises deflecting the fuel toward a portion of the wall.
  • the injecting step further comprises injecting fuel into a space laterally surrounded by a wall.
  • the deflecting step comprises deflecting fuel toward a portion of the wall by a Coanda Effect.
  • the drawing step comprises drawing combustion gas into the space surrounded by the wall in an area opposite the portion of the wall toward which the fuel is directed.
  • the flowing step comprises flowing the mixed combustion gas in a fuel outward from a space surrounded by the wall opposite from the nozzle.
  • the deflecting step further comprises admitting oxygen into the space laterally surrounded by the wall in an area remote from the portion of the wall toward which fuel is deflected.
  • Fuel combustion apparatus comprising a frame. mounting means connected to the frame for mounting the frame on a fuel burning device having a combustion space. an end plate connected to the frame and having an opening. a fuel injection nozzle mounted in the opening in the end plate. a wall means mounted on the frame and positioned slightly spaced from the opening in the end plate and mounted at an angle to the end plate, fuel deflection means connected to the frame for deflecting fuel from the nozzle toward the wall means, and combustion gas admission means connected to the frame and positioned between the end plate and the combustion space and mounted opposite the wall means for admitting combustion gas from the combustion space toward fuel and toward the wall means, whereby combustion gas and fuel are mixed in a space generally between the wall means and the admission means before flowing into the combustion space.
  • the apparatus of claim 10 further comprising a continuous enclosure wall mounted perpendicularly on the end plate and wherein the wall means comprises a portion of the enclosure wall, and wherein the admission means comprises an open space along a second portion of the enclosure wall opposite the portion toward which fuel is deflected.
  • the apparatus of claim 111 further comprising an opening in the enclosure wall adjacent the second portion for admitting air and for deflecting fuel toward the first wall portion.
  • the apparatus of claim 11 further comprising an opening in the end plate adjacent the nozzle for admitting air for augmenting deflection of the fuel toward the first wall portion.
  • the apparatus of claim ll further comprising air admission means externally surrounding the wall for flowing air around the enclosure wall and into the combustion space surrounding a mixture of fuel and combustion gases flowing from the: enclosure wall into the combustion space.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
US452344A 1973-04-23 1974-03-18 Method of combustion Expired - Lifetime US3876362A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP48045058A JPS5222131B2 (de) 1973-04-23 1973-04-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3876362A true US3876362A (en) 1975-04-08

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ID=12708743

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US452344A Expired - Lifetime US3876362A (en) 1973-04-23 1974-03-18 Method of combustion

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US3876362A (de)
JP (1) JPS5222131B2 (de)
DE (1) DE2405227C3 (de)
FR (1) FR2226619B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1458386A (de)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3954382A (en) * 1974-04-08 1976-05-04 Yasuo Hirose Combustion apparatus and method
US4162890A (en) * 1977-05-02 1979-07-31 Bloom Engineering Company, Inc. Combustion apparatus
EP0287392A2 (de) * 1987-04-16 1988-10-19 Luminis Pty. Limited Mischen unter Anwendung eines Fluidstrahls
AU614518B2 (en) * 1987-04-16 1991-09-05 Luminis Pty Limited Controlling the motion of a fluid jet
US5110285A (en) * 1990-12-17 1992-05-05 Union Carbide Industrial Gases Technology Corporation Fluidic burner
US5242110A (en) * 1991-12-02 1993-09-07 Praxair Technology, Inc. Method for changing the direction of an atomized flow
US5980243A (en) * 1999-03-12 1999-11-09 Zeeco, Inc. Flat flame
WO2000006946A2 (en) * 1998-07-30 2000-02-10 Bloom Engineering Company, Inc. Burner for non-symmetrical combustion and method
US6394792B1 (en) 1999-03-11 2002-05-28 Zeeco, Inc. Low NoX burner apparatus
US7175423B1 (en) 2000-10-26 2007-02-13 Bloom Engineering Company, Inc. Air staged low-NOx burner
US20070107436A1 (en) * 2005-11-14 2007-05-17 General Electric Company Premixing device for low emission combustion process
US20080060355A1 (en) * 2006-09-08 2008-03-13 General Electric Company Turbocharger for a vehicle
US20090314000A1 (en) * 2008-06-05 2009-12-24 General Electric Company Coanda pilot nozzle for low emission combustors
US20100011771A1 (en) * 2008-07-17 2010-01-21 General Electric Company Coanda injection system for axially staged low emission combustors
US20100034642A1 (en) * 2006-09-08 2010-02-11 General Electric Company Device for enhancing efficiency of an energy extraction system
WO2015042237A1 (en) 2013-09-23 2015-03-26 Bloom Engineering Company, Inc. Regenerative burner for non-symmetrical combustion
US9593848B2 (en) 2014-06-09 2017-03-14 Zeeco, Inc. Non-symmetrical low NOx burner apparatus and method
US9593847B1 (en) 2014-03-05 2017-03-14 Zeeco, Inc. Fuel-flexible burner apparatus and method for fired heaters

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS51140149U (de) * 1975-05-01 1976-11-11
JPS51153836U (de) * 1975-06-03 1976-12-08
JPS5844281B2 (ja) * 1975-10-14 1983-10-03 三菱重工業株式会社 ネンシヨウホウホウ
JPS52149326U (de) * 1976-04-28 1977-11-12
JPS536313A (en) * 1976-07-07 1978-01-20 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Method of melting glass
JPS5343240A (en) * 1976-10-01 1978-04-19 Nippon Furnace Kogyo Kaisha Ltd Combustion apparatus
JPS5343239A (en) * 1976-10-01 1978-04-19 Nippon Furnace Kogyo Kaisha Ltd Combustion apparatus
JPS5344936A (en) * 1976-10-05 1978-04-22 Nippon Furnace Kogyo Kk Combustion device
JPS5414028A (en) * 1977-07-01 1979-02-01 Chugai Ro Kogyo Kaisha Ltd Low nox burner
JPS5819929B2 (ja) * 1978-07-11 1983-04-20 新日本製鐵株式会社 低ＮＯ↓ｘバ−ナ−
DE10359362B3 (de) † 2003-12-16 2005-02-24 Rheinkalk Gmbh Verfahren zum Brennen von Kalkstein

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2098455A (en) * 1934-04-27 1937-11-09 Emert J Lattner Fluid fuel burner
US3639094A (en) * 1969-01-30 1972-02-01 Gerard Pierre Marie Joseph Dup Space-heating burner
US3685946A (en) * 1970-11-12 1972-08-22 Ecological Controls Inc Combustion chamber supplemental air supply assembly and method
US3758258A (en) * 1970-03-24 1973-09-11 Collin Consult A method for combusting fuels in a substantially conically shaped curtain
US3826083A (en) * 1973-07-16 1974-07-30 Gen Motors Corp Recirculating combustion apparatus jet pump

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2098455A (en) * 1934-04-27 1937-11-09 Emert J Lattner Fluid fuel burner
US3639094A (en) * 1969-01-30 1972-02-01 Gerard Pierre Marie Joseph Dup Space-heating burner
US3758258A (en) * 1970-03-24 1973-09-11 Collin Consult A method for combusting fuels in a substantially conically shaped curtain
US3685946A (en) * 1970-11-12 1972-08-22 Ecological Controls Inc Combustion chamber supplemental air supply assembly and method
US3826083A (en) * 1973-07-16 1974-07-30 Gen Motors Corp Recirculating combustion apparatus jet pump

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3954382A (en) * 1974-04-08 1976-05-04 Yasuo Hirose Combustion apparatus and method
US4162890A (en) * 1977-05-02 1979-07-31 Bloom Engineering Company, Inc. Combustion apparatus
EP0287392A2 (de) * 1987-04-16 1988-10-19 Luminis Pty. Limited Mischen unter Anwendung eines Fluidstrahls
WO1988008104A1 (en) * 1987-04-16 1988-10-20 Luminis Pty. Ltd. Controlling the motion of a fluid jet
EP0287392A3 (en) * 1987-04-16 1989-09-27 Luminis Pty. Limited Controlling the motion of a fluid jet
AU614518B2 (en) * 1987-04-16 1991-09-05 Luminis Pty Limited Controlling the motion of a fluid jet
US5060867A (en) * 1987-04-16 1991-10-29 Luminis Pty. Ltd. Controlling the motion of a fluid jet
US5110285A (en) * 1990-12-17 1992-05-05 Union Carbide Industrial Gases Technology Corporation Fluidic burner
EP0491325A2 (de) * 1990-12-17 1992-06-24 Praxair Technology, Inc. Flüssigkeitsbrenner
EP0491325A3 (en) * 1990-12-17 1992-10-28 Union Carbide Industrial Gases Technology Corporation Fluidic burner
US5242110A (en) * 1991-12-02 1993-09-07 Praxair Technology, Inc. Method for changing the direction of an atomized flow
US6471508B1 (en) 1998-07-30 2002-10-29 Bloom Engineering Company, Inc. Burner for non-symmetrical combustion and method
WO2000006946A2 (en) * 1998-07-30 2000-02-10 Bloom Engineering Company, Inc. Burner for non-symmetrical combustion and method
WO2000006946A3 (en) * 1998-07-30 2000-06-02 Bloom Eng Co Inc Burner for non-symmetrical combustion and method
US6394792B1 (en) 1999-03-11 2002-05-28 Zeeco, Inc. Low NoX burner apparatus
US5980243A (en) * 1999-03-12 1999-11-09 Zeeco, Inc. Flat flame
US7175423B1 (en) 2000-10-26 2007-02-13 Bloom Engineering Company, Inc. Air staged low-NOx burner
US20070107436A1 (en) * 2005-11-14 2007-05-17 General Electric Company Premixing device for low emission combustion process
US8266911B2 (en) 2005-11-14 2012-09-18 General Electric Company Premixing device for low emission combustion process
US20080060355A1 (en) * 2006-09-08 2008-03-13 General Electric Company Turbocharger for a vehicle
US8171732B2 (en) 2006-09-08 2012-05-08 General Electric Company Turbocharger for a vehicle with a coanda device
US20100034642A1 (en) * 2006-09-08 2010-02-11 General Electric Company Device for enhancing efficiency of an energy extraction system
US7685804B2 (en) 2006-09-08 2010-03-30 General Electric Company Device for enhancing efficiency of an energy extraction system
US7874157B2 (en) 2008-06-05 2011-01-25 General Electric Company Coanda pilot nozzle for low emission combustors
US20090314000A1 (en) * 2008-06-05 2009-12-24 General Electric Company Coanda pilot nozzle for low emission combustors
US20100011771A1 (en) * 2008-07-17 2010-01-21 General Electric Company Coanda injection system for axially staged low emission combustors
US8176739B2 (en) 2008-07-17 2012-05-15 General Electric Company Coanda injection system for axially staged low emission combustors
WO2015042237A1 (en) 2013-09-23 2015-03-26 Bloom Engineering Company, Inc. Regenerative burner for non-symmetrical combustion
US10429072B2 (en) 2013-09-23 2019-10-01 Bloom Engineering Company Inc. Regenerative burner for non-symmetrical combustion
US9593847B1 (en) 2014-03-05 2017-03-14 Zeeco, Inc. Fuel-flexible burner apparatus and method for fired heaters
US9593848B2 (en) 2014-06-09 2017-03-14 Zeeco, Inc. Non-symmetrical low NOx burner apparatus and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2226619A1 (de) 1974-11-15
DE2405227B2 (de) 1978-03-30
GB1458386A (en) 1976-12-15
DE2405227A1 (de) 1974-11-07
JPS49130525A (de) 1974-12-13
FR2226619B1 (de) 1976-04-30
JPS5222131B2 (de) 1977-06-15
DE2405227C3 (de) 1978-12-07

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